Engineering Math

:
Engineering Mathematics............................................................................................................................ By: Siahi
-1
5...................................................................................
-1-1
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-2-1 7................................................................................
-3-1 n 8................................................................................. z
-4-1 8..................................................................
-2 10............................................................................................................
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-3-2 12...........................................................................................................
-3
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-4-3 20....................................................................................................
-5-3 20..........................................................................
-4
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-3-4 n 24....................................................................................................
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-6-4 29...................................................................................................
-7-4 30.........................................................................................................
-8-4 31.....................................................................................................
-9-4 31........................................................................................................
-10-4 32......................................................................................................
-5 35.....................................................................................................
-1-5 35...................................................................................................................
-2-5 36...................................................................................................................
-1-2-5 37................................................................................................
-2-2-5 39........................................................................................................
-3-5 48..........................................................................................
-6
52........................................................................................................
-1-6 53.........................................................................
-2-6 57................................................................................................
-3-6 62..............................................................................................................
-4-6 67......................
-7
74..............................................................................................................
-1-7 77.............................................................................................................
-1-1-7
78.............................................................................................
-2-1-7
78...................................................................................................
-3-1-7
82...............................................................................
-4-1-7
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-5-1-7
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-6-1-7
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-7-1-7
86................................................................
-2-7
90........................................................................................................
-8 95..........................................................................................
-1
x 2 + 4 = 0 ...
.
Girolamo Cardano . .
1-1
x y
z = ( x + iy ) , x, y R , i 2 = 1
)(1-1
x y z
) x = Re( z
)(2-1
) y = Im( z
-1-1
z 2 = x 2 + iy 2 z1 = x1 + iy1 z3 = x3 + iy3 .

x1 = x2 , y1 = y 2
z1 = z 2
) z1 z 2 = ( x1 x1 ) + i ( y1 y 2
) z1 z 2 = ( x1 x2 y1 y 2 ) + i ( x1 y 2 + x2 y1
z = x iy
z1 x1 x2 + y1 y 2
x y x y
=
+ i 2 21 12 2
2
2
z2
x2 + y 2
x2 + y 2
z1 + z 2 = z 2 + z1
z1 + ( z 2 + z 3 ) = ( z1 + z 2 ) + z 3
z1 z 2 = z 2 z1
z1 ( z 2 z 3 ) = ( z1 z 2 )z 3
z1 ( z 2 + z 3 ) = z1 z 2 + z1 z 3
_______
z1 + z 2 = z1 + z 2
______
z1 z 2 = z1 z 2
________
z1 z1
=
z2 z2

z+z
=x
2
zz
=y
2
= ) Re al ( z
= ) Im aginary ( z
z = z z = x2 + y2
) (1-1 .
( Re( z ) z
( z1 + z 2 + ...z n z1 + z 2 + ... z n
z1 z 2 z1 z 2
-2-1
) z = x + iy = r cos( ) + ir sin(
)(3-1
.
)(4-1
y
x
= tan 1 ( ) < <
r = x2 + y2
y = r sin
x = r cos

zi i = 1,2,..., n ) zi = ri (cos i + i sin i
)(5-1
) ) z1 z 2 ...z n = r1r2 ...rn (cos(1 + 2 + ... n ) + i sin(1 + 2 + ... n
:
)) z n = r n (cos + i sin ) = r n (cos(n ) + i sin (n
n
)(6-1
) (cos + i sin )n = cos(n ) + i sin (n
) (2-1 ) cos(3 ) sin(3 ) cos( ) sin( .
-3-1 n z
) z = r (cos + i sin ) W = R(cos + i sin W n z .
)(7-1
) W n = z R n (cos(n ) + i sin(n ) ) = r (cos + i sin
+ 2k
k = 1,2..., n 1
1
n
W =z
1
n
R=r
) (1-1 n 1 .
0 + 2k
0 + 2k
(z = n 1 cos
() + i sin
)
n
n
) z n = 1 = 1(cos 0 + i sin 0
) (2-1 z 4 + 2i = 0
, k = 0,1,2,3

+ 2k
+ i sin 2
4

+ 2k

z 4 = 2i = 2 cos( ) + i sin( ) z = 4 2 cos 2

2
2
4
-4-1
z a z a z a =
a . z a < a
z a a .
: z z 0 + z z1 = R z1 z 0.
: z z 0 z z1 = R z1 z 0.
: z z 0 = z z1 z1 z 0.
) (3-1 z 3 2i 2 .
) (4-1 ) z = r (cos + sin
m
n
.
m
1n
+ 2k
+ 2k
z = z = n r cos
+ i sin
n
n

m
n
r m cos ( + 2k ) + i sin ( + 2k )
n
m
n
) (5-1 z 2 (5 + i) z + 8 + i = 0 .
2
3 + 2i
5+i
5+i
3
5+i
5+i

= 2+ i
(0.5 + 1.5i ) =
= 8i
2
2
2
2
2
2 i

1-1
.
E ) 10 i
2-1
D) 1 i
C) 4 1
B) 4 5 + 12i
A) 5 + 12i
B ) z 4 3(1 + 2i ) z 2 8 + 6i = 0
4-1
B) 1 + i
.
D) 5 1 + i
3-1
C )1 i
A)1 + i
A) z 2 + z + 1 i = 0
E ) Im( z 2 ) = 2
z +i
=1
z i
)D
< ) C ) Arg ( z
B ) 0 < Re( z ) < 3
A) z + 2 > 3
=z
-2
) W = f (z
z = x + iy W = u + iv .
)( ) (x,y ) (u,v . u v x
) u = u ( x, y ) . v = v( x, y
-1-2

) f(z z z 0 l
)(1-2
, > 0 > 0 s.t : z z 0 < f ( z ) l <
lim f ( z ) = l
z z0

.
) W = f ( z z0 ) f ( z 0 ) lim f ( z ) = f ( z 0.
z z0
) W = f ( z .
-2-2
) f(z z 0 . .
)(2-2
z = z z 0
) f ( z 0 + z ) f ( z 0
z
f ( z 0 ) = lim
z 0
) (1-2 f ( z ) = z .
__________
; x 0 , y = 0
x = 0 , y 0
x iy 1
=
( x , y )0 x + iy
1
lim
) ( z + z ) ( z
____
z
=
z
= lim
z 0
f ( z ) = lim
z 0
f ( z ) = z .
2
) (2-2 f ( z ) = z .
____
____
z
) z z + zz + (z
= lim
= z lim
=+ z + 0
z 0
z 0 z
z
2
__________
(z + z )(z + z ) zz
f ( z ) = lim
z
; x 0 , y = 0
z 0
; x = 0 , y 0
.
:
( ) f ( z ) + g ( z
= [ f ( z ) + g ( z )]
( ) f ( z ) g ( z ) + g ( z ) f ( z
f ( z)
) f ( z ) g ( z ) g ( z ) f ( z
= g ( z)
)g 2 ( z
= [ f ( z ) g ( z )]
z + z
z + z
-3-2
) f(z D ) f(z D . ) f(z

z = z 0 .
) 1-2-(
) f ( z ) = u ( x, y ) + iv( x, y z
z u v
- ) . (
u
v
=
y
x
)(3-2
u v
=
x y
) 2-2-(
) u(x,y ) v(x,y x y
D -
) f ( z ) = u ( x, y ) + iv( x, y D .
: ) f ( z ) = u ( x, y ) + iv( x, y .
( .
u
v
+i
(
x
x
u v
+
(
y y
= ) . f ( z
. f ( z ) = i
) (3-2 f ( z ) = Re( z ) = x .
u x = 1 v y = 0 .
: -
.
) (4-2 f ( z ) = Re( z 2 ) + izz .

( )
f ( z) = y 2 x 2 + i y 2 + x 2

u x = 2 x = v y = 2 y , v x = 2 x = u y = 2 y
- y=-x . y=-x

.
- :
) f(z ) f ( z ) = u (r , ) + iv(r ,
) (4-1 .
x
u u r u u
u y
= . +
.
= .
+
.
x r x x r x 2 + y 2 x 2 + y 2
)(4-2
v v r v v
y
v
x
= . +
.
= .
+
. 2
2
2
y r y y r x + y
x + y 2
u v
u 1
u
v 1
v
=
cos( ). sin( ).
= sin( ). + cos( ).
x y
r r
r r
sin cos -
.
u 1 v
=
r r
1 u
v
=
r
r
)(5-2
) (5-2 ) f ( z ) = e x cos( y ) + ie x sin( y .

, v x = e x sin( y ) = u y
u x = e x cos( y ) = v y .
1-2
.
) (6-2
= ) f ( z .
) (sin
z
1
= sin( ) = 0 = k z
, k = 0,1,...
z
z
k
) 3-2 (
) f ( z ) = u ( x, y ) + iv( x, y D u v D
D) . (
2 u = u xx + u yy = 0
2 v = v xx + v yy = 0
2-2
.
3-2
) f ( z ) = u ( x, y ) + iv( x, y D v u.
. ) u(x,y ) v(x,y
v(x,y) u x = v y ) v(x, y) = u x dy + ( x v x = u y
) (x .
) (7-2 u ( x, y ) = sin x cosh y .

)u x = cos x cosh y v( x, y ) = cos x cosh y dy + ( x) = cos x sinh y + ( x
v x = sin x sinh y + ( x) = u y = sin x sinh y ( x) = 0 ( x) = K
v( x, y ) = cos x sinh y + K
: v u u v u v .

1-2
- .
x3 y3
x3 + y 3
+
i
x2 + y2
x2 + y2
2-2
= ) D) f ( z
) C ) arg( z
B) z
A) z
) f ( z ) = u ( x, y ) + iv( x, y ) f ( z ) = v( x, y ) + iu ( x, y
.
3-2
) u ( x, y ) = 2 x(1 y u ( x, y ) = y 3 3x 2 y .
.
4-2
) f ( z ) = u ( x) + iv( y (f(z)=cz+a ) .
5-2
f ( z ) = x 2 + iy 2 x=y .
- .
6-2
b a c .
.
7-2
) A) u = e 2 x cos(ay
B ) cos bx sinh y
.
i
z4
)D
) C ) ln z + iArg ( z
1
z
B) z +
A) z 2 z 2
-3
-1-3
.
)(1-3
) f ( z ) = e z = e x (cos y + i sin y
z .
-1-1-3
( e z1 + z2 = e z1 e z2
( e z +i 2 = e z , T = i 2
( e z = e x , arg(e z ) = y
(e ) = e
z
( .
) (1-3 e 2 z + 3ie z = 0 .
e z (e z + 3i ) = 0 e z = 0 or e z + 3i = 0
e x = 3 x = 1.098
(e z = e x (cos y + i sin y ) = 3i = 3(cos

() + i sin
))
2
2
y = 2k
2
-2-3
sinh cos sin cosh

)(2-3
e z ez
e z + ez
= , cosh z
2
2
= , sinh z
e iz + e iz
2
= cos z
e iz e iz
2i
= sin z
sin cos 2 sinh cosh i 2

coth tanh csc seccot tan ... .

(sin z ) = cos z, ( tan z ) = sec2 z, sin(z1 z2 ) = sin z1 cos z2 sin z 2 cos z1 , ...
(3-3)
2
(sinh z ) = cosh z, ( tanh z ) = sec h z, sinh(z1 z2 ) = sinh z1 cosh z 2 sinh z2 cosh z1 ,...
. ( e i = cos + i sin ) )( 2-3)

cos sin
. sin z = sin x cosh y + i cos x sinh y ( 3-3)

e = cos x + i sin x
e iz e iz 1 ix y
=
e e e ix e y ========
e ix = cos x i sin x
2i
2i
1
1
=
cos xe y + i sin xe y cos xe y + i sin xe y = i cos xe y + sin xe y + i cos xe y + sin xe y
2i
2
e y + ey
e y ey
+ i cos x
= sin x cosh y + i cos x sinh y
= sin x
2
2
sin z =
ix
] [
( ) . cos z = cos x cosh y i sin x sinh y
.( 1-3)
A) sin(iy ) = i sinh y
B ) sinh z = sinh x cos y + i cosh x sin y
C ) cos(iy ) = cosh y
D) cosh z = cosh x cos y + i sinh x sin y
) (4-3 sin z = 0 .
:
sinh y = 0 y = 0
sin z = sin x cosh y + i cos x sinh y = 0
z = x + iy = k
sin x = 0 x = k
:
e iz e iz
= sin z
)= 0 e 2iz 1 = 0 e 2ix 2 y = e 2 y (cos(2 x) + i sin( 2 x)) = 1(cos 0 + i sin 0
2i
2 y
e = 1 y = 0
z = x + iy = k
2
x
=
0
+
2
k
x
=
k
-3-3

)(4-3
f ( z ) = ln z = ln r + i
r = z = arg z = Argz 2k . .
:
z1
) = ln z1 ln z 2 ln( z1 z 2 ) = ln z1 + ln z 2
z2
(ln
x .
a < < a + 2 & r > 0 .
.
-4-3
z
f ( z ) = z C = e CLnZ
(5-3)
z 0 , C complex
.( 5-3)
i
A) ln(1 + i) = ln( 2e 4 ) = ln 2 + i( + 2k ) = 0.34 + i( + 2k )

4
4
B) (1 + i)
1i
=e
(1i ) ln(1+i )
=e
(1i )(ln 2 + i )
4
= 2e
cos ln 2 + i sin ln 2
C) ln z = 3 i z = e 3i = e 3 .e i = e 3 (cos1 i sin1) = 20.08 0.35i
-5-3
w = sin 1 ( z ) z = sin(w)
.
z = sin w =
e iw e iw
e iw e iw 2iz = 0 e i 2 w 2ize iw 1 = 0
2i
e iw = X X 2 2izX 1 = 0 X = iz + 1 z 2 = e iw
(6-3)
w = sin 1 z = i ln(iz + 1 z 2 )

i i+z
cos 1 z = i ln( z + i 1 z 2 ) , tan 1 z = ln
, sinh 1 z = ln( z + 1 + z 2 )
2 iz
1 1+ z
cosh 1 z = ln( z + z 2 1) , tanh 1 z = ln
2 1 z
(7-3)

1-3
.
2
C ) e z
D) e z
2-3
z e z < 1 .
3-3
i i .
4-3
(5 2i )3+i .
5-3
B) e z
A) e 2 z
E ) e 2 z + 3ie z = 0
I ) ln z = 2e
D) cos z = 2
B) z 4 = i
A) z 4 2i + 6 = 0
G ) sin z = cosh 3
F ) e3z = 3
C ) sinh z = i
3
H ) ln z = 2 i
2
6-3
7-3
. sinz cosz .
8-3
e z e x .
.
9-3
-4
) w = f ( z ) = u ( x, y ) + iv( x, y .
) z ) ( (x,y ) w ) ((u,v
) ( x0 , y 0 z
) (u 0 , v 0 w .
1-4

.
1-4
) f(z z 0 ) f ( z 0 ) w=f(z z 0 .
-1-4
w = az a ) ( a = a e ia
. . a
a .
w = az + b a b
a a b.
) (1-4 }
< < Argz
D = {z | 1 < z < 2 , w=-2z+i.
2 ( 2 = 2e i ) i .
-2-4
w = z n n .
. z = re i w = Re i.
R = r n
= r n e in
= n
)(1-4
) (
w = z n Re i = re i
n
n .
) (2-4 } D = {z |10 < Argz < 30 w = e 3 z 3 .

3
w = z2
w = u + iv = (x 2 y 2 ) + i 2 xy . x 2 y 2 = c1
u = c1 2 xy = c 2 v = c 2.
) (3-4 -1<xy<1 w = z 2.
xy=1 v=2 xy=-1 v=-2
-3-4 n
w = n z n . z = re i w = Re i.
R = n r
=
n
)(2-4
= re
1

n
n .
w = z Re
n
) (3-4 w = i z + 1 2i.
) ( w1 = z 90
1-2i
-4-4
1
= w .
. z = re i w = Re i
1
1
1 i
= R
i
w = Re = e
r
z
r
=
)(3-4
)(4-4
A x 2 + y 2 + Bx + Cy + D = 0
1

z
= w.
x= 2
1
1
1
u
v
u + v2
= 2
+
= w = z = x + iy
i
v
z
w
u + iv u + v 2
u2 + v2
y= 2
u + v2
)(5-4
) (4-4 w
)(6-4
D u 2 + v 2 + Bu Cv + A = 0
) (4-4 ) (6-4
) (4-4 A 0 D 0
1
z
= w .
) (4-4 A 0 D = 0
1
z
= w .
) (4-4 A = 0 D 0
1
z
= w .
) (4-4 A = 0 D = 0
1
z
= w .

1
1
) (4-4 y = x +
z
2
= w .
(u + 1)2 + (v + 1)2 = 2.
1
) (5-4 } D = {z | 1 x 2 , 1 y 2
z
= w.
2
1
1
1
1
x=1 = u + (v + 0)2 x=2 = u + (v + 0 )2
4
16
2
4
y=1 (u + 0)2 + v 1 = 1 y=2 (u + 0) + v 1 = 1

4
16
2
4
.
.

-5-4
az + b
cz + d
= w .
d
d
z = ad bc 0
c
c
z = .
a
d
z =
c
c
= w
.
2-4
z w.
3-4
z 2 z1 z 3 ) w=f(z
w2 w1 w3 . .
w w1 w2 w3 z z1 z 2 z 3
w w3 w2 w1 z z 3 z 2 z1
)(7-4
z i wi -
.
: z < 1 w < 1
z z0
zz 0 1
w = e ia a z 0 < 1.

: Im(z)>0 w < 1
z z0
z z0
w = e ia a Im( z 0 ) > 0.
) (6-4 z1 = 2 , z 2 = 0 , z 3 = 2
1
3
= , w3
4
8
= w1 = , w2 .
z +1
: )(3-4
2z + 4
= w .
-6-4
1
w = z + . z=0
z=0,+1,-1 . z = re i w = u + iv
)(8-4
) u = r + r cos(
1
1
= r + cos( ) + i r sin( )
r
r
) v = r 1 sin(

r
1
1
= re i + e i
z
r
w= z+

)(9-4
=1
v2
2
r
r
u2
2
r +
r
.
: z = 1
.

1
) (7-4 } D = {z | , z 1, 0 Arg ( z )
z
w = 4 z +.
-7-4
w = e z . .
z = x + iy w = Re i
R = e x
w = e z = e x .e iy
= y
)(10-4
) (8-4 } D = {z | , 0 x 2 , 0 y w = e z.
) (9-4
4
) D = z | , 0 Arg (z
1
Z2
w = e.
-8-4
) w = Ln(z . ) w = Ln(z
.
u = Lnr
w = Ln( z ) = Lnr + i
v =
)(11-4
x .
-9-4
) w=sin(z
)(12-4
w = sin z = sin( x + iy ) = sin x cosh y + i cos x sinh y = u + iv
: 1 -1 .
: x .
. sin z ( 10-4)
2
sin z = sin 2 x cosh 2 y + cos 2 x sinh 2 y = sin 2 x(1 + sinh 2 y ) + cos 2 x sinh 2 y = sin 2 x + sinh 2 y
. w = cos z D = z |
Re z , Im z 0 ( 11-4)
2
D
u = cos x cosh y
w = cos z = cos x cosh y + i sin x sinh y
v = sin x sinh y
x =
path 1 :
2
y : 0
u = 0
1 :
v = sinh y : 0

x :
path 2 : 2
y = 0
u = cos x : 0 1
2 :
v = 0
x =
path 3 :
y : 0
u = cosh y :1
3 :
v = 0
-10-4
w1 = z +
w = cos( z ) = sin( z + )
2
2
w2 = sin w1
(12-4)
w1 = 2 z + 1
3z 1
2 .5
1
=w
= 1 .5
= w2
2z + 1
2z + 1
w1
w3 = 2.5w2 + 1.5
)(13-4
sin z
e iz e iz
e 2iz 1 e =t
t 1
= i iz
=
i
w = i
iz
2 iz
cos z
t +1
e +e
e +1
i2z
)(14-4
= ) w = tan( z
.

.
) (12-4 } D = {z | 0 Re z, 0 Im z w = cosh z.

1
w1
1
ez
ez +
2
= cosh z w1 = e z
1
2
w2 = w1 + w3 = w2 .

1-4
} D = {z | 1 Re z 4 w=-i3z+2i-3.
2-4
D = z | 1 < z < 2 , 0 Argz < w = z 2 .
3-4
} D = {z | x 2 y 2 < 1, 2 xy < 0 w = z 2 .
4-4
D = z | 1 z 2, 0 Argz w = z 4 + 1.
5-4
1
z 1 = 1 z i = 1
z
6-4
D = z | z < 2, Argz
z
4
2
7-4
1
z 1 1 x + y 1
z
8-4
a2
z = a z
z
9-4
} D = {z | 1 Re z 2, 20 Im z 30 w = e z.
= w .
= w .
= w .
w = z + w .
10-4 D = z | Re z 0, 0 Im z w = e z.
11-4 = z 3 = 1, z 2 = 1, z1 w3 = i , w2 = i , z1 = 1.
12-4
w = 2 sin.
i
} D = {z | 0 Re z , 1 Im z 1 z + i
2
13-4
Re z , 0 Im z
2
14-4
1
1
Re z , 0 Im z
2
2
| D = z w = (1 + i )sin z.
| D = z
1
cos z
= w.
-5
-1-5
n z n } {z1 , z 2 ,...z n ,...

} {z n .} {z n
)(1-5
lim z n = A
n
A . .
1-5
} {z n z n = x n + iy n A = X + iY } {x n
X } {y n Y .
1-5
} {z n M
)(2-5
zn < M , n N
.
2-5
.
-2-5
} {z n
)(3-5
= z1 + z 2 + ...
z
i =1
3-5
z n = x n + iy n . ) (3-5
i =1
i =1
) ( y i , xi .
2-5
) (3-5 .
)(4-5
= z1 + z 2 + ...
z
i =1
: ) (3-5 ) (4-5 ) (3-5 .

4-5
) (3-5
lim.
zn = 0
n
5-5
) (3-5 .

-1-2-5

.
) 6-5 (
z1 + z 2 + ... b1 + b2 + ...
n
)(5-5
z n < bn
.
) 7-5 (
z1 + z 2 + ... ) z n 0 n (
z n+1
=L
zn
)(6-5
lim
n
( . L<1
( . L>1
( L=1 .
) 8-5 (
z1 + z 2 + ... ) z n 0 n (
)(7-5
lim n z n = L

( . L<1
( . L>1
( L=1 .
n
(
) 1
) (1-5 2 n (4 i )n .
2 +3
n =0
17
: ) > 1
4
4i
= lim
n n
4 +3
( 1)n (4 i )n
2n
+3
lim n
n
( .
n
(
) 100 + 200i
.
) (2-5
!n
: 0
n
z i
) (3-5
n =0 z + 1
n =0
100 + 200i
n +1
= lim
n
!n
n +1
!)(n + 1
100 + 200i
n
100 + 200i
lim
n
z i
z i
=
< 1 z i < z +1
z +1
z +1
lim n
n
x 2 + ( y 1) 2 < ( x + 1) 2 + y 2
y < x or y > x

) (4-5
nz 2
n =0
x2
. e i 2 xy = e y
x2
= ey
x 2 + i 2 xy
lim n e nz = e z < 1 e y
n
< 1 = e0
x2
ey
y2 x2 < 0 y2 < x2 y < x
-2-2-5
) (z .
z z 0
)(8-5
= a 0 + a1 ( z z 0 ) + a 2 ( z z 0 ) + ...
2
) a (z z
0
n =0
z 0 = 0 ) (
)(9-5
z n = a 0 + a1 z + a 2 z 2 + ...
a
n =0
) 9-5 (
) (8-5 z = z1 z 0 z z 0
z1 ) ( z z 0 < z1 z 0 . ) (8-5 z = z 2 z 0

z z 0 z 2) ( z z 0 z 2 z 0 -
.
) 10-5 (
a n +1

an
n a n n=1,2, L .
( L=0 ) (8-5 z .
1
( (L > 0) L 0 - )(8-5
L
=R
z z z 0 < R z
z z 0 > R . R z z 0 = R
z z 0 < R .
11-5
) (8-5
.
= a1 + 2a 2 ( z z 0 ) + ...
)(10-5
n 1
) na (z z
0
n =1
12-5
) (8-5
.
)(11-5
a1
(z z 0 )2 + ...
2
= a0 (z z 0 ) +
n +1
a
) n + 1( z z
n
n =0
13-5
R>0 .

.
) (5-5 .
n
2
1
2 1
= = 3 z L = lim n 3n = 3 R
< , z
n
3
3
3 3
n=0
1
1
< , z + i
27
27
= R
(3n + 3)!(n!)3 = 27
!) n ((n + 1)!) 3 (3n
) (3z 2i
n =0
(3n )! (z + i )n
3
)!n = 0 (n
L = lim
) 14-5 (
) f(z D z = z 0 D
z 0 ) f(z .
)(12-5
)1 (n
f ( z 0 ) , n = 0,1,2,...
!n
= , an
) f ( z ) = an (z z 0
n =0
z 0 = 0 .
. ) (12-5 . .
)(13-5
z <1
1
= zn
1 z n =0
zn
= e
!n =0 n
)(14-5
< z
sin z = ( 1)
n =0
z 2 n +1
(2n + 1)!
z 2n
cos z = ( 1)
(2n )!
n =0
z 2 n +1
n = 0 (2n + 1)!
(15-5)
z <
(16-5)
z <
sinh z =
z 2n
n = 0 (2 n )!
(17-5)
z <
cosh z =
(18-5)
z <
.( 6-5)
n
1
1
n
=
= ( z ) = ( 1) z n
f ( z) =
1 + z 1 ( z ) n =0
n =0
f ( z ) = Ln(1 + z ) =
f ( z) =
z <1
n +1
dz
n
n z
= ( 1) z n dz = ( 1)
1+ z
n +1
n =0
n =0
1
1
2 n
(
)
=
=
z
=
( 1)n z 2 n
2
2
1+ z
1 ( z ) n =0
n =0
f ( z ) = tan 1 ( z ) =
, z <1
z <1
2 n +1
dz
n 2n
n z
(
)
(
)
=
1
z
dz
=
1 + z 2 n =0
2n + 1
n =0
1
1 n
n 1
f ( z) =
=
= z = nz
2
1
z
(1 z )
n=0 n=1
z <1
. z=1 f ( z ) =
f ( z) =
1
1
n
n
=
= ( 1) ( z 1) ,
z 1 + ( z 1) n=0
z 1 < 1
z <1
1
( 7-5)
z
2
) (8-5
3 4z
=
= ) f ( z z=2.
1
4
1 + ( z 2)
5
5
4
2
1
1
2
= 2
= 2
=
3 4z
3 4( z 2) 8
) 5 4( z 2
5
< z2
( z 2 )n ,
= )f ( z
2
n 4
n
n +1 2 4
( 1) ( z 2 ) = ( 1) n+1
5 n =0
5
n =0
5
15-5

) a (z z
n =0
R>0
z z 0 < r r<R .
2-5
) f(z D z 0 D ) f(z f ( z 0 ) = 0.
2-5
z 0 ) f(z n f (n ) ( z 0 ) 0
)f(z
.
) (9-5 f ( z ) = z 2 z=0 .
f (0) = 2 0.
3-5
z = z 0 ) f(z .
)( . z = z 0

)f(z

)( .
4-5
z 0 m m ) lim (z z 0 )m f ( z
z z
0
z 0 ) f(z.
) (10-5 .
3
1 ez
= )f ( z
z7
z=0
1 ez H
3z 2 e z
lim.
z f ( z ) = lim 3 = lim
= 1 0
z 0
z 0
z 0
z
3z 2
4
1
1
sin
z
= ) f ( z
1
1
1
1
= ,
, ,...
k
2 3
= z z=0
. z=0
1
1
1
1
= ,
, ,...
k
2 3
n
= z z=0 .
1
z
1 1
( f ( z ) = e = z=0 m
n = 0 n! z
1
z
lim (z 0) e .
m
z z0
sin z
(
z
= ) f ( z z=0 ) f(z z=0

, z0
) f(z
, z=0
sin z
f ( z) = z
1
) f(z z 0 .
. .
) (z z 0 z 0
z 0 ) f(z.
1

z z0
) f(z ) ( b1 ) f(z z = z 0 -
) 16-5 (
) f(z C1 C2 z 0 ) f(z

)(19-5
b1
+ ...
z z0
= a 0 + a1 ( z z 0 ) + ... +
bn
) (z z 0
f ( z ) = an (z z 0 ) +
n =1
n =0
1
)f ( z
dz
2i C ( z z 0 )n+1
)(20-5
= an
1
= bn
(z z 0 )n1 f ( z )dz
2i C
C C1 C2
.
) (20-5 .
f ( z ) = ( z + 3) sin z =-2
1
) (11-5
z +2
:
2 n +1
( 1)n
2 n +1
( 1) 1
1
(f ( z ) = ( z + 3) sin
)) = ( z + 2
z+2
n = 0 (2 n + 1)! z + 2
1
+
n = 0 (2n + 1)! z + 2
1
1
= 1+
+ 3! 2 + ...
)z + 2 ( z + 2
2 n +1
( 1)n
1
+
n = 0 (2 n + 1)! z + 2
2n
( 1)n
n =0 (2n + 1)! z + 2
z=-2 b1 = 1.
1
) (12-5 f ( z ) = z 2 e z .
:
1
n
1
1
1

f ( z ) = z 2 e = z 2 = z 2 + z + + 3! + ...
2! z
n = 0 n! z
1 1
=
3! 6

1
z
ez
= ) f ( z .
) ( (13-5
1 z
1
:
1 z
.
1
z
e
1
1
1
1
1
= )f ( z
=
e z = zn
= (1 + z + z 2 + z 3 + ...)(1 +
+
+
)+ ...
n
2
1 z 1 z
1! z 2! z
3! z 3
n =0
n =0 n! z
1 1 1
)( + + + ...
1 1 1
!= (1 + + + + ...) + 1! 2! 3
+ ...
!1! 2! 3
z
1 1 1
)+ + ...
!1! 2! 3
( +.
1
) (14-5
)z ( z 1)( z 2
= ) f ( z z=2 .

1
0. 5 1
0 .5
0 .5
1
0. 5
=
+
+
=
+
+
)z ( z 1)( z 2
z
z 1 z 2 2 + ( z 2) 1 + ( z 2) z 2
z2
<1
0 < z 2 <1
2
z 2 <1
= )f ( z
z 2
n
n
1
0.25 ( 1)
) ( 1) (z 2 ) + 0.5( z 2
2 n =0
n =0
n
: .
.
.

) (15-5 1 < z 2 < 2 z=2 .

0.25
1
0 .5
+
+
z2
( z 2) + 1 z 2
( 1+
)
2
1
1
0.5
1
0 .5
<
= )< 1 f ( z
+
+
=
2 z2
z
z 1 z 2
1< z 2 < 2
1
n
n
0.25
)( z 2
0 .5
1
1
0.5
n z 2
n
+
+
= 0.25 ( 1)
+
= )f (z
(
1
)
( z 2) n =0
z2
z 2
1 z2
2
z 2
n=0
1+
1+
2
z 2
z2
2 <1
1< z 2 < 2
1
<1
z 2
0 .5
z2
n +1
1
n z 2
n
f ( z ) = 0.25 ( 1)
( 1)
2
z 2
n =0
n=0
-3-5
z 0
z 0 .
( z 0 ) f(z ) f(z z 0
) Re sidual ( f ( z ) ) | z0 = Re s ( f ( z 0 ) ) = lim ( z z 0 ) f ( z
)(21-5
) P( z
( z 0
) Q( z
z z0
= ) f ( z P( z 0 ) 0
) P( z 0
) P( z
=
) z z0 Q ( z
) Q ( z 0
Re s ( f ( z 0 ) ) = lim
)(22-5
( z 0 m ) f(z
)(23-5
d m 1
m
(
Re s ( f ( z 0 ) ) = lim
z z0 ) f ( z)
m
1
z z 0 ( m 1)! dz

2z + 3
) (16-5
)( z 1)( z 2 + 4
: z=2i
= ) f ( z z=2i .
2z + 3
2z + 3
4i + 3
= lim
=
z
2
i
) ( z 1)( z + 2i )( z 2i
) ( z 1)( z + 2i ) (2i 1)(4i
2z + 3
4i + 3
=
) ( z + 4) + 2 z ( z 1) (2i 1)(4i
cos z
) (17-5
sin z
z 2i
2z + 3
)+ 4
(( z 1)( z
z 2i
Re s ( f (2i )) = lim
z 2i
= ) f ( z z=0 .
cos(0) = 1 0 = 1
) cos( z
(sin( z ))
Re s( f (0)) = lim.
z 0
sin 3 z
1
= ) f ( z
) (18-5
2
(2 z + 1) 4
1

2
= lim
) Re s ( f (2i )) = lim ( z 2i
= z .
= z 4
4
1
1
d 3
1 sin 3 z
1
d3
9
3
(
Re s ( f ( )) = lim 3 z +
=
lim
= ) sin 3 z
) cos(
4
4
3
2
3! z 1 dz
2 (2 z + 1) 3!2 z 1 dz
32
2
2
2
) P( z
: z 0
) Q( z
= ) f ( z Q( z 0 ) = Q ( z 0 ) = 0 Q ( z 0 ) 0
P( z 0 ) 0 ) f(z z 0 .
) 2 P ( z 0 ) 2 P ( z 0 )Q ( z 0
Q ( z 0 ) 3 (Q ( z 0 ) )2
)(24-5

= ) ) Re s ( f ( z 0
) (19-5
z e 1
= ) f ( z z=0 .
Q ( z ) = ze z z Q ( z ) = e z + ze z 1 Q ( z ) = 2e z + ze z Q ( z ) = 3e z + ze z
P ( z ) = 1 P ( z ) = 0 , Q (0) = 1 , Q (0) = 2 , Q (0) = 3
2 0 2 1 3
1
=
2
2
3 2
2
= ))Re s ( f (0
1
) (20-5 z
= ) f ( z .
z 1
sin
z = 1 Re s ( f (1)) = sin 1
1
1
1
1
1
1 1
sin = (1 z z 2 + ...)(
+
)...) Re s ( f (0)) = (1 + + ...
3
5
z 1
z
z 3! z
!3! 5
5! z
Re s ( f (0)) = sin 1
= )z = 0 f ( z

1-5
( (z 2i )n
n
2-5
n =0
n
( ) (5 z 6
n =0
.
1
(
1 z5
3-5
!)(2n
( ( z 3i) n
2
)!n = 0 ( n
3z 2

1
z
2
1
(
2
< z
( ) sin(2 z 2
2 z 2 + 15 z + 34
(
)( z + 4) 2 ( z 2
= ) f ( z
1
(
2
1 1
( <
4 4
> z
. z 1 > 2 f ( z ) =
1

z 1
4-5
( sin( z) = sin(( z ) + ) = sin( z ) ) . z = f ( z ) =
sin z

z
5-5
6-5
A) ze z
B)
1 e2z
z4
1
C ) z cos( )
z
D)
sin z
( z 3) 4
E)
sin z
z
F)
cos
1
z
.
f ( z ) = (z 3)sin(
1
) (
z +1
f ( z ) = (z 1) cos(
5
1
f ( z ) = 2 z (
z +1
sin
f ( z) =
z
(
(3 z 2) 3
f ( z ) = ze
f ( z) =
1
z 1
f ( z) =
2 z 2 + 3z
(
(z 1) z 2 + 9
cosh z
(
z 4 1
f ( z ) = cot z (
sin z
(
z3
f ( z ) = sec z (
f ( z) =
f ( z) =
1
) (
z 1
z4
(
z 2 iz + 2
f ( z) =
(z
7-5
-6
.
.
.
.
( C ) f ( z )dz ( -
C
) f(z .
) f(z r y x t
.
( ) f ( z .
C
) f(z C -
.
) f(z C
.
(
.
-1-6
C .
C .

)(1-6
) z (t ) = x(t ) + iy (t
t .
1-6
C .
2-6
C
.
3-6
.
4-6
D D D .
... .
5-6

) 1-6 (
C
) z=z(t
a t b ) f(z
C .
b
f ( z )dz = f ( z (t ) )z& (t )dt
)(2-6

( z )]dz = a f 1 z )dz + b f 2 z )dz
[af ( z) + bf
1
f ( z)dz = f ( z )dz + f ( z )dz
C C1 C 2
C2
C1
f ( z)dz ML
f ( z ) M
) (1-6 (z 2 + z )dz C y = x 2 , 0 x 2
C
.
y=x2
= ) + z dz = ( x + iy ) + ( x iy ) d ( x + iy
C
2
(z
C
) + ( x ix d ( x + ix ) = f ( x)dx + i g ( x)dx
2
2 2
(( x + ix
0
.( z 2 + zz )dz ( 2-6)
C
z = e

> > 0
dz = ie i
(z
1
+ zz dz = e i 2 + 1 (ie i )d = (ie i 3 + ie i )d = e i 3 + e i
3
(z
8
3
+ z dz ( 3-6)
C1 :
C :
z= 2
C 3 :
C :
4
3
< < 2 dz = 2ie i d
2
z = x , 2< x<3
dz = dx
z = 2e i
z = 3 + iy , 0 < y < 4
z = re
, 5>r >0
dz = idy
i
dz = e 4 dr
(z
+ z dz =
C
0
(4e
3
2
i 2
3
4
0
i
i
+ 2e i (2ie i )d + x 2 + x dx + (3 + iy ) 2 + 3 + iy (idy ) + r 2 e 2 + re 4
2
0
5
i 4
8
e dr = 2 i
) 2-6 (
) f(z D ) f(z D
) F(z ) F ( z ) = f ( z . C D z 0 z1

z1
)(3-6
f ( z )dz = F (z ) F ( z
1
z0
: ) f(z D .
: ) f(z
.
) (5-6 .
i
i 3
= 2e 4 e 2 e 2 = 0
= 2 sin(i ) = 2i sinh( ) = 23.097i
z 8 3i
2
z
2
e dz = 2e
)A
8 +i
8 +
i
8 3i
cos zdz = sin z
)B
) (7-6 ) (2-6) (3-6 .

) f(z
8
= 2 i
3

z3 z2
= z + z dz = z + z dz
+
3
2
2i
2i
(
C
-2-6
) 3-6 - (
) f(z D C D
f ( z )dz = 0
)(4-6
) (6-6 dz = 0
e dz = cos zdz = sin zdz = z

z
) (7-6 dz
) (z z
0
dz
z z0 = R
) (z z
z z0 = R
.
(z z 0 )n z z 0 = R - .

( z z 0 )n
z z 0 = R.
dz = i Re i d
n 1
n =1
0
d =
i 2
i (1 n )
z +1
) (8-6 dz
2
z 1 2 i =1 z 2 z
3
) e
0
0 < < 2
2
1
dz = n in i Re i d = iR 1 n
0 R e
1
cos z + 2
) (9-6 dz
z ( z 1)
1
= z +i

z = z 0 + Re i
1
) (z z
0
z z0 = R
) 4-6 (
) f(z D ) f(z D .
) f(z D C D -
)(5-6
f ( z )dz = f ( z )dz
C2
C1
f ( z )dz = 0 = f ( z )dz + f ( z)dz

C2
C1
) 5-6 (
) f(z C , C1 , C 2 ,...
f ( z )dz = 0
)(6-6
C + C1 + C2 +...

5-6
) f(z C 2 ,C1
f ( z )dz = f ( z )dz
)(7-6
C2
f ( z )dz = 0
C1 C 2
C1
) 7-6 (
) f(z D z 0 C D z 0

)(8-6
) dz = i 2f ( z 0
)f ( z
0
zz
) 8-6 (
) f(z D ) f(z D
D . ) f(z z 0 D
)(n
)(9-6
) (z0
!n
dz = i 2
n +1
)f ( z
) (z z
0

1
)f ( z
f ( z 0 ) = i 2 ( z z )2 dz
C
0
!2
)f ( z
dz
= ) f ( z 0
i 2 C ( z z 0 )3
) cos( z
) (10-6
z
=3
) cos( z
= i 2 cos = i 2
z
=3
: .
ez
) ( (11-6 z =2 z dz

ez
0
z =2 z dz = i 2e = i 2
: .
3z + 1
1
) (12-6 3 2 dz
2
C z z
= z z = 2
1

2
= z
= i8
z =0
3z + 1
3z + 1
i 2 3 z + 1
z 1
= dz
= dz
2
1! z 1
z2
1
)C z ( z 1
=z
2
dz
dz
dz
4
+4
z = 2 = 0 4(i 2 ) + 4(i 2 ) = 0
2
z
z 1
z =2 z
z =2
z =2
) Ln(1 + z 2
) (13-6 dz
2
)1 (2 z i
3z + 1
dz =
)( z 1
i
= z
2 3
: ) Ln(1 + z 2 ) z=i (
2
3
=
i
2
=z
1
2
Ln(1 + z )
4
1
2
Ln(1 + z )
) Ln(1 + z
4
dz = i 2
i 1 (2 z i) 2 dz = i 1
i
!1
(z )2
= z
= z
2 3
2 3
2
2

-1 f ( z )dz .
C
( ) f ( z ) = Re( z C .
( ) f ( z ) = Im( z 2 C 0,i,1,-1 .
( f ( z ) = z C i . i
( f ( z ) = z C i i .
( f ( z ) = z C i i .
( )() ( )( .
-2 .
dz
z i =1 z + 1
2
dz
z4
) (z 3i
dz
z + i =1 z + 1
)D
tan z
z 2 1
)H
z =2
-3 + 2 z dz
)C
dz
z 5 =3
ez
z =2 z 3 dz
)G
3
=z
2
(z (z + zz )dz
C
Lnz
) (z 4
)B
dz
sinh z
=1
)F
)A
z i
2i
E ) z 2 1 dz
i
(z 2 + sin z )dz .
C
-3-6
C ) f(z C
. ) f(z C
.
) 9-6 (
) f(z C z k ,..., z1

)(10-6
]) ) f ( z )dz = i 2 Re s ( f ( z j ) ) = i 2 [Re s ( f ( z1 ) ) + Re s ( f ( z 2 ) ) + ... + Re s ( f ( z k

j =1
C .
) (14-6 dz
1
z 1
ze
z 1 =1
: z=1
1
1
1
1
+
= + ...) Re s ( f ( z = 1)) = 1
2
)z 1 2!( z 1
!2
2
= ( z 1 + 1)(1
1
z 1
f ( z ) = ze
dz = i 2 Re s ( f ( z = 1)) = i
1
z 1
ze
z 1 =1

1
) (15-6 dz
1 cos z
z =1
: 1 cos z = 0 cos z = 1 z = 0 2k .
lim
z=0 . z m f ( z ) z=0
z0
m = 2 .
z2
2
z
2
2
z2
z
) ( 2 sin
2
2
z2
= lim
z 0 1 cos z
z 0
lim
z=0
dz
= i 2 Re sf (0) = 0
1 cos z
z =1
3z
) (16-6 dz
3
1
z
z =1
1
:
3
1
d 2
1
d z2
=0
lim
z f ( z ) = lim
1! z 0 dz
1! z 0 dz 1 cos z
= ))Re s ( f ( z = 0
= ) z ( .
3z
1
2
dz = i 2 ( ) = i
3z 1
3
3
z =1
) (17-6 tan zdz
1
3z
1
Re s f ( z = ) = lim
=
1
3 z (3 z 1) 3
z =2
: k
= coz = 0 z .
z =
tan zdz = i 2 Re sf ( 2 ) + Re sf ( 2 ) = i4
z =1

sin z
= 1
Re sf ( z = 2 ) = lim
) z (cos z
Re sf ( z = ) = lim sin z = 1
2
) z (cos z
sin z
) (18-6 dz
4
z =3 z
: ) f(z 3 z=0
z 2 n+1 1
=
(2n + 1)! 6
(1) n
1
1
d 2 sin z 1
or Re sf ( z = 0) = Re s 4
lim 2
=
2! z 0 dz z 6
z
= )Re sf ( z = 0
sin z
1
dz = i 2 ( ) = i
4
6
3
z =3 z
1
1
) (19-6 sin( )dz
z 1
z
z =2
: ) f(z ) (20-5

1
1
sin( )dz = i 2 [Re sf (0) + Re sf (1)] = i 2 [sin 1 sin 1] = 0
z 1
z
z =2
1 z
) (20-6 z + e dz .
z
z =1
:
1
1
1 1
1
1
3
f ( z ) = z + e z = z + 1 + +
= )+ ... Re sf ( z = 0) = ( + 1
2
z
z
z 2! z
!2
2
1
3
z =1 z + z e z dz = i 2 ( 2 ) = i3

: ) f(z z=0 z
z=0 .
cot z
) (21-6 dz
3
z =4 z
: ( z 3 sin z = 0 z = 0, ,2 ,... ). z=0 4

)( z = . ) f(z z=0
z = .
cot z
dz = 0
3
z =4 z
1
3
cos z
sin z
(z
, Re sf ( ) = lim
1
3
cos z
sin z
(z
Re sf ( ) = lim
z
: Rez Imz z z
z = a
a2
z
z
z
a2
z+z
z
=
2
2
a2
z
zz
z
=
2i
2i
)(11-6
z+

z = a
zz
= z
z
= Re z
= Im z
ez
z 3i dz ( 22-6)
z =2
.( 11-6) :
ez
ez
dz
=
z =2 z 3i z=2 4 dz = =
3i
z
ze z
ze z
4
dz
=
i
2
Re
sf
(
)
=
i
2
(4 3iz )
4 3iz
3i
z =2
4 3i
=
i
2
(
e
)
4
9
z=
3i
+ sin z dz ( 23-6)
z
z =1
dz = d
zz
1 1
= d = 2 dz z = 1 :
z
z z
+ sin z dz =
z
z =1
1 sin z
2 dz = i 2 (1 1) = i 4
z
z
z =1
1
(z + sin z )( z )dz =
2
z =1

.
z +1
A)
dz
3
2
z 2 i = 2 z 2 z
E)
B)
1
z =
2 3
H)
cos
z=
1
2
C)
z2
dz
z + i =1 sinh z
G)
1
z =
2
ez
dz F )
2
1 ( z 1) ( 2 z + 1)
1
z dz
1 z
ez
dz
z 3 ( z 2 + 1)
I)
cosh z
z =1 z 2 3iz dz
1
2 z
z e
D)
dz
z =1
(2 z
z 1 =1
J)

z =3
ez
dz
z 2 + 4 ( z 4)
1
+ z 6 sin
dz
z 1
tan z
z =1 z 3 dz
K)
( z + 4) 3
4 3 2 dz
z =1 z + 5 z + 6 z
-4-6
f (sin , cos )d
z + z 1
= cos
2
)(12-6
z z 1
= sin
2i
dz
d = ,
iz
z=e
f (sin , cos )d = f ( z )dz
)(13-6
z =1
) (24-6
d
2 sin
: ) (12-6
2 dz
2 2iz z 2 + 1
z =1
dz
iz
=
z + z 1
2
2i
2 2i 8 + 4
) f(z = i ( 2 1) ) :
2
z =1
d
2 sin
= ( z 2 + 2 2iz + 1 = 0 z
) i( 2 1
= i 2 (i ) = 2
2dz
2 2iz z 2 + 1
z =1
d
2 sin

= i
)z =i ( 2 1
( z + 2 2iz + 1)
= Re sf
)P( x
( Q( x)dx
) P(x ) Q(x x
) Q(x ) P(x ) Q(x

+
k
P
)P( x
) P( z
dx
=
=
i
2
Re s (Im z j > 0)
) Q( x) Imz >0 Q( z
j =1
Q
)(14-6
) P( z

) Q( z
i 2 .
2x 2
) (25-6 dx
x2 +1 x2 + 4
()
= I .
: 2i-i-i -2i i 2i .
1 7
+
)
6i 12i
1
6i
( I = i 2
=
z =i
7
12i
=
z =2i

2z 2
2z 2
Re s
=
( z 2 + 1)( z 2 + 4)
( z 2 + 1)( z 2 + 4)
2z 2
2z 2
=
Re s 2
2
( z + 1)( z + 4) ( z 2 + 1)( z 2 + 4)
)
)
(
(
)P( x
)P( x
sin(ax)dx
Q
(
x
)
) P(x
Q( x) cos(ax)dx
)Q(x
)(
.
P( z ) iaz
e dz
Q
(
z
)
Im z >0
)(15-6

+
P( z ) iaz
)P ( x
)P( x
= e dz
cos(ax)dx + i
sin(ax)dx
) Q( z
) Q( x
)Q ( x
Im z > 0
)(16-6
) (26-6 dx
cos 2 x
2
1+ x
ei 2 z
2
: i -i i
z +1
e 2
) .
2i
ei2z
=
z =i
e2z
= ( Re s 2 ) (16-6
z + 1 2z
+
ei2z
)cos(2 x
)cos(2 x
e 2
dz
=
dx
+
i
dx
=
i
2
(
)= 2
2
2
2
2i
e
Im z > 0 z + 1
x + 1
x + 1
+
)cos(2 x
dx = 0
x2 +1

)cos(2 x
x 2 + 1 dx = e 2
)P( x
( Q( x) cos(ax)dx
)P( x
sin(ax)dx
Q
(
x
)
) P(x ) Q(x
x ) Q(x ) P(x
)Q(x
) sin(ax ) cos(ax
)P( x
)P( x
Q( x) cos(ax) + i Q( x) sin(ax) = i 2 A
)(17-6
A
P ( z ) iaz
e
) Q( z
sin x
dx
2
+1
) (27-6
e iz
:
z z 2 +1
1
2e
e iz
)=
z =i
])
+1
x(x
z = 0, i,i z=0 z=i
[ ]+ 1
P ( z ) iaz
e
) Q( z
[z (z
( ) = 1 , Re s
z =0
e iz
e iz
)
=
Re
s
(
z z 2 +1
z z 2 +1
])
([
( Re s
cos x
sin x
1 1
1
x x 2 + 1 dx + i x x 2 + 1 dx = i 2 2e + 2 (1) = i 1 e
sin x
1
dx = 1
2
+1
e
x(x
cos x
x x 2 + 1 dx = 0
:
.
.
0
z = e , e
4
3
4
3
4
5
4
z + 1 = 0 z = e , e , e , e
4
7
4
dx
( 28-6)
x +1
4

.
1
1
Re s 4
= 3
z + 1 4z
z =e
1 i
= e 4
4
1 i 34 1 i 94
dz
= i 2 e
+ e
4
4
z
+
1
Im z > 0
4
1
1
, Re s 4
= 3
z + 1 4z
z =e
3
4
1 i
= e 4
4
3
9
dx
dx
1 1 i 4 1 i 4
= 4
4
= i 2 e
+ e
4
x + 1 2 4
0
x + 1
2
=
cos x
dx ( 29-6)
2
2
(
x
+
1
)
0
i . -i i
e iz 1
d
e iz i
2
= lim
Re s
(z i ) 2 2 =
z 2 + 1 2 1! z i dz
z + 1 2e
e iz
i
cos x
sin x
dz = i 2 ( ) = = 2
dx + i 2
dx
2
2
2
2e
e ( x + 1)
( x + 1) 2
z +1
Im z > 0
cos x
cos x
( x 2 + 1) 2 dx = e 0 ( x 2 + 1) 2 dx = 2e
sin x
dx = 0
2
+ 1) 2
(x
e iz
(z
+1
sin x
dx ( 30-6)
x
0
. z=0
e iz
Re s
z
e iz
=
z
z =0
e iz
:
z
cos x
sin x
1
= 1
dx + i
dx = i 2 0 + (1) = i
x
x
2
cos x
sin x
x dx = 0 , x dx =
sin x
dx =
x
2
0
cos 3
d ( 31-6)
5 4 cos
0
:
2
cos 3
0 5 4 cos d =
z 3 + z 3 dz
=
z + z 1 iz
z =1
54
2
z6 +1
1
z =1 z 3 (2 z 1)( z 2)dz = i 2 Re sf (0) + Re sf ( 2 ) = 12
2x 2 1
. 4
dx ( 32-6)
x + 5x 2 + 4
0
. :
2x 2 1
1
2x 2 1
1
2z 2 1
1
2z 2 1
0 x 4 + 5x 2 + 4 dx = 2 x 4 + 5x 2 + 4 dx = 2 Imz >0 z 4 + 5z 2 + 4 dx = 2 Imz >0 z 2 + 4 z 2 + 1 dx
.( z=2i,i)
)(
2z 2 1

z2 + 4 z 2 +1
)(
2z 2 1
2z 2 1
3
Re s
=
=
2
2
z + 4 z +1
z 2 + 4 z 2 + 1 z =i 6i
2x2 1
1
3 9
dx = i 2
+
=
4
2
x
+
5
x
+
4
2
6
i
12
i
4
2
2
0
2z 1
2z 1
9
=
=
Re s 2
2
z + 4 z +1
z 2 + 4 z 2 + 1 z =2 i 12i
)(
) [(
)(
)]
)(
) [(
)(
)]

1 + 4 cos
0 17 8 cos d
A)
1 + x2
E)
dx
4
0 1+ x
sin x
x 2 + x + 1dx
M)
dx
1
G) 2
dx
2
( x 2 x + 5)
J)
N)
cos 2 x
4 x 4 + 13x 2 + 9dx
1
d
0 + cos
+ 2)
dx
H)
cos 2 x
( x 2 + 4) 2 dx
O)

sin x
xx
L)
dx
sin x
dx
+ 2x + 4
1
cos x
Q) 2 2 dx
x 1
dx
16 + x
K)
( x + 1)( x
D)
1
F)
dx
6
1 + x
8 x
cos 2
d
0 13 12 cos 2
C)
I)
sin 2
d
0 5 4 cos
B)
-7

.
.
.
) (1830-1768
.

.
1-7
: ) ) .( f (t + T ) = f (t
T ) f(t
2-7
+a
) f(t ) f (t ) = f (t f (t ) dt = 2 f (t ) dt
+a
f (t ) dt = 0

) f(t ) f (t ) = f (t
+a
) f(t ) g(t ) f(t)g(t .

.
:
.
3-7
_____
) f(x ) g(x ) (a,b f ( x) g ( x)dx = 0

a
b
. f ( x) g ( x)dx = 0.
a
) (1-7 ) f(x)=sin(x ) g(x)=cos(x 0 < x <
: sin( x) cos( x) dx = 0 .
0
4-7
i j
m
i ( x) i =1 a < x < b
i= j
= 0
0
i ( x) j ( x) dx .
a
5-7
= 0 i j
m
( x) dx
i ( x) i =1 a < x < b
1 i = j
) (2-7 {cos(nx)}mn=0 0 < x <

b
j
( x)
i
: cos(nx) cos(mx) dx = 0
n m
= cos 2 (nx) dx .
0
jn 2 x
) (3-7 f ( x) = e T
n=1
: T )= f ( x
nm
n=m
= 0
dx
= T
2
x
T
2
x
T
jm
jn
.e
.e jn 2 = e
2
x
T
jn
2
x
T
jn
=e
2
) ( x +T
T
jn
f (x + T ) = e
. e
0

5 x 3 3x
3x 2 1
= ) p2 ( x
.1 p1 ( x) = x p0 ( x) = 1
2
2
= ) p3 ( x
) (-1,1 .
.2 )
x
2
( f ( x) = sin )
x
4
( g ( x) = sin .
.3
)f ( x) = 2 cos(10 x + 1) sin( 4 x 1
g ( x) = cos(2 x ) 2
3
)h( x) = sin( x

-1-7
n =1
) n ( x a < x < b ) f(x
)f ( x) = cn n ( x
)(1-7
n =1
cn .
) n (x .
( ) n (x sin cos
.
( ) n (x
.
: cn ) (1-7 ) m (x
a < x < b
)(2-7
n =1
a n =1
m ( x) f ( x) dx = cn n ( x) m ( x) dx = cn n ( x) m ( x)dx
) n (x n=m

b
cn = f ( x) n ( x) dx
)(3-7

-1-1-7
T
} {1, cos( 0 x), cos(20 x),..., sin( 0 x), sin(2 0 x),...
.
2
T
)(4-7
a0
) )+ (an cos(n0 x) + bn sin(n 0 x
2 n =1
= 0
= )f ( x
an a0 bn ) (3-7 .
f ( x) dx
T
f ( x) cos(n x) dx
)(5-7
f ( x) sin(n x) dx
0
a0
2
dc ) f(x .
-2-1-7
:
: ) f(x < f ( x) dx
0 < x 1
1
= )) f ( x ) ((1-7 .

2
= a 0
T
= a n
T
b = 2
n T
) :(1-7 ) f(x
)f(x
2
) f ( x) = sin( ) 0 < x 1 ) ((2-7 .
) :(2-7 ) f(x
: ) f(x . ) (3-7
.
) :(3-7 ) f(x

. ) f(x

1-7
) f(x T
) f(x . x0
) f(x ) f(x x0
) f(x .
) (4-7
,T = 2
1
0
0 < x <1
f ( x) = .
1< x < 2
:
1
2
2
2
1
1
= = a0 = 1.dx = 1 , a n = cos(nx)dx
sin(nx) 0 = 0 ,
= 0
2
20
20
n
1 (1) n
n
n is even
=
n is odd
0
1
2
1
1
= bn = sin(nx)dx
cos(nx) 0 = 2
20
n
n
n
1 1 ( 1)
f ( x) = +
) sin(nx
2 n=1 n
) (1-7 ) f(x
) f(x .
) (1-7 n=19 n=3 n=1 n=79 ) (4-7
MATLAB .
) (2-7
) (5-7( f ( x) = x 2 , 0 x 2 T=2 .
( x = , 2 .
1 1
1
2
+
+
....
=
12 2 2 32
6
( :
:
4
, n0
n2
= cos(nx)dx
x
0
2
= an
2
4
4
4
+ 2 cos(nx)
sin(nx)
3
n
n =1 n
8 2
x
dx
=
0
3
2
= f ( x) = x 2
2
2
= = 1 a0
= 0
2
2
4
n
2
= x sin(nx)dx
0
2
2
= bn
x = f ( ) = 2
f (2 + ) + f (2 ) (2 ) + (0) 2
=
x = 2 = 2 2
2
2
2
) f (0 + ) + f (0
4 2 4
4
2
for x = 0
== = 2
+ 2 cos(n 0)
sin(n 0)
2
3
n
n =1 n
1 2
=
2
6
n =1 n
) (3-7
(
T =
f ( x) = sin( x) , 0 < x < ,
T =4
f ( x) = x , 2 < x < 2 ,
2 2 4
= 2
3
n =1 n
-3-1-7
2
) f(x bn f ( x) sin(n 0 x)dx = 0
T 1442443
= bn
odd function
2
) f(x an f ( x) cos(n0 x)dx = 0
T 1442443
= an
odd function
:
.
) (5-7 .
: ) g(x ) g ( x) = f ( x + 0.5 bn
1
2 2
2
= , an
(
1
x
)
(cos
n
x
)
dx
=
)) (1 cos(n
2 0
n 2 2
a0 = 1
)(1 cos(n )) cos(nx
2
2
n 2
1
2
g ( x) = + ) f ( x) = g ( x .05
n =1

)f(x
f ( x) =
1 2
+
(1 cos(n )) cos(n ( x .05)) =
2 n =1 n 2 2
1 2
n
2
n
+ 2 2 (1 cos(n )) cos( ) cos(nx) + 2 2 (1 cos(n )) sin( ) sin(n )
2 n=1 1
2
n
444444244244443 n
0
-4-1-7
T
2
n bn an f ( x + ) = f ( x) f(x)
T
2
n bn an f ( x + ) = f ( x) ) (
.( ) .
( 6-7)
:
0 = ,
a0 = 0 ,
4
0
1
2
2
a n = x cos(nx)dx + (1 x) cos(nx)dx = 2 2 (1 cos(n )) = n 2 2

2 1
0
n
0
2
0
1

n is odd
2
bn = x sin(nx)dx + (1 x) sin(nx)dx = n
2 1
0
0
n is even

n is odd
n is even
: ) p(x x
.
)(6-7
p ( m ) ( x) Fm +1 ( x) where
) p( x) f ( x)dx = p( x) F ( x) p( x) F ( x) + .....(1
)F ( x) = F ( x)dx , f ( x) = F ( x
1
m +1
-5-1-7
) f(x ) (0, a

( ) f(x )) g(x (
)(7-7
a0
g
(
x
)
=
< + a n cos(n 0 x) , < x

2 n =1
f ( x) = g ( x) , 0 < x < a
0< x<a
a< x<0
) f ( x
g ( x) =
) f ( x
( ) f(x )) g(x (
)(8-7
g
(
x
)
=
< bn sin(n 0 x) , < x

n =1
f ( x) = g ( x) , 0 < x < a
0< x<a
a< x<0
) f ( x
g ( x) =
) f ( x
( ) f(x T=a .
( ) f(x
)(9-7
g ( x) = f ( x ) , 0 < x < a

T
g ( x + ) = g ( x ) , T = 2a ,
2
0 < x <1
) (4-7
1< x < 2
1
f ( x) = 1 .
2
) (5-7 ) f(x .
-6-1-7
) f(x T=2L ) ( L, L
a0
2
2
)f ( x) = + an cos(n x) + bn sin(n x
2 n=1
2L
2L
)(10-7
(
)(11-7
a0
L
2
2
x+
{a n sin(n x) bn cos(n
x)} + K
2
2L
2L
n =1 n
a0
x
2
= f ( x)dx
a0
) f(x x
2
f ( x)dx
f ( x)dx
.
)(12-7
a0
L
2
2
=x
x)} + K
2
2L
2L
n =1 n
f ( x)dx
( ) f ( L) = f ( L ) f(x
)(13-7
n
2
2
{a n sin(n
x) + bn cos(n
})x
2L
2L
n =1 L
= )f ( x
) f (x .

) (7-7
f ( x) = x 2 , < x <
4(1) n
)cos(nx
n2
n =1
< x <
2
3
= )f ( x
x 3 2 x .
: .
a0
L
2
2
=x
x)} + K
2
2L
2L
n =1 n
12(1) n
sin(nx) + 0
n3
n =1
= x3 2 x
2
x dx
x 3 2 x 4(1) n
=
sin(nx) + K
3
n3
n =1
K .
(1) n +1
x
= )f ( x
= ) f ( x < x < )sin(nx
) (6-7
n
2
n =1
. g ( x) = x 2 . K .
-7-1-7
) f(x ) ( L, L
)(14-7
a0
2
2
)+ an cos(n x) + bn sin(n x
2 n=1
2L
2L
= )f ( x
) f(x -
T
2
)(15-7

=L
+L
a02 2
1
2
= f ( x)dx
+ a n + bn2
L L
2 n=1
0 x f(x)=sin(x) ( 8-7)
f ( x) =
1 + cos(n )
cos(nx)
n2 1
n=2
L =,
a0 2
= , bn = 0
2
1
1
1
+ 2 2 + 2 2 + .....
2
1 .3 3 .5 5 .7
2

=
(

)(
f ( x) sin(x)dx
)(18-7
= ) B (
) f(x B( ) = 0 f ( x) cos(x)dx
0
+
) f(x A( ) = 0 f ( x) sin(x)dx
0
= ) B(.

+ 2
f ( x) = .
2
0
0 < x <1
) (9-7
= ) A(.
1 < x < 0
others
) 1 cos(
1
0
2
1
= sin(x)dx
)cos(x
02
= ) B (
A( ) = 0
1 cos( )
f ( x) =
sin(x)d
)(19-7
, x&k >0
cos(x)d = e kx
2
+
2
)(20-7
, x&k >0
kx
sin(x)d = e
+
2
k
0
k
0
) (10-7 f ( x) = e x x > 0 ) f ( x) = f ( x .
: )( k=1) (19-7 cos(x)d
1+
) (11-7 f ( x) = f ( x) = e 2 x , x > 0
cos(2 ) d
4+
: ) (19-7 k=2 x=2 e 4
x <
) (12-7
cos(x)d
) sin(
<x<
x>
0
f ( x) = c > 0 < 0 C
0
= ) f ( x C .
0
: ) f(x . =
) f(x .
f ( x ) cos( x ) dx
) sin(
cos( x ) d
2c
= ) A (
=
0
) sin(
A ( ) cos( x ) d
2c
) c cos( x ) dx = sin( x
0
}
sin( ) cos( x ) d
2c
= )A( w
= )f ( x

= )f ( x
= = 1, = 1 , c
1 x
0
0 x 1
) (13-7
x >1
f ( ) cos(x)d = ) f ( .
0
:
1
2
) ) (1 cos(
= (1 x) cos(x)dx
= ) f ( ) = A(
) (14-7 f ( x) = P ( ) sin(x)d xf ( x) = Q( ) cos(x)d .

d
) P (
d
) Q( .
) = Q(
xf ( x) cos(x)dx
) (15-7 cos(x)d
) 2 sin(
d
1
= ) P (
d
f ( x) sin(x)dx
1
) sin( x 5
f ( x) = 0 0 x dx
x <1
= ) P (
x >1
.
:
)f(x
x=0 .
:
for = x 5 d = 5 x 4 dx
= d
) sin(
) sin( x 5
0 x dx = 10
) 2 sin(
= f (0) = 1
}
) sin( x 5
4
51x2
= dx
3
5
{ 0
2
x
d

f ( x) sin(x)dx
)(18-7
= ) B (
) f(x B( ) = 0 f ( x) cos(x)dx
0
+
) f(x A( ) = 0 f ( x) sin(x)dx
0
= ) B(.

+ 2
f ( x) = .
2
0
0 < x <1
) (9-7
= ) A(.
1 < x < 0
others
) 1 cos(
1
0
2
1
= sin(x)dx
)cos(x
02
= ) B (
A( ) = 0
1 cos( )
f ( x) =
sin(x)d
)(19-7
, x&k >0
cos(x)d = e kx
2
+
2
)(20-7
, x&k >0
kx
sin(x)d = e
+
2
k
0
k
0
) (10-7 f ( x) = e x x > 0 ) f ( x) = f ( x .
: )( k=1) (19-7 cos(x)d
1+
) (11-7 f ( x) = f ( x) = e 2 x , x > 0
cos(2 ) d
4+
: ) (19-7 k=2 x=2 e 4
x <
) (12-7
cos(x)d
) sin(
<x<
x>
0
f ( x) = c > 0 < 0 C
0
= ) f ( x C .
0
: ) f(x . =
) f(x .
f ( x ) cos( x ) dx
) sin(
cos( x ) d
2c
= ) A (
=
0
) sin(
A ( ) cos( x ) d
2c
) c cos( x ) dx = sin( x
0
}
sin( ) cos( x ) d
2c
= )A( w
= )f ( x

= )f ( x
= = 1, = 1 , c
1 x
0
0 x 1
) (13-7
x >1
f ( ) cos(x)d = ) f ( .
0
:
1
2
) ) (1 cos(
= (1 x) cos(x)dx
= ) f ( ) = A(
) (14-7 f ( x) = P ( ) sin(x)d xf ( x) = Q( ) cos(x)d .

d
) P (
d
) Q( .
) = Q(
xf ( x) cos(x)dx
) (15-7 cos(x)d
) 2 sin(
d
1
= ) P (
d
f ( x) sin(x)dx
1
) sin( x 5
f ( x) = 0 0 x dx
x <1
= ) P (
x >1
.
:
)f(x
x=0 .
:
for = x 5 d = 5 x 4 dx
= d
) sin(
) sin( x 5
0 x dx = 10
) 2 sin(
= f (0) = 1
}
) sin( x 5
4
51x2
= dx
3
5
{ 0
2
x
d


1
P( ) P( ) cos(x)dx = 3 .
0
0
0 < x <1
.1 1 < x < 2
2< x
.2 sin(3 )d
1+
.3 ) f ( x) = e x u ( x .
.4
; x <a
; x >a
x 2
f ( x) = .
0
.5 .
x<0
;
0
)cos(x) + sin(x
d =
;
2
0
1+
2
; e x
x=0
x>0
<x
> x
)cos(2 x
.6 dx
2
1 + x

;
;
)cos( x
) cos(
2 cos(x)d = 2
0 1 2
0

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Engineering Mathematics............................................................................................................................ By: Siahi

Engineering Mathematics............................................................................................................................ By: Siahi

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Engineering Mathematics............................................................................................................................ By: Siahi

Engineering Mathematics............................................................................................................................ By: Siahi

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= tan 1 ( ) < <

) ) z1 z 2 ...z n = r1r2 ...rn (cos(1 + 2 + ... n ) + i sin(1 + 2 + ... n

) (cos + i sin )n = cos(n ) + i sin (n

) (2-1 ) cos(3 ) sin(3 ) cos( ) sin( .

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) W n = z R n (cos(n ) + i sin(n ) ) = r (cos + i sin

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) (4-1 ) z = r (cos + sin

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, > 0 > 0 s.t : z z 0 < f ( z ) l <

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) f(z D ) f(z D . ) f(z

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) (5-2 ) f ( z ) = e x cos( y ) + ie x sin( y .

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) (7-2 u ( x, y ) = sin x cosh y .

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(e z = e x (cos y + i sin y ) = 3i = 3(cos

sinh cos sin cosh

sin cos 2 sinh cosh i 2

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. ( e i = cos + i sin ) )( 2-3)

. sin z = sin x cosh y + i cos x sinh y ( 3-3)

( ) . cos z = cos x cosh y i sin x sinh y

B ) sinh z = sinh x cos y + i cosh x sin y

D) cosh z = cosh x cos y + i sinh x sin y

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A) ln(1 + i) = ln( 2e 4 ) = ln 2 + i( + 2k ) = 0.34 + i( + 2k )

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< < Argz

D = {z | 1 < z < 2 , w=-2z+i.

) (2-4 } D = {z |10 < Argz < 30 w = e 3 z 3 .

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y=1 (u + 0)2 + v 1 = 1 y=2 (u + 0) + v 1 = 1

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w = sin z = sin( x + iy ) = sin x cosh y + i cos x sinh y = u + iv

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D = z | 1 < z < 2 , 0 Argz < w = z 2 .

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