EUROPE The Rise of Rome Iw nae 6rs cenvuer 8ce, Rome was a small city-state in Italy ruled by kings. By the end of the tat century vee, it had conquered the entire Mediterranean world. After the last king \was driven out in 510 ace, Rome became a republic, Led by an assembly called the senate, Kome conquered the whole erie of taly and, between 246 and 146 sce, went on to win three .. wars against the Carthaginian Empire of North Africa. In the same period, the Romans became involved in the eastern Mediterranean, where they took over the Greek states. In the Ist century oct, after a series of civil wars, a general named Octavian (later known as Augustus) took over the republic and became Rome's first emperor, a (purples inthe eat Isteeatuyes AETRUSCAN INFLUENCE ineaty mes, the Romans were dominated bythe Etruscan panple of nethern aly The Eruscans lived in wealthy city-states that were rule by kings, Under Ir iuence, Rome began fo ae from a smal vilage ito a city The Etscans set shiledanists who ceated beautiful wall paintings and statues in tena-cotta «nd brorge. This browe statues of @mthical creature ced chimera ‘Aer the last ing was dven out, Roe became a republic governed by clctad ficial called magistrates The meet imaortan macietrates were fo consul who Were elected annually and acted a font heads of tate They sled with the chice ofthe Senate an aserty of foumer mapistiates, chosen fom Romes wealthiest aa ‘ust perf aes. So ete isa oa Roman letor an til who aconrpanied he consuls. ROMAN CONQUESTS »- ‘After defeating Carthage forthe nal time in a6 sce, the Romans destojed the ety The same Yea saw the destruction of Corinth, which had ed the Gree resistance to Rome Both Corinth and Carthage were burned to th gotind and their oople were sold into sinvery. The Romans Toursdd new cies on ther ashes, Ron oF ne emt oF vou. comntsoveatarons Tres hed theanme use accivit WARS chil ware in which ambien ach other or pene The came Remes semper taling the name Agus c ‘of Rome. In ae. 8 tmeaning‘the honored ene Under Agustus, who red froup of lading senators stabed Caesar to death from 27 oto Lc, Reme became a monarchy, He mace Jed to more chil ware, THE RISE OF ROME THE ARMY was duct the discipline i ren che popes they conquered soiers in the Roman ary were the Tepionaties. These wete heavily armored ho cari lone shield and sere armed wth veins anal enor stabbing sods for dose con heme were nants Leaonanvs THE FIRST EMPEROR > The fn! vcor ofthe cv wats was Oct rest nenbeand aie Aor dating his nemo, he igus ep otal contol fe mp ‘The last member of August's family to AM {ule as emperot vas Net [led 34-68 a). Rules and ambitious. Nero arranged the murders of bth hs mather and te. brother Heals sikehel Rove laly Dy eet onstage as an ctr and singe Aer Nero had dozens ef leading Romans execed, there wnea widespread rebelion sesint him Aland by everone, the emperor illedhimselt