Bi 23

MCH IN XOAY CHIU BA PHA

Mc tiu:
Hiu ngun in 3 pha v cc i lng c trng ca
mch in 3 pha.
Bit cch ni ngun in v ti hnh sao, tam gic v cc
quan h gia dy v pha.
I KHI NIM V MCH IN XOAY CHIU BA PHA
Mch in ba pha gm:
Ngun in

ng dy

Ti ba pha

I KHI NIM V MCH IN

XOAY CHIU BA PHA
1.Ngun in ba pha
to ra dng in xoay chiu ba pha dng my
pht in xoay chiu ba pha
My pht in ba pha:
a. Cu to
Gm 3 dy qun AX,BY,CZ v nam chm in
Cc dy qun AX, BY, CZ c cng s vng dy,
t lch nhau mt gc

trong khng gian

My pht in xoay chiu ba pha

Dy qun pha A k hiu l
AX.
Dy qun pha B k hiu
l BY.
Dy qun pha C k hiu
l CZ.
A, B, C l cc im u
dy qun.
X, Y, Z l cc im cui
dy qun.

My pht in xoay chiu ba pha

b. Nguyn l lm vic
Khi quay nam chm vi
tc khng i, t
trng s ln lt
qut qua cc dy qun
v cm ng vo trong
dy qun cc sc in
ng xoay chiu cng
bin , tn s v
2
lch pha nhau 1 gc:

b. Nguyn l lm vic
Khi quay nam chm vi tc khng i, t trng s
ln lt qut qua cc dy qun v cm ng vo trong dy
qun cc sc in ng xoay chiu cng bin , tn s
v lch pha nhau 1 gc
th:
e

e A eB

C
eC

th tr s s tc thi

th vct s 3 pha

2. Ti ba pha
Thng l: ng c in 3 pha, l in 3 pha.....
Tng tr ca cc pha A, B, C ca ti k hiu
nh sau:
A

IA

eA

ZA

ZA

X
Z

ZB
ZC

eC

IB

Y
eB

B
IC

ZB
ZC

II - CCH NI NGUN IN V TI BA PHA

Mch in ba pha khng lin h:

IA

eA

Mi pha ca ngun in ni ring r

ZA

X
eC

vi mi pha ca ti, thc t t s dng.

IB

Y
eB

1. Cch ni ngun in ba pha

IC

Thng dng 2 cch ni: ni hnh sao (Y),

ni hnh tam gic ( )
Ni hnh sao:
3 im cui X, Y, Z ni vi nhau to
thnh im trung tnh O.

Ni hnh tam gic:

eC

eA

u pha ny ni vi cui pha kia

C
eB

ZB
ZC

1. Cch ni ngun in ba pha

Ni hnh sao
A

eA
Y

Z
X

eC

eB
B

1. Cch ni ngun in ba pha

Ni hnh sao c dy trung tnh
A

eA
Y
O

Z
X

eC

eB
B

1. Cch ni ngun in ba pha

Ni tam gic
A

eC

eA

eB

2.Cch ni ti ba pha
Ni hnh sao
A

Y
O

Z
X

2.Cch ni ti ba pha
Ni hnh tam gic
A
Z

III S MCH IN BA PHA

1. S mch in ba pha
Dy pha: ni im u ca ngun (A,B,C) n cc ti
Dy trung tnh: ni t im trung tnh ca ngun (o)
n im trung tnh ca ti (o)
Dng in dy (Id): l dng in chy trong dy pha.
Dng in pha (Ip): l dng in chy trong mi pha.
in p dy (Ud): l in p gia hai dy pha.
in p pha (Up): l in p gia dy pha v
dy trung tnh.
a) Ngun ni sao, ti ni sao

IA

eA

Up

Ud

eB
C

eC

B
B

IC

IB
Ngun ni sao, ti ni sao

b) Ngun in v ti ni sao c dy trung tnh

IA

eA

Up

eC

Ud
Io

eB
C

B
C

IC

IB

c) Ngun in ni sao, ti ni tam gic

Id

Up
eA

Ud

eB
C

eC

Ip

1. Ngun in v ti ba pha 1, 2, 3 c ni hnh g?

A
B

C
O

2. Quan h gia i lng dy v i lng pha

Id
A
Khi ni hnh sao

Id I p
U d 3U p

UP

eA

Ud
eB

eC

C
A

Khi ni tam gic

eC

I d 3I p
Ud U p

eA

eB

Mt my pht ba pha c :

Up

= 220 V

Ud
Nu ni hnh sao ta c:

eA

U p = 220 V
U d 3U p

Y
O

= 380V

Z
X

220 V

eC

eB

380V
B

 Nu ni hnh
tam gic ta c :

Ud

Up

= 220 V

eC

eA

220 V
B

eB
Vy ti sao trong thc t ngun in thng
c ni hnh sao?

Ti ba pha gm 3 in tr R= 10 ni hnh tam gic,

ngun c U d = 380 V. Tnh I p, I d

Id

eA

Ip

380V
C

eB
eC

10

Ti ni tam gic nn:

Ud

Up

= 380 V

Id

A
eA

380V

Dng in pha ca ti :

380
Ip

38
R
10
Dng in dy ca ti:

I d 3I p
= 3.38
= 65,8A

eC

Ip
C

eB

Up

10

IV U IM MCH IN BA PHA BN DY
To ra hai tr s in p khc nhau:

in p dy v in p pha,
thun tin cho s dng dng in.
Cn bng in p cc pha

khi ti khng i xng

Cc n c u hnh g? v sao khi tt cc n

pha C, cc n pha A,B vn sng bnh thng?
A
B
C
O

30 n

30 n

30 n