Swimming Pool Construction: St. Alban School, Basel Planners: Weyss+Santos, Basel Photo: Bisig/Bayer, Basel

Swimming pool construction
St. Alban school, Basel Planners: Weyss+Santos, Basel Photo: Bisig/Bayer, Basel
The comprehensive product range from

Villeroy & Boch offers all the ceramic elements
that are required in the construction of state-of-theart swimming pools. All the system components
form part of a modular concept and are ideal for
combination with the PRO ARCHITECTURA colour
system, featuring more than 50 coordinated
colours.
Villeroy & Boch is also able to provide the following services to help you plan and implement your
swimming pool project:
Individual, application-oriented advice for
swimming pool projects (new construction and
restoration)
Design planning
CAD-based structural design for swimming pools
Tendering service
Swimming pool construction
Rehazenter, Luxembourg Architects: m3 architectes s.a. - Dell, Linster, Lucas, Luxembourg

Photo: Weber, Luxembourg Tile range: PRO ARCHITECTURA
Fundamentals of swimming pool construction

Defining the modular dimensions
The line of swimming pool ceramics consists of
All pool dimensions (rough shell and finished),
modular trims in a nominal length of 200 mm
fixtures, recesses for inlets and drains must be coor-
(195 + 5 mm joint) and modular tiles from the
dinated. The rough shell planning is made on the
PRO ARCHITECTURA range.
basis of the tile planning. The Villeroy & Boch tile
Modular tiles are based on the basic module M
planning service is free of charge. Please contact your
(100 mm) and multiples thereof, plus smaller sup-
sales agent or the Planning Department directly, at
plementary dimensions, e.g. 50 mm. The modular

dimensions of our tiles and functional trims are
V&B Fliesen GmbH
derived from the factory dimensions plus the joint
Herr Marco Warschburger
width. The smaller the tile/functional trim, the
Objektplanung - Technik + Gestaltung
smaller the joint can be. The resulting modular
Rotensteiner Weg
dimension will not change. The small format tiles
66663 Merzig
(10 x 10 cm, 5 x 5 cm and 2.5 x 2.5 cm) are supplied
Tel.:
+49 (0)6864 - 81 3245
on ready-to-set sheets (30 x 50 cm). The sheets are
Fax:
+49 (0)6864 - 81 3592
available with the lattice paper attached on the front
E-Mail: warschburger.marco@villeroy-boch.com
or back. For wet areas we recommend using tiles

with lattice paper on the front only or with glass
fibre lattice backing only. Lattice paper on front and
glass fibre lattice backing must be specified when
placing orders. Formats larger than 10 x 10 cm are
supplied loose in the box.
Position from edge = n x 200 + 102.5 mm
Centre distance = n x 200 mm
Rough shell = n x 200 + 127.5 mm

Finished dimension = n x 200 + 5 mm
Position from edge = n x 200 + 102.5 mm

Rough shell = n x 200 + 127.5 mm
Rough shell dimension = Finished dimension + 2 x 25 mm
The (nominal) length of the functional trims (200 mm)

determines a basic linear division for the dimensions
of the pool in multiples of 200 mm. As in masonry, this
is a break dimension and an additional joint must be
included.
Special note:
Please specify in your order if you require lattice
paper on the front side of mosaic tiles.
The finished length of the pool is therefore calculated

as follows: finished length = n x 200 mm + 5 mm
The rough shell length is calculated as follows:
Rough shell length = finished length + 2 x construction
thickness of walls
The walls are made of plaster, mortar and tiles =
generally 25 mm.
The rough shell length is therefore the finished lengh
+ 50 mm.
The position of the drains:
position from edge = n x 200 mm + 102.5 mm
The axial spacing of the drains is:
centre distance = n x 200 mm
The pool depth is calculated by:
depth = height of trim + n x 100 mm + 5 mm
To allow continual and uniform overflow, care must be
taken when laying the pool edge that it is perfectly horizontal and level. According to the German Guidelines
for pool construction deviations in height of +/- 2 mm
are acceptable.
The following drawings were produced by the company Villeroy & Boch. The user is responsible for verifying
the correctness and suitability of the variant concerned. Villeroy & Boch provides no guarantee and shall not be
held liable in this connection.

Drains
The number of drains depends on the size of the pool,
Villeroy & Boch supplies 35 mm drain connectors or
the size of the overflow channels and the water circula-
152 mm whispering drains to connect the tiles
tion, and should be calculated by a water-treatment
around the drain to the piping. These should be
firm. Approx. 2 3.5 m can be taken as a general guide-
ordered separately. As shown in the installation
line for the centre distance, depending on the overflow
instructions, the tiler should attach the short connec-
system. Drain funnels (available from manufacturers of
tor to the drain with epoxy resin.
accessories) should be concreted in to compensate for
The whispering drain is inserted from above and
installation tolerances in the drain piping.
secured with a rubber seal.
Drain dimensions in mm
Art.
3031
115
110
86
3061
75
90
75
3091
155
110
86
3071
125
110
86
Special note:
Outlet connectors and whispering drains must be
ordered separately.
Art. 3961
Whispering drain 65 mm
Drainage rate max. 5m3/h
Flange 83 mm
Plastic, grey
PN72
Price group E169
Art. 3971
Flange 100 mm
Plastic, grey
PN72
Price group E176
Drain funnel
Connection with whispering drain
Art. 3951
Drain connector 100 mm
Plastic, yellow
PN71
Price group E29
Drain funnel
Connection with connector drain
Swimming pool renovation

Thanks to its decades of experience,
225
Villeroy & Boch is the competent part-
47
125
Water level 0.00
Capillary breaking
joint filler
-0.02
restoration of existing swimming

pools. Our company offers you a
47
47
47
20
47
47
47
Art. 2706 "B"
30
ner for the construction of new and
inclined
Art. 3070
25
100
consultation and planning service
150
Bonded waterproofing
8,35 l/m
25
that will assist you in all stages of

97
project implementation. Please talk

to the Villeroy & Boch sales
25
225
172
representatives or to the relevant
97
department directly. See addresses

Art. 3201
97
97
97
97
on pages 252, 340.
97
When renovating swimming baths,
it is often necessary to install a

composite seal directly under the
25
300
tile covering.
72
47
3
3
3
20
3
3
3
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
25
Art. 2706 "B"
Art. 3591
250
25
Art. 3002
Art. 2706 "B"
inclined
6
25
Art. 3591
15
Water level 0.00
25
120
Capillary
breaking
joint filler
37 l/m
97
147
30
96
25
180
113
208
170
20
97
97
97
30
Art. 3103
97
3
Art. 3201
30
197
97
Art. 3171 or
Art. 3215
25
300
Overview of pool edge systems

High water level
Overflow channel
with functional trims
Art. 3070, Art. 3090
Uses (preferable):
Indoor, outdoor, recreation,
fun and hotel pools
PRO ARCHITECTURA colours

System trim
Article number
Material
PN00
PN04
PN13
page
Glazed / unglazed
262
262
262
Small overflow channel

Channel piece
Art. 3070
vitreous
Channel with drain
Art. 3071
Glazed / unglazed
vitreous
Inside corner
Art. 3074
Glazed / unglazed
vitreous
Large overflow channel

Channel piece
Art. 3090
Glazed / unglazed
263
Art. 3091
Glazed / unglazed
263
263
vitreous
Channel with drain
vitreous
Inside corner
Art. 3094
Glazed / unglazed
vitreous
Accessories
Whispering drain
Art. 3971
Plastic, grey
254, 262, 263, 269
Drain connector
Art. 3951
Plastic, yellow
254, 262, 263, 269

High water level
Overflow system with ceramic

grip ledge
St. Moritz system

Small format tiles
Art. 3002, Art. 3003
Uses (preferable):
Recreation, hotel and
private pools
Art. 3002, Art. 3005

Uses (preferable):
Indoor, outdoor, recreation,
fun and hotel pools
Finnish Pyrmont system

Art. 3003, Art. 3591
Uses (preferable):
Outdoor, recreation,
sport and teaching pools

System trim
Article number
Material
PN00
PN04
PN13
page
Finnish overflow system

Grip ledge
Art. 3002
Glazed vitreous
264
Grip trough
Art. 3003
Glazed vitreous
264
Outside angle piece
Art. 3005
Glazed vitreous
264
Z-profile
Art. 3591
Glazed vitreous
264
Rounded running piece
Art. 3086
Glazed vitreous
272
Rounded
Art. 3087
Glazed vitreous
272
Art. 3486
Glazed vitreous
272
Art. 3487
Glazed vitreous
272
Art. 3082
Glazed vitreous
273
Double bullnose
corner
Rounded
running piece
Rounded
corner
Pool ladder
Pool ladder
10

Low water level
Wiesbaden system
Art. 3060, Art. 3030,
Art. 3065
Uses (preferable):
Indoor, outdoor
and therapy pools

System trim
Article number
Material
PN00
PN04
PN13
PN70
page
Small Wiesbaden pool overflow

Channel piece
Art. 3060
Glazed vitreous
268
Channel with drain
Art. 3061
Glazed vitreous
268
Inside corner
Art. 3064
Glazed vitreous
268
Large Wiesbaden pool overflow

Channel piece
Art. 3030
Glazed vitreous
269
Channel with drain
Art. 3031
Glazed vitreous
269
Inside corner
Art. 3034
Glazed vitreous
269
Glazed / unglazed
261
261
Small pool edge piece

Running edge
Art. 3065
vitreous
Running edge,
Art. 3069
outside corner
Running edge,
Glazed / unglazed
vitreous
Art. 3468
Unglazed vitreous
261
Whispering drain
Art. 3961
Plastic, grey
254, 268
Whispering drain
Art. 3971
Plastic, grey
254, 262, 263, 269
Drain connector
Art. 3951
Plastic, yellow
254, 262, 263, 269
inside corner
Accessories
11

Special solution therapy pools | high-/low-level
Therapy system
Art. 3060, Art. 3030
Uses (preferable):
Therapy pools

System trim
Article number
Material
PN00
PN04
PN13
page
Small Wiesbaden pool overflow

Channel piece
Art. 3060
Glazed vitreous
268
Channel with drain
Art. 3061
Glazed vitreous
268
Inside corner
Art. 3064
Glazed vitreous
268
Large Wiesbaden pool overflow

Channel piece
Art. 3030
Glazed vitreous
269
Channel with drain
Art. 3031
Glazed vitreous
269
Inside corner
Art. 3034
Glazed vitreous
269
Whispering drain
Art. 3961
Plastic, grey
254, 268
Whispering drain
Art. 3971
Plastic, grey
254, 262, 263, 269
Drain connector
Art. 3951
Plastic, yellow
254, 262, 263, 269
Accessories
12

Low water level
Skimmer system
Art. 3065
Uses (preferable):
Private pools

System trim
Article number
Material
PN00
PN04
PN13
PN70
page
Glazed / unglazed
261
261
Small pool edge piece

Running edge
Art. 3065
vitreous
Running edge,
Art. 3069
outside corner
Running edge,
inside corner
13
Glazed / unglazed
vitreous
Art. 3468
Unglazed vitreous
261
Pool edge systems in detail

Low water level | Small pool edge piece
Applications
Material
Actual size
Joints approx.
Surface
Finish
Glaze
Packing
Calculation unit
Pool edge - indoors / outdoors

Glazed / unglazed vitreous
see diagrams
5 mm
formed
uni-coloured
matt
Piece
Piece
Special points For reasons of slip resistance,

the bead is unglazed.
Art. 3065
Channel piece
PN00, PN04, PN13
Price group E89
Matching wall tiles PRO ARCHITECTURA
Art. 3468
Inside corner
PN00, PN04, PN13
Price group E113
97
Art.2200 "B"
Art. 3065
75
40
97
This article is made of unglazed vitreous

and is only available in the colour PN70,
as only the unglazed bead is visible.
Skimmer according
to manufacturer's
instructions
97
Art. 3201
97
97
Water level 0.00
Art. 3069
Outside corner
PN00, PN04, PN13
Price group E144
Low water level Skimmer system

Uses (preferable):
Private pools
Note:
To ensure swimming pool water of hygienic quality, the water is to be treated and disinfected in accordance
with DIN 19643-1 (treatment of water for swimming pools). To prevent fungal attack, the surfacing is to undergo
thorough cleaning once annually, replacing the entire filling of water.
14

High water level | Small overflow channel Wiesbaden pool overflow
Applications
Material
Actual size
Joints approx.
Surface
Finish
Glaze
Packing
Calculation unit
Art. 3070
Channel piece
PN00, PN04, PN13
Price group E94

see diagrams
5 mm
formed
uni-coloured
matt
Piece
Piece

225
47
125
Water level 0.00
47
Capillary breaking
joint filler
47
20
47
25
97
25
100
150
Art. 3070
225
97
172
3
97
3
97
Reaction resin filler
97
97
Watertight concrete
97
3
Art. 3971
Flange 100 mm
Plastic, grey
PN72
Price group E176
15
47
47
inclined
Art. 3201
Art. 3951
Outlet 100 mm
PN00, PN04, PN13
Price group E29
8,35 l/m
25
Art. 3071
Outlet 86 mm
PN00, PN04, PN13
Price group E119
47
Art. 2706 "B"
30
-0.02
Art. 3074
Inside corner
PN00, PN04, PN13
Price group E162
25
300
High water level overflow channel with moulded trims

Uses (preferable):
Indoor, outdoor, recreation, fun and hotel pools

High water level | Large overflow channel Wiesbaden pool overflow
Applications
Material
Actual size
Joints approx.
Surface
Finish
Glaze
Packing
Calculation unit

see diagrams
5 mm
formed
uni-coloured
matt
Piece
Piece

Art. 3090
Channel piece
PN00, PN04, PN13
Price group E112
300
105
155
Water level 0.00
30
0
5
20
97
97
Art. 2200 "B"
25
25
135
19.0 l/m
Art. 3090
97
Art. 3094
Inside corner
PN00, PN04, PN13
Price group E162
97
inclined
0
21
300
200
1
40
Capillary breaking
joint filler
Art. 3005 "C"
-0.035
35
60
30
35
140
10
60
300
97
Art. 3201
97
25
97
Watertight concrete
3
97
Art. 3951
Plastic, yellow
PN71
Price group E29
97
97
Art. 3091
Outlet 86 mm
PN00, PN04, PN13
Price group E131
300
25
High water level overflow channel with moulded trims

Uses (preferable):
Indoor, outdoor, recreation, fun and hotel pools
Art. 3971
Flange 100 mm
Plastic, grey
PN72
Price group E176
16

High water level | Finnish overflow system
Applications
Material
Actual size
Joints approx.
Surface
Finish
Glaze
Packing
Calculation unit
Matching wall tiles
Art. 3002
Grip ledge
PN04
Price group E30
Special points

see diagrams
3 mm
formed, rough
uni-coloured
matt
Piece
Piece
PRO ARCHITECTURA
Underwater edges such as steps or the front edge of the
Finnish system must be accentuated with a stripe of
a different colour (PA06).
In Germany, FINNISH overflow systems are expected to
satisfy the following requirements:
The pool edge must offer something to hold onto (grip).
The grip must be 15 mm high/deep.
The grip must be situated within 100 mm of the vertical
wall of the pool.
The rear side of the grip should be as vertical
as possible.
The top of the grip must be accentuated by means of a
stripe of contrasting colour measuring at least 2.5 cm
across.
The slope of the washover incline must be about 10 %,
and the surface finish must answer the description of
slip resistance category C.
8,5
Art. 3003
Grip trough
PN04
Price group E30
72
97
97
250
25
Art. 3002
Art. 3591
6
37 l/m
97
30
Art. 3103
97
328
97
3
97
Watertight concrete
3
3
30
96
25
97
17
Capillary
breaking
joint filler
147
25
300
113
208
47
3 3
47
47
47
47
inclined
Art. 2706 "B"
Art. 3171 or
Art. 3215
275
14
Art. 3591
Art. 3591
Running edge
PN00, PN04
Price group E23
47
max 10%
30
Art. 3201
25
197
15
3 9
inclination
97
Art. 3005
Angle piece
PN04, PN70
Price group E30
Art. 3246 "C"
47
25
Water level 0.00
170

High water level | Finnish overflow system
72
97
97
250
25
Art. 3003
Art. 3246 "C"
47
47
Art. 3591
max 10%
Art. 3171 or
Art. 3215
147
97
47
47
47
47
inclined
Art. 2706 "B"
30
Art. 3103
3
97
30
Art. 3201
197
37 l/m
4
3 3
Capillary
breaking
joint filler
258
30
47
10
3 23
97
inclination
14
25
Art. 3591
25
Water level 0.00
96
314
208
170
97
25
113
97
97
Watertight concrete
300
25
72
352
166
180
20
97
97
20
50
30
50
-0.03
+0.02
548
25
200
197
30
15
15
Water level 0.00
Art. 2702 "C"
30
Art. 2200 "B"

Art. 3002
197
Art. 3107
197
Watertight concrete
25
300
18

High water level | Overflow system Finnish
60
Art. 3005 "C"
97
20
25
Art. 2200 "B"

inclined
97
97
197
147
235
3
97
Capillarybreaking
joint filler
37 l/m
30
97
Art. 3005 "C"
Art. 3171 or
Art. 3215
25 103
30
Art. 3103
Art. 3201
30
15
250
15
Art. 3002
Water level 0.00
60
30
72
3
30
97
Reaction resin
filler
96
163
25
208
155
20
97
97
113
97
Watertight concrete
300
25
Uses (preferable): Indoor, outdoor, recreation, fun and hotel pools
72
47
3
3
3
20
3
3
3
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
25
Art. 2706 "B"
Art. 3591
250
25
Art. 3002
Art. 2706 "B"
inclined
6
25
Art. 3591
15
Water level 0.00
97
Art. 3171 or
Art. 3215
120
Capillary
breaking
joint filler
37 l/m
97
147
180
113
208
97
3
Watertight concrete
97
3
30
30
96
25
97
97
Reaction resin
filler
25
300
Uses (preferable): Indoor, outdoor, recreation, fun and hotel pools
19
Art. 3103
Art. 3201
30
197
25
170
20

High water level | St. Moritz System
23 23
The rounded-off pool border is
72
2 3
higher than the pool surround.
Water level 0.00
15
Art. 3002
The water level is approximately

50-60 cm above the pool surround.
197
The water flows over the pool

border, running down the
outside and into the overflow
Art. 3215
channel, the top of which is flush
Art. 3753
with the pool surround. The overlow, open trough or as
197
600
flow is executed either as a shala grate-covered, tiled, channel.
Small format tiles are preferable.

With deference to possible
25
used for filling the
25
Art. 3591
Art. 2200 "B"
-0.60
Art. 3215
115
Art. 3215
Capillary
breaking
joint filler
25
inclined
197
Art. 3103
30
3
147
70
290
25
3
30
Watertight concrete
197
joints.
25
170
197
erosion, epoxy resin should be
Uses (preferable): Recreation, hotel and private pools
20

Low water level | Small Wiesbaden pool overflow
Applications
Material
Actual size
Joints approx.
Surface
Finish
Glaze
Packing
Calculation unit
Art. 3060
Channel piece
PN00, PN04, PN13
Price group E82

Glazed vitreous
see diagrams
5 mm
formed
uni-coloured
matt
Piece
Piece
342
Art. 3064
Inside corner
PN00, PN04, PN13
Price group E123
40
97
97
97
20
25
89
75
Art. 3709
48
Capillary breaking
joint filler
Art. 3107
100
5,2 l/m
100
Art. 3060
25
25
120
172
197
25
Art. 3107
Watertight concrete
197
Art. 3961
Flange 83 mm
Plastic, grey
PN72
Price group E169
25
300
Low water level

Uses (preferable):
Indoor, outdoor and therapy pools
21
97
Art. 3061
Outlet 86 mm
PN00, PN04, PN13
Price group E118
Art. 2200 "B"
Art. 3065
Water level 0.00
97

Low water level | Large Wiesbaden pool overflow
Applications
Material
Actual size
Joints approx.
Surface
Finish
Glaze
Packing
Calculation unit

Glazed vitreous
see diagrams
5 mm
formed
uni-coloured
matt
Piece
Piece
Art. 3030
Channel piece
PN00, PN04, PN13
Price group E91
491
40
146
146
146
20
146
Art. 2215 "B"
75
Art. 3065
160
235
Water level 0.00
Capillary breaking
joint filler
23
150
25
Art. 3107
150
Art. 3034
Inside corner
PN00, PN04, PN13
Price group E137
14.5 l/m
Art. 3031
Outlet 86 mm
PN00, PN04, PN13
Price group E121
25
Art. 3030
25
197
200
25
225
242
Art. 3107
Watertight concrete
197
Art. 3951
Plastic, yellow
PN71
Price group E29
25
300
Low water level

Art. 3971
Flange 100 mm
Plastic, grey
PN72
Price group E176
Uses (preferable):
Indoor, outdoor and therapy pools
22
Special designs
Therapy pools
The pool must have an overflow channel on at
In Germany, the design and construction of medi-
least one side and one end.
cinal baths is subject to the following basic rules:
As a rule, the therapists gallery should run along
The minimum dimensions for therapy pools are
one side of the pool and have a minimum width
3 x 4 m.
of 75 cm and a minimum depth of 80 cm.
The minimum water depth is 0.5 m for children
A handrail or ledge must be provided at the edge
and 0.8 m for adults.
of the pool (water level).
The maximum water depth is 1.35 m.

The pool must have an overflow channel running
The steps must be at least 60 cm wide.
along all its sides. Skimmers are not acceptable for
The maximum slope for ramps is 15 %.
hygienic reasons.
The slope of the pools floor should ideally be
constant, and should not exceed 4%.
123
60
Art. 3086
48
48
60
Art. 3709
97
218
75
48
60
60
25
+0.12
Capillary
breaking
joint filler
Water level 0.00
48
120
25
97
25
205
97
25
640
97
350
97
25
97
145
97
97
97

Art. 3201
Art. 3201
25
100
5,2 l/m
97
100
Art. 3060
Art.3086
60
97
Watertight concrete
Art. 3350 (cut)

10
42
15
97
3
Polystyrene strip
Art. 2200 "B"
97
97
Art. 2072 "B"
-0.68
23
25
1 2 3 =Elastic joint sealant

300
Special designs
Therapy pools
113
287
75
150
25
145
25
205
350
25
25
97
75
Art. 3753
97
Art. 3201
100
5,2 l/m
97
Art. 3060
90
75
100
Watertight concrete
25
97
97
123
97
3
147
3
97
Water level 0.00
75
145
Capillary
breaking
joint filler
100 25
+0.15
-0.75
Art. 2404 "B"
97
147
250
1 2 3 4 = Elastic joint sealant
24
Moulded trims
Large double bullnose
Applications
Material
Actual size
Joints approx.
Surface
Finish
Glaze
Packing
Calculation unit
Art. 3086
PN00, PN04, PN13
Price group E20
Art. 3087
Rounded corner
PN00, PN04, PN13
Price group E43

Glazed vitreous
see diagrams
5 mm
formed
uni-coloured
matt
Piece
Piece
Small double bullnose
Art. 3486
PN00, PN04, PN13
Price group E18
Applications
Material
Actual size
Joints approx.
Surface
Finish
Glaze
Packing
Calculation unit
Art. 3487
Rounded corner
PN00, PN04, PN13
Price group E33

Glazed vitreous
see diagrams
5 mm
formed
uni-coloured
matt
Piece
Piece
60
48
300
60
47
47
47
20
47
47
47
47
47
155
Art. 3086
Capillary
breaking
joint filler Art. 3005
Art. 3709
10
Water level 0.00
Art. 2706 "B"

inclined
60
-0.035
55
110
Art. 3090
25
25
25
Art. 3709
109
88
300
25
185
485
25
-0.522
425
Top concrete layer
25
Art. 3709
25
Art. 3486
66
88
30
Watertight concrete
Moulded trims
Ladder
Applications
Material
Actual size
Joints approx.
Surface
Finish
Glaze
Packing
Calculation unit
PN00, PN04, PN13
Art. 3082
Ladder

Glazed vitreous
see diagrams
5 mm
formed
uni-coloured
matt
Piece
Piece
Price group E86
72
15
3 15
inclination
Art. 3215
Art. 3005 "C"
Art. 2706 "B"
14
inclined
max 10%
Art. 3171 or
Art. 3215
Capillary breaking
joint filler
37 l/m
30
97
300
3 47 3 47 3 47 3 47 3 3 47 3 47 3 47 3
250
311
97
15
3 60
97
Art. 3246 "C"
Art. 3002
Water level 0.00
97
Art. 3103
3
97
Art. 3201
108
97
102
19
80
97
97
3 44 3
25
25
156
97
306
80
97
Watertight concrete
97
3
Art. 3201
97
306
97
97
306
97
Art. 3082
100
156
25
26
Moulded trims
Pool access steps
Applications
Material
Actual size
Joints approx.
Surface
Finish
Glaze
Packing
Calculation unit
Matching wall tiles
Art. 3003
Grip trough
PN04
Price group E30
PRO ARCHITECTURA
Underwater edges such as steps or the front edge of the
Finnish system must be accentuated with a stripe of
a different colour (PA06).
8,5
Special points

see diagrams
3 mm
formed, rough
uni-coloured
matt
Piece
Piece
Art. 3005
Angle piece
PN04, PN70
Price group E30
62
97
250
297
24
Art. 3246 "C"
Art. 3003
Water level 0.00
121
3
97
6
37 l/m
36
147
30
30
25
3
25
97
3
3
34
300
30
97
97
-0.32
3
30
3 3
30 29
60
158
37
Art. 3103
Art. 3005 "C"

3
97
-0.16
Capillary
breaking
joint filler
197
Art. 3171 or
Art. 3215
60
inclination
max 10%
Art. 3201
Art. 2121 "B" or

Art. 2122 "B"
25
Art. 3591
96
213
112
208
97
-0.48
300
27
97
3 3
30 29
60
97
Art. 3246 "C"

3
34
Watertight concrete
Top concrete layer
25
300
300
25
250
200
inclined
Technical aspects of application for swimming pools

Static systems, movement joints
The pool must be structurally independent of the
joints around and, where necessary, within the pool.
remaining structure. The structural engineer is
The following static systems can be used to effect
responsible for selecting the static system. His
the structural separation of the pool from the
decision dictates the arrangement of movement
remaining structure.
Surround formed as single span slab
Surround formed as cantilever slab on the

pool
Surround formed as cantilever slab on the

structure
Waterproofing of movement joints for overflow systems

The movement joint is situated in an area which is
Nowadays, pool surrounds are usually water-
exposed to high strain through water. The type of
proofed with brushable coatings, so-called alternati-
water-proofing to be used for the joint depends on
ve waterproofing, in accordance with ZDB leaflet.
the waterproofing of the pool surround.
Capillary breaking joint filler

Tiles
Thin-bed mortar
Elastic joint sealant with closed cell rope
Water level 0.00
> 150
inclined
Sealing tape
Sloping screed covered with thermal insulation,
protective sheet and reinforced screed
Watertight concrete
28

Pool construction
Pools to be clad with tiles are usually made of reinfor-
After completing the reinforced concrete body of the
ced concrete.
pool, in order to verify watertightness, the customer is

to fill the pool with chlorinated water for test purpos-
In some cases pools made of steel - e.g. on pleasure
es to the level of the rim around the pool (exposed
cruisers - or plastic can also be lined with vitreous
concrete). The outside of freestanding pools should
tiles. In such cases, please ask for more detailed infor-
also not be waterproofed until after the leak test.
mation.
Marking the water level during the leak test provides
The following considerations apply exclusively to
an excellently accurate line of reference for positio-
reinforced waterlight concrete pools.
ning the ceramic accessories for the overflow without

the need for carrying out special additional measure-
This can be achieved by:
ments.
using impermeable concrete or

waterproofing.
Pools made of watertight concrete

The pool is made of impermeable concrete in accordance with DIN 1045 and the structural analysis.
The concrete must be and remain free of cracks.
Appropriate aftertreatment of concrete

(by keeping it moist)
Minimum strength category of concrete: B25.
Minimum overlap of reinforcing rods: 5 cm.
The following points should be heeded when
water, e.g. salt water, the bonding agents used
Proper composition of aggregates and according-
should be selected on the basis of a water
ly a low water/cement ratio.
analysis.
For practical reasons, pool floors and walls should
It is desirable to pour the floor and walls in a
be at least 25 cm thick and the upturn behind
single operation. Should a construction joint
and/or in front of the drainage channel should be
between the floor and the walls be necessary,
at least 15 cm thick, in the absence of any addi-
a stop-end joint tape must be inserted.
tional sealing.
Optimal compaction of freshly poured concrete by
means of an immersion vibrator.
Tiles
Elastic joint sealant
Stop end joint tape
Reinforcement
29
For pools intended to be filled with aggressive
building the pool:

Pool construction
Pools with waterproofing bonded with ceramic tiles
As a technical rule for this type of waterproofing see
the leaflet from the ZDB Ceramic tiles in swimming
pool construction - Advice on planning and implementation. and DIN 18195-7.
Materials to be used:
Synthetic cement mixtures or
Reactive resins
Required properties:
Adhesive strength 0.5 N/mm2
Frost resistance 0.5 N/mm2
Thermal stability 70C (HZF) 0,5 N/mm
Resistance to caustic potash solution 3% 0,5 N/mm
2
Resistance to lime water 0,5 N/mm
Resistance to lime water 0.5 N/mm2
Impermeability to water after 7 days at 3 bar
Bridging cracks of up to 0.4 mm
(Fix load over 24 hours)
Resistance to chemicals
Suitable bases
Concrete in accordance with DIN 1405
and DIN 4227
Underlay waterproof plaster in accordance with
DIN 18550, mortar group P III
Levelling screed as bonded levelling screed in
accordance with DIN 18560, quality ZE 20
The dimensional accuracy of the backing should
correspond with the finished cladding. Considerable
unevenness should be compensated for beforehand
with underlay waterproof plaster or levelling screed.
The base material must be free of abherents, debris,
dust, binding agents, efflorescence or other contaminants that could impair adhesion.
Concrete surfaces on the pool walls should be sandblasted.
Resulting cracks or the movement of existing cracks
should not exceed 0.5 mm. Cracks of more than
0.5 mm width must be grouted under pressure.
Waterproofing
Waterproofing should be carried out according to
the manufacturers instructions. The thickness of the
waterproofing depends on the material used and
the specifications of the manufacturer.
Pipes are incorporated in the surface waterproofing

by means of a gasket or flange.
Floor drains need a wide flange to take the waterproofing.
At structure joints and corners wherever movements are to be expected, the waterproofing should
be reinforced with bonded fabric or foil.
Tiles
Thin-bed mortar
Sealing tape
Closed cell rope
Screed
Watertight concrete
Waterproofing on structure joint
Levelling coat
Tiles
Thin-bed mortar
Sealing tape in corner
Closed cell rope
Insulation strip
Screed
Watertight concrete
Waterproofing at wall/floor joint
30

Ceramic claddings
In principle all types of tiling belong to one of the
Differentiation is necessary with deference to:
following groups:
The properties of the finished cladding
Bonded claddings
The anticipated stress levels in the cladding
Floating claddings
construction
The size of sections and the location and
execution of expansion/structural joints.
Bonded claddings
Bonded claddings are based on the principle of
must be free of the following:
frictional connection, i.e. no movement is possible
residue and debris such as wood, metal, formwork
between the ceramic tiles and the solid base, much
lube or other contaminating layers that could
like in a reinforced concrete component.
impair adhesion
cracks or efflorescence
The conventional setting method involves the use of
considerable unevenness
bedding mortar, while the thin bed method in accor-
too smooth a surface.
dance with DIN 18157 relies on an adhesive to effect
Movement joints should be limited to the same locati-
the bond. To achieve a good bond, the base material
ons and widths as those of the existing structure
Concrete
Bonding course
Concrete
Bonded screed
(Levelling course)
Concrete
Bonding course
Thin-bed mortar
(acc. DIN 18157)
Thin-bed mortar
(acc. DIN 18157)
Thick-bed mortar
(Levelling course)
Tiles
Tiles
Tiles
Bonded claddings
Floating claddings
A floating cladding is when the cladding is separated
Unlike bonded claddings, floating claddings should
from the backing by insulation, foils, oil-impregnated
be subdivided by movement joints around the bor-
paper or the like in accordance with DIN 18195.
ders of and between individual sections.
Concrete
Concrete
Concrete
Separation layer
(double layer)
(acc.w. DIN 18195)
Thermal insulation
Reinforced screed
(local distribut. course)
Separation layer
(single layer)
Thin-bed mortar
(acc. DIN 18157)
Reinforced screed
(burden-sharing course)
Tiles
Thin-bed mortar
(acc. DIN 18157)
Tiles
Separation layer
(double layer)
Reinforced screed
(local distribut. course)
Thin-bed mortar
(acc. DIN 18157)
Tiles
Floating claddings
31

Ceramic claddings
Pool claddings
In the case of a swimming pool made of imperme-
Most serious damage resulting from the failure of the
able concrete the tiles are attached by means of the
bond between the tiles and the backing is caused by
BONDED CLADDING principle.
shear stresses building up in the interface. Shear

stress occurs most often when the young concrete
VOB-DIN 18352 Working with tiles and slabs
is tiled before it has finished shrinking.
applies for bonded cladding in mortar (so-called

conventional or thick bed tiling)
In accordance with point 7.2 of the information leaflet

"Schwimmbadbau" - Hinweise fr Planung und
DIN 18157 Tiling ceramic coverings using the thin
Ausfhrung Keramischer Belge im
bed method applies for thin bed tiling.
Schwimmbadbau" ("Swimming pool construction

Instructions on planning and producing ceramic
DIN 18550 Plaster applies for screeds, DIN 18560
coverings in swimming pool construction"), publis-
Part 3 The use of screeds bonded screeds.
hed by the central association of the German building industry (ZDB) in July 2008, the concrete should
If the backing is as level as the finished cladding is
have a minimum age of 6 months pursuant to DIN
expected to be, the tiles can be fixed directly to the
1045.
concrete by the thin bed method.

In general, however, it is necessary to compensate for
a certain amount of unevenness. This is done by
applying an underlay of waterproof plaster of mortar
group III, preferably pure cement plaster. The tiles are
attached to the prepared backing with a thin bed of
hydraulic mortar in accordance with DIN 18156, Part 2.
When fixing the tiles directly on to the shotcrete with
a cement-based mortar, the back of the vitreous tiles
must first be powdered lightly with cement or coated
with cement-based grout.
Note:
To ensure swimming pool water of hygienic quality, the water is to be treated and disinfected in accordance
with DIN 19643-1 (treatment of water for swimming pools). To prevent fungal attack, the surfacing is to undergo
thorough cleaning once annually, replacing the entire filling of water.
32

Ceramic claddings
Floor and wall claddings in wet rooms
Tiles
Thin-bed mortar
Sealing tape
Edge protection bead
Closed cell rope
Elastic joint sealer
Floor claddings which are classified as having a

high exposure to moisture require waterproofing
and that the floors slope towards the drains. Ths
slope of the waterproofing layer corresponds to that
of the finished tiling. For ceramic tiles a slope of 1
2 % is usually sufficient. In showering rooms the
floor in the vicinity of the showers should slope at
a 3% gradient.
Screed
The waterproofing must extend over movement

joints. Permalastic sealing strips should be used for
this purpose.
Watertight concrete
(Figure 1)
Drains are to be integrated into the surface waterproofing by means of a flange or gasket.
Figure 1: Waterproofing on screed joint

(Figure 2)
The level of the floor at the transition between wet

and dry rooms can be the same. The transition
should, however, not lie within the splash area and
the rooms should be separated by a door. The floor
Screed
Glass fibre fabric collar
Reinforcing collar
Thin-bed mortar
Polymer concrete collar
Tiles
inclined
inclined
of the wet room should slope sufficiently towards

the drain.
(Figure 3)
Pipes and tap fittings that penetrate wall claddings

are integrated into the surface waterproofing by
means of a press-on flange.
Figure 2: Waterproofing connection at drain
Wet area
Door leaf
Dry area
Angle beads with

movement joints
Closed cell rope
Sealing tape
inclined
Figure 3: Transition between a wet and a dry room
33

Ceramic claddings
Ceramic tiles on underfloor heating
Screeds on an insulating layer and heated screeds
ed wherever possible. Structural joints should be
should be reinforced. These screeds are to be divid-
taken on in the same width and in the same location.
ed into sections by section boundary joints: in
The screed sections should also be subdivided at
unheated screeds maximum 60 m2 in size with a
doorways and wall projections. The heating pipes
maximum edge length of 8 m and in heated screeds
should not cross the section joints in heated screeds
maximum 40 m2 in size with a maximum edge
where possible. If this should prove necessary,
length of 6.5 m. Compact sections should be creat-
300 mm long pipe sleeves should be used.
Heating conductor
Pipe sleeve
Sealing tape
Closed cell rope
Movement in heated and unheated floating coverings
Movement joint in heated claddings.
34

Swimming Pool Construction: St. Alban School, Basel Planners: Weyss+Santos, Basel Photo: Bisig/Bayer, Basel

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Swimming Pool Construction: St. Alban School, Basel Planners: Weyss+Santos, Basel Photo: Bisig/Bayer, Basel

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Swimming pool construction

The comprehensive product range from

Swimming pool construction

Rehazenter, Luxembourg Architects: m3 architectes s.a. - Dell, Linster, Lucas, Luxembourg

Fundamentals of swimming pool construction

The line of swimming pool ceramics consists of

All pool dimensions (rough shell and finished),

modular trims in a nominal length of 200 mm

fixtures, recesses for inlets and drains must be coor-

(195 + 5 mm joint) and modular tiles from the

dinated. The rough shell planning is made on the

PRO ARCHITECTURA range.

basis of the tile planning. The Villeroy & Boch tile

Modular tiles are based on the basic module M

planning service is free of charge. Please contact your

(100 mm) and multiples thereof, plus smaller sup-

sales agent or the Planning Department directly, at

plementary dimensions, e.g. 50 mm. The modular

V&B Fliesen GmbH

derived from the factory dimensions plus the joint

Herr Marco Warschburger

width. The smaller the tile/functional trim, the

Objektplanung - Technik + Gestaltung

smaller the joint can be. The resulting modular

dimension will not change. The small format tiles

(10 x 10 cm, 5 x 5 cm and 2.5 x 2.5 cm) are supplied

+49 (0)6864 - 81 3245

on ready-to-set sheets (30 x 50 cm). The sheets are

+49 (0)6864 - 81 3592

available with the lattice paper attached on the front

or back. For wet areas we recommend using tiles

Fundamentals of swimming pool construction

Position from edge = n x 200 + 102.5 mm

Centre distance = n x 200 mm

Rough shell = n x 200 + 127.5 mm

Position from edge = n x 200 + 102.5 mm

Rough shell dimension = Finished dimension + 2 x 25 mm

The (nominal) length of the functional trims (200 mm)

The finished length of the pool is therefore calculated

Fundamentals of swimming pool construction

Villeroy & Boch supplies 35 mm drain connectors or

the size of the overflow channels and the water circula-

152 mm whispering drains to connect the tiles

tion, and should be calculated by a water-treatment

around the drain to the piping. These should be

firm. Approx. 2 3.5 m can be taken as a general guide-

ordered separately. As shown in the installation

line for the centre distance, depending on the overflow

instructions, the tiler should attach the short connec-

system. Drain funnels (available from manufacturers of

tor to the drain with epoxy resin.

accessories) should be concreted in to compensate for

The whispering drain is inserted from above and

installation tolerances in the drain piping.

secured with a rubber seal.

Connection with whispering drain

Connection with connector drain

Swimming pool renovation

Villeroy & Boch is the competent part-

Water level 0.00

restoration of existing swimming

Art. 2706 "B"

ner for the construction of new and