CONFIDENTIAL BUTHM Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSEIN ONN MALAYSIA FINAL EXAMINATION SEMESTER I SESSION 2014/2015 COURSE NAME : FLUID MECHANICS 1 COURSE CODE : BDA 20603 PROGRAMME, = 2BDD! EXAMINATION DATE : DECEMBER 2014/JANUARY 2015 DURATION : 3 HOURS INSTRUCTION : ANSWER FIVE (5) QUESTIONS ONLY OUT OF SIX (6) QUESTIONS. THIS QUESTION PAPER CONSISTS OF ELEVEN (11) PAGES CONFIDENTIALa Q @) ) (a) (b) BDA 20603 Consider the system shown in Figure Qi (a). If the pressure at the bottom of the tank is 29.64 kPa. Determine the height, H, of the water column. (5 marks) The flow of the water from a reservoir is controlled by a 1.5m wide L-shape gate hinge at point A, as shown in Figure QI (b). If it is desired that the gate open when the water height is 3.6m, determine the mass of the required weight W. (15 marks) Describe: (buoyant force; (2 marks) Gi) causes of buoyant force; (2 marks) ii) magnitude of the buoyant force acting on a submerged body. 2 marks) ‘The hull of a boat has a volume of 180 m*, and the total mass of the boat when empty is 8560 kg. Determine how much load this boat can carry without sinking: @ inthe lake; (7 marks) Gi) in seawater with a specific gravity of 1.03. (7 marks)(a) (b) (a) © BDA 20603 If P; and P; are the pressure at inlet and throat of a venturi meter while the area of inlet and throat represented by A, and 4, respectively, show that volume flow rate of fluid through a venturi meter can be expressed as; 2(A-P, pll-43/ 42, ‘Air at 120 kPa and 40°C flow downward through a 0.08 m inlet diameter of inclined venturi meter at rate of 50 L/s, as shown in Figure Q3 (b). The diameter of the throat is 0.05 m. The pressure change across the venturi meter is measured by a ‘water manometer. The elevation difference between the inlet and throat of the ie (8 marks) venturi, = 0.5 m, Determine the differential height, R between the fluid levels of the two arms of the manometer. (12 marks) Deseribe: (iv) body forces; (1 marks) (v) surface forces. (1 marks) How the net force acting on a control volume is determined? (2 marks) Fire fighters as shown in Figure Q4 (b) are holding a nozzle at the end of @ hose while trying to extinguish a fire. If the nozzle exit diameter is 6 cm and the water flow rate is 5 m°/min, determine: (the average water exit velocity; (9 marks) (ii) the horizontal resistance force required by the fire fighters to hold the nozzle. (7 marks)@ b) (a) () BDA 20603 Describe briefly the following terms: (minor losses; (2 marks) Gi) major losses; (2 marks) Water at 10°C flows from a large reservoir to a smaller one through a 5 em diameter cast iron piping system as shown in Figure QS (b). Determine the elevation z; for a flow rate of 6 Ls. (16 marks) List and describe three necessary conditions for complete similarity between a model and prototype. (8 marks) ‘The aerodynamic drag of a new sports car is to be predicted at a speed of 95 km/h at aan air temperature of 25°C. Automotive engineers build a one-fourth scale mode! of the car as shown in Figure Q6 (b) to test in a wind tunnel. The temperature of the wind tunnel air is also 25°C, The drag force is measured with a drag balance, and the moving belt is used to simulate the moving ground (from the car’s frame of reference). Determine how fast the engineers should run the wind tunnel to achieve similarity between the model and the prototype. (12 marks) - END OF QUESTIONBDA 20603, FINAL EXAMINATION ‘SEMESTER / SESSION : SEMI/ 2014/2015 PROGRAMME : 2BDD ‘COURSE : FLUID MECHANICS 1 ‘COURSE CODE : BDA 20603 Figure QI (a) Figure QI (b)BDA 20603 FINAL EXAMINATION SEMESTER / SESSION : SEMII/ 20102011 PROGRAMME : BDD ‘COURSE : FLUID MECHANICS 1 COURSE CODE : BDA 10502 BDA 1052 Figure Q3 (b) Figure Q4 (b)BDA 20603, FINAL EXAMINATION SEMESTER / SESSION : SEM I/ 20102011 PROGRAMME : BDD ‘COURSE : FLUID MECHANICS 1 COURSE CODE : BDA 10502/ BDA 1052 o ‘Sharp-edged entrance, K, = 0.5 elbow, flanged, K, = 0.3 Gate valve, | —Controt fully open volume 2 | boundary | ‘Wind tunnel test section Proll eoeet WY Moving belt Drag balance Figure Q6 (b)BDA 20603 TABLE A-9. Properties of air at 1 atm pressure Specific Thermal Thermal Dynamic Kinematic Prandtl Temp. Density Heat c, Conductivity _iftusvty Viscosity Viscosity Number TC p,kglm’ —Jhg-K Ak, Wim- K a, mls us kelms eels Pr =150 2.866 983 —«OO1171—«4.15Bx 10 8636x10 3.013% 10 0.7246 100 2038 965. (0.01582 «8036 x 10- —1189x 10 aay x10 0.7263 “501.582 999 0001979 «1.25210 1474x105 9.31910 0.7440 -40 1514 1002002057 1:386x 10-1527 x10 1.008 10 0.7436 30 1008 0.02134. 1465 x 10-5 1.579 10-* 1.087 x10-> 0.7425, -20 1005 0.02211. 1.878 10-> 1.630 10" 1.169% 10- 0.7408 -10 1006 0.02288» 1.696 x 10° 1680x 10 1.252x 10 0.7387 0 1006 0.02364 L81BX 10-> 1.729% 10-8 1/338x 10-9 0.7362 5 1006 = 0.02801 «1.880x 10-7 1.75410" 1382x 10 0.7350 10 1.246 ©1006. 0.02439 1.944 x 10-8 -1:77BX10- 1.42610 0.7336 15 1.228 1007S 0.02476. 2.009 10"? 1802x105 1.47010 0.7323 20 1208 «= 1007.-S=0.02514 «2.074 10-> 1.825% 10 1.516 x 10° 0.7309 25 as = 1007. 0.02551 2.141 x10? © 1849x 10 —1.562x10> 0.7296 30 1164 © 1007._—0.02888»=—2.208x 10-7 187210 1.608 10-> 0.7282 35 1145 1007, 0.02625 2.277 x10 1895 x10 1655 x 10> 0.7268, 401.127 1007. 0.02662 2.346 x10 1.918x 10 1.702% 10> 0.7255 45 1109 © 1007. 0.02699 2416x101 941x 10° 1.750x10-> 0.7281 50 1092 © 1007. 0.02735 «2487x102 1.96310 1.798 10 0.7228 60 1.059 1007.» «0.02808 «2.632 x 10- 2008x105 1.896x10-> 0.7202 70 1.028 ©1007. (0.02881 2.780 10> 2.05210 1.995x10- 0.7177 80 0.9994 1008» 0.02953 «2931 x10 2.09610 2097 x10 O.7184 90 09718 1008 «0.03024 © 3.086 x 10 2.13910 2201x10% O.7132 100 0.9858 1009-0.03095 «3.243105 2181 x10°> 230610 O71 120° 0.8977 1011. 0003235«3.565x 10 2.264x10-> 2.522 x10 0.7073 14008542 1013S 008374 © 3.89810 2.345x10- 2745x10% O74) 160 0.8148 © 1016.-—0.03511 A241 x10 242010 2.97510 0.7014 180 0.7788 © -1019.S=0.036464.593x10- 2504x 10% 3.212x10% 0.6992 200 0.7459 © 1023.-«S«0.03779 «4 954x 10-F 2.577 10-5 3.455% 10 0.6974 250 0.6746 —«'1033.-—«S0.04104. «5890 10? —2.760x10-> 4.091 x 10 0.6946 300 0.6158 1044. «0.04418 = GATX 10 —2.938x 10° 4.765% 10 0.6935 350 0.5664 1056. 0.04721.- 7.89210 3.101 x10 5.475 x10 0.6937 400 0.5283 ©1069 (0.05015. B951x 10% 3.261 x10? 219x 10 0.6948 450 0.4880 «1081_-=0.05298 «1004 10-# © 3.415% 10° 6.997 x10 0.6965 500 0.4565 ©1093. 0.05572 «L117 x 10-4 -3.563x 10° 7.806 x 10? 0.6986 600 0.4042 «1115 0.06083 1.352x 10" 3.846 10-* 9.515x10-* 0.7037 700 03627 «1135 0.06581 «1.59810 A111 x 10-5 1.133104 0.7092 800 03289 «11530007037 «1855x104 4362x105 1326 x10 0.7149 900 0.3008 ©1169 0.07465 2.122 x 10-" 4.600 10-1529 10 0.7206 100002772 «1184 (0.07868«2.398x 104 = 4.826x 10? 1.741 x10 0.7260. 1500 0.1990 1284 © 0.09599 3.908x 10 B.Al7 x 10-8 2.922x104 0.7478 2000 0.1553 1268 «= O11113. 5664x104 6.63010 4270x104 0.7539 Tat Fora emt properties GK pan Pave maepend ol per. Te opts panda ese Pn an) aa an 7am oe ‘armiasoymeyn wi ip napa patie by Pandy igs an 2 ‘Sauce: ata eae fa he EES stare erage yS Klean Alan Oral eres: Neanan, has, Keyes, Gs Tbs, Wy, 198; 2 ‘epee Pris Mare Tera Goda 18, PE Ura. Uso 8 oon 6. SaBDA 20603 TABLE A-3 Properties of saturated water Ph ~ Tern Presure psere _— vacizatien SEK _k Wem K eee es aK "m Te TTR eves “Siw te ws ine eee ieee ont esis 998 ammo a) ta eset goInVTer asm 10% B14 100 O2tr= 10? omr0 Sia to Gar ius me Neel Gato Goi aocies towecios tas too cannes? curt daei ool Gos fe tim tne Gas? Goon Gomes io" Lows ios don too oalbelo? oo jie Seed tow Zam fies we oem onus nuncio: tovcioy aa imo Gasesio’ Gon Sa sal the Be Gn tyy ces Gen Saacies lucie: ae io bee? omit ies Sar fir Saw de Sit Gass Gor oxecins tawecios baa ton oaegcin® smn Bis St te dhe Ete ett ou giirsios jamie tat }a2 Gamosio” Soe ‘ose nies 2s 241k a out Ome OURO Lamio* ae Maa Laas i0 our tha Set Ge BS 8b RS Gee cont Slmcios tects tus tas Lisson» aoe ie ism tay less oer ooo uo Gait our oinrcips togcios cane Lie Liars Game io Gite tues anus tote sts OS nes Gusev io” lacie Game Las 2S0107 Golo SS iiss ios soz foe Stoo ous Sito) Gomsio’ Samnctos is dat stose Faw Bis Se tp" MEP BER OT OU Cos anes : Nate Kiama szsty » nd teal fey can because fom th eins» np anda ~ pe, iP. The pertues O01 100°, ag 374.14 athe ole, bung, ang eiteal pr tenprtres tw, especie, Te ropes led oe ce he apr Gens) an be aed at any pes wih ngipble cept at tne atures et the ea Pat a, ‘ote 2 Te unit "Ce spect heat sequin Kg ae he vt Wm "fr ermal conduct equ to Wink Sauce: costa hema conduct ta are om. Senger an TR. Nason Jounal of Physical and Chama Reeence Dat 15 1986), pp. 1291-1322. Other eta ae oa en aos sources of lee,BDA 20603 TABLE 8-2 Equivalent roughness values for new ‘commercial pipes” Roughness. 6 Materiat ft am Glass, plastic 0 (smooth) Concrete _0.003-0.03 0.9-9 Wood stave 0.0016 0.5, Rubber, smoothed 0.000033 0.01 Copper or brass tubing 0.000005 0.0015 Castirn 0.00085 0.26. Galvanized iron 0.0005. 0.15 Wrought rn 0.00015 0.046 ‘Stainless steel 0.000007 0.002 Commercial steel 0.00015 0.045 10BDA 20603 dg souo01 an WAM Le IK £8) ote = mt pane a wos a ao (Fag) mee fmt mo 2 wonj4 sso pray oun ui 2st 20) sodid nau Uy Moy padoysAap Kin 405 40298} UoRDWY 2430} MYO KPO 24g, xa go sory wong 22 ad zi-w 34no1 ‘2 ‘oquinu sprousoy sols ose cuore Ols os cuore Mls os be Gone SOs os + cone Ws os ¢ (one Ol 100000 00000 1000°0 | jo ue sug segs a) payoous age z000°0 3 SS sedid wows See ey HHH oe ee. 2100) 000.9 “08 Fosorey vonouy Kose soo (490 57249], moy waynqam yoo AIR L 1 "aot TT ney [wo — + emg moony eed 1 6910