M t h thng gim st iu khin tch hp

Cng ty H thng k thut ng dng (ATS Co.,Ltd.)

M t k thut

MC LC
MC LC .......................................................................................................................... I
CC HNH V ................................................................................................................. IV
1

TNG QUAN .......................................................................................................... 1-1

1.1

M t h thng gim st iu khin tch hp trm ......................................... 1-1

1.2

Tng th phm vi cung cp ca ATS ............................................................... 1-2

1.2.1
1.2.2

H thng gim st iu khin tch hp trm ........................................... 1-3

Dch v sau bn hng ................................................................................ 1-3

CC C TNH THIT K CHNH CA H THNG............................................ 2-1

2
2.1

Gii php Cng ngh ca @Station ............................................................ 2-1

2.2

Cc c tnh thit k chnh ca h thng @Station .................................... 2-3

2.2.1
2.2.2
2.2.3
2.2.4
2.2.5
2.2.6
2.2.7
2.2.8
2.2.9
3

Tun th cc tiu chun m v s dng thit b thng dng ............... 2-3

tin cy, tnh d phng ......................................................................... 2-3
Kh nng m rng ..................................................................................... 2-3
Thit k phn cp m ................................................................................ 2-4
Kh nng nng cp.................................................................................... 2-4
Tnh nng, hiu qu ................................................................................... 2-4
Cp chnh xc ............................................................................................ 2-5
ng b thi gian ...................................................................................... 2-5
Trch nhim ca ATS ................................................................................ 2-5

M T CHC NNG ............................................................................................. 3-1

3.1

Cu trc chc nng........................................................................................... 3-1

3.1.1
3.1.2
3.2

Tng quan v h thng phn mm .......................................................... 3-1

Cc c im chung ca phn mm ........................................................ 3-1

Phn mm @Station ...................................................................................... 3-1

3.2.1
Phn mm h thng .................................................................................. 3-1
3.2.1.1 Thit k h thng m ............................................................................... 3-1
3.2.1.2 H iu hnh ............................................................................................ 3-2
3.2.2
Cc phn mm tr gip kt ni thng tin ................................................ 3-2
3.2.2.1 Phn mm kt ni thng tin...................................................................... 3-2
3.2.2.2 Kt ni d liu vi trung tm iu ....................................................... 3-2
3.2.2.2.1 Kt ni vi h thng SCADA: ............................................................ 3-2
3.2.2.3 Gim st mng thng tin .......................................................................... 3-3
3.2.2.3.1 M t chung ...................................................................................... 3-3
3.2.2.3.2 Kh nng kt ni t xa ...................................................................... 3-4
3.2.2.3.3 Bo mt............................................................................................. 3-4
3.2.2.3.4 Qun l v cu hnh mng thng tin.................................................. 3-4
3.2.3
Phn mm qun tr c s d liu............................................................. 3-5
3.2.3.1 M t chung ............................................................................................. 3-5
3.2.3.2 Ngun c s d liu ................................................................................ 3-5
H thng @Station

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M t k thut

3.2.3.3 Bo tr v sa i c s d liu............................................................... 3-6

3.2.3.4 Qun l c s d liu thi gian thc........................................................ 3-6
3.2.4
Phn mm h tr giao din ngi dng ................................................. 3-6
3.2.4.1 Yu cu chung ......................................................................................... 3-6
3.2.4.2 M t hot ng vn hnh........................................................................ 3-7
3.2.4.3 Cc mn hnh c bn ............................................................................... 3-8
3.2.5
Qun l v cu hnh h thng tch hp.................................................... 3-8
3.2.6
Cng c bo dng h thng .................................................................. 3-8
3.2.7
Kh nng bo tr ........................................................................................ 3-8
3.2.8
Cc tiu chun v quy phm .................................................................... 3-8
3.3

Cc vng p ng (Areas of Responsibility) .................................................. 3-9

3.3.1
3.3.2
3.3.3
3.3.4
3.4

Vn hnh vin ............................................................................................ 3-9

K s h tr vn hnh .............................................................................. 3-9
K s bo tr h thng............................................................................... 3-9
Mc user cho cc mc ch khc ............................................................ 3-9

H thng iu khin v thu thp d liu ....................................................... 3-10

(Data Acquisition and Control - DAC) ...................................................................... 3-10

3.4.1
X l v thu thp d liu (Data Acquisition and Processing).............. 3-10
3.4.1.1 D liu dng analog ............................................................................... 3-10
3.4.1.2 Ch th trng thi ..................................................................................... 3-12
3.4.1.3 Trng thi ly mu theo thi gian v SoE .............................................. 3-12
3.4.1.4 Phn tch s kin ................................................................................... 3-13
3.4.1.5 Nhp liu bng tay ................................................................................. 3-14
3.4.1.6 Trao i d liu vi cc Non-IEC61850 ................................................. 3-14
3.4.1.7 Hin th thng tin o lng ..................................................................... 3-15
3.4.2
iu khin gim st ................................................................................. 3-17
3.4.2.1 M t chung ........................................................................................... 3-17
3.4.2.2 Cc chc nng iu khin gim st ....................................................... 3-18
3.4.2.3 Tun t iu khin thit b ...................................................................... 3-19
3.4.3
Cnh bo .................................................................................................. 3-19
3.4.3.1 S kin c cnh bo .............................................................................. 3-20
3.4.3.2 iu kin cnh bo v phn loi cnh bo............................................. 3-20
3.4.3.3 Ca s mn hnh cnh bo .................................................................... 3-20
3.4.4
th xu hng (Trending) .................................................................... 3-21
3.4.5
Bin bo, bin cm (Tagging) ................................................................. 3-22
3.4.6
Gim st ngun trong trm ..................................................................... 3-23
3.4.7
Phn mm gim st my bin p v ng dy truyn ti.................. 3-24
3.4.8
In bo co, nht k vn hnh .................................................................. 3-25
3.4.8.1 To bo co ........................................................................................... 3-25
3.4.8.2 Copy mn hnh ....................................................................................... 3-26
3.4.8.3 Nht k vn hnh ................................................................................... 3-26
3.4.9
Sa thi v khi phc ph ti ................................................................... 3-27
3.5

H thng d liu qu kh (HIS)...................................................................... 3-27

H thng @Station

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M t k thut

3.5.1
c im chung ....................................................................................... 3-27
3.5.2
X l v lu tr d liu ........................................................................... 3-28
3.5.3
Kh nng tnh ton v trnh din ............................................................ 3-29
3.5.3.1 Tnh ton ................................................................................................ 3-30
3.5.4
Kh nng lu tr lu di ca D liu qu kh ...................................... 3-30
3.5.5
ng dng HIS ........................................................................................... 3-30
3.5.5.1 ng dng Playback ............................................................................. 3-30
3.5.5.2 ng dng E-Report (C th c la chn thm) ................................. 3-33
3.5.5.3 ng dng E-Alarm: (La chn thm) ..................................................... 3-35
3.5.5.4 Mobile SCADA (la chn thm): ............................................................ 3-37
3.5.5.5 ng dng Web-Based Realtime Data Portal (La chn thm): ............. 3-37
4

HARDWARE .......................................................................................................... 4-1

4.1

Mng LAN (Local Area Network) ...................................................................... 4-1

4.2

Cc Server vi chc nng: ............................................................................... 4-1

Substation Computers, Gateway, HIS v Engineering ............................................. 4-1

4.3

H thng vn hnh (Operation Subsystem) .................................................... 4-2

4.3.1
Bn gim st iu khin (Substation Operation Consoles) ................... 4-2
4.3.2
Cc thit b khc ........................................................................................ 4-2
4.3.2.1 My in....................................................................................................... 4-2
4.3.2.2 Ngun....................................................................................................... 4-2
4.3.2.3 Thit k an ton cho ngi dng ............................................................. 4-2
4.3.2.4 ng gi phn cng (Hardware Packaging) ............................................ 4-2
4.3.2.5 Cc thnh phn phn cng ...................................................................... 4-3
4.3.2.6 Cp .......................................................................................................... 4-3
5

TI LIU ................................................................................................................. 5-1

M BO CHT LNG V ACCEPTANCE TEST ........................................... 6-1

O TO (TRAINING) .......................................................................................... 7-1

DCH V H TR BO TR, BO HNH ............................................................. 8-1

C TNH K THUT CA CC THIT B BO V, O LNG V IU KHIN

9-1

9.1

Cc c im k thut chung ........................................................................... 9-1

9.2

c tnh k thut ca Rle v BCU .................................................................. 9-1

9.2.1
9.2.2
9.2.3
9.2.4

Cc tiu chun sn xut v th nghim .................................................... 9-1

Rle khong cch v BCU (F21&BCU) .................................................... 9-2
Rle qu dng c hng v BCU (F67/67N&BCU)................................. 9-2
Rle bo v so lch v iu khin MBA (F87T) ...................................... 9-3

H thng @Station

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Cng ty H thng k thut ng dng (ATS Co.,Ltd.)

M t k thut

CC HNH V
Hnh 1-1 Cu trc HMI ca h thng tch hp @Station
Hnh 1-2 M hnh cc giao din v chc nng ca h thng tch hp
Hnh 2-1 Khi qut v x l d liu theo IEC-61850 ca h thng @Station
Hnh 2-2 Khi qut cu trc h thng tch hp @Station
Hnh 2-3 Cu trc logic ca h thng @Station
Hnh 2-4 Thi gian p ng ca h thng @Station
Hnh 3-1 Gim st v Gn quyn iu khin cho SCADA
Hnh 3-2 Mn hnh gim st kt ni thng tin
Hnh 3-3 Hin th v thu thp d liu tng t
Hnh 3-4 V d v hin th v thu thp d liu ca My bin p
Hnh 3-5 Ca s mn hnh qun l SOE vi phn gii 1ms
Hnh 3-6 Hin th v phn tch bn ghi s c
Hnh 3-7 Gim st rle v BCU real-time
Hnh 3-8 Ca s mn hnh lin tc cp nht thng s o lng (Nexus)
Hnh 3-9 Ca s mn hnh cp nht gi tr o m cng sut (Nexus)
Hnh 3-10 Ca s mn hnh s ton trm
Hnh 3-11 Ca s mn hnh iu khin ngn vi chc nng kim tra ng b
Hnh 3-12 Ca s mn hnh cnh bo
Hnh 3-13 th xu hng vn hnh trm
Hnh 3-14 Ca s mn hnh t Tag
Hnh 3-15 Ca s mn hnh gim st ngun
Hnh 3-16 Ca s mn hnh gim st ng dy
Hnh 3-17 Bo co ngy
Hnh 3-18 Chc nng sa thi ph ti
Hnh 3-19 Ca s mn hnh thng tin qu kh ca trm
Hnh 3-20 Ca s mn hnh thng tin qu kh ca MBA
Hnh 3-21 Ca s mn hnh thng tin qu kh ca ngn xut tuyn
Hnh 3-22 Ca s cu hnh Profile
Hnh 3-23 Ca s th xu hng
Hnh 3-24 Ca s ci t E-Alarm
Hnh 3-25 Ca s mn hnh Mobile SCADA
Hnh 3-26 V d 1: Real-time Portal Window
Hnh 3-27 V d 2: Real-time Portal Window
Hnh 9-1 SEL-421
Hnh 9-2 SEL-451
Hnh 9-3 SEL-387
Hnh 9-4 SEL-387E

H thng @Station

1-1
1-2
2-2
2-3
2-4
2-5
3-3
3-4
3-11
3-12
3-13
3-14
3-15
3-16
3-16
3-18
3-19
3-21
3-22
3-23
3-24
3-25
3-26
3-27
3-31
3-32
3-33
3-34
3-35
3-36
3-37
3-38
3-39
9-2
9-2
9-3
9-3

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Cng ty H thng k thut ng dng (ATS Co.,Ltd.)

M t k thut

TNG QUAN

1.1

M t h thng gim st iu khin tch hp trm

Cu trc tng quan ca ton b h thng gim st, iu khin tch hp c a ra

di dng s khi nh di y:
Com. Prot/Relay
Screen
-Input/Alarm/Output
status

Alarms Screen
-Active Alarm
Display

Communication
Screen

Clearance Tags
-Apply/Remove
Tags
-Red, Orange,
Yellow, Blue

Station Overview
-Station Layout
-Equipment Status
-Entry Alarm
-Alarm Summary

Sequence of
Events

Detail One-Line
- Control function
- Load Flow
Amps,Volts,Watts,V
ars
- Reclose
Auto/Manual

-SOE Display

Last Trip
Information
-Fault Location and

Additional
Screens (future)
-Statistical Data
-Relay Setting

-Communication

Equipment Screen
-Metering Data
-Control Panel
-Element Blocking
-LO Reset
-Critical Alarm Ind.
-Relay Targets
Display
-Setting Group

Equipment
Operate Screen
-One-Line Load
Flow
-Operate Equipment
(Open/Close)

Manufacture
Screen
-Relay Software

Miscellaneous
Screens
-Battery System
-Relay Instructions
-Switching Pro.
-Login Screen

Metering Data/
Breaker Data
-Energy Data
-Demand
-Equipment Counter
-Breaker Data
-Counters
-Accumulated KA %
-Percentage Wear
Status Data/
Transformer Data
-Environment
Temp.
-Oil & Winding
Temp.
-Tap Position
-Cooling System
Status
-Main Tank Status
-OLTC status
-Aging level
calculation

Hnh 1-1 Cu trc HMI ca h thng tch hp @Station

H thng @Station

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Cng ty H thng k thut ng dng (ATS Co.,Ltd.)

M t k thut

Cc chc nng phn theo cp bc v cc giao din lin kt c m t trong hnh 1.2
ph hp vi tiu chun IEC 61850-1.

Hnh 1-2 M hnh cc giao din v chc nng ca h thng tch hp

ngha cc mc giao din hnh v trn:
IF1:

S trao i d liu bo v gia mc ngn v mc trm.

IF2:

S trao i d liu bo v gia mc ngn v mc thit b bo v.

IF3:

S trao i d liu trong mc ngn.

IF4:

S trao i d liu tc thi gia CT v VT ca mc x l v mc ngn.

IF5:

S trao i d liu iu khin gia mc x l v mc ngn.

IF6:

S trao i d liu iu khin gia mc ngn v mc trm.

IF7:

S trao i d liu gia mc trm v mc t xa.

IF8:

S trao i d liu trc tip gia cc ngn cho cc chc nng yu cu thi gian
nhanh nh lin ng.

IF9:

S trao i d liu trong mc trm.

IF10: S trao i d liu gia mc trm v mc trung tm iu khin t xa.

1.2

Tng th phm vi cung cp ca ATS

Phm vi cung cp c xut bao gm t thit k, sn xut, h tr thi cng lp t v

a vo vn hnh h thng tch hp gim st v iu khin ph hp vi tiu chun ca
EVN.
H thng tch hp @Station cho cc trm bin p n 500kV s c thc hin theo
hp ng cung cp, gim st thi cng a vo vn hnh sau khi hon thnh kim tra
th nghim. Ngoi ra, mt s cc dch v nh training, h tr lp t, th nghim ti nh
H thng @Station

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Cng ty H thng k thut ng dng (ATS Co.,Ltd.)

M t k thut

my v h tr th nghim ti hin trng, cng nh cc ti liu lin quan cng s

c cung cp. Sau y l m t ngn gn tng phn ca h thng tch hp.

1.2.1 H thng gim st iu khin tch hp trm

Mt h thng gim st iu khin tch hp c cho bao gm 4 cp, trong cc chc
nng SCADA/EMS l cp trn cng tun th theo iu khon 1.4.7.1/P.74:
Mc 4: Cc chc nng iu khin ti mc ngn vi cc logic i dy cng tch hp vi
kh nng lp trnh ca cc BCU. Mc ny c kt hp vi cc tn hiu lin ng gia
cc ngn m bo vn hnh an ton mc ngn.
Mc 3: Cc chc nng gim st v iu khin c thc hin vi Logic lin ng mm
mc ngn v gia cc ngn theo cc BCU (Khi iu khin mc ngn) v s trao i
d liu trng thi gia chng. y l mc then cht nht ca h thng lin ng cho
iu khin mc ngn v t bn iu khin cng nh t h thng SCADA. H thng d
phng c cung cp (c th l mng LAN kp) m bo rng bt c mt s c n l
no trn knh thng tin cng khng lm t lit h thng gim st, iu khin v lin ng
trm.
Mc 2: Cc chc nng ng dng, qun tr d liu, gim st v iu khin vi lin ng
mm mc My tnh trm theo cc tnh hung vn hnh quen thuc i vi nhn vin
vn hnh trm.
Mc 1: Cc chc nng gim st v iu khin t h thng SCADA c thc hin vi
Logic lin ng mm ti My tnh trm v gia cc ngn.
Tt c cc chc nng ny s c ch r trong phn 2 n phn 9 ca M t k thut
ny.

1.2.2 Dch v sau bn hng

Cc dch v di y s c cung cp theo yu cu ca cc Cng ty Truyn ti in
v Cng ty in lc:
Training cho ngi s dng v ton b h thng.

Training v bo tr, bo dng v nng cp h thng.

Training v bo tr, bo dng v pht trin phn mm.

Cung cp mt s vt t d phng.

Dch v gim st thi cng lp t v th nghim a vo vn hnh.

Dch v sa cha trong vng 24-gi trong theo Hp ng dch v.

H thng @Station

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Cng ty H thng k thut ng dng (ATS Co.,Ltd.)

M t k thut

CC C TNH THIT K CHNH CA H THNG

Phn ny a ra mt ci nhn tng th v h thng gim st iu khin tch hp trm

(SCMS):
Cng ngh ca h thng gim st iu khin tch hp trm (Substation Control and
Monitoring System - SCMS hoc @Station).

Cc c tnh thit k chnh ca @Station. Cc hnh nh minh ho c s dng

vi mc ch lm r cc gii php trong tng c tnh c th ca h thng.

2.1

Gii php Cng ngh ca @Station

Cc h thng @Station do ATS Co.,Ltd. thit k v pht trin cho cc trm 220kV500kV, vi cc c tnh chnh nh m t di y:
1) H iu hnh dng cho HMI v cc ng dng khc trn Host, Engineering, HIS
server & Gateway l Windows 2000 hoc l phin bn cp nht ca Windows .
2) Tt c cc thit b c lin kt vn hnh bng mng cp quang kp Ethernet
10/100Mbps, mt mng l mng chnh, mt mng lm d phng m bo h
thng mng hot ng lin tc ngay c trong trng hp c bt k mt phn t
n l no ca h thng mng b s c. Mng LAN c h tr cc th tc TCP
/IP, FTP v Telnet.
3) Thit k ca h thng iu khin m bo rng bt k h hng ca mt phn t
n l no cng khng c lm nh hng n hot ng bnh thng ca h
thng.
4) Cc giao thc IEC61850 c la chn lm giao thc truyn tin ca mng LAN
gia cc my tnh ch v cc thit b in t thng minh (IEDs). Giao thc
IEC870-5-101 c thit k cho vic truyn ti cc d liu thi gian thc t c
s d liu trm ln h thng SCADA hin hu. Ngoi ra trong cc trng hp
theo yu cu ca Ch u t th chng ti cng s cung cp cc giao thc kt ni
khc.
5) Cc chc nng iu khin v gim st ca h thng c thc hin bi cc r le
k thut s v/hoc cc BCU.
6) Rle, khi vo ra thc hin chc nng thu thp cc tn hiu cnh bo trong trm.
Cc tn hiu cnh bo phi c thu thp v my tnh ch lu tr v hin th.
Cc d liu cnh bo ng thi c chuyn sang my tnh lu tr c s d liu
qu kh ti trm phc v vic truy xut t xa. Mt phn mm tm kim trn
Web c s dng hin th cc tn hiu cnh bo t xa.
7) Vic treo bin i vi cc thit b c th hin trn mn hnh HMI ca trm. Bn
ghi cc ln treo bin cng c lu tr trong c s d liu qu kh.
8) H thng gim st v iu khin bao gm:
- H thng gim st v iu khin chnh
- H thng gim st v iu khin d phng
- H thng iu khin ti mc ngn vi cc logic i dy cng kt hp kh
nng lp trnh ca cc BCU mc ngn.

H thng @Station

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Cng ty H thng k thut ng dng (ATS Co.,Ltd.)

M t k thut

Hnh 2-1 Khi qut v x l d liu theo IEC-61850 ca h thng @Station

9) Cc chc nng iu khin, gim st v hin th s liu c d phng bi my
tnh ch d phng. Chc nng iu khin v gim st ti trm khng ch da vo
my tnh giao din, ton b cc chc nng iu khin v gim st vn c th thc
hin c thng qua cc b vi x l, cc r le k thut s v/hoc cc b vo ra
v thng qua h thng iu khin kiu i dy truyn thng dng kho chuyn
mch, nt n v n ch th trng thi ti mc ngn.
10) Tt c cc thit b iu khin v my tnh ch c ng b vi ngun tn hiu
thi gian IRIG -B qua v tinh GPS.
11) Giao din ngi-my (HMI) c thit k theo cu trc trong hnh v 1-1. Phn
mm hin th cc ca s thng tin m nh cc k thut vin c th s dng
vn hnh h thng. Cc ca s thng tin c phn thnh lp, cng vo su
thng tin cung cp cng chi tit p ng nhu cu vn hnh ti trm.
12) S mng LAN trm v trng thi ca cc thnh phn mng (Ethernet
Connector, Ethernet Switch, network PCI card, SEL-2702, ...) cng nh kt ni
gia chng c gim st bi Communication Link Manager do ATS pht trin.
13) H thng d liu qu kh (HIS) vi cng ngh client-server cung cp kh nng
pht trin cc ng dng a dng.
14) Tt c cc thit b phn cng c s dng trong h thng (Relay&BCU,
Measuring Unit, Optical Switch, DC/DC converter, RJ45/FO converter,...) c
sn xut theo tiu chun cng nghip vi kh nng chu ng nhiu in t
trng cao v nhit mi trng n +850C.
15) My tnh loi SERVER c s dng cho HMI, Gateway ti SCADA/EMS v
Router ti END-User v mng ca EVN. Thng qua Gateway Server, iu vin
c th d dng truy nhp H thng qun l d liu thi gian thc hoc H thng
d liu qu kh. Gateway cng h tr tnh nng iu khin t xa vi kh nng
cho php hoc cm. Router Server cho php ngi c quyn truy nhp ca EVN
v END-USER gim st trng thi hot ng v thng tin o lng trong trm
thng qua trnh duyt web (c pht trin bi ngi dng hoc cung cp bi
ATS nu yu cu).

H thng @Station

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Cng ty H thng k thut ng dng (ATS Co.,Ltd.)

M t k thut

Hnh 2-2 Khi qut cu trc h thng tch hp @Station

Hnh 2.2 m t khi qut cu trc chung ca h thng, phn b ca cc thit b realtime v off-line trong h thng @Station.

2.2

Cc c tnh thit k chnh ca h thng @Station

2.2.1 Tun th cc tiu chun m v s dng thit b thng dng

Phn mm v phn cng ca h thng c sn xut v pht trin theo cc tiu chun
rng ri trong cng nghip, ch yu l chun ANSI/IEEE, ISO v IEC. iu cho php
EVN dng cc sn phm ca nhiu nh sn xut khc nhau m khng b ph thuc vo
mt nh sn xut chuyn bit no.

2.2.2 tin cy, tnh d phng

Thit k ca h thng m bo Trm vn vn hnh an ton nu xy ra li ca bt c
mt phn t no trong h thng my tnh ch. H thng cng m bo khng c li
mng LAN n l no c th dn n trm lm vic khng an ton.
Giao din ca h thng tch hp c lp vi giao din SCADA, nu xy ra li vi h
thng SCADA, vic gim st iu khin vn c th thc hin ti trm qua HMI.
Kt ni gia cc My tnh ch v cc thnh phn khc ca h thng tch hp c cch
ly v in bng cp quang. Gii php s dng cp quang loi tr kh nng gy li trong
vn hnh do nhiu, s c in t trng, chm t m chng ta thng gp khi s
dng cp ng.

2.2.3 Kh nng m rng

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Cng ty H thng k thut ng dng (ATS Co.,Ltd.)

M t k thut

H thng @Station c kh nng b sung cc chc nng mi m khng lm thay i

h thng cc phn mm ang lm vic. H thng @Station c thit k v pht
trin trong s hp tc cht ch vi cc k s qun l k thut, nhn vin vn hnh, cc
n v qun l vn hnh tng kh nng khai thc, m rng v pht trin ca khch
hng:
M rng h thng s khng lm suy gim tnh m bo, tin cy ca h thng
ang tn ti.

Gim thiu thi gian ct in phc v thi cng lp t v th nghim h thng sau khi
thay i m rng.

M rng h thng s khng yu cu cu trc li phn mm v phn cng ang lm

vic.

Phn mm ng dng gim st, iu khin c thit k mang tnh module ho cao.

2.2.4 Thit k phn cp m

Thit k ca h thng @Station s mang tnh cht phn cp v c tnh m. H thng
cho php thm cc thit b phn cng, phn mm m khng i hi thay th cc thnh
phn chnh ang tn ti nh B x l logic ton trm, h thng bn gim st iu khin,
phn mm h thng.
Cu trc h thng gim st iu khin ca chng ti c m t nh sau:
Giao din ngi s dng
Lp cc ng dng (HIS, SoE, Tnh ton ti, ...)
Giao din ng dng trn d liu lu tr
D liu c lu tr (ti ch hoc t xa)
Giao din x l d liu v lu tr d liu
Lp x l d liu
Giao din IED v lp x l d liu
Mng LAN trm
Thit b in t thng minh (IEDs)
Cc thit b nht th trong h thng
Hnh 2-3 Cu trc logic ca h thng @Station
H thng tch hp c cu trc nh c minh ho trn hnh 2-3. Mc thp nht ca cu
trc l cc thit b IED, dng iu khin v thu thp d liu t cc thit b lp t trong
h thng in. Lp tip theo ca cu trc ny l lp x l ch ca trm c nhim v xc
nh cu hnh v giao tip vi ca cc thit b IED, tin ch v cung cp d liu cho h
thng lu tr d liu. D liu c lu tr l mt h thng qun tr c s d liu c cc
mc truy nhp khc nhau i vi ngi s dng m bo tnh bo mt. Ti nh
ca cu trc ny l cc chng trnh ng dng ca EVN s dng cc d liu ca kho
d liu.

2.2.5 Kh nng nng cp

H thng @Station c tnh nng cp k tha cao. Vi cng cu trc thit k nh vy
cho php Ngi s dng m rng v nng cp, ci tin cc tnh nng, chc nng cng
nh b xung cc phn mm ng dng.

2.2.6 Tnh nng, hiu qu

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Cng ty H thng k thut ng dng (ATS Co.,Ltd.)

M t k thut

H thng @Station c thit k m bo khi tt c cc ng dng u lm vic ti

ca CPU khng vt qu 40% trong iu kin bnh thng v 70% trong tnh trng lm
vic cao.
H thng s dng IEC-61850 Severs cho php cc IEDs c sn xut t nhiu hng
khc nhau hot ng tng thch trn mng LAN chun cng nghip. Tt c cc my
tnh kiu SERVER c ni vi mng LAN v mang cc chc nng tng ng nh HMI
Servers, Engineering Server, HIS and Gateway. H thng cng cung cp mng thng tin
d phng cho cc thit b mc ngn.
Tnh nng trn HMI
Display Response Time
Data Entry Response Time
Display Update Rate
Update Completion Rate
Alarm/Event Response Time
Alarm Acknowledge/Delete Time
Report Response Time
Display Color Printout Response Time
Console Inhibit Time for display
Hardcopy
Analog
Data Collection rate
Status Indication Collection rate

Yu cu

H thng
< @Station
1 second
< 1 second
< 2 second
< 1 second
< 1 second
< 2 second
< 0.5 minute
< 0.5 minute
< 2 second
< 1 second
< 1 second

Hnh 2-4 Thi gian p ng ca h thng @Station

2.2.7 Cp chnh xc
Sai s ca cc thng tin c x l m bo cp chnh xc khng vt qu 1%. Cc gi
tr tng t c o ti BCU c sai s nh hn 0.5% v ti ng h a nng nh hn
0.2% (cp chnh xc 0.2S). phn gii ca chuyn i tng t/ s (A/D) l 16-bit.

2.2.8 ng b thi gian

Tt c cc my tnh trm, cc IED (BCU, ng h o a nng,) c ng b thi
gian t mt ng h GPS. Sai s thi gian ca ng h ch vi GPS tt hn 100ns.

2.2.9 Trch nhim ca ATS

ATS s cung cp cc ti liu m t ton b cc thit b phn cng, phn mm cn thit
cho ca h thng @Station bao gm Relay&BCU, Input/Output module, Substation
Host, HMI, database, source codes.V m bo H thng c xy dng ph hp
vi yu cu ca Ch u t ATS tin hnh th nghim FAT ton b chc nng ca H
thng vi s chng kin ca Ch u t (hoc n v c y quyn) v SAT sau khi
hon thnh lp t ti tram. Ngoi ra cc ti liu hng dn ci t, ti liu hng dn
s dng, bn v hon cng cho tng giai on s c cung cp cho ch u t theo
yu cu.

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Cng ty H thng k thut ng dng (ATS Co.,Ltd.)

M T CHC NNG

3.1

Cu trc chc nng

M t k thut

3.1.1 Tng quan v h thng phn mm

H iu hnh Windows 2000 hoc phin bn cp nht (Microsoft /USA)
H thng iu khin v thu thp d liu - gm cc chc nng hin th, iu khin

v thu thp d liu c bn, cho php vn hnh vin xc nh tnh trng thc ca
thit b v thc hin cc thao tc vn hnh mt cch an ton, chnh xc.
H thng ng dng D liu qu kh (HIS application Subsystem) - bao gm cc

bn ghi d liu qu kh, kh nng play back,...

H thng phn tch (Analysis)
H thng qun l cc s kin (Event, SoE)
H thng gim st thng tin trong mng ca @Station
H thng qun l cnh bo (Alarm)
H thng t v treo bin bo cho thit b (Tagging)
H thng bo co (Report)
H thng gim st tnh trng my ct
Cc ng dng khc cng c th c la chn

Cc phn mm h thng v cc phn mm ng dng c ci t trong cc My tnh

trm, Rle, m-un iu khin, lm gim thiu thi gian p ng v tnh d phng,
hu dng ca thng tin trong h thng. Hn na, h thng @Station s c th cung
cp cc ng dng rng ri cho ngi dng trn WEB da vo h thng thng tin d liu
thi gian thc v qu kh.

3.1.2 Cc c im chung ca phn mm

H thng phn mm @Station s c tnh nng v tnh hu dng cao, d dng s
dng, linh hot cho php m rng.
H thng phn mm @Station c thit k v pht trin theo cc tiu ch di y:
H thng m, tun theo cc chun thc t ph bin trong cng nghip

C kh nng m rng

Tnh thng nht trong ton h thng

D dng nghin cu pht trin v s dng

Nng cao hiu qu qun l ti sn trn c s h thng D liu thu thp v lu tr

c trong h thng

Kh nng trao i d liu vi cc h thng khc, kh nng thu nhn, x l, lu tr d

liu trong nhiu nh dng khc nhau

Tnh m-un ha cao

3.2

Phn mm @Station

3.2.1 Phn mm h thng

3.2.1.1 Thit k h thng m

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Cng ty H thng k thut ng dng (ATS Co.,Ltd.)

M t k thut

Khi nim h thng m (open system) c th hiu n gin l kh nng tch hp cc

phn cng, phn mm ca cc nh sn xut khc nhau trong mt h thng. H thng
tch hp do ATS xy dng v pht trin tun theo cc tiu chun l thuyt v thc t
trong cng nghip c cng nhn trn ton th gii (IEC-61850, IEC-870-5-x, Industrial
Ethernet, Modbus,). iu ny cho php EVN c th nng cp, thay th, m rng tng
phn hoc ton b h thng mt cch linh hot. ng thi End-user khng b ph thuc
qu nhiu vo mt nh cp hng c th no.
3.2.1.2 H iu hnh
H iu hnh Windows 2000 (hoc bn cp nht) c s dng c kh nng h tr
driver cho rt nhiu cc loi vi x l t Intel IA-32, 80x86 v Pentium, n IA-64, hay
Intel Xeon, Itanium v AMD.

3.2.2 Cc phn mm tr gip kt ni thng tin

3.2.2.1 Phn mm kt ni thng tin
AX-S4 MMS c chn thc hin kt ni thng tin v truyn tin. y l phn mm
c pht trin v cung cp bi Systems Integration Specialists Company, Inc. (USA).
AX-S4 MMS cho php truy nhp d liu thi gian thc ti bt k mt thit b no tng
thch IEC-61850 hoc bng phn mm tng thch Window h tr giao din OLE cho
Process Control (OPC) hoc Dynamic Data Exchange (DDE). AX-S4 MMS to cho h
thng @Station mt giao din d liu thi gian thc mc cao cho mc ch tch hp.
Thm ch ta c th copy hot-links ti d liu bng MMS Object Explorer v paste trc
tip vo cc ng dng MS-Office.
3.2.2.2 Kt ni d liu vi trung tm iu
3.2.2.2.1 Kt ni vi h thng SCADA:

H thng tch hp do ATS cung cp c kh nng kt ni vi cc h thng SCADA hin

c nh Trung tm iu h thng in quc gia (NLDC), Trung tm iu h thng
in min (RLDC) theo chun quc t IEC-60870-5-101. Th tc truyn tin IEC-60870-5101 l mt tiu chun ph bin trn ton th gii v c hu ht cc nh cung cp gii
php tch hp a vo trong h thng ca h. Tiu chun ny m bo tng thch vi
h thng SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition System) hay SAS
(Substation Automation System).
thc hin kt ni thng tin vi cc h thng khc, ng dng OPC Server c ci
t trn Gateway/Firewall Server cho php mt hoc nhiu giao din iu khin tng
thch IEC-60870-5-101. Phn mm ny lm vic ging nh RTU (Remote Terminal Unit),
n nhn yu cu iu khin t trung tm iu v thu thp d liu tha hnh lnh
.

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Cng ty H thng k thut ng dng (ATS Co.,Ltd.)

M t k thut

Hnh 3-1 Gim st v Gn quyn iu khin cho SCADA

3.2.2.3 Gim st mng thng tin
3.2.2.3.1 M t chung

Chc nng gim st v thm tra mng thng tin trong h thng s c cung cp nh
m t di y.
Gim st mng thng tin:
C kh nng truy nhp ti thng s ca d liu kt ni thng tin
C th bo tr, sa i cc thng s kt ni
R li kt ni v khi phc kt ni
Hin th dng ho trng thi lm vic ca mng thng tin v cc thit b c

kt ni

Thm nh giao din v knh kt ni

Kim tra v gim st kt ni thng tin ca cc IED

Mt ca s mn hnh thng tin s cho php vn hnh nhn c ton cnh mng thng
tin trong h thng ang hot ng, cung cp cnh bo khi c s c mt kt ni hoc trc
trc ca thit b c kt ni v mt truyn tin. Tham kho hnh v di y:

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Cng ty H thng k thut ng dng (ATS Co.,Ltd.)

M t k thut

Hnh 3-2 Mn hnh gim st kt ni thng tin

3.2.2.3.2 Kh nng kt ni t xa

H thng @Station cho php ngi dng hp php truy nhp bng ng dial-up
thng qua ng in thoi ni ti Gateway Server. Thng qua kt ni t xa ny, ngi
dng c th thu thp cc d liu trong c s d liu ca h thng tch hp, chy cc
chng trnh kim tra, v nhn kt qu t cc chng trnh . Cc chc nng iu
khin s b kho thng qua ng kt ni dial-in ny.
3.2.2.3.3 Bo mt

H thng tch hp c phn quyn truy nhp theo nhiu hn hai mc trn c hai
ng truy nhp ti ch hoc t xa tng tnh bo mt.
Cc truy xut vo h thng s c lu li (logged) km theo cc thng tin iu khin v
thay i cu hnh. Ngi s dng (user) truy nhp vo Substation Gateway phi c
nh ngha trc trong c s d liu theo ID v c kim sot bi nhn vin IT.
Mc cao nht trong h thng l mc Administration, cho php thay i cc thng tin truy
nhp (user, password,) cng nh gn quyn cho cc user.
3.2.2.3.4 Qun l v cu hnh mng thng tin

Mt b tin ch c cung cp cho mc ch cu hnh, gim st ton b mng thng tin

ca h thng m bo rng ng truyn d liu lun thng sut trong cc qu trnh
x l ca h thng.
H thng mng cung cp cc dch v (service) sau:

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Cng ty H thng k thut ng dng (ATS Co.,Ltd.)

M t k thut

1. Transport services cung cp cu trc client /server v trao i d liu vi cc

h thng khc.
2. Remote file access cho php truy nhp ti file theo v tr ca chng.
3. Management of network resources bao gm chy cc phn mm giao din u
cui (terminal), download phn mm t server v khi ng li h thng.
4. Manual and automatic failover s chuyn sang mng d phng, nu c cung
cp.
5. Collect, maintain, and report thng tin v ti ca cc thnh phn theo cu trc
phn phi.
6. System maintenance tools

3.2.3 Phn mm qun tr c s d liu

3.2.3.1 M t chung
H thng qun l c s d liu thi gian thc thu thp d liu t mc trm hoc mc x
l, thng l t h thng iu khin t ng. D liu ny c x l v chuyn i sang
nh dng lu tr nht nh v cho php chuyn i theo nhu cu s dng.
Phn mm qun tr c s d liu cung cp mi trng v cc dch v cn thit nh
ngha, lu tr, sa i, truy xut ton b d liu c chn, x l v lu tr bi cc ng
dng @Station. Nh vy d liu bao gm loi static, fixed data, dynamic, hoc
real-time data, v historical data.
D liu static l cc d liu nh: transformers, power lines, breakers, IEDs, LAN,... N
cng bao gm cc d liu static l cc thng s khc nhau c s dng bi cc
chng trnh ng dng.
D liu real-time bao gm cc d liu c chn v x l bi cc chc nng ca
@Station, cng nh cc kt qu tnh ton t cc trnh ng dng. T , nhn vin c
u quyn ca EVN s c th truy xut cc thng tin thi gian thc v h thng v a ra
cc quyt nh ng n v cn thit.
D liu qu kh (historical data) c x l v lu tr bi Historical Information
System (HIS), cho php nhn vin c u quyn truy xut, m phng, iu tra, nghin
cu, pht trin trn ngun c s d liu .
3.2.3.2 Ngun c s d liu
D liu real-time c la chn t cc Rle, BCU, b x l logic, ng h o m a
nng, m-un u vo h tr Ethernet, s c gi trc tip t MMS n Real-Time
Database Management System hoc t server p dng giao din DDE/OPC ca RealTime Database Management System. Chng ti thit k UDS (Universal Data Server), l
thnh phn c bn ca Real-Time Database Management System, la chn v thu
thp d liu thi gian thc. N lm vic nh mt data server. Vn hnh vin, k thut
vin, cc nh qun l,dng cc ng dng client khc nhau ni ti UDS phc v cho
mc ch cng vic ca mnh.
Trong UDS, s cp nht gi tr mi nht ca mt im d liu no c gi l
snapshot. H thng Snapshot quyt nh khi no th gi tr mi s c cp nht vo
h thng thu thp d liu, v cung cp d liu ti cc ng dng khc ngay khi c
yu cu.
H thng thu nhn d liu s lu tr nhiu ln gi tr o ly mu theo thi gian ca mi
im d liu. Cc im d liu l dng on/off, pressures, flows, temperatures, set
points, ...

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Cng ty H thng k thut ng dng (ATS Co.,Ltd.)

M t k thut

Mt h thng Update Manager gi cc thng tin v s thay i ca gi tr hay c tnh

ti ng dng client hoc mn hnh giao din ang lm vic.
H thng Message ghi li cc tnh trng hoc li ca UDS trong mt file gi l log file.
H thng SQL l mt m-un phn mm x l cc lnh SQL (Structured Query
Language) thng qua ODBC Driver. ODBC Driver cho php client truy xut ti b d liu
Real-Time theo nh dng d liu no c nh trc.
3.2.3.3 Bo tr v sa i c s d liu
ODBC (Open Database Connectivity) - ODBC cung cp mt h giao tip chung kt
ni cc h c s d liu khng ng nht - c s dng giao tip vi Real-Time
Database Management System. Do vic bo tr c s d liu cng tr nn d dng
i vi nhng ngi lm cng tc qun tr d liu vn quen thuc vi h thng c s
theo cc chun pht trin bi Microsoft.
3.2.3.4 Qun l c s d liu thi gian thc
H thng qun l c s d liu thi gian thc s:
Hiding the data characteristics (n du cc c tnh d liu) nh a ch vt l, cc
mode a ch gip to thun li cho pht trin cc trnh ng dng mi

Defining the data in an easy manner Nng cao hiu qu trong vic nh loi file,
kiu truy xut file, v to ra s lin kt ni b gia cc file,

Accessing the data via queries Cch truy vn d liu cho php thu nhn nhiu
thng tin theo nhu cu m khng cn ti bt k mt ngn ng lp trnh c th no.

Ensuring data security Tnh an ton ca d liu, v d passwords v quyn truy

xut ti cc file, th mc hay vng d liu, s c thc thi m bo rng s truy
xut c u quyn.

Ensuring data integrity m bo tnh nguyn vn ca d liu.

Promoting data independence C kh nng thay i cu trc d liu m khng cn

thay i cc phn mm h thng hay phn mm tr gip d liu.

Assuring performance and efficiency m bo hiu qu x l d liu khng b nh

hng bi kch c ca n.

Recovery Kh nng khi phc d liu trong trng hp h thng b s c.

3.2.4 Phn mm h tr giao din ngi dng

3.2.4.1 Yu cu chung
Giao din ngi dng (User Interface) c hiu nh l phn to ra s kt ni gia
ngi dng v cc chng trnh gim st, iu khin ca h thng @Station, cng
nh cc trnh ng dng khc. User Interface cho php gim st v iu khin h thng
in, truy xut ti cc thng tin lu tr trong c s d liu mt cch n gin v d tip
cn. Tt c cc trnh ng dng ca h thng @Station u tng thch chy trn h
iu hnh Window c s dng.
Thit k ca cc ca s mn hnh c th c thay i v ti s dng. Cc ca s mn
hnh ny cho php chy cc trnh ng dng, xem li cc thng tin, tng kt s kin theo
d liu, theo di gim st thng tin thi gian thc v h thng in, v s dng li d
liu qu kh.
User Interface c kh nng ngay lp tc phn nh li bng cc ch th nh sng /m
thanh i vi cc s kin do vn hnh vin hoc h thng in gy ra.
Nhn vin vn hnh c php thc hin bt k hot ng no bt k thi im no
ngoi tr cc chc nng iu khin t ng ang lm vic. Cc tn hiu dng Message
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M t k thut

hay Warning s khng c gii hn theo tun t thi gian. Trng thi ca cc hot ng
lin quan n vn hnh h thng in c thu thp v s lin tc bo cho vn hnh
vin ngay trn mn hnh cnh bo.
Chi tit v thng tin c th c trnh by theo nhiu mc tu theo nhu cu ca vn
hnh vin ti tng thi im. Mt s phm tt cng s c cu hnh cho mc ch theo
di, gim st nhanh trong cc trng hp khn cp.
3.2.4.2 M t hot ng vn hnh
Nhn vin vn hnh c u quyn s c php truy nhp ti tt c cc thng tin ca
h thng, v c th a ra cc lnh iu khin thit b. Cc chc nng lin ng mm
c thc hin v c th a ra cnh bo trong vn hnh m bo kt qu ca thao
tc vn hnh l ng, trnh gy s c trong h thng in.
Thng tin v h thng c th c truy nhp t cc workstation ni ti mng LAN ca
trm, tu theo cc vng p ng c ch nh trc (Area of Responsibility).
Mi mn hnh c th c thit k cho cc mc ch ring nh:
Thu thp d liu

Gim st v iu khin

La chn v chy cc trnh ng dng

Ngi dng c th truy xut d liu, ra lnh iu khin bng con tr theo kiu look-andfeel v point-and-click rt d dng.
Tt c cc lnh a vo hoc cc truy xut d liu u c kim tra thng qua mc
ngi dng v m hot ng tng ng m bo an ton.
Tt c cc chc nng c th lm thay i trng thi thit b hoc d liu trong c s d
liu s c thc hin theo tng bc tun t c kim tra, xc nhn.
Lnh iu khin c thit k theo khi nim select and check before operate (SBO).
Cc bc thao tc sai s c cnh bo bng error message v lnh s khng c
thc hin. mt thi im no ngi dng c th thot khi trnh t lnh ang thao
tc bng cch nhn nt c thit k trc cho mc ch ny.
Cui cng, s c cc Alarm v Event file vi m t xc nh theo user, ngy /gi
c a ra, lu tr sau cc thao tc vn hnh. V d, khi ra lnh iu khin ng /m
my ct hot ng c th thnh cng hoc khng. Khi Alarm v Event file s c
sinh ra lu gi cc thng tin ny. N c th c to ra v lu gi c cc thay i c u
qun hoc khng u quyn.
Phn mm giao din ngi dng, trong cc vng p ng (Area of Responsibility) xc
nh s m bo:
a vo vn hnh hoc c lp cc thit b c iu khin

Quan st cc thng s c gim st bi h thng

t cc bin bo, bin cm

Xc nhn, lu hoc xo cc s kin alarm

B qua hoc bt chc nng gim st thit b

Pht m thanh gy ch trong trng hp c alarm hoc cc s kin quan trng

a ra hoc khi phc tr li cc thit b c gim st, iu khin hay cc thnh

phn khc ca h thng @Station.

Trnh by trng thi ca cc thit b ngoi vi, cc IED v cc kt ni thng tin trong h
thng.

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M t k thut

Hin th cc cnh bo mi nht, khi alarm list b y h thng s t ng xo cc

cnh bo c nht lu gi cnh bo mi.

Hin th tt c cc im ca h thng c gim st (tagged). Mi im d liu s

bao gm cc tag cnh bo tng ng.

H thng c kh nng in ra cc mn hnh, bo co s kin, Trong trng hp mt

bo co cn in ra c cc gi tr c th c cp nht v t thit b th qu trnh in s
din ra sau khi qu trnh cp nht d liu c hon thnh.

3.2.4.3 Cc mn hnh c bn
H thng c th hin th rt nhiu cc mn hnh giao din nh di y:
S mt si ca trm (Substation one-line diagrams)

Trng thi cc IED v cc ng kt ni thng tin

Cnh bo

S gim st v iu khin mc ngn

th xu hng qu kh v thi gian thc

Hin th d liu qu kh vi phn gii cao.

To cc bo co vn hnh trm

Gim st, truy cp thit b v h thng ng b GPS

3.2.5 Qun l v cu hnh h thng tch hp

Phn mm cu hnh h thng c pht trin bi ATS nh ngha cc thnh phn v
c tnh ca cc ng dng trong h thng tch hp. Cc nh ngha ca cc thnh phn
ng dng (nh m ngun, nh dng hin th,) c qun l v lu tr di dng file
trn a cng.
Cc thnh phn ca h thng tch hp u c kh nng t kim tra v cnh bo khi c
li. Cc chng trnh ng dng v h iu hnh c gim st v c kh nng khi
ng li trong trng hp c trc trc phn mm.

3.2.6 Cng c bo dng h thng

Cc cng c bo dng trong h thng tch hp do ATS cung cp cho php ngi c u
quyn thay i, chnh nh cc thng s ca h thng v cc thng s ca IED.
Ch duy nht cc nhn vin k thut lm bo v v iu khin c u quyn mi c kh
nng truy nhp h thng lm thay i cc thng s chnh nh ca cc IED.
H thng tch hp cng c kh nng m, ghi li cc s thay i ci t trong h thng.

3.2.7 Kh nng bo tr
Ti liu thit k, hng dn vn hnh, bo dng h thng s c cung cp y .
H thng c thit k m bo s thay th ca cc thnh phn li khng lm nh
hng ti vn hnh ca ton h thng.
Cc ti liu c cung cp cng vi o to vn hnh h thng cho php cc k s ca
EVN t c kh nng bo dng h thng.
H thng tch hp s t ng ghi li cc thay i ci t, chnh nh trong h thng, bao
gm thi gian, m t ca s thay i v nguyn nhn, i tng lm thay i.

3.2.8 Cc tiu chun v quy phm

H thng v cc phn mm h tr s tun theo cc tiu chun v quy pham sau y:
IEEE/POSIX (IEEE 1003.1, 1990; POSIX Federal Information FIPS - 151-1)
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ISO/OSI (Open System Interconnection) conforming to ITU

IEEE 802.3 for LAN (or the equivalent ISO/IEC 8802-3)

TCP/IP

X.25

IEC-60870-5-101

IEC-60870-4

IEC-61850

V cc tiu chun khc c yu cu trong h s mi thu.

3.3

M t k thut

Cc vng p ng (Areas of Responsibility)

H thng tch hp @Station c cung cp s c th c p dng nh mt phn

trong h thng gim st iu khin t ng qui m ln hn. H thng lin tc a ra,
cp nht v cho php truy nhp ti ch hoc t cc client bn ngoi trong h thng ln
hn.
Cc thng tin c la chn v lu tr bi h thng c th c dng tr gip lp k
hoch vn hnh h thng, hoc cho mc ch nghin cu, pht trin,. Tuy nhin s
truy nhp cc chc nng khc ca h thng ngoi gii hn mc ch s dng tng ng
l b ngn chn. Do vy s hnh thnh cc user c mc u quyn khc nhau v c
php lm vic trn cc areas of responsibility khc nhau tu theo mc ch.
Mt s loi user c u quyn di y c cung cp:
Vn hnh vin (Operator)

K s h tr vn hnh (Operations Support Engineers)

Nhng ngi s dng vi mc ch khc

K s bo dng h thng (System Maintenance Engineers)

3.3.1 Vn hnh vin

Vn hnh vin c quyn truy nhp tt c cc thng tin thu c t h thng @Station,
v c quyn gim st, thc hin cc lnh iu khin, t cc bin cnh bo, bin cm
hoc truy xut h thng d liu qu kh, chy cc trnh ng dng. Tuy nhin s thay i
cu hnh thng s phn mm s b gii hn.

3.3.2 K s h tr vn hnh
H c php chy cc trnh ng dng gim st, phn tch v iu hnh. V vy k s
tr gip vn hnh c kh nng truy nhp h thng cng nh cc trnh ng dng off-line
trn h thng. H c php truy nhp x l d liu qu kh t HIS bng SQL hay cc
giao din khc c cung cp bi HIS. Kh nng iu khin thit b trc tip ca cc K
s h tr vn hnh l khng c php.

3.3.3 K s bo tr h thng
Mc user ny c php thm nhp vo tt c cc thnh phn ca h thng, cng nh
cc chc nng ca h thng ngoi tr vic tc ng trc tip ti thit b nht th trong
h thng in.
Kh nng Pass-Through ti cc IED
H thng tch hp cho php truy xut ti cc IED ring bit m khng nh hng ti vn
hnh ca thit b.

3.3.4 Mc user cho cc mc ch khc

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M t k thut

Mc user ny c th thu nhn thng tin ca h thng @Station cho cc mc ch xc

nh, v d cc biu ph ti cho mc ch s dng ca iu vin. H c kh nng
truy nhp x l d liu qu kh t HIS bng SQL hay cc giao din khc c cung cp
bi HIS. Kh nng iu khin thit b trc tip, thay i cu hnh h thng, chy cc
phn mm ng dng, ca cc user ny l khng c php.

3.4

H thng iu khin v thu thp d liu

(Data Acquisition and Control - DAC)

H thng DAC lin quan ti cc chc nng thu thp d liu, x l, hin th v lu tr.
Thu thp v x l d liu c thc hin bi my tnh trm (IEC-61850 Servers), cc
IED, h thng mng Ethernet LAN v cc kt ni thng tin kiu Serial.
H thng DAC c kh nng lm vic trn ton b d liu m khng lm suy gim tnh
nng v nh hng ti cc chc nng khc trn @Station. Mi data message cho
php d v duyt li cc iu kin li nh: li p ng sai, li mng thng tin, li phn
cng,

3.4.1 X l v thu thp d liu (Data Acquisition and Processing)

H thng DAC s lc, chuyn i dng d liu cng nh x l tnh ton cc d liu cho
cc ng dng khc trong trm. Mt b d liu trm c xy dng ngay trong
Substation Computer phc v mc ch on-line v historical data. Giao din v s
trao i d liu gia @Station v h thng SCADA hoc mng cc b ca END-User
cng c tnh n. Th tc truyn tin theo chun IEC-870-5-101 c dng cho vic
trao i thng tin gia cc trm hay vi h thng SCADA.
Di y l cc loi d liu c x l bi h thng:
D liu analog c report theo IEC61850

D liu trng thi c report theo IEC61850

D liu dng tch lu

D liu analog c tnh ton

D liu trng thi c tnh ton

D liu t nhp liu

D liu c s dng cu trc

Ngoi ra cn c cc dng khc c h tr:

Ch th trng thi ly mu theo thi gian

Cc hm ton hc, logic c dng trong tnh ton

Gim st trao i d liu IED

Cung cp d liu cho web

3.4.1.1 D liu dng analog

H thng tch hp s c kh nng thu nhn cc d liu tng t chng hn nh in
p, dng in, cng sut tc dng v phn khng trn c 3 pha ca tng thit b thng
qua cc IED.
H thng tch hp cng phi c kh nng thu nhn thm cc tn hiu tng t nh nhit
du MBA v cun dy, nhit mi trung xung quanh v cc i lng tng t
khc t cc ngun khng phi IED. H thng c th thu nhn c cc d liu tng t
c phn di cao phn nh v cht lng in nng v nh gi cc hot ng sa
cha, bo dng.

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M t k thut

H thng tch hp s thu nhn cc d liu t cc thit b IED v cc thit b vo /ra (I/O).
Vic thu thp d liu t thit b IED c tin hnh bng th tc report ca tiu chun
IEC61850.
chnh xc ca cc tn hiu tng t ca h thng tch hp s c m bo sai s
1%.
Cc thng tin tn hiu tng t ti thiu c yu cu nh sau:
Cc thng tin v my bin p:
Cc dng in ABCN ba pha (Cng v gc pha)

in p cc pha ABC ba pha

Cng sut tc dng ba pha

Cng sut phn khng ba pha

Cc thng tin v cc xut tuyn:

Dng in cc pha ABCN (cng v gc pha)

Cng sut tc dng

Cng sut phn khng

Cc i lng c o, c hin th bao gm ln, gc pha ca dng in 3 pha

(n v Ampere), in p pha -t (tnh bng Volt), in p pha -pha (tnh bng Volt),
cng sut tc dng v cng sut phn khng ca tng pha v ca c 3 pha (tnh bng
MWs v MVArs), gi tr dng in ph ti nh.
V d v ca s mn hnh hin th cc gi tr tng t:

Hnh 3-3 Hin th v thu thp d liu tng t

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M t k thut

3.4.1.2 Ch th trng thi

H thng tch hp s thu nhn cc ch th trng thi ca cc thit b cng nh cc ch th
thay i trng thi thit b . Ch th trng thi s c so snh vi gi tr lu tr thi
im trc . V d, h thng cnh bo cho vn hnh vin khi thit b b s c hay qu
ti, gy mt in i vi khch hng.
H thng tch hp nhn cc tn hiu trng thi ca tt c cc thit b trong trm bng
dch v report ca IEC61850.

Hnh 3-4 V d v hin th v thu thp d liu ca My bin p

3.4.1.3 Trng thi ly mu theo thi gian v SoE
Cc IED trong h thng tch hp s ghi li cc s kin c ci t trc v cho php
@Station thu thp cc s kin ny, chng hn nh tn hiu ct ca rle hay tn hiu
cnh bo, to ra cc bn thng bo ghi trnh t cc s kin gn lin vi thi gian xy ra.
Mu thi gian ca s kin xc nh trnh t thc t xy ra ca cc s kin nh
thi im khi ng rle, thi im m my ct.
H thng tch hp thu thp cc d liu SOE t mi thit b IED v cc thit b vo /ra
khc, ngay sau to ra danh sch cc s kin t tt c cc thit b IED theo trnh t
thi gian thc.
Thi gian gn cho d liu SOE ca cc thit b IED c ng b trong mt trm v
gia cc trm vi chnh xc ms bng ng h v tinh GPS.

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M t k thut

Hnh 3-5 Ca s mn hnh qun l SOE vi phn gii 1ms

3.4.1.4 Phn tch s kin
H thng tch hp c cung cp c kh nng thu nhn, ghi li nhng thng s nhiu
trong h thng nh SOE, cc bn ghi ca tng s kin, do cc IED cung cp. Cc
thng tin ny c th c truyn ti nhng v tr xc nh cho mc ch phn tch nh
phng rle, phng iu ,
Di y l v d v mt bn ghi s kin c thu thp t phn mm SEL-5040:

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M t k thut

Hnh 3-6 Hin th v phn tch bn ghi s c

3.4.1.5 Nhp liu bng tay
Nhn vin vn hnh c th nhp cc thng tin trng thi bng tay, v d i vi tip a
di ng, khi t xong vn hnh vin c th cp nht thng tin vo h thng cho mc ch
to lin ng, lu tr,
Trng thi ca cc yu t c t bng tay s hin th trn mn hnh giao din v cc
thng tin v trng thi thay i c lu tr trong c s d liu.
3.4.1.6 Trao i d liu vi cc Non-IEC61850
IEC-61850 servers c th c ng dng lm giao din trung gian gia cc NonIEC61850 IED v @Station cho php thu thp nh k bt k mt loi d liu no
c a ra bi IED ph hp vi chun.

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M t k thut

Hnh 3-7 Gim st rle v BCU real-time

3.4.1.7 Hin th thng tin o lng
Cc rle s v cc b o m in t cung cp cc thng s o lng chnh xc cao
cho HMI v mn hnh hin th ngay mt trc ca thit b. Cc gi tr o c th c
gim st gm: dng in ba pha, in p ba pha, cng sut tc dng, cng sut phn
khng, tn s,
Cc thng s ny c cung cp di nhiu dng hin th khc nhau: hin th dng s,
dng bng biu, dng th xu hng v ngay trn s mt si ca trm.
Ca s mn hnh o lng ca h thng tch hp cho php vn hnh vin c th gim
st cc i lng o sau:
1. in p cc thanh ci
2. Dng in pha, trung tnh, cng sut phn khng, cng sut tc dng, ca
cc ngn xut tuyn
3. in p, dng ti cc pha ca my bin p
4. Cc thng s khc nh: nhit du, cun dy my bin p, v tr nc phn p,
nhit mi trng,
Do tnh cht quan trng ca cc thng s o lng trong vn hnh trm, cc IED cng
cung cp cc i lng o ny trn mn hnh hin th LCD ngay ti mc ngn.

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M t k thut

Hnh 3-8 Ca s mn hnh lin tc cp nht thng s o lng (Nexus)

Hnh 3-9 Ca s mn hnh cp nht gi tr o m cng sut (Nexus)

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M t k thut

3.4.2 iu khin gim st

3.4.2.1 M t chung
Cc lnh iu khin gim st c thc hin bi vn hnh vin ti mn hnh iu khin
theo dng ho. Lnh ny c kim tra lin ng v gi ti thit b chp hnh (BCU).
Lnh iu khin khng tho mn s b ngn chn v c cnh bo phn hi.
Cnh bo ny, hoc kt qu ca thao tc vn hnh s c hiu nh l s kin nhng
khng gy ra cc cnh bo kiu s c trong h thng.
Cc bc iu khin gim st s theo trnh t sau:
Display schematic diagram or tabular display Hin th s trn mn hnh.

Select the device for remote control by means of cursor positioning Chn thit b
c iu khin theo mn hnh a ra, yu cu iu khin s b b qua khi gp mt
trong cc s kin sau:
Thit b c chn khng phi loi c th iu khin c
Thit b ang treo bin cm thao tc
Thit b chp hnh (BCU) ang b s c
Yu cu iu khin khng tho mn cc iu kin v lin ng trong vn hnh
Ht thi gian iu khin (gi tr ny c th t trc)

Invalid requests shall result in a message showing the reason for rejection and the
cancellation of the point selection Cnh bo bng message c a ra cho vn
hnh vin trong trng hp khng thc hin c lnh iu khin nhm nhanh
chng xc nh nguyn nhn c th.

Change the color and blinking attribute of the affected device on the schematic
diagram if the operation has been performed correctly Hnh nh v thit b c
iu khin s thay i mu sc, nhp nhy trn mn hnh bo cho nhn vin vn
hnh bit iu khin thnh cng thit b.

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M t k thut

Hnh 3-10 Ca s mn hnh s ton trm

3.4.2.2 Cc chc nng iu khin gim st
Cc chc nng iu khin c cung cp s gm:
1. Device Control Kh nng iu khin thit b theo areas of responsibility,
lnh iu khin do thao tc ca c nhn khng c u quyn s b ngn chn.
trnh trng hp lp li ca mt lnh iu khin t cc mn hnh iu
khin khc nhau, im iu khin c chn s bo busy i vi tt c
nhng ngi s dng khc trong areas of responsibility, n tn khi thao tc
iu khin ny kt thc.
a. Open/Close Commands Lnh iu khin ng m s tun theo kiu
Select Before Operate (SBO)
b. Forced Operation Cho php iu khin trong trng hp nhn vin
vn hnh xc nhn thao tc v tnh trng cc thit b lin quan n thao tc
iu khin ny hon ton ng, b qua logic lin ng ti HMI
2. Interlocks Condition Verification ngn chn tai nn cho ngi vn hnh
v trnh s c gy ra do thao tc vn hnh, tt c cc thao tc iu khin s
c kim tra logic lin ng trc khi thi hnh.
H thng tch hp cng c kh nng gim st iu kin ca h thng trong
qu trnh iu khin, cnh bo v nhng thay i khng mong mun trong
h thng, c th nh hng trc tip n thao tc iu khin. Chc nng gim
st ny s t ng ngn chn lnh iu khin trong trng hp ny trnh
tai nn v ngi v ph hu thit b do s c. Vng cu hnh c gim st c
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M t k thut

th theo mc in p, hoc trong ton b trm bao gm cc thit b c kim

tra trong iu kin lin ng ca thao tc iu khin.

Hnh 3-11 Ca s mn hnh iu khin ngn vi chc nng kim tra ng b

3.4.2.3 Tun t iu khin thit b
H thng @Station cho php vn hnh vin nh ngha th t iu khin thit b. iu
ny cho php m rng thao tc vn hnh: iu khin thit b, t tn, thay th.
Th t iu khin thit b c th bao gm mt hoc nhiu thao tc vn hnh, theo tun
t thi gian. Khi th t vn hnh c chun b v lu tr, nhn vin vn hnh c
th s dng chng bt c lc no. Th t vn hnh s c chun b cho ton h thng
i vi cc thao tc vn hnh c lp k hoch.
Th t iu khin s c kh nng lp biu cho nhiu thao tc iu khin cho mc ch
t ng thi hnh theo th t nh trc:
ng /m my ct hoc iu khin dao cch ly, tip a c iu khin

Tng gim nc phn p ca my bin p

Ch lnh iu khin thi hnh n tn khi vn hnh vin gi lnh iu khin tip theo

Kim tra iu kin trc khi thi hnh

3.4.3 Cnh bo
Gim st cc cnh bo pht sinh trong qu trnh vn hnh l rt quan trng, c bit
trong tnh trng h thng cp in b gin on. Mt s kin (Event) s c sinh ra
trong mi tnh hung, cnh bo (Alarm) l mt trong cc kiu s kin.
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M t k thut

3.4.3.1 S kin c cnh bo

Cc s kin c cnh bo gm:
Bt k mt s thay i trng thi khng mong mun no xy ra

Bt k s yu cu hay ch th no v s thay i im iu khin khng do u vo

tng ng, trong mt khong thi gian nh trc.

Bt k gi tr tng t no vi phm ngng cnh bo c c nh ngha bi

nhn vin vn hnh.

Trng thi vn hnh ca bt k thit b trm no khng nh trc hoc khng do

thao tc ca nhn vin vn hnh.

3.4.3.2 iu kin cnh bo v phn loi cnh bo

H thng @Station c hai loi cnh bo khc nhau (critical v non-critical alarms). Vn
hnh vin c kh nng gn cc cnh bo ny vi cc tn hiu u vo hay cc thit b.
Trng thi thit b thay i bi thao tc vn hnh c th c cn nhc nh l mt s
kin. V vy cnh bo s c sinh ra trong tng iu kin c th v theo account ngi
dng tng ng:
Cnh bo s c a ra di dng m thanh v hnh nh, bng cch ngi vn
hnh c th nhanh chng xc nh v phn loi s kin.

S thay i trng thi khng d nh ca bt k thnh phn no s gy ra hnh nh

biu tng nhp nhy trn mn hnh HMI.

S nhp nhy ch th cho mt cnh bo no cha c xc nhn

(unacknowledged). Khi n s gy s ch cho vn hnh vin ti thi im

Mi cnh bo, ph thuc vo Area of Responsibility m n c gn, s c xc

nhn (acknowledged) bi ngi s dng, v ph thuc vo mc truy nhp h thng
ca ngi s dng .

Cnh bo s vn tn ti n d iu kin gy ra n khng cn duy tr

Cnh bo s c th c nh ngha v phn ra theo critical, important v noncritical trong cc loi khc nhau, tng t nh my pht, truyn ti v phn phi.
Theo s phn loi ny, c th theo di ring cc cnh bo ny hoc in ra ring bit
cc bo co.

Ngi dng c th thay i cc loi cnh bo, nh hng v ti nh hng chng

ti cc bn gim st iu khin hay thit b u ra khc nhau (v d nh my in).

Khng c tnh hung cnh bo no cha c xc nhn c th lm gim tnh nng

hoc lm ngng h thng

Bt k s vi phm gi tr gii hn no ca mt trong cc thng s vn hnh c

nh trc s to ra cc ch th tng ng v c lu li trong Event file.

Xc nhn cnh bo ch c thc hin duy nht bi nhn vin vn hnh ang truy
nhp c u quyn

Xc nhn cnh bo s lm ngng biu tng nhp nhy tng ng hoc i mu

ca n v trng thi bnh thng.

C th nhanh chng tt m thanh cnh bo ch bng mt thao tc rt n gin.

3.4.3.3 Ca s mn hnh cnh bo

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M t k thut

Cnh bo c a ra vi cc thng tin phn loi r rng, nguyn nhn gy ra,

ngi s dng nhanh chng xc nh v x l tnh hung. Cnh bo v list cc s kin
c a ra theo th t thi gian, t nht s bao gm cc thng tin sau:
Ngy gi xy ra cnh bo

Tn, nhm thit b

Tn ring ca yu t gy cnh bo

M t s lc v tnh hung cnh bo

Hnh 3-12 Ca s mn hnh cnh bo

3.4.4 th xu hng (Trending)

H thng DAC bao gm chc nng v ra th xu hng. Cc th xu hng ny c
th ly d liu t HIS ( th qu kh) hoc d liu thi gian thc ( th dng on-line).

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M t k thut

Hnh 3-13 th xu hng vn hnh trm

3.4.5 Bin bo, bin cm (Tagging)

H thng cho php t bin bo, bin cm i vi my ct, dao cch ly, phc v cng
tc duy tu bo dng. H thng @Station thng s dng bn loi tags: Red, Yellow,
Purple, v Blue. Red Tag dng cm thao tc ng ct cho my ct hoc dao cch ly.
Yellow Tag c dng cho cc cng vic hot-line. Yellow Tag p dng cho my ct s
kho chc nng t ng ng li n tn khi n c v hiu ho. Purple Tag c
dng vi mc ch ch th, n c th c p dng ti cc ngn phn on. Blue Tag
c p dng trn mn hnh HMI, vi mc ch cung cp cc thng tin h tr cho nhn
vin vn hnh. Chc nng Tagging cho php ngi dng nhp vo cc thng tin sau:
1. Job /Permit Number Cng vic (s k hiu)
2. Date - Thi gian
3. Purpose - Mc ch
4. "Tagged by" and "Tagged for" Information Nhn vin t Tag

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M t k thut

.
Hnh 3-14 Ca s mn hnh t Tag

3.4.6 Gim st ngun trong trm

H thng @Station gim st cc v cung cp cc thng tin v cc phn khc trong
trm, c th l h thng phn phi ngun AC/DC.

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M t k thut

Hnh 3-15 Ca s mn hnh gim st ngun

3.4.7 Phn mm gim st my bin p v ng dy truyn ti

Phn mm ny s c cung cp nh mt tnh nng mua b xung. Kh nng mang ti
ca my bin p c tnh ton da theo tnh trng lm vic ca n theo ti, nhit
mi trng, gii hn t trc im hot-spot v mc cch in. T , cung cp nhng
thng tin cn thit cho iu vn hnh h thng.
ng dy truyn ti bao gm nhiu thnh phn nh dy dn, ct, x, s, u ni,
Mi trng m ng dy truyn ti in i qua cng rt khc nhau nh ng bng,
trung du, i ni, vi nhiu iu kin thi tit khc nhau: nng, gi, ma, Tt c cc
iu kin, yu t nh hng nht nh n kh nng mng ti ca ng dy truyn
ti.
Chng trnh tnh ton on-line kh nng mang ti ca ng dy, my bin p c
vit bng Delphi hoc Visual C, cho php vn hnh vin nm c hot ng ca
ng dy, my bin p trong iu kin xc nh, my bin p c th tip tc vn
hnh bao lu, ng dy c th mang ti n nh trong bao nhiu gi,
D liu c s dng cho tnh ton l cc d liu on-line (hot-spot winding temp., top-oil
temp., ambient temp., load current, ).
Di y l mn hnh giao din ca chng trnh gim st kh nng mang ti ca
ng dy v my bin p:

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M t k thut

Hnh 3-16 Ca s mn hnh gim st ng dy

3.4.8 In bo co, nht k vn hnh

3.4.8.1 To bo co
H thng s c kh nng to bo co p ng theo cc nhu cu di y.
To cc bo co trc tuyn (On-line) v cc tnh trng li o lng, cc gi tr o thi
gian thc c cp nht,

To bo co Off-line bi tch nng ca phn mm SQL tch hp sn trong h thng.

Cc bo co c th c sinh ra theo nhu cu hoc theo thi gian biu nh trc. Bo

co a ra bao gm thng tin v thi gian, v c th trnh by trn mn hnh hoc in ra
my in cng nh chuyn thnh cc nh dng khc theo la chn ca ngi dng.
H thng bo co c th to ra cc hnh nh dng ho 2-D hoc 3-D, cho php chn
mu, chn ton b hoc mt vi trang hay tng vng nht nh in ra.
Kh nng thc hin cc tnh ton s hc, logic, i vi cc loi d liu nht nh cng
c cung cp.
Ngi dng cng c th nhp d liu bng tay, thay i cc cng thc tnh ton theo
nhu cu s dng. Cc cng thc c tnh ton trc s t ng c tnh li theo cc
gi tr mi.
Nhn vin vn hnh c th lp biu ngy, gi to ra cc bo co. Bt k mt bo co
no cng c th c vn hnh vin in ra trn my in.
Di y l cc kiu to ra bo co:
Theo thi gian biu

Theo s kin

Theo yu cu ca iu

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M t k thut

3.4.8.2 Copy mn hnh

Nhn vin vn hnh c th copy, chp mn hnh ang hin th ca h thng, bao gm
hnh nh, thng s, v lu tr hoc in ra my in.
3.4.8.3 Nht k vn hnh
Trn nht k vn hnh, nhn vin vn hnh c th lu cc thng tin v cc s kin, cc
ghi ch lin quan n qu trnh vn hnh. Theo u quyn vn hnh, ngi dng c th
truy nhp nht k vn hnh ghi vo hay in ra cc thng tin ny khi cn thit.
H thng c kh nng ghi li cc thng tin nh iu kin ti, nhit , tnh trng lm vic
ca rle bo v, thit b iu khin, theo lch biu. Cc thng tin ny c th c
truyn v trung tm iu theo yu cu.
Ngoi ra, cc thng tin ghi chp bng tay cng c cho php. Cc thng tin ny c th
l cc hot ng din ra trong trm nh vic thc thi cc phiu cng tc, thi gian ra vo
trm, nhim v cng tc, khu vc cng tc,
Hot ng bo dng my ct, lnh ng m dao cch ly c ghi li trong nht k vn
hnh. H thng tch hp s t ng ghi li cc thao tc iu khin. Trong thc t, phiu
vn hnh thao tc ng ct thit b c vit bi iu vin v c th c loading
ti trm. Cc hot ng bo dng my ct c ghi li bng tay.
Nht k vn hnh din ra lin tc 24h trong ngy v c th la chn khong thi gian
xem v in ra. Bo co s bao gm cc loi d liu sau:
- in nng tiu th, tng cng sut tc dng v cng sut phn khng ca cc ngn
vo /ra my bin p v cc ngn my bin p trong trm.
- Tnh trng ti, dng ti min, max, cng sut tc dng, phn khng ca cc ngn xut
tuyn.
- in p cc thanh ci, in p min, max.

Hnh 3-17 Bo co ngy

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M t k thut

3.4.9 Sa thi v khi phc ph ti

Mc ch ca chc nng sa thi ph ti l ngay lp tc sa thi cc ngn cp in khng
u tin trong trng hp khng cng sut ngun vn hnh h thng n nh, v
khi phc dch v cp in khi tnh trng ny khng cn duy tr. Chc nng ny c lp
vi chc nng phi hp bo v sa thi ph ti theo tn s thp.
Mi nhm ti d nh sa thi s c gn tn ring, c chc nng ring bt hoc tt
ch sa thi ph ti v c ch th cho vn hnh vin gim st cc chc nng ny .

Chc nng sa thi

ph ti

Hnh 3-18 Chc nng sa thi ph ti

3.5

H thng d liu qu kh (HIS)

3.5.1 c im chung
H thng d liu qu kh (HIS) l mt b d liu v tt c cc thng tin trong qu trnh
vn hnh trm. HIS c xy dng theo cng ngh client-server.
Phn mm HIS c dng trong h thng c pht trin t Plant Information do OSI
Inc. (USA) cung cp.
HIS s c kh nng lu tr d liu v tt c cc thng tin a ra t h thng real-time
v h thng in. D liu s c lu tr ng phn gii nh dng ban u trong
thi gian 5 nm. H thng h tr cc loi d liu dng: integer, float 32 bits, float 64,
float 16, Boolean, Digital state cc loi d liu c nh ngha bi ngi dng. a mc
truy nhp cng nh cc kh nng ngn chn khc i vi cc truy nhp khng c u
quyn l mt u th ca h thng HIS.
By exception - Kh nng lu tr nhng thay i xy ra trong h thng in trong
ngng c nh ngha trc.
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M t k thut

Periodically - Ngi dng c th t tn sut lu tr xung ti khong c mini giy

v c th cu hnh ring cho tng im d liu lu tr.

Selectively - La chn tng ng vi d liu cho mc ch truy vn hoc cng tc

d bo.

HIS s dng thut ton nn v lu tr d liu u vit cho php truy xut ti d liu
nhanh c giy v tit kim dung lng ca thit b lu m bo lm vic lin tc trong
5 nm. Hn na, d liu SOE s c th c lu tr vi phn gii c 1 msec.
HIS h tr cc cng c giao tip chun kiu OLEDB v ODBC, cho php truy xut trong
mng ca EVN. Truy xut c s d liu c m bo ngn chn bng "firewall" ti cc
chc nng iu khin ca trm.
Cc thng tin c lu tr trong HIS cng c th c truy xut bng:
Trnh truy vn SQL

Cc ng dng kiu Office

D liu ca HIS c lu tr d phng trn mt cng khc mt cch t ng.

H thng thng tin qu kh c th c dng cho v th xu hng, to bo co, a
ra tnh trng hot ng ca cc thit b nh my ct, my bin p trong mt khong thi
gian nh trc.
Ngi dng c u quyn s c th truy nhp ti v khai thc cc thng tin lu tr trong
HIS thng qua:
Cc my tnh trm ang vn hnh

Cc my tnh ti ch c kt ni ti mng LAN ca h thng

Cc my tnh t xa kt ni ti mng LAN ca h thng

3.5.2 X l v lu tr d liu
Tt c cc d liu thng s c lu tr trong c s d liu ca HIS c gn km
theo thng tin v thi gian. Cc thng s d liu c x l v lu tr trong c s d
liu ca HIS s bao gm:
D liu trng thi c nh du cht lng ca mi im trng thi

D liu tng t c nh du cht lng

D liu tch lu c nh du cht lng ca mi im o c tch lu

Cc thng tin v cnh bo

D liu v trnh t cc s kin (SOE)

Kt qu tnh ton ca cc ng dng

Thng tin nhp liu bng tay vi thi gian tng ng.

Data Access Package (DAP) c dng truy xut d liu trong b d liu theo kiu
relational database. H thng d liu c lu tr c th a ra chnh xc thng tin v
cc s kin xy ra bi v n lu mt lng thng tin rt ln vi nguyn mu thi gian
ca d liu c x l.
B d liu c to thnh t cc d liu o, tnh ton (trng thi, gi tr tng t, gi
tr tch lu,) vi m cht lng theo thi gian qut p dng cho n:
- t hn 1 giy
- Mt giy
- Mt pht
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Cng ty H thng k thut ng dng (ATS Co.,Ltd.)

M t k thut

- Mt gi
- Mt thng
- Mt nm
- Hay bt k mt khong thi gian no khc

Khong thi gian lu tr khng gii hn (ch ph thuc vo thit b phn cng)

Khng gii hn lng d liu qu kh c th c xem li hoc in ra.

Kh nng nn d liu t hiu qu cao

Truy xut d liu rt nhanh, ch mt vi giy thu thp li thng tin ca 10 nm.

To ra bo co ca bt k loi d liu no, bt k thi im no trong mt khong

thi gian no .

H thng Data Playback c kh nng a ra tt c cc loi d liu theo yu cu.

H tr nn, lc v nhn theo t l cc tag u vo cho php chuyn i ti gi tr tnh

ton k thut thc t.

C th nh ngha tn ring cho cc tn bin (tag).

Kh nng la chn theo thi gian trong mt qu trnh x l iu khin.

C th thu nhn d liu t OPC DA Servers.

Cc c tnh k thut truy xut d liu OPC 1.0a, 2.0.

C th cung cp d liu ti OPC HDA Clients.

c tnh k thut truy xut d liu qu kh OPC 1.0.

Cho php browsing ti OPC Tag.

Tnh nng bo mt khi truy xut ti tt c cc tag.

D dng cu hnh h thng

Cc nh dng bo co c th c lu li v s dng nhiu ln.

D liu qu kh c th c a ra di cc file nh dng CSV, HTML, or XLS.

Gi tr min, max, trung bnh trong mt khong thi gian c th c tnh ton v hin
th.

Hnh nh chung v d liu qu kh c th c hin th hoc lu li.

Vng ho c th c m rng (expanded) hoc thay i im nhn (panned) rt

d dng.

H tr in ra theo kiu giy ngang hoc ng.

C th bt hoc tt ghi ch ca cc im c a ra di dng ho.

V rt nhiu cc ng dng khc cho php hin th, thu thp, tnh ton, d liu

m bo tnh ton vn v chnh xc ca cc d liu qu kh trong HIS, cc d liu

nguyn bn ny s khng c thay i. Tuy nhin ngi dng c th copy ton b d
liu , v c th thay i cho mc ch phn tch, nghin cu.

3.5.3 Kh nng tnh ton v trnh din

HIS s c kh nng:
Tnh ton ton b cc phn thng tin v lu li cc kt qu.

Gim st cc thng tin c lu tr

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M t k thut

Lu tr d phng cc thng tin trn b nh d phng.

3.5.3.1 Tnh ton

HIS cho php thc hin cc tnh ton trn d liu c lu tr. HIS c kh nng tnh
ton ngay khi in cc bo co:
Thc hin cc tnh ton nh trc trn d liu trong cc khong thi gian xc nh

Tnh ton trn cc gi tr tnh ton v cc hng s

Cc tnh ton c nh ngha bi ngi dng. Tnh ton s c thc hin khi c s
kin lin quan hoc theo thi gian thu thp d liu trong tnh ton . Cc kiu tnh ton
c cung cp bao gm:
Tng cc gi tr o dng s thc, gi tr dng nguyn, dng s t nhin

Gi tr tuyt i

Php nhn ca cc dng s thc, gi tr dng nguyn v dng s t nhin

Php chia vi cc s dng s thc, gi tr dng nguyn v dng s t nhin

Bnh phng hoc lu tha bc 3

Cc php ton tnh lu tha bc cao

Kim tra iu kin (>, >=, = =, <=, <)

Php ton logic

Php ton iu kin c cu trc IF, THEN, ELSE

Cc hm lng gic

Ngoi ra cc tnh ton sau cng c cho php trn b d liu:

Minimum, maximum, sum, average, standard deviation v range

c tuyn trung bnh trong mt khong thi gian c nh ngha bi ngi dng
(half-hour, hour, day, week, month, trimester qu hoc year)

Tt c cc d liu c tnh ton c bao gm quality flag.

3.5.4 Kh nng lu tr lu di ca D liu qu kh

Thng tin s c lu tr lin tc v lu di. Cnh bo s c a ra khi thit b lu
tr gn y, cho php nhn vin vn hnh a d liu ra lu tr di dng off-line.
H thng c kh nng reload tr li cc d liu lu tr c a ra bn ngoi m
khng nh hng ti qu trnh x l thu thp d liu. H thng bao gm th mc cha
tt c cc thng tin qu kh c ng k vi n, hoc di dng on-line hoc di
dng off-line.

3.5.5 ng dng HIS

3.5.5.1 ng dng Playback
-

H thng @Station

ng dng Playback c kh nng cung cp mt khi d liu lin tc t b

d liu qu kh cho cc my tnh ti ch hoc t xa.
ng dng Playback c th c cu hnh nhm a ra bc tranh ton
cnh ca h thng in t d liu qu kh.
ng dng Playback rt hu ch cho vic phn tch nguyn nhn cng nh
a ra cc bin php, cch thc vn hnh gim ri ro trong tng lai.
Playback cho php ngi dng quay li qu kh da trn d liu lu tr,
nhn li nhng g xy ra trong h thng vi chnh xc cao ca d
liu, m ch mt mt khong thi gian rt ngn.
Cng ngh ActiveX c p dng truy vn d liu t d liu qu kh.
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M t k thut

D liu c chnh xc cao.

C giao din tng t nh h thng HMI.

La chn thi gian

Hnh 3-19 Ca s mn hnh thng tin qu kh ca trm

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M t k thut

Hnh 3-20 Ca s mn hnh thng tin qu kh ca MBA

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M t k thut

Hnh 3-21 Ca s mn hnh thng tin qu kh ca ngn xut tuyn

Nhn tng th, ng dng Playback s c kh nng:
-

Re-play thng tin trong d liu c lu tr cc thi im khc nhau

Hon thin hiu bit ca vn hnh vin

Hon thin cng tc vn hnh h thng

Phn tch s c, tm ra nguyn nhn v nh hng ca n

Tm ra nhng thao tc thay th tt hn

To lp li khung cnh nhng g din ra trong h thng in

3.5.5.2 ng dng E-Report (C th c la chn thm)

ng dng E-Report c th nh ngha rt nhiu loi bo co khc nhau (ngy, thng,

nm, hoc theo khong thi gian do ngi dng nh ngha).
ng dng E-Report c thit k vi cc chc nng tng t cc chng trnh chy
trn cc my tnh c nhn nh Microsoft Excel, hay Lotus 1-2-3.
E-report bao gm rt nhiu loi bo co:
o Historian report
o Snapshot report
o Indication /Status report
o Digital /multi state report

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o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

M t k thut

Analog report
Measurement report.
Accumulation report
Scaling data report
Calculated data report
Summarized data report
Plotting of curves
Hoc hn hp ca cc loi bo co trn

Hnh 3-22 Ca s cu hnh Profile

ng dng E-Report c th to cc bo co khc nhau trn my tnh lm vic trong

trm hoc t xa. E-Report lm vic trn nhiu loi d liu:
o Snapshots ca d liu real-time, d liu c tnh ton
o Periodic snapshots ca d liu real-time, d liu c tnh ton
o D liu qu kh

E-Report cho php s dng cc chc nng phn tch ca cc ng dng dng vn
phng nh Microsoft Excel.

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M t k thut

Hnh 3-23 Ca s th xu hng

3.5.5.3 ng dng E-Alarm: (La chn thm)
ng dng E-Alarm tr gip ngi dng thu thp, qun l v xc nhn cc cnh bo gy
ra trong qu trnh vn hnh do thng s vt qu gii hn nh trc ca ngi dng.
ng dng c th cnh bo ti c nhn xc nh ph thuc vo phn loi s kin, gip
a ra cc quyt nh c th mc d ngi c cnh bo khng c mt ti hin
trng. ng dng c kh nng gim st khong rng cc loi thng s khc nhau.
Ngi dng s nh ngha cc iu kin cnh bo cng nh mc u tin ca cc s
kin.

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M t k thut

Hnh 3-24 Ca s ci t E-Alarm

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M t k thut

3.5.5.4 Mobile SCADA (la chn thm):

Hnh 3-25 Ca s mn hnh Mobile SCADA

ng dng SMS Center cho php ngi dng truy cp d liu trong PI Archive server
qua h thng thng tin di ng GMS bng dch v nhn tin SMS (Short Message
Service). Hnh trn a ra giao din ca chng trnh ng dng SMS Center.
Qun tr chng trnh s to v qun l cc user profile nh s in thoi, mc truy
cp, v kiu ni dung p ng. Theo , user c th nhn thng tin bng tin nhn SMS
thng qua mt s in thoi bt k c nh trc, bt k ni no trn th gii c
cung cp dch v in thoi ny. Chc nng Alarm trong chng trnh cho php gi tin
nhn SMS mt cch t ng ti cc s in thoi nh trc bt k khi no c s kin
xy ra trong trm ang vn hnh.
3.5.5.5 ng dng Web-Based Realtime Data Portal (La chn thm):
Cc c tnh k thut chnh:
a ra cc gi tr khng nhn thy t xa trong h thng
Hp nht cc thng tin
Cng ngh mi, mang tnh tng lai
D dng cho php:
o To cc trang web theo nhu cu s dng
o To v chnh sa ni dung trong tng trang web
o To ra cc d liu theo nhu cu

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M t k thut

Hnh 3-26 V d 1: Real-time Portal Window

M t k thut:
Snapshot Webpart: Hin th cc thng s hin hnh t d liu c lu tr trong
snapshot ca c s d liu
Archive Webpart: Hin th cc thng s qu kh c lu tr trong d liu qu
kh
Gauge Webpart: a ra d liu theo loi
Trend Webpart: a d liu ra di dng th xu hng
Transformer Dashboard Webpart: a ra cc d liu vn hnh MBA
Generator Dashboard Webpart: a ra cc d liu vn hnh my pht
Line Dashboard Webpart: a ra cc d liu ca ng dy
Graphic Webpart: a ra d liu di dng ho
Playback Webpart: Playback d liu qu kh

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M t k thut

Hnh 3-27 V d 2: Real-time Portal Window

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M t k thut

HARDWARE

Phn cng my tnh c dng trong h thng @Station da trn open platform,
gm mt nhm cc b x l (Servers) c ni ti mng LAN (Local Area Network).
phn phi cc phn nhim v gia cc server, to h thng d phng, chia s d
liu v cc ngun ti nguyn khc, h thng s c thit k theo m hnh khng tp
trung.
Mt h thng mng real-time Local Area Network (LAN) s c thit lp gia cc my
tnh tch hp trm, Engineering, HIS, v cc IED h tr giao din ny.

4.1

Mng LAN (Local Area Network)

Mng LAN c thit k v xy dng hon ton tng thch vi chun IEEE 802.3
(tng ng vi chun ISO/IEC 8802-3), tc truyn 10/100 Mb/s. tng tnh m
bo ca h thng, mng LAN c thit k d phng.
Cp quang loi Multi-Mode v cc ph kin, thit b mng tng ng c s dng thit
lp cc ng truyn trong mng gia cc thnh phn trong trm.
Thit k v thi cng mng theo kin trc m, c cu trc di dng lp. N ph hp
theo cu trc kiu OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) nh nh ngha trong b tiu
chun ISO (International Standards Organization). ng thi m bo tng thch hon
ton theo chun th tc truyn tin TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol /Internet
Protocol).
Cc c tnh k thut chnh ca mng LAN:
Phng php truy cp - CD / IEEE 802.3 (Kiu Ethernet)

Th tc truyn tin - TCP/IP

Phng tin truyn tin - Ethernet

Tc truyn tin: 100 Mb/s

4.2

Cc Server vi chc nng:

Substation Computers, Gateway, HIS v Engineering

a tnh nng
Cc server kiu rack v tower xSeries do hng IBM sn xut. Cng ngh eXtended
Design Architecture da vo cc thnh phn chun cng nghip tng tnh n nh ca
phn cng v tng tnh cnh tranh ca sn phm. Cc server series x336 v x226 (c
th c thay th bng cc series mi hn) c sn xut vi c tnh Calibrated
Vectored Cooling, mt dng pht kin ca IBM lm tng tnh nng ca h thng. Cc
server ny h tr kh nng hot-swap cc thit b lu tr, cho kh nng vn hnh linh
hot v tin cy.
Tnh nng cao
Cc server xSeries l loi c tnh nng cao, vi b vi x l theo cng ngh mi Intel
Xeon, kh nng XpandOnDemand, d dng lp thm b vi x l, b nh, thit b lu tr
khi cn nng cp. Cc server xSeries.
(Xem DataSheet ca IBM @server xSeries bit thm thng tin chi tit).
Cc my tnh trm (Substation Computers) trong h thng @Station c phi hp d
phng cho nhau, m bo h thng lm vic tin cy v n nh:
Cu hnh kp h thng my tnh trm
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M t k thut

Mi server lm vic c lp, c th restart ring mt server m khng nh hng ti

cc phn ang hot ng.

4.3

H thng vn hnh (Operation Subsystem)

H thng vn hnh bao gm phn cng, phn mm thit lp nn giao din gia nhn
vin vn hnh, @Station v cc thit b trm. iu cho php vn hnh vin xc
nh cc d liu thay i, ra lnh iu khin, thu thp thng s, in bo co vn hnh,
Cc thnh phn chnh ca h thng vn hnh bao gm:
Bn gim st v iu khin (Giao din HMI trn mn hnh, thit b ngoi vi nh bn
phm, chut, ...)

My in

Cc thit b ph khc

4.3.1 Bn gim st iu khin (Substation Operation Consoles)

H thng Substation Operation Consoles cho php nhn vin vn hnh thc thi cc
chc nng gim st, iu khin cc thit b trong trm in.
Mi console c lp t vi hai hoc bn mn hnh mu LCD 17, 19 hoc 21 (s
lng v chng loi s p ng theo yu cu trong HSMT) phn gii cao, bn phm
v chut. Con tr iu khin c th di chuyn lin tc t mn hnh ny sang mn hnh
khc rt linh hot.
Cc c tnh k thut di y s c m bo:
D phng cc cng kt ni mng Fast-Ethernet IEEE 802.3

H iu hnh Windows 2000 a nhim, nhiu user

Cc mn hnh mu LCD, phn gii 1280 x 1024 pixels.

Bn phm chun

Chut

Kh nng t ng khi ng li h thng sau khi mt ngun

Cc server lm chc nng Gateway, HIS v Engineering

4.3.2 Cc thit b khc

4.3.2.1 My in

My in laser tc cao.

My in mu (nu c yu cu thm)

4.3.2.2 Ngun
H thng tch hp bao gm hai (02) h thng cp ngun 220V DC v 220V AC c lp
(tu theo yu cu), m bo khng mt li n l no ca h thng ngun DC nh
hng ti vn hnh h thng v chc nng ca cc thit b bo v.
Cc thit b ca h thng s dng ngun 220V AC nh my tnh, my in, c cp
ngun t 2 b chuyn i ngun c lp 220V DC /220V AC. Hai b chuyn i ngun
ny ly ngun ring t hai h thng c quy ca trm.
4.3.2.3 Thit k an ton cho ngi dng
Tt c cc thit b v ph kin ca h thng tch hp trong d n c sn xut ph hp
vi cc tiu chun cng nghip, v cc tiu chun an ton quc t.
4.3.2.4 ng gi phn cng (Hardware Packaging)
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Cng ty H thng k thut ng dng (ATS Co.,Ltd.)

M t k thut

Tt c cc thnh phn ca h thng tch hp tun th theo cc tiu chun quc t v

sn xut v ng gi.
4.3.2.5 Cc thnh phn phn cng
Cc thnh phn u c cung cp bi cc nh sn xut phn cng ni ting trn th
gii, nh cung cp chuyn cho cc h thng tch hp trong cng nghip.
4.3.2.6 Cp
Tt c cc loi cp in hoc cp lc (nu c yu cu), cp quang c cung cp cho
d n s ph hp vi cc tiu chun trong nc v quc t.

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Cng ty H thng k thut ng dng (ATS Co.,Ltd.)

M t k thut

TI LIU

Tt c cc ti liu ca h thng s c cung cp y , m bo EVN c th bo tr

h thng c lp. Cc ti liu hng dn s dng, bn v, on-line help, s c cung
cp di dng bn in hoc/ v dng electronic theo yu cu.

H thng @Station

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Cng ty H thng k thut ng dng (ATS Co.,Ltd.)

M t k thut

M BO CHT LNG V Acceptance Test

Tt c cc thit b, vt t v phn mm c trang b cho h thng gim st v iu

khin s c Acceptance Testing theo yu cu, bao gm FAT (Factory Acceptance
Test), SAT (Site Acceptance Test) v c chp nhn bi ngi s dng trc khi a
vo vn hnh.
Tt c cc Rle bo v, BCU ca SEL Inc. c bo hnh 10 nm, cc thit b khc s
c bo hnh t 1 n 5 nm.

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Cng ty H thng k thut ng dng (ATS Co.,Ltd.)

M t k thut

O TO (TRAINING)

Chng ti t chc cc kho o to cho nhn vin vn hnh, cc nhn vin k thut, k
s ca EVN, trang b cho h kh nng bo tr, bo dng h thng, cng nh kh nng
pht trin cc ng dng trn h thng. Ni dung c o to c th s bao gm:
1. Tng quan v h thng (System overview)
2. Hng dn s dng (Local/Remote users training)
3. Bo dng h thng (System software maintenance, System hardware
maintenance)
4. Tt c cc ti liu hng dn s c cung cp ti EVN
5. Cc ni dung khc c yu cu t pha khch hng.

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Cng ty H thng k thut ng dng (ATS Co.,Ltd.)

M t k thut

DCH V H TR BO TR, BO HNH

Chng ti sn sng cung cp dch v 24 gi cho cng tc bo hnh h thng. Cc k

s ca chng ti s c mt ti hin trng v x l li trong vng 24h sau khi nhn
c y thng tin hng hc, h tr bo dng, bo hnh theo yu cu t pha
khch hng m khng mt thm bt k chi ph no trong thi gian bo hnh.

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Cng ty H thng k thut ng dng (ATS Co.,Ltd.)

M t k thut

C TNH K THUT CA CC THIT B BO V,

O LNG V IU KHIN

9.1

Cc c im k thut chung

- Tn s nh mc:
- Dng in nh mc:
- in p nh mc:
- in p ngun:
- Loi r le bo v:
- Hng sn xut:
- Chun p dng cho thit b bo v:
- Cp bo v:
- Nhit lm vic:
- m tng i:

9.2

50Hz
5A
110V AC
220V/110V DC
K thut s (Numerical)
SEL Inc. (USA)
IEC-60255
IP41 (cho t trong nh), IP55 (cho t ngoi tri)
-40 n +85oC
ti 95%

c tnh k thut ca Rle v BCU

9.2.1 Cc tiu chun sn xut v th nghim

- Sn xut:
IEC 60225
- Th nghim:
Electro-magnet pollution test: IEC 60255-25 (2000)
Affects of electro-magnet test:
Electrostatic Discharge:
IEC 60255-22-2 levels 1,2,3,4
IEC 61000-4-2 levels 1,2,3,4
Fast transient disturbance:
IEC 61000-4-4
IEC 60255-22-4
Magnetic field immunity:
IEC 61000-4-8
IEC 61000-4-9
Power supply immunity:
IEC 61000-4-11
IEC 60255-11
Radiated Radio Frequency:
IEC 60255-22-3
IEC 61000-4-3
Surge withstand:
IEC 60255-22-1
Affects of ambient:
Cold:
IEC 60068-2-1
Hot and dry:
IEC 60068-2-2
Hot and humid:
IEC 60028-2-30
Objects:
IEC 60529
Vibration:
IEC 60255-21-1
IEC 60255-21-2
IEC 60255-21-3
Safety test:
Dielectrically withstand:
IEC 60255-5
Electrical impulse:
IEC 60255-5
Insulation:
IEC 60255-5
Laser light withstand:
IEC 60825-1
Safe level:
IEC 60255-6

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M t k thut

9.2.2 Rle khong cch v BCU (F21&BCU)

Rle bo v khong cch tch hp cc chc nng iu khin SEL-421 c dng cho
mc ch iu khin ngn v /hoc chc nng bo v khong cch, l sn phm ca
Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Inc., USA.

Hnh 9-1 SEL-421

9.2.3 Rle qu dng c hng v BCU (F67/67N&BCU)

Rle bo v qu dng c hng tch hp cc chc nng iu khin SEL-451 c
dng cho mc ch iu khin ngn v /hoc chc nng bo v qu dng, qu dng
chm t c hng, l sn phm ca Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Inc., USA.

Hnh 9-2 SEL-451

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M t k thut

9.2.4 Rle bo v so lch v iu khin MBA (F87T)

SEL-387 v /hoc SEL-387E c dng cho mc ch bo v v iu khin my bin
p, do SEL (Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Inc., USA) sn xut.

Hnh 9-3 SEL-387

Hnh 9-4 SEL-387E

Tham kho cc ti liu k thut ca nh sn xut bit thm thng tin chi tit

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