Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Dieu Khien Dien Khi Nen
Dieu Khien Dien Khi Nen
CC PHN T TRONG
H THNG IU KHIN
CC PHN T TRONG
H THNG IU KHIN
Khi nim
Phn t a tn hiu: nhn nhng gi tr ca i lng vt l
nh l i lng vo, l phn t u tin ca mch iu khin.
V d: van o chiu, rle p sut.
Phn t x l tn hiu: x l tn hiu nhn vo theo mt logic
xc nh, lm thay i trng thi ca phn t iu khin.
V d: van o chiu, van tit lu, van logic AND hoc OR.
Phn t iu khin: iu khin dng nng lng (lu lng)
theo yu cu, thay i trng thi ca c cu chp hnh.
V d: van o chiu.
C cu chp hnh: thay i trng thi ca i tng iu khin,
l i lng ra ca i tng iu khin. V d: xy lanh, ng c
CHNG 3
CC PHN T TRONG
H THNG IU KHIN
CC PHN T TRONG
H THNG IU KHIN KH NN
VAN O CHIU
VAN CHN
VAN TIT LU
VAN P SUT
VAN IU CHNH THI GIAN
VAN O CHIU
Van o chiu c nhim v iu khin dng nng lng bng cch
ng, m hay chuyn i v tr thay i hng ca dng nng lng.
VAN O CHIU
Ky hieu theo
ISO 5599
Ky hieu
theo
ISO 1219
Ca noi vi
nguon (t bo
loc kh)
Ca noi lam
viec
2, 4, 6,
A, B, C,
Ca xa kh
3, 5, 7,
R, S, T,
Ca noi tn
hieu ieu
khien
12, 14,
X, Y,
Ca x kh khng c mi ni cho ng dn
Ca x kh c mi ni cho ng dn
Tc ng bng tay
Tc ng bng c, kh nn v in
Hnh dng ca mt s c cu tc ng
(Operators)
Push
Button
Shrouded
Button
Key
Released
Key
Operated
Cng tc
Switch
Mushroom
Button
C chn mt chiu
One Way Tip
Nt vn
Twist
Nt dng khn cp
Emergency
Stop
Tc ng bng kh nn
Air Pilot
Nam chm in
Solenoid
Pilot
u d
Plunger
12
Van o chiu 2/2, tc ng trc tip bng kh nn, phc hi v v tr ban u bng l xo.
Ti v tr "khng", ca 1 b chn. Khi c tn hiu kh nn 12 tc ng, nng pittong b y
xung van s chuyn sang hot ng v tr 1, lc ny ca 1 ni vi ca 2.
iu khin xy lanh tc n
g m t chiu gin tip
Van o chiu 5/2, tc ng trc tip bng dng kh nn vo t hai pha ca nng
van: Khng c v tr "khng", van c c im l "nh" v tr hot ng khi khng cn
tn hiu tc ng.
Khi c tn hiu kh nn 12 tc ng, y nng pittong qua bn tri, lc ny ca 1 ni
vi ca 2, ca 4 ni vi ca 5, ca 3 b chn. Van s gi v tr lm vic ny cho d tn
hiu kh nn 12 khng cn tc ng na.
Cho n khi c tn hiu kh nn 14 tc ng, nng pittong b y qua bn phi, lc ny
lm cho ca 1 ni vi ca 4, ca 2 ni vi ca 3, ca 5 b chn. Van s gi v tr hot
ng ny cho d dng kh nn 14 khng cn tc ng na.
Tc ng vo nt
nhn, xy lanh dui ra,
khi di chuyn n
cui hnh trnh, chm
vo cng tc hnh
trnh 1.3 th xy lanh
co li tr v v tr ban
u.
V du 2:
Tc ng vo nt nhn
v ban u cng tc
hnh trnh 1.3 b chm,
xy lanh dui ra, khi di
chuyn n cui hnh
trnh chm vo cng tc
hnh trnh 1.4 th xy
lanh co li tr v v tr
ban u.
VAN CHN
Van chn l loi van ch cho lu lng kh nn
i qua mt chiu, chiu ngc li b chn. p
sut dng chy tc ng ln b phn chn ca van
v nh vy van c ng li. Van chn gm cc
loi sau:
Van mt chiu
Van logic OR
Van logic AND
Van x kh nhanh
VAN MT CHIU
VAN LOGIC OR
(Logic OR)
VAN LOGIC OR
(Logic OR)
iu khin xy lanh tc n
g m t chiu trc tip qua van
logic OR
iu khin xy lanh tc n
g m t chiu trc tip qua van
logic AND
VAN X KH NHANH
(Quick Exhaust Valve)
VAN X KH NHANH
(Quick Exhaust Valve)
VAN X KH NHANH
(Quick Exhaust Valve)
VAN TIT LU
VAN P SUT
Van an ton
Van trn
Van lc kt hp vi van iu p
Van p sut iu chnh t xa
Van an ton c nhim v gi p sut ln nht m h thng c th ti. Khi p sut ln hn
p sut cho php ca h thng, th dng p sut kh nn s thng lc l xo v nh vy kh
nn s theo ca R ra ngoi khng kh, van an ton c th iu chnh c p sut
VAN TRN
CHNG 4
C CU CHP HANH
(Pneumatic Actuators)
C CU CHP HANH
PHN LOI
Cu to chung ca xy lanh kh nn
1
2
3
14
4
5
6
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
Xy lanh tc ng m t chiu
c l xo phuc hi
Xy lanh tc n
g m t chiu
khng c l xo phuc hi
Xy lanh tc ng m t
chiu s dng ngun nng
lng kh nn to ra
chuyn ng ca nng
pittng.
Ch to ra chuyn n g
m t chiu duy nht.
Chuyn ng quay tr v
c th thc hi n bng ngoi
lc hay trng lc
Xy lanh tc n
g hai chiu
khng c gim chn
ng dung
ng dung
Xy lanh quay kh nn
(Rotary Actuators)
Xy lanh quay
(Rotary vane)
Loi xy lanh ny thng dng trong cc h thng cp dao t ng cho my CNC, h thng quay gc ca Robot
Moment to ra m bo l hng s v trc quay c th quay m t vi vng v quay lin tc, iu ny ph thu c vo
chiu di ca thanh rng.
Xy lanh kp
(Clamping cylinder)
Xy lanh mng
(Bellows)
Xy lanh kiu mm c p
Xy lanh kiu t
LC TC NG TRONG XY LANH
LC TC NG TRONG XY LANH
Lc to ra trong qu trnh i vo v ra ca xy lanh tnh ton theo l thuyt ca
m t xy lanh bng cch nhn di n tch tc dng ca pittng vi p sut lm vi c .
Trong cng thc di chng ta chia P cho 10 biu din p sut bng n
v N/mm2 (1 bar = 0,1 N/mm2).
.D 2 .P
F
(N )
Lc y ra l thuyt :
40
Lc co vo l thuyt :
Vi
.( D 2 d 2 ).P
F
(N )
40
F : Lc y ra hay co vo l thuyt (N)
D : ng knh xy lanh (mm)
d : ng knh nng pittng (mm)
P : p sut ca h thng kh nn tc ng ln xy lanh
(bar)
LC TC NG TRONG XY LANH
Lc y ra l thuyt
=
=
Lc co vo l thuyt
=
=
50 2 . 8
40
1571 Newtons
(50 2- 20 2 ) . 8
40
1319 Newtons
NG C KH NN
NG C KH NN
n g c kh nn to ra chuyn n g
quay lin tc vi nhiu loi khc nhau
c th quay theo 2 chiu.
NG C KH NN CNH GT
H THNG IU KHIN VA
THIT B CHN KHNG
H THNG IU KHIN VA
THIT B CHN KHNG
Cc my gp v t vt.
My hay dy chuyn lp rp.
Di chuyn vt liu.
My dn nhn
My in n.
My ng gi.
C S L THUYT
p k ng ch U
Cc nguyn l c bn to ra
chn khng
C 2 nguyn l c bn to ra chn khng trong cc h thng my
mc:
Phng php to chn khng bng bm ht chn khng: Thng
c ng dng trong cc h thng ln, trong cng nghip.
Phng php to chn khng bng van ht chn khng Venturi.
Phng php s dng rng ri nht l s dng bm ht chn khng.
Bm chn khng v
ng dng ca c
cu ht chn khng
Kt cu ca phu ht
H s ma st
Gi tr ca h s ma st khng ch ph thuc vo vt liu cp
ma st gia phu ht v chi tit m cn ph thuc vo :
ng knh ca phu ht.
Kiu dng v kt cu phu ht.
p sut chn khng.
Nhit lm vic.
B mt chi tit.
Vt liu phu ht chn khng.
Vinyl: Vt liu hay s dng nht, gi thnh thp, c th chu ng
nhit cao, hn ch mi mn.
Silicon: S dng nhit cao.
Cao su: y l vt liu hay s dng trong hu ht cc ng dng.
Cch b tr cc phu ht
i vi cc loi chi tit