BND TechSource - Tire Data Calculator

BND TechSource - Tire Data Calculator
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Tire Data Calculator
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(updated MAR2013)
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This Tire Data Calculator converts the tire-geometric data of various RADIAL passenger car tire sizes from the
ETRTO standard (European Tire and Rim Technical Organization) into useful data which can be used in
suspension calculations and spreadsheets. It does not include calculations for commercial or light-truck tires.
Most of the calculations provided here are based upon the equations found in The Automotive Chassis:
Engineering Principles 2nd ed. , Reimpell Stoll Betzler.
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Your Browser must be able to run Java to be able to use this program.
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An explanation for the Input and Output values can be found below after clicking 'Calculate'.
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To calculate the tire-geometric data:

Input the following Tire specific data: Rim Width; Rim Diameter; Tire Aspect Ratio; Tire Section Width;
Select: Tire Load Index Number; Tire Speed Index Letter
Input the following Vehicle specific data: Tire Air Pressure; Vehicle Speed; Vehicle Corner Loads
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Static Input Data
Value Tire 1
Value Tire 2
Chosen Rim Width in inches

(e.g. 8" as in 8Jx17)
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Rim Diameter in inches

(e.g. 17" as in 8Jx17)
Aspect Ratio in %
(e.g. 45% as in 245/45 R 17 95W) **
Tire Section Width in mm
(e.g. 245 mm as in 245/45 R 17 95W)
Tire Load Index Number
(e.g. 95 as in 245/45 R 17 95W)
Tire Speed Index letter
(e.g. W as in 245/45 R 17 95W)
Output Spec. Data
Result Tire 1
Result Tire 2
Spec. Design Rim Width

(manufacturers measuring rim)
Spec. Tire Outer Diameter
(at spec. air pressure and no load)
Spec. Tire Section Width
Spec. Tire Section Height
Spec. Static Load Radius
(@ spec. maximum load and spec. air pressure)
Spec. Tire Rolling Circumference
(@ 60 km/h, spec. load and spec. air pressure)
Spec. Dynamic Rolling Radius
(@ 60 km/h, spec. load and spec. air pressure)
Spec. Tire Stiffness Rate
(@ spec. load and air pressure)
Tire Air Volume
(@ spec. load and air pressure)
Dynamic Input Data
Value Tire 1
Value Tire 2
Air Pressure in bar

(See the chart below)
Vehicle Speed in km/h
Vehicle Corner Load in kg
(input weights right/left or front/rear)
Output Vehicle Data
Result Tire 1
Result Tire 2
Vehicle Tire Section Width

(@ vehicle load, speed and air pressure)
Vehicle Tire Section Height
Vehicle Tire Deflection
Vehicle Tire Rolling Circumference
Vehicle Dynamic Rolling Radius
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Vehicle Tire Stiffness Rate

Contact Patch Width
Contact Patch Length
Contact Patch Area
Speedometer Reading
(Tire 1 is assumed accurate)
Tire Suspension Comfort Value
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Explanation of the Input Data

The chosen rim width is usually in inches. A rim size of 8Jx17 has a width of 8" or 203.2 mm.
As a rule-of-thumb, you may choose a narrower or wider rim by inch, but its wise to check with the
specific tire manufacturer for their approved rim sizes. Choosing a width near the middle of the approved
range will give a balance between ride quality and handling. A wider rim will improve handling at the expense
of ride quality, while a narrower rim will improve ride quality at the expense of handling. Consider these
compromises when selecting rims.
The rim diameter is usually in inches. A rim size of 8Jx17 has a diameter of 17" or 431.8 mm.
The aspect ratio or tire height/width ratio is measured as the section height of tire (SH) divided by the
section width of tire (SW) and this gives the result as a percentage. A tire with the size 245/45 R 17 95W has
an Aspect Ratio of 45%.
** If no value is given, for instance as in 165 R 15 S, then the Aspect Ratio is 80%.
The tire section width is in mm and is shown as the first set of numbers on the tire wall, for example; 245
mm as on a tire size 245/45 R 17 95W. This is specified in the ETRTO standards as the width of an inflated
tire mounted on its design rim, excluding elevations due to labeling, marking, decorations, or protective bands
or ribs.
The tire load index number is a number shown in the last set of digits on the tire wall, for example; 95as
on a tire size 245/45 R 17 95W. See the tables below for more information regarding tire loads, speed
ratings, and air pressure.
The maximum tire load is in kg and can be found on the chart below based on the tire load index number.
The maximum tire load is used along with the air pressure the corner loads to calculate the tire rate, which is
used to determine the tire deflection, which is then used for the contact patch calculations. The conversion of
lbs to kg is: (lbs) x 0.453594. The conversion of kg to lbs is: (kg) x 2.20462.
The tire speed symbol is a letter shown in the last set of digits on the tire wall, for example; W as on a tire
size 245/45 R 17 95W. See the tables below for more information regarding tire loads, speed ratings, and air
pressure.
The vehicle speed is in km/h and can be changed for tire calculations of speeds up to 240 km/h. The
conversion of mph to km/h is: (mph) x 1.6093. The conversion of km/h to mph is: (km/h) x 0.6214.
The air pressure is in bar and can be changed for tire calculations. The air pressure is vital to safety,
durability, comfort, performance and economy. The air pressure is used along with the loads to calculate the
tire rate, which is used to determine the tire deflection, which is then used for the contact patch calculations.
The conversion of psi to bar is: (psi) x 0.06895. The conversion of bar to psi is: (bar) x 14.503775. Note:
Since September 2007 all new automobiles below 10,000 lb (4,500 kg) in weight sold in the United States are
required to incorporate a Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS).
The corner loads are in kg and can be changed for tire calculations. The corner loads are simply the weight
in kg under each tire. These corner loads are used along with the air pressure and max tire load to calculate
the tire rate, which is used to determine the tire deflection, which is then used for the contact patch
calculations. The conversion of lbs to kg is: (lbs) x 0.453594. The conversion of kg to lbs is: (kg) x 2.20462.
Explanation of the Output Data
The following details of the tire sizes are valid according to the ETRTO Standard assuming proper tire load
rating, speed rating, air pressures, and no wear on the standard profile. See tables below; courtesy of
Continental Tire. There are many other factors that affect tire data output which have not been included in
these calculations. Tire compound and construction vary from manufacturers. Temperature and aerodynamic
downforce have also been excluded. These data outputs assume straight line constant speed, so no
longitudinal or lateral forces have been included.
The spec. design rim width is usually in inches. The design rim is defined in the ETRTO standards and is
used by the tire manufacturers as a template to measure the tires.
The spec. tire outer diameter (with no load) is based on the input data and will reflect any deviation in
chosen rim width. This can be measured while the tire/rim assembly is off the car. The spec. tire outer
diameter shown above will change according to the chosen rim width.
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The spec. tire section width (with no load) is the distance between a tire's sidewalls and measured at the
widest part of the tire while mounted on the chosen rim. The tire section width varies approximately 0.2
(5mm) for every 0.5 deviation from the design rim width. This change in width has a direct correlation with
the tire output data. The spec. tire section width shown above will change according to the chosen rim width.
The spec. tire section height (with no load) is the radial distance between a tire's rim and the outside
diameter of the tire while mounted on the chosen rim. The tire section width varies approximately 0.1
(2.5mm) for every 0.5 deviation from the design rim width. This change in height has a direct correlation
with the tire output data. The spec. tire section height shown above will change according to the chosen rim
width.
The spec. static load radius (at maximum load per ETRTO) is the distance from the center of the wheel to
the road surface when the car is stationary. This value is calculated under maximum load, at the
recommended tire pressure (see tables below) depending on the load index and speed rating of each tire. The
static radius is used to calculate the tire stiffness rate. Realistic static radius values for car tires are
approximately 30 cm. The spec. static radius shown above will change according to the chosen rim width.
The spec. tire rolling circumference is normally given from the tire manufacturer. It is the theoretical
length of one rotation of the tire (circumference) based on the dynamic rolling radius. The manufacturers test
for tire rolling circumference is calculated at a speed of 60 km/h (37.3 mph) with an air pressure of 1.8 bar
(26 psi) [or 2.3 bar (33 psi) on V-, W-, Y- or ZR tires] and a load value generally between 30-50% of the
maximum load value that was used to calculate the static radius. This value can be used for comparison to
the tire manufacturer specifications. Realistic values for car tires are approx 2m. The spec. tire rolling
circumference shown above will change according to the chosen rim width.
The spec. dynamic rolling radius is normally given from the tire manufacturer. It is the distance from the
center of the wheel to the road surface when the car is moving. The manufacturers test for dynamic rolling
radius is calculated at a speed of 60 km/h (37.3 mph) with an air pressure of 1.8 bar (26 psi) [or 2.3 bar (33
psi) on V-, W-, Y- or ZR tires] and a load value generally between 30-50% of the maximum load value that
was used to calculate the static radius. The spec. dynamic rolling radius shown above will change according to
the chosen rim width.
The spec. tire stiffness rate is derived from the tire deflection based on spec. load at spec. air pressure
from the manufacturer and the deflection at that spec. It is static therefore the spec. tire stiffness rate shown
above will only change according to the chosen rim width.
The tire air volume is the volume of air between tire and rim for a non-loaded tire at spec. air pressure.
The vehicle tire section width (at vehicle load, air pressure and speed) is the distance between a tire's
sidewalls and measured at the widest part of the tire while mounted on the chosen rim. This value is
calculated under vehicle corner load, at the chosen tire air pressure depending on the load index and speed
rating of each tire. The vehicle tire section width shown above will change according to the chosen rim width,
vehicle corner load, chosen air pressure and vehicle speed.
The vehicle tire section height (at vehicle load, air pressure and speed) is the radial distance between a
tire's rim and the outside diameter of the tire while mounted on the chosen rim. This value is calculated under
vehicle corner load, at the chosen tire air pressure depending on the load index and speed rating of each tire.
The vehicle tire section height shown above will change according to the chosen rim width, vehicle corner
load, chosen air pressure and vehicle speed.
The vehicle tire deflection (at vehicle load, air pressure and speed) is the change in radial distance from
unloaded tire of the tire at vehicle corner load, air pressure and speed while mounted on the chosen rim. The
vehicle tire deflection shown above will change according to the chosen rim width, vehicle corner load, chosen
air pressure and vehicle speed.
The vehicle tire rolling circumference (at vehicle load, air pressure and speed) is based on the TRC from
the manufacturer specs, but includes the inputs of air pressure, corner loads, and vehicle speed. This value is
a function of vehicle speed, tire section width and height, tire load rating, tire speed rating, and tire air
pressures. Realistic values for car tires are approx 2m. The vehicle tire rolling circumference shown above will
change according to the chosen rim width, vehicle corner load, chosen air pressure and vehicle speed.
The vehicle dynamic rolling radius (at vehicle load, air pressure and speed) is based on the DRR from the
manufacturer specs, but includes the inputs of air pressure, corner loads, and vehicle speed. This value is a
function of vehicle speed, tire section width and height, tire load rating, tire speed rating, and tire air
pressures. Realistic values for car tires are approx 2m. The vehicle dynamic rolling radius shown above will
change according to the chosen rim width, vehicle corner load, chosen air pressure and vehicle speed. For
static radius at vehicle corner load and vehicle air pressure input 0 for speed.
The vehicle tire stiffness rate (at vehicle air pressure and speed) is derived from the tire deflection based
on vehicle static load radius and dynamic rolling radius from the manufacturer specs. It includes the inputs of
air pressure and vehicle speed. This value is a function of vehicle speed, tire section width and height, tire
load rating, tire speed rating, and tire air pressures. The tire stiffness rate shown above will change according
to the chosen rim width, chosen air pressure and vehicle speed. Once established, the tire stiffness rate WILL
change due to changes in air pressure and slightly when the vehicle speed changes. Any changes in load
DOES NOT affect a change in the tire stiffness rate. Think of it like a spring. The more (or less) load you
put on a spring does not change its rate.
The contact patch width is the tread width at the road surface. This value is a function of vehicle tire
section width, and aspect ratio. The contact patch width shown above is per ETRTO specifications. Most of the
tire deflection occurs in the sidewalls; however the contact patch width will change slightly due to air pressure
and corner load changes.
The contact patch length is the tread length at the road surface. The contact patch length is derived from
the sidewall deflection. The sidewall deflection is a function of the tire stiffness rate (which has the air
pressure and speed figured in) and the vehicle corner load. The contact patch length shown above will change
according to the chosen rim width, vehicle corner load, tire air pressure and the vehicle speed.
The contact patch area (also known as the tire footprint) is the tread area at the road surface. This is of
course the contact patch width multiplied by the contact patch length. The contact patch area shown above
will change according to the chosen rim width, vehicle corner load, and tire air pressure and the vehicle
speed.
The speedometer reading for alternative tires is calculated at vehicle speed. Tire 1 is assumed to be at the
correct speedometer reading. Tire 2 is compared to Tire 1. The speedometer deviation should not be more
than +/-8% or +/-8km/h (+/-5 mph) at 100 km/h (62.1 mph) [check your local laws].
The tire suspension comfort value is more important for low cross-section tires (low AR). These values are
from 0 (very bad) up to 10 (very good). The value depends on the vehicle tire stiffness rate, the vehicle tire
section height, the tire aspect ratio, and tire index ratings. This dictates the suspension comfort using the
base values gained from trials with different tires (these values are not the result of any ETRTO standards).
The tire suspension comfort values shown above are dynamic and will change according to the chosen rim
width, the tire aspect ratio, tire index ratings, vehicle corner load, tire air pressure and the vehicle speed.
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Friday, 2014-11-28, 6:11 AM

Tire Data Calculator

Log in with uID

Old login form

To calculate the tire-geometric data:

Static Input Data

Chosen Rim Width in inches

Rim Diameter in inches

Output Spec. Data

Spec. Design Rim Width

Dynamic Input Data

Air Pressure in bar

Output Vehicle Data

Vehicle Tire Section Width