‘Text 1: The story of Pethion (ff. 1-27 and fragments a-e) ‘The chief events recounted in this text are the life of a certain Yazdin; the conversion by his disciple Pothion of Anahid and of her father, the mobed Adurliormizd; and the martyrdoms of Adurhormizd, And- hid and finally Pethion. It is convenient to name the series of stories after its central character, Pethion. ‘A Syriac text of the whole work was published by Bedjan AMS IT, 550-831 (referred to below as B). Bedjan’s edition is based on two MSS, one belonging to Mgr. Attar, former Chaldean Archbishop of Diyar- bakar, which appears to have been lost, the other to Mgr. Abbeloos, Rector of the University of Louvain. This latter MS is preserved in Berlin as Ms. or. oct. 1256—1267; it was written in 1869 at Mosul andisacopy of Diyarbakir 96.! Since the variants given hy Bedjan are comparatively few and trifling it seems likely that, Mgr. Attar’s MS was also a copy of Diyarb. 96.” A different recension of the last part of the text, that con- taining the martyrdom of Pethion himself, is found in London, Add. 12,174 (1197 A.D.). This was printed y : AB 7 [1888], 5—44 (=€), together with a Latin translation; a German resumé and a valu- able commentary are given by Hoffmann Ausziige 61-68. Two further MSS are known to me only name: Mosul 87 (1724 A.D.) and 89 (no date). Which recension they contain is of course impossible to say. The two texts B and C differ substantially from one another. The Sogdian agrees now with one, now with the other, and often with neither.’ Any attempted reconstruction of the Sogdian text, which is unfortun- ately very fragmentary, must therefore be more than usually hypothetical. In translating broken passages I have attempted to indicate how the Sogdian may be construed, keeping as close to the Syriac as the surviv- ing words of the Sogdian allow. It has not seemed profitable to note all the differences between the Sog- dian and Syriac texts in footnotes to the translation, as has heen done elsewhere. Instead, major divergen- cies, in particular where some point of interest arises in the Sogdian, have been noticed in the commentary. Otherwise, the commentary concentrates less on the insoluble problems eaused hy the fragmentary state of the text than on the information which can novertheless be extracted from it. Fragments a~e, the texts of which are printed on pp. 49-50, are likely, in view of certain details of their language and orthography (rly, yty, qOry, my enw, 1 sg. fut, in -my’), to belong to Text 1 (ef. below, pp. 65-67). Because of the meagre amount of text to be read on them, however, it has not proved possible to place them more exactly. For the same reason it has not seemed appropriate to offer translation or com- mentary for these miserable scraps; what little can he interpreted is analysed in the slossary. * See below, p. 187 with nn. and 2 On the date of Diyarb, 96 see below, p. 187 n. 5. 2 A concordance to the Sogdian and the two Syriav editions ia given below, pp. 63-64. IR in (@ few lines missing) ‘The witness of the triumphs of the holy 4 viat J martyrs of Waldsfarr, who (5) received 5 [mr|(ell ]pSyle’mnt# (yz)dfyn® [ death for the name of Christ; Yazdin; 6 [wy]le)ipwre prs “(w)t IEG Pethion; Adurhormazd, a mébed from 7 [wylley (wa)y” O(b)ent pr{ )xie)[tw miyh’ J nwmyq ef" — Weh8abar, a place in Pars; and Nahid, 8 wi(x)wr'n® z'ty (@)Ly xey bt’st pne[’s nw}mygq [srd his daughter; who died that they might ee bear witness to the Lord Christ im the ninth year of Yazdgerd, son of Wuh- rin.-which is the seven-hundred and fifty-ninth year by Greek reckoning, in the two-hundred and twenty-third year yadart] of the kingdom of the Persians~(10) he who reigned twenty-one years. nk in paler ink: (2) quite uncertnin 4 this Te ‘ fragment of lines 7-12 is lost; readings: from Hansen © Hans And Yazdgerd held his kingdom in srldy" slot (oe commentary) great tranquillity, in friendship withthe 9 [ywlin’)yq ptim’r. pr (p')[rsyqty *xwivwnliq 10 (ar)d xw qy xby" (w)[ wyst ard. “t pr ‘sic > in paler32 Text 11 (@)ypO x[waywngy’ pr fryt't ay “tyr m(z)yx 12 wys'q (@)n [frwmygty pro. pr estyT 4, Jwdn® 13. pswapy afynty" xwny qy fim]ty m’t 14 en Crgd)fys frwmygty xwaywny on frwmyaty wys'q] pyee 15 dybnw xJwiyw 16 [myd’ny In y 17 n']fmmy'z. ent yw dyxw mt ay pl) 18 J===[ tynxw](e® n)'Lm]C)lx ety] ’yny ny 19 [xwdq'r ]= mt. wyny 20 q=L \e=y) at #'d)(qhwSep? (ty) ef : 22 J( Hey zw) ywtr on wysnty xw[ny ay n'm'z yadyn 23 muyity mbinyfty 24 by pr mwyne dyn yty nyx “t{ rtp by 25 "t enw ewa's xw (yz)dyn? mL wyaty 26 mlyO\gry)t. °t pe zy! (p'e)e! wl moeyatw 27 zynbrt «. prywyd ty =[ lines 15 Fhanly (pr)ly 8 in the vari gq. Maeloteed Loe thes fikelyy prey, pra’, prew W (a fow lines missing) 4 === =)ty mt 7 Jwadynt yty (py ey?) 6 pliryvaydw "80 ny iy Cel] ft [mje ptry x'ny en feywyifd] ]= ny byrt OL] tw it [mays wap" IP}t Fen ge.e "(yer [a] 10 C-yan}e [phewyst vty pdybf'rey” bre lpeywyd q0t" q(y) 11 (pllrywyd [pry we m' tt, w'nfw ut Sw que wy Tony) mt plrw stl 12 “ny(n)ft =]= enw "ysntl m't plttr)y byte 13 qt o(n JL t mf ‘nynjt qw wyny 14 ptew [x 15 zty @lylnemnty 16 nyxrs. {t 17 mwyqtw [s]( ny) (ve) =de(rye [ 18 (q)’. rty (en )prax dy’ yty en plewayty 19 dn (xws)[ty mw? p](rw) qv 20 yty mee If 21 (amy0}t( IL 22 Jatt aTeme AL pe yal(djyne xyp0 Sin paler ink — Yet IR, noted — © ar ‘xsn’qe Christians and in great peace with the Romans, by the embassy of the shepherd fof truth, Mar Maratd the bishop of Maypergnt (2)... who was sent by Areadius, Ling of the Romans, for the sake of the peace of the Romans (15) and of the peace and truce which was between the two kings. ‘Now there waa in the days of Wuhran, son of Yazdgerd, a magus who was very great and famous in the land of Wald who was called Mirhaydl. He was from a village in the district which was called Dinahwar, And this (man) was not only famous for hia lineage but also for his learning. He (20) had two sons, The name of one was Yazdin and the name of the other was Didguéasp. And after the boys had been growing wp for a while, Mithayal his father placed that one of them iho waa called Yazdin with the magi. that he might learn and be instruct- ed in the magian religion and become knowledgeable and Learned in the mum: bling of the magi. (25) And while Yazdin was af the magian school ... days, and hie left the magian school and ran ‘away ind came to his foster-parents, ecarse he did not wish to learn the ma- gian religion v Por a feve days his parents did not real- ize this but thought that he wasinthe magi- «an school al his studies. But the magus to thom we had heen entrusted (5) that he might teach him came und informed his parents: “Yazdin has run away and hes heen gone some days already; and V have searcheil for him very much and have not found him.” And when these words were heard in his parents’ house from that viagus who taught him, that Yazain their son had gone and could not be found, ... there fell upon them great jear and trepidation. And immediately (10) they began to search and make enquiry in those towns whieh were (in) that neighbourhood, so that they might fetch him to his parents, And when they came fo his foster-parents’ house his parents found that he had aiready- deen there for several days. And when they Brought hin to his father, Mirhayl his father rejoiced greatly at the finding of Yaualin is (15) som, but afterwards heTexet a3. ywxs]ty) mee (a) tty sly reproached him severely and chastised alt) ywxey wy" mwyy"(q) (Witly] =| him sorely with wounds, threatening him wYst xw wyny ptry qt e'(me )[ | greatly if he would not return immedi dy|n yty mwnw ywq rty “wo wyny ately fo the magian house with that magus wjema’ yty x mwyy'q yws't. fo whom he had enteusted him, And from eywyd Josie (p)'rxs xw ylad)[yn4 w](y the excessive eating and from fear Jat qw mwyatw s' rty privjwyd — Yazdin arove and went with the magian 3k 1 yty =0 2 ty 3 bya [ 4 prrwtly 5 vty ml 6 priy=IL Tayl 8 en Sy(raty py(O\lyon pres 9 pyOywn “yst (nity 10 py'mty't 11 (n'mif I= py'tm'tyts 1 fe ony'y xwimyly 13 pyOsw)n 8. (nity 4 “ale piyyinlt 15 nrtx}(y) pltiixwyny ® (the lower half of the page missing) fw lens likely teacher to the place where he used to teach im (20) and the others also. And when Ihe had been there a few days he ran away again and left that magus's charge, and did not want to be with him to learn magianism. And when his father knew that his son Yaziin had truly decided and did not wish that he should learn ‘magianism and (25)... he desiated from sending him back to the magi to learn. ‘And his father decided: ‘Since Yazdin ‘has not learnt this religion and this doc- trine I will send Dadgusasp his broth- er instead of him to the magi that he may learn magianism ...” And after- wards Yazdin was left in his foster- parents’ house and did not return to the house of the magi. And at this time, while Yazdin remained with his foster- parents, aR There was at that time a mabed in Walasfarr from Wehsabiir in Pars . tand he had a daughter, an-only child, arhose name was Nahid, and she was very dear to him beeauae he had no other son oF daughter apart jrom her. And one day sh was sorely afflicted by an evi spirit, for that evil spirit rid not cease from tor- menting her a whole day and night. And there came Tous (5) and Manichees and sing, many sorcerers from many places, but they found nothing to help her and she nus tormented even more. Phen those who ‘ere standing before the magus spoke to hhim concerning Saint Pethion and said: If Saint Pethion would come and place Kis hand on her and pray (10) he would cure your daughter immediately’; and they related to him also the names of many men who had been healed by Saint Pe- thion through prayer. Then that mabed ordered her to be sent to Saint Pethion. And when they approached the saint's cell the accursed spirit began to ory out: T will not go (15) to that evil sorcerer and destroyer of men!”34 Text 1 sv 1 lays. 2 pyltmye 3 waw] wb. 4 Ipy8yw)n_ 5 Irty 6 ? 1 W=== \lbrltpd. 8 ylwnyd yd x8p’ ° = ww gt 10 J=wl=Itl Jet Jew 1 F]tamellgn 12 qlw 2q[ney ptrw 13 aly) aartvl 14 wnt]iyg ytly (the lower half of the page missing) 4R (the top of the page missing) “1 Jn. (rely MULE IL 2 J=[=a]()m en nways by’ L 3 Ja. yw'r "xved('way)[ wn" bial Mita’ yty ny (ms YE “6 wrt Oly (the bottom of the page missing) tho fragment has been torn in two and the & read by Hansen has been lost av (the top of the page missing) sf I=t l== 2 en}w wly]() ptry(pietybyd 8 ty]m 2(w)[y]dm’ wnt rty [ 4 J= xw mwydyny =[ “5 Uy Zqnely [ (the bottom of the page missing) oR (about 26 lines missing) 27 MW 28 J==. OMlty =)= xwer)[ m’x "tr yity) “PL yw'r 20 [yty ]ibyy xy(pIL0 djstwb'r[y yty Jaty’wy. "t= 30 [l(g)Ory tyw (w)xry yt(y ims wyd ]()dy gy tf BV (about 27 lines missing) 28 wydprwdeaylL ste av When he arose from his prayer he laid is hand on her; and at once that devil left her with a ery and she was cured and stood upon her feet. Immediately she made ‘haste to honour Saint Pethion and hissed his feet and said: ‘You have given back tome my lost life’. . . Pethion (5) .. .and « And when they informed her father: ‘Your daughter is cured’, he arose im- ‘mediately that (same) night and went fo the saint and said to him: ‘If you can 80 do that (10) this girl be delivered from this illness I will give you every honour, much gold and silver, and great and worthy gifts and offerings.’ Then the saint said to the girl's father: ‘Gold and silver, which leads fo perdition, is not fitting for me, nor transitory gains which will make me a stranger to Our Lord and to His kingdom aR ‘... will... from the eternal God = will ... But strive fo gain the heav- nly wealth which “will not waste away, and also will not ..., which is a good companion in both worlds to those who love it’. ay And when her father realized cer- tainly that she was a Christian he rebuked ‘and threatened her, and again he threat- ened her and said to her: *... the... of the magian religion . ..” And when he could not prevail over the girl he went to Saint Pethion .. BR ‘... And there are not many gods as the heathen preach, but one, anil not even the sun, moon, fire and water are gods, dut God's handiwork and creation. And now you have abandoned . . . and Him that created you and established you BV “What is this terrible thing which you ave done to our people, the like of which29 ae nil Hew)xt tty (nly ptywa](t il Hoty pel ewl(ty) MPL] 80 [aty Joen)t(y) *w mez) 'w'zy H(OLy nmy]'q wnty q(w) mx a) oR L we]eybmt gy # [ 2 = (about 8 lines missing) iw Js 12 pynmlja)’. rty awe wprs pla)[”® 13 3](y) ww w'b nit’ yty yety)L “4 ptywa](’2)w °(d)r(xwr)mad. qt p'tyey ‘[w 15 ==[ Koln byyst yty of 16 ywltxn)a( )[pte'nyt (the lower half of the page missing) 4 Hlanaon "Meswe{ ma, but tho traces are gu wl, but thewe ia no other evidence of 6yv 1 preys. yty mézyayl 2 VoL orl (about 8 lines missing) rr B ) 13 x¥'w]n xey pr dwys (fjembdt. (t 14 miJt()y qw tims’ (w)[yT? x[y]p8 Lywhty* 15 Jlomayxe(a)y" ty "bw Obo)y ety 16 Jpyte 2w'(n. *I[t (the lower half of the page missing) Sele or (wr 7m (the upper half of the page missing) 6 j=C Wel I=E 16 Ib yty By wy’ awC)n. 11 Jit) pr ptawh wpcrls 18 xwn}ty miyh’ rey Sw (w)fyit 19 Ae (my ety (may =[ 2 wl 21 [](wny'fe. (rt)ly 22 [ayl(r). rty by mi ML 8)bre =[ qw yw qy)(ryn 28 [s plep) Ww 'dexermety rt) ay wine wb 1 “dex|(w)r(m)zt. mn’ (f)ry’ (v8) x8(n)qy (voly ML mw) 25 (qve) mn’ (w')xit 5°. pleliywyd J(vt)y (ny}xw==[ —]'yS 1 (oly tw), Iwe'mn'}iel wyIC ay Cavil 4 mJ) m’eywt'g [iV Haltly I) en tr](s)'(atily w'xi](t) Text 1 25 was never seen nor heard? And why have you shamed our assembly and insulted oR by this evil thing which you have done?” And since they said much to him and he did not listen to them... (5)... (10)... and they called Adurhormazd to their assembly and made him stand before them; and the rad questioned him and said to him: “Is it true, az I have heard concerning you, 0 Adurhormazd, that you have abandoned our great god (15) who is worshipped by the gods and by the king of kings our lord and by all discerning men ...7 ev and I shall inflict upon you harsh punishment and great tortures ...” (5) *... (10)... But now, since I have recognized the Lord of kings and Lord of glory who has power over the two worlds, the mighty and strong God who has shown me His glory and (15) taught me His greatness, and the Son of God, Jesus Christ, who has spared my lost life and turned me from error...” mR and let his bonds be tied very tightly, and let the life-preserving bread of dogs be given to him, and every day let him be interrogated with scourging(s), and {et Him come on show he calls, (namely) Christ, and save him from my hands.” And they bound him as he commanded and tortured him before the great multi tude. (20) And some of his friends stood round about and exhorted him very much; Dut one of them, whose name was Mikr- burzin—who was his compatriot, and therefore he was honoured very much, and to him was given the primacy in that country-took Adurhormazd to one side and said to him ...: ‘0 Adurhormazd, iy dear (friend), you are excellent and 5 therefore listen (25) to my words, because you are surely aware that there is no-one honoured by me like you in this foreign place which we inhabit.36 Text 1 wv (the upper half of the page missing) 16 alt ste lywitey ¥ 17 wydp'e(y) ny mywialiy® Orly 8 pews'(y). w'n (qt (P 19 (= Jbyntt. rty enw (xm 20 fr\m’yfy Tony }t 'w(d)r(a\fwemet an *y Wa)e(xiwrmzt S tr at’ Jnrje. pti'dty’L ] 23 (atl 24 (p*)[txvwn p'l(tx)¥'wn blynt x'nt Jpr'f qy thyw ] ew y]ty ny (w’j[n](o) xwptr? m't (tw) ft nsjtiy) w]e) pr mayx (ephey'a. rty (ALevllte (aytly) 26 (qw)l HAG) dwrtl) yty Je )friven) (enyf xwiywny Kan -erfiy) rC}t vty nmean. frm@)intlis) pvt Ixia}t._yty peyety)at. 28 rity HadOry etw)E J@yty (ML eb) alaIlry"a byre ley en trs'gity 1] 1 27 dn (x= =Ity 29 pte-ttwdlry 30 ylowia xty x thes at MS (=p =o): Hanson nywis OMS xve(ptrs Hansen x ptr UR (the upper half of the paze missing) 46 m(y)wn [ 17 gy ’ystn){tal(? m'itl 18 qt’ qw-wyny x¥'(w)n [5 19 n’m, rty ywnyd nyzy xw (i)[wxmyn 20 rty sof n'f mwyd e(n J at wy" (rplO)t ay bys? (ytly 22 (ny eey’e tty) xv 28 pleywyaty Hele ap)er) witty 24 (mry)t ty enw [ 25 (qt )etysy)m rity) (prlwydym t= 26 plywhhtt*é cj[ywyd pyar qt tdyb)nwe prw (xve)(Sty 21 =[ pyOywin bun a ey Ceyn)lalOl 2 ‘en}{ Jay) t py(n)mns(te = IL (a line or two missing) Sor wa Ysie 1979, 133 cor (a) (OE ¢not pltg}s(t) ae in Sims-Willians © Jedb)aw less likely ‘Then do not make our country ashamed and our religion accursed and rejected, and do not err ajter the words of the Christians, and do not destroy your life + but have merey on your soul wv ‘Then the king sent aman famous in the Kingdom, whose name was Adurfriigerd that he might teach him and instruct him and turn him to their worship: ‘And if this time he does not listen, then beat him for a whole month and then kill him, so that the others too may be terrified and not be misled by him! And when Adurfrdzgerd came to the place (20) he ordered them to lead Adurhormazd be- fore him and the great assembly, and said to him: ‘O Adurhormazd, tell me, do you desire honour or shame, life or death, rest or trouble, power or that Hey should be in authority over you whom you ruled? Were it not better for you thus, that you were sitting (25) today in great honour and there were sent to you a greeting and blessing from the king, to- gether with many gifts and offerings (and) with ... orders for those things which are necessary and advantageous? Now, what good (thing) and what ho ‘our have you obtained from the Christi- ans! And what good things have you received from them that you should have renounced our ovn religion id toach- ing: (in) that the Ch are accursed . UR “Tf you do not do this ... I shall give your flesh to destruction and your whole property to the king, and T shall make your name a byword to all generations which shall come, that all who curse him who is an enemy to the king or to his power may curse in yours and no other ‘man’s name.” And immediately Tohmin went out, and the cavalry with him, (20) and gathered a great multitude of the men of the land, and closed fast the roads and the paths which enter and {eave the country. And Tohmin, with the cavalry accompanying him, began to exter in search of her the towns and houses and mountains and plains and forests, Aud when they arrived at Saint Pethion’s ce they said: (25) “Let us enter and enquireny (the upper half of the page missing) 16 1 " }= "yin is ptllbyw) on tw) stwry 9 I piym)e'aw (qyw dwt vty 20 | by pr sm’n yty by Dang’ ray’. tty pr Saws Wen tw'( SILy Gt] 3 af t= Ja)9ry ea) nyx Jerry )ywwxsw ) wise) (a line or two missing) BR Teel J MOL _gOry xwew by? (DIRS) (why (Alle gryt (m)rtxim)iyty m’ny qy] w'iyd xnt enw (x) yb (ae 3 wyrqyat. mt e(m)[’ fefm](rzn)t rty (my) tny'nt (q)w wyGn}t xypoty A stw(r}ty whnty (s’. )rty spty w(nn)t perm)’ “(w x)Lyp]® Smnqm 5 ryé. (my) enw yty (epty q}twd'rnt prt mint (py'en{y) ptrw. 6 r(thy eC aw prl 2)'ry ple)wa'n m(yid )w'xit w(’b'2 rey nmJe Jz, rty (wf) @e may}x( 3")q. 8 rty e()nw x’ zq’ney Wynnt rty dwg Wwtnt yey Sye (wily H@ETeynt. 9 rty bn amnw sfr'ey ny qtw want ywtr en wySnty. ry (pyajtrw 7 pip'ty tysnt pr t(ey)w plO\Pe yf Text 1 3T of him, jor perhaps she has fled to hin and hidden, because he is the teacher of booth of them.’ And when they drew near and came to Saint Pethion's cell they sate that there was builtin the vicinity of his cell another cell which some days be- fore there had not been . uv “and by the Grace of the Spirit which comes from baptism Thou hast mae them worthy of heavenly light and glory, and, Lord, Thou hast not even witheld honour from (me) Thy sheep who worshipped ‘and poured libations to the demons and (20) to the element-spirits both in heaven and on earth, who was bred in all ini quities and who exulted in all wicked ness; and through the excellent, watch- Jul, true shepherd and teacher, Mar Pethion, who was (brought into being) by Thy Grace Thou hast brought me to the blessed. sheepfold of Thy sheep. And, Lord, now that (25) I have become versed in the way of Thy loriship’ and have learned the path of life, to travel wpon themup to Thy laid-dowin treasure which is in heaven, let me not cease, my Lord, Jrom (travelling in) the course and the company of theold man Adurhormazd, my father; but aa with him I served and made offerings to the altars and idols of impie- ty, with him, my Lord, may I be found at Thy great seedding-feast and in the sheep- jold of Thy sheep. and may T not miss the wine of his banquet LR Now, Lord God, cast (it) into the minds of these wicked men who are like destructive fiends and wolves that they may snatch me and take me into the snare of theie “fangs and fulfil on me their devilish (5) desire just as they ful- filled it on my father who . .. and nur- tured (me)? ‘And as with sorrowful entreaty she was saying these words and praying there entered suddenly in swift haste many cavalry men in great” number ‘And when they saw the girl they stood. in silence and wondered greatly, and for a long time they could not speak, (not) one of them. And afterwards (10) the girl looked at them modestly and said: ‘My lords, what do you want? Ifrr 38 Text t 10 tyqwd x Zq{ne qw wyint & pr “ntay” ty win wD mn’ 11 xypO'wntt ow yty q’mt(eq).® (ty ad’ t'm’ q't'sq.* rty n'y nw 42 m'e sw(qi'm( yut)}qre mys qw Zway s’. rty dn (bm'x prin) 13, wytr’md’ rty n (ple(wa)Lylett. (rty) e'mw [x]() pr tay’ vty (p)r nmes](@) 14 (nyV AICI Mb)eC AML ity (pleway"s w'nw m't wytry dne vwyinty prw. tty x'nt 15 J==L l= 2ene )wynnt. ty tyw "nbw(x)en’q bnt. ny 16 l= tty wynw whit qt (pie cwnet 17 fey" yty w G@ra)t yty w 18 pirw]t(y) dw ny(é)ntq? yey (p)wtay prvymnta’® 19 J(== == An abtty)a pew (w)'n (q)t awe 20 =U] =[ yma) (lines 21-24: only the margin preserved) 25 ynyty en 20 JOsypO'wnty (ny at” a ‘p)reymt (by)ett 2% === J= flay}t br'trty 20 pitr) miyb? n’(m rly ty "ylisn)t Bot q'mt('sq) — Seorrectedd or prpyznty’ hardly Jayme By 1 gywy(d wily ]()a (6) qwr0 yty xw mlwryaty "way "n]e( ty (mth tty] 2 “aymy qty m't xw s't dywyd n'()Ly Zy"we rty] x7 wyinty ctyy{myt'* 2. pwen o(wa). at (pe)® pe c'wne (FrYf lin)" (pebExI@e (b)wtar ns x wysq 4 pwrye y" nyényt (wer (Cay iatty IL dy{s)ty’. rty plr}me m’t u pilysy'antay” 5 qw ’dwe(pr)faqrt mywy ]C)w'2y 8°. (ry pr)mstr "ys xw 6 © xty biny{tpdy’ wnt’ q](w) mwyyat yty( aw "ar: (praqeit (*) 7 Cuil 2ICValndoty I *3e)minjtw. [ety enw plyyws aw 4 "dwrpraqrt yty 8 x (A)CTE(O)¢ srOngt. rty mayx( wyéw wyijent. rty yrf Wwzy 9 mawh(ynit yty ryty nyzynt y’ n’x(y)dy ae Sw went. ety wy ty 10 e'nw wynnt rty ewytm’n "y’ant piyyrt yty wnw wrty at 41 pr nity'g y'a yey n'xyd xwtyn. aly} tia) (y)ey ginwste en st 12 “(yty() rely) x” dyrate n'xyd ny. sw(x) "2 "w CEYI(P)O ay). yty "Ww 13 cdmw ny aryi'e pr wylint, (g)lw'}e (pyr (="w)reva! ck wly) (xlyp6 (my'ny s(t tee likely Pill-wrtten, meant to beeaneelled — ¢non- final @left blank; in the outer margin isa sign M€ tobe deleted —# 'whreyay? (Hly Kw )reya? you want me, then behold, Tam ready, ‘sinful sheep (to go) to sacrifice, and T will go with you, have no fear.” And as she was gently and sweetly entreating and asking that she might go with them, those (15) men looked and saw the girl and were sorely distressed, and they looked at one another and said: How ‘may such a glorious appearance and such a beautiful and such an exquisite face be delivered over in a little while to the ‘magus and those with him? For they ‘will destroy her and annihilate (?) (her) For they were also planning with one another that (20) they might rescwe her; ‘and when they found no way to resewe her they came to the conclusion that they blamed one another .. . (25)... the pure fone stood up and put on her cloak and went out from her cell before them and said to them: ‘My lords, go out and do not linger, for perhaps because of your delay on my account you may receive punishment together ith damage. But come, dear brothers, let us go confidently in the name of Christ!” And immediately they rose up thence and came 1B to that place where the assembly of themagi wasresiding. Andall the heart(s) of the people had become shocked and their eyes tearful: ‘How shall the noble aiden be delivered into the hands of destructive wolves?” And first, before they entered (5) the assembly of Adur- frazgerd the magus, Tohmin came and informed the magi and Adurfrizgerd of the gitl's arrival. And when Adur- fraizgerd heard, and all the chiefs, they rejoiced with great joy, and the great crowd surged forward and went out bofore Nahid that they might see her. ‘And then, (10) when they saw, they all degan to shout and to say: ‘Truly this ig “Nahid the Lady”, more excellent ‘and more beautiful then all women! ‘And Saint Nahid did not lift up her face and did not raise her eyes to them, tut with eye(s) averted she was saying in her mind: ‘Lord, Lord, mighty king (and) God, Thou who hast fulfilled (15) the desire of those who fear Thee and ‘the desire of all those who truly invoke Thy name, do Thou, Lord God, look14 wb'z, xwew xwt'w, g'wrqyn xwiywny by. tyw gy s(p}ty wooly TL xy pty yty st w(ylinty (ry) ay. prt I(t) (rItila I= =0 16 n’m. tyw xwtw by’ tqaw’ pr xy(p8 njly](een|f 11. tw byy'ay,( whyar P By Sw’ (m)ety ICL 48 ‘Pwny pty'd. "waw ay ptyexd (xwt)[w 19 yawymiyh’ on a(wry}tm’n mréxmyt wit (pyr 20 pw ptia)(m' jr brify](ert x)'(n)t ay (w)r(na)ft pre 24 *(st)[pnws (lines 22-25: only the margin preserved) 26 (==== ==)[ 27 wyd'snt pr (m)f 28 w'rmant. rly 20 wnntn(t).* rty “TdCe = 15 pewaqyrnyty ryz awydm’ ny) tt PA =f M(=y) dym’r ew db*t( )[ 30 xwsnty’[ 13R (the upper half of the page missing) 4 Wey ==. J=[=]=t 1 15 (on qrxny’tqy’. yw" 16 "lly xt (9) trs'(qhy] i jn wyspn’ "dy. rty ad'my, 18 Iy)ty on s't* st srngty 19 (= m)zyx dyry wntyq’ rtf 20 gw tfs]() new’? rty nm’ nyws Ww a Jorlyny_ piys’ rt(y) (oL Tmpt 22 J=- tty qa! zw gy (@)ymyd( n'y 23 Pmt aw) tw) wyTy bin 24 [rtf wn'me? EYP) pest xyp8 "xsqtw vty prt 25 s']t xyp(0 )xway(wn)qy”. rey qd? (p)s' zw tw? ny 26 n’](y) mn’ fry 2’ty “dwrerw8. rty nxwiywny4 yzwt 27 [xey r]t(y) S{y) (a}tw pn'c's® pdbrye swqwnt. rtf wyny waw obr'm 28 [q’. tty wy" xypO yryw nyst n’ w(n)'q’ pr imnw "ympn. 29 [rty ms zw] tw" zpry’q wn'ma’ sq’tr en s't mn’ z'tyt 30 [yty dwytrt]. ref xwtyn (yty) (f)rm'yne wn'ma’ (f)’ sqyp’r * blotted, meant to be cancelled yawiywny? © altered from p= Psic © line-filler 4 or Text 1 39 upon Thy weak handmaid, and let me not cease from straight(ly) travelling the road of Thy divinity; Lord, let not the life-giving cup pass me by, that which the Lord and Saviour, Thy dear Son ‘Jesus Christ, received for the salvation of all men, and after Him (20) countless myriads (of) those who believe in Thee, at whose head is Stephen . 2. (25)... and they made her enter before him. And when he and those with ‘Kim looked upon her they wondered at the greatness of the maiden’s beauty and at the sight of her face, and they all be- came still, and those who were against er were appeased and did not threaten. ‘And the great magus began to speak to her cheerfully and siceetly, since he thought how perhaps she might rather be en- snared by blandishments .. 13k “... And although Adurhormazd your father ...went out of his mind and aban- doned the great doctrine of magianism and went after the sorceries of the Christians (15) 00 that he might be healed from (his) numbness; yet what has happened to you, beautiful maiden, that lo! T have heard that you too want to go after the Christians? sorceries—(they who are) downtrodden by everyone? What man is there, ofall the magi and of all the chief men, fo whom you shall desire to belong ‘and (who) will not do you great good and hold you (20) in great honour and obey you? Then do not heed the folly of your ‘wretched father, to go after him, and do not fall from the great and distinguished honour of your greatness. And if I, who am great amongst this people, should be pleasing to you and you consent that I be your husband, I will make you above all my harem and above all (25) the noblewomen who are in all my (2) king- dom. But if I should not be pleasing to you, behold! my dear’ son AdursrOs—he is the king’s chaplain and he has « hun- dred and fifty infantrymen—I will give you to him (as) wife, and you shall not destroy yourself by the deception of Abriman; and I too will honour you above all my sons and daughters and will make you mistress and ruler over all who are in my house.”40 Text 1 lav (the upper half of the page missing) 15 [ety frlimy(y) ty. (ety wy" yeyw iL 16 [pw J(ur}yt w'x(@}t. G\fny tweet 17 (w)Lnw wIC)b. qy vty xey yx(wn)[y mn ptz'ney 18 xey yty “dy wyny "vty ny [xey 19 ) twnty frm’n ptywiy q(tibwd'rt 20 rty xw tw" pyiy a'r ny2’e)[e xey 21 wr (w)[by]se at dy wyn (yl “ty ny sey 22 wy’ fem(bdy) m’t qd'my tCwy{njioly 23 yty bsty en wyny xwt'wy! e'p'()l 24 rty ww w'(h) ely qe’? winw Inety® EvIe(9) 25 rty wyd w'si ay tyw whywy ety ptywil's 26 pr( jsm’ny sty xw wyny myn’m(njti.” rty Sy xw (: yty x8'wn] erty ew yt? wntye’ x(w)f (bic xy) [pO'wne} 28 qt’( )x’ s't z’yeyqt xweywnyt m't "ye wnynt. qt’ en wy> (ny) xyp0) 20 "xe "ytw wnynnt." rey nw w'fyd dmnw enw e8{m)y nme (ey IT tqw5y] Ly pr wyaint sty pr wipn mn (ei wydyty p 27 pr( jem’ny yty pra’ 30 pr wynt sp'd yty xv Sin the margin by line 19 is & ynurk + Mie under t and one under y, two points, one not wan(ae probably nevileutal UR (a few lines miswing) i‘ I= 5 pleats 6 sto) bre 7 Wat abl x Jac o Jonntyen(by acy)" Spits 10 Jwwiye’(yty) preyny =| uw xy]p0 zrw? [= |(t)L 12 ty) pe me)ly}x (m=) 13 mnj(t}yrb’[q (a few lines missing) " ==] 18 J====1 1="qt 19 I= 1= pwenstrye 20 ajpmyd n}t 3g. 26) 21 JA)yny, yE(y) pe my myd ee 22 a0}te)y ny qt? have yty on Cy) ye 23 J= xw xwr(mz}t" xwdilalr pie 24 ey) (my'ent) (ow psiny’g [= = = =I) 25 Is==-0 J= Sor pletyla()E Pin the nuungin by Hines 19-20: 1 1BV ... But if yor have any other word or deed to perform (15) please do (it) and do not exhavst (vour)self with empty and profitless words!” Then the magus made answer and said 40 her: Who, () undiscerning (one), is your betrothed, who is 90 strong that no- ‘one is equall to him in power and might? The king of kings, heroic and mighty, has enslaved sea and land, (20) and the power uf your betrothed is feeble, (You tare) ignorant of his identity (if) you say that no-one is equal to him in power! What hero who there was in the world, what mighty man, was not subjugated aand bound under his lordship?” But the saint ansicered and said: Tt that my betrothed were on earth, (25) then he woul have heard in part this thing which you say: but now, since His dvvell- ing is in heaven and His power and authority is in heaven and on earth, how shall your lord be able, or all the kings of the earth, that they may do any- thing or take anything of His? And when He shalt took—(even) for so long as the twinkling of an eye—on their army and on them themselves, then their destruction shall bein 1 little while, like ice before a fierce heat!" aR Then the magus was moved to anger canal suid to hers 45)... Wait in your folly serve... (10) Then Nahid. made answer anid said to ins. your old age foolisl. . (15)... without a female (20) to this union three children were born... and nurturer like ... Now it is not possible that from one thing alone many should come forth, and if Hormazd by hiniself, in is belly, conceived and Dore these lights, (25) like his father Zurwin he is a hermaphrodite26 j= 7 t=) 28 al) (possibly another line or two missing) uw (a few lines missing) s) =E 4 K=ty =) 5 Jom. vty [ 6 ICyity (my =f 7 x](w) (@)rw"[ 8 I=L 9 Ut) r(t)y (msy{_ = =n[ 10 rey wrnw flrm)'ty s{ty "1 mr]itxm)[y]{t Ipleiywyd yty [nyt ry Js(wtw) byw. [ 13 Pare (a few lines missing) =)t (r= 19 pr 2y'y x StL wy? M(nt)lyt 20 mwrste b’. en eywyd | ]=[ 21 wiz, wif}yd Caw xwny mrt(s)fmy rty pr 2'y( ro)iy. rty Sw fe (aty pWynt{.) (ely w'nw py 24 fant OM br)'t. w(yt)lwr gt 25 (xwiL nt} 26 (OL 27 (pri (possibly a line or two missing) mek 1 (= nity ae sth pang byntat. ety Sw 2 rty Sw dyhtyiy meh hrm 3 pry]oriyd vty w'nw en qt pr(2je mrtxmyt wrnnt 4 wow Je}ym(rf [alt tym pst” Ober w ety pra 5 ple wy” wr(nw) ry Sef 1 6 Wess (about 24 lines missing) uv { rxn’z, ny xwde?r 'w mrtam(yyt qt? (mslsy eile 2 brw2’nys ny ran’ pnty “(y)t. rey x? SL Text LA uy 2(5) ...and ... Zurwiin his father and Xwasizag(2) his mother prove that just as they ceused to live so also their children and grandchildren (10) will erase. Ad thusitissaid in our seriplures: “Do not trust in men, because there is no trust in them, but in the Lord Goat? Then Tdurfridagerd vous very angry (15)... and they struck her on her cheoks and on her mouth and on her head uualil« swelling arose and her eyes closed, cand they made all her teeth fail on. the ground. And her flesh (20) was drenched hy that blood which was streaming, from Kir mouth and her checks, ike that man who is washed with water and it flows upon the ground, And he ordered her to be bound like a dog, and they cast her into prison accnrely,-and he instructed then: “Let no-one give her any food or drivk until the god of the Christians come and save her aR and he gare orders. and they insert eo stake nydder (each of) her eo arm- pits. and they bound her (hy) the four joints (of her wrists and ankles) and behind her head in prison all night. And the next day at dawn he ordered her to be felehed, be- {very many men be- lieved in her religion and he thought “TET wive (her) respite again, then very many (5) and countless men wilh believe in her faith.’ And irhew they fetched her they saw that all the bones of her shoul- ders were broken . ang ber on ot feck Vv cand (the wasps) wore so threaten- ing... that nothing at all dared ap- prowch the vicinity of that mountain; not only would they notallow men oranimals,420 Text 3 tmp'r s(’ pn)t (ny) Sw'(an)t. p'ewty wy"L 4 bygste t(w)dy "watytyt swqw'z(nt)l 5 (w)’n® [e’nw ](w}y"(n)® prOnen "waty(t)[ (about 25 lines missing) > not wy"(oy) with Schvrasts 1974s, 260 19, 1 ptbjstyt swqnt. rty [ 2 Tying mw ry) 3 “Ilqt rly {about 27 lines missing) 19v 1 plevwyd vty d(by't] eptaw 2 aim wy" (m)’x xyp0 2 3 (= xw 2i[pet (about 27 lines missing) 22k === jyranty 8 [dmy]t( ny) ty” hnts(q Js. qt ny Helly wyld pydtrw e'aw ] (by'ny)q 2 wr. m’t® aw wyny avr Jg)ty" tty aw wyspy Wws}tytyt myd? enw pltySqwynt qe zprt ty yd bntt ym'xe 9 [slpnyary ywtsq m’t *w (bn}tt xwegt wr't rt abtya 10 [ple m’x "(d)myt tny’t yt{y] byntyt® m'x. rty enw xw b'msy’.> 11 [wytr xw xw](§}tr bntypy rty brtpd wnt? w nyxwem[zt Jet tty 12 ]= xw nyxwrmat rty wyn wyd ’yat. rty f°(mJ[’y “ny](0) 13. is)p(n)yqrw: rty fr'm’y bsty dbtyq ¥yd m(rjt{xmyt] 4 xxw J(t ety bropd wnt? ‘Ww xwitr mw. s[t] 15 ql(tlyt bntt.> rty wyd'yty fe'm’y “nyt x] 16 w J@lyleCaity pyOywn mya xweq. ety “(m)ly] "7 rty Bw Jim)ywy ryty p'dy w'sty. ty( JE] 18 “Tt wCnw )[w}[b J=[ (the bottom third of the page missing) *slinesfiller © or am’ ut not even a bird dared approach. And the wasps did not go near to the pure one's body but remained standing in a mass apart from the martyr’s body, and above her body (5) they were assembled like the awning of a tent so that the sun could not reach her body at all 19R After a few days Adurfraegerd gave orders to make a great agsembly of all the notables and of all those who were well Inown in their districts, and when they had assembled this magus called Néhor- ‘mazd therad before him... works and... 19 «and they rwaited fearful(ly) until he had finished his service: "Because per- haps, whilst we are not noticing, he will escape from our hands and we shall destroy our lives!” And when the holy one had finished his service he came out to them... 20R ‘The blessed Pethion said to those pri- soners: "It is not right for you, Omen, after you have seen the glory of Christ and the power of God, that you should be ungrateful for His Grace. Then let every (5) man take his fetters, and let them be placed as before on hhis limbs.’ The pri- soners said to theholy Pethion: ‘Right cous servant of God. these fotters can- not he inserted upon our limbs without a crajisman, but & good smith is neces- sary, that he may open the fetters and insert them again (10) upon our limbs and hind us.” And when the dawn appeared the chief gaoler went and informed Néhor- ‘mazd the rad, and Néhormazd went and saw those things and ordered « good smith to be brought and ordered those men to be bound again. Then the rad ‘went again and informed the chief ma- us of all (15) the things which had hap- pened there, Then the chief magus or- dered Saint Pethion to be brought un- bound, and the chief gaoler brought and stood him before the magus; and the magus looked at him and said:av 1 yat™ eywyd ptlzif'n 2 yp'qbry WP xtwi[ mw 3 bsty. mgd e’nvw Cyt(y)) biedtLy sitLy 4 wb. qt y'twq ny y't (OL 5 qy may pntq st 6 pst. dywyd wy'ay =L 1 8 ° rty wyd'yty eyxw'ynt] "w zprt "dy rfty ge rwylt s' nynt] rty prewydnt waw wy'[q |m’tyty x" “(p) 1 yty ‘weme tty p's'ynt “Qo zpn}t “dy ydy(w)yd® “py. rty ox )[nt] 10 piynyt dyr ‘ntwxen’gt yty nwryzaynt m'tnt] ( Jeity me f= ==] AL xw aprtt ICd)y qw ps prys. rty, ywnyd yw(xs)t(y)E b° xydJ 12 ew(t]f sty Alte)’ péynty Wt tty x'n! “ip ay en say (oly 13 tity Yty)'e twdy qty wigd enw xw qB'm qws(n')Iny pn] 14 [rtl(y) (x) &'pC}reya “p pss yty mymls 15 [zJprt ‘dy ydywyd nity myd’n pr Sqwpn’ plevty 16 (ma zy’m> za7e ny wyt b's. tty x SUL 17 waltytyt m’tnt rty md’snt yty Slye)[ 18 [rty w]()stynt. r(ty “Jane pleyyrt (the bottom third of the page missing) altered from yelymyil? altered! fron ny" 23K (about one line missing) 2 Jee) at (py) eWwIInTe 3 [fry J=t{ IC) "pay en say 4 wiyd Jenw xw rwdny q(6)'m (en 2x qw smn 5 yrffe"idyt went pr nwéw (byw en cywyd 6 elrewny’ qy Wynnt. rty e'n(w)[ e)w xwetr 1 yn. rty tym yp'qbrystr bY (y}t(y) "be te 8 Jafrywn m't. rty “(7)'2 ny’ amp? yty ptet’t ° Jip yefle)s winy't. rty ww wh. gt x "p 10 y'Ieg\(wn}(v) myd wOyyn’neya ny wnty enw x "ALE Fey 11 yw|laly pt ’w aprt “dy on eywed rt. (nifty e]iaw) 12 eneyw](y)d (r)[we Jom)s* (on"}L. rey Cr) int, 13 1=800L ewnty 4 prvlimy)d (Fria? Ltanson J, ety yefs this ix probably a restoration rather that a read. (ce nothing read by him is now lacking at the corresponding pa yas. single word) © this frag Thent of lines 12~13 is unissings Hanson's reacings are given Text 1 43 ov though it was not I that did this, but the power of Jesus does all these things which are strange in your eyes, He from the understanding of whom you are far.’ Then the magus was very angey at these things and gave orders to bind him like a dog, ns he was bound before, and to be taken away from his presence, and he said: ‘If he is not a sorcerer let him be tried in the water of this river (5) which is near here.’ And he ordered them to cast him bound into the river near the town in a place where the water was deep and still. ‘Then they lifted up the saint and brought him to the river. And they sought out such a place where it was... and the water deep and still, and cast the saint into the water; and those (10) who cast him in were very distressed and unwilling. And as soon as the saint reached the water that river was divided and became two parts, and that water which was pouring from above began to form a heap like a wall up to the sky and the water below dried up and was finished . .., and (15) the saint ‘was left the middle of the river on dey land where not even (a trace of) mois- tre could be seen. And all the men who were standing there were amazed and ‘were very much afraid, and they stood and began fo shout out. 23R And ichen they veent out and saw they were amazed (at) how the water which used to come from above and be still was standing like a brazen wall from the earth up to the sky (5) without moving. ‘And many people believed in the eter- nal God on account of this ... miracle which they saw. And when the chief magus savr this miracle he became still angrier and more enraged, and he was cursing, and he began to prepare another stratagem and defence, #0 that he might punish the saint, and said: ‘Water (10) does not reveal sorcery as (well as does) fire.” And immediately he ordered them to fetch the saint fom the river. And when the saint ascended from the river those waters began to be dis- charged down... mighty ... thus (15) 0 that those who heard the sound of44 Text 15 pr mlaiys wip" sty pewgyr 16 ]= mwyw mt 5 7 Jnymyd wldy gyn 18 rk 19 I=L KO) 20 Iealyrnt j= xyp0 Jwnw wh wityytwe iy pn yTt@iwn](y). Qrel'r qO(r)y sw(qnyt 23 yadqr}t mzyx xwy(w)ny fn vty pe 26 Jt") t(w? Jy"twa)y” nySq we) e) ot try dbin "ymmiq)’ yty nySqwma 28 J= tevqiny bry ty weit? EU? en 29 wydl'yty ptybynt xw zprt “dy rty wnw wb 30 = unt yty qwr 'y8 pr syp0 ptz’n yty dwe 4 | tinorfiller © sic 23y (about one line missing) 2 [s"}e{ m'n}tf Joey)dCs)yw(nyt 3B rty xweq ny biw}tLa" Jew’) 2yC)wie) (wy =L 4 rqt yw'r( JoLO]@y miy}d enw 8m "(IL 5 wnt! 'w Ponty Jeet ety: wyyis Ww mn 6 bry Rmty? wyd frysty ety (Dstawm(p)t(a)l? T wy" try d(dy'n, ety pr uty” “StytqC) ny. ple) wLss 8 ms® sty xw't prwrtnty'm St went (ay) pry 9 ety wel ety fr'm'y sw ynegry my =f 10 “(hrj[yay]nt wy" “te qw sm'ny pn. ety fm’y [ 11 (m=) C= qt sx(njynt ow zprt “(dy) plejly]ov)yd (wiley 12 "Afr *Ylewlefye HeILsH(o) yw(nilye 14 rty wer wnt’ rty#[ 8 di’n w'iyd e['nw 16 win ms ay'm xtIL 17 (xy J*(te)l =] D)n’yne 18 rit\Ly 20 qt e(n)\[w wy) 21 nywa(s) 22 rhty vty [ 23 "rqt eywy(Al py ILE alt IL 24 st gat bt rey af 25 ef whtyt (plew( qly ql byw 26 rty ms ynm'ey myd'ny w"(n)w WCE ate] vipt_ Sef, 23R, note: for*|(s)fwlely Hansen ko vify omar wo )t) eC) F the waters stood in great terror and fear. Zn spite of all these things the magus ordered immediateby that un altar should be buill on the summit of « rocky moun- tain to the south of the lown ... Ant the people ofthe town left their homes for fear and vwent into the desert (20) and were dispersed to every side... own... he suid fo the suint: ‘Chief of sorcerers and doer of all evil deeds, howe long will you deceive the multitude by your sorcery ? But now 7 svear an outh (25) by Hor- razd and his fortune and by the fortune of Yazigerd the great king and hy his great and mighty croun, that not only will Teast out of you your sorcery, but also [shall end and cast out your life in this flame of fire: and let Him in whom you trust, the God of the Christians, eome and deliver you from the midst of the fire. Then the saint answered and said to him: "You are blind and unseeing in your understanding and far 23y From all discernment! After you have sen all these wonderful things which God has performed through His might, will hot Four heart which is blind be open fo understand His works? But now, just as He sent Mis angel and parted (5) the mighty river and saved my weak self. 50 een now He will send that angel and repel from my presence the flame of fire sunel He will show hy deed. not hy word, Mut sil those who trast in Hin will not Jv harnyed by anything nor even become weak? And then the wicked magus ordered thut they should (10) eause the fire to burn more fiercely up to the sky. And the magus ordered . that they should. make the saint go up upon the altar in the midst of the fire. And as soon as the saint began to go wp and to enter the fire ‘on the altar the fire rose up to @ great height above the altar and shouted aloud, and at a great. height it curved (15) its flame like « govt vault and stood stilt above the saint's head so (that) not even thie light of the sun reached his flesh. And that fire remained above his head for Jour hours, And the saint, singing with a Loud voice and praising God, said in his prayer: (20) ‘How mighty are Thy works,27 ary yeh weewngt yty wyd’sywnyt “(fat 28 rty “Std )ry 'w xypO z'wr pr xypOty (b)[ntyty wnwngyt] 29 qw tw “Eoyr(nlxt ses! yty qw w[ysnty MR (a fow lines missing) 5 (yd) nw “L 6 [albiny ay pr (eyllny sew T rty en eywy(d ==) 8 (mwy)y()tl T= 9 xt (lly 10 yty x y= 14 ()etey avin 12 mw(7=)E vlkty 2w nyxwelmat (rl SL mwypltwyty x (n= = =)ty dedhylet Tea) xw wyinty xwitr etyL nyl(enme)t mys vty bw mn’ Wixi Peony, dm(eyty tty) L = dyn) en (6) (tL (the bottom third of the page missing) uy (a few lines missing) 5 == y)ty xw 6 Way) Foy Tat 7 n)gst' x 8 pelle maily Ie) 9 nviter 10 Kyym= 1 12 Joram 13 J= “(diye (w)ynmsa 4 J)xt sty wyny (DsysL 15 Jombwel gist dyw prw ty )e(xifnant 16 == == 17 Heddy pe vl 18 ist {the hottom third of the page missing) Textt 48 Lond, and very deep are Thy counsels! ‘And the idiot does not know and the fool does not understand these things, hecuuse, bell! Thy fors, Lord, behold! ‘Thy foes shall perish and all their wicked deeds shall be scattered’, (25) together ‘with many praises which he was singing to God, And also in the middle of (his) prayer he said: “Phow, Lord, hast per- formed many miracles and wonderful deeds in former times and Thow hast shown ‘Thy might in the victories of Thy servants to the shame of Thy ill-wishers and to their perdition ..." aR « (5) just like ..., from the flame which was arched over his head there came out « mighty cry, and from the Kighest point it separated to the right and tothe left... the magi... those who were assembled there ... (10) and the . . before the flame of fire which was in all disections. And as the magus was run- ining, and those who were with him, and Nehormazd the rad and the rest of the magi, and Burzin the mabed and the». judues who were standing before him, anil... who was their chief, in great an- ger. (15) erabittered in his heart, he said: °O Nehormazd, listen to my words! For if this man be left alive still, know and see that the veligion of magianism veill aver goue from all the Kingdon My “11 seems to me, O Néhormazd, (5) that you too agree in your mind with his error, Tike Tohuvinthe Ayinbed ...andthehorse- mew his companions, who erred after hhis words, and, behold! they are waiting for the destruction of their lives as they ‘unlergo torment in prison. But, by the reat fortune of the king of kings, tomor- row at this hour there will be much (10) Jor you to wonder at concerning his death ‘und T shall make him a mockery to the son of his error and cn object of fear and trembling to all the fools who wish for his life, beennse, behold! both yesterday and foray L see many people who are prepar: ing to err and to go after him.’ Nékor- mazd and (13) many magi with him did not dare from fear to answer him any- thing «46 Test t 23k OR 1 ny bnt sqwn (x)[yd ’yst Jm@) ny) ‘... Furthermore, surely those things 2 wy" nyt bstyt{ (by) en (mzyz) which he did in prison were not done by 3 xwSywny ydrqrt® [ (ny) rxnty demons? And why did all those sorcerers en J(by)’ not release themselves, nor even the other 5 yey yd w'xd yty prisoners? But this magus, because he 6 x’ yrf “dyt yx=[ has been sent by the great king Yazd- 7 yey yd w'xi yty e{n by? gerd fo do this, does not dare (to do) any- 8 x'we wntysq my(d)l 'ySt thing for fear of the king, and he cannot 9 en wf my6t m=[ say openly that (5) this thing is from 10 rty en ptnwh yt(y)[ God, and in (his) mind he knows that 11 my6. rty xw pr( =)[ ptw] many people . . . that this thing is from 12 (pY(@)ny’ e’f (x)[ey God and he has been sent from God and by {a few lines missing) divine power hedoes these things. More- 15 Him('x) over, for so many days he has been 16 db]t[yP prw without water and food, (10) and from 17 \{rjty ww — scourging and from harsh beatings he did 18 (w’)[bnt J=. qt n'y not rest even for one day, and he bore it 19 en x[? wityty slty rty x” "kr all with joy. And who can tell how great 20 qlyw 5! Tesla (@)lwls is his patience in these pains?” atqwl * rity stw)et And as they were talking together in 22 sq(won IE m()e these words Adurfrazgerd called to them 23 byfn’ Jle}wett in an angry voice (15) and said to them: 24 mlyd enw “Why have you kept away from me and 25 why do you prefer to talk with one an- 26 other?” Phen they approached him and a7 said thus: ‘We were saying {0 one an- (6 few lines missing) other about this man that, behold! since yesterday he has been standing on the Sele bor ft ‘liar and the fire (20) docs not want to approach hira, but circles to either side, ‘and those of us who approach it burns up. But if it seem good to you order kim to descend from the altar, 0 that the fire also may return to its place as before.” Then the magus said to them: (25) 20V 25V 1f Lol 'e bynw swq’m. ‘Then let him be east down thence 2 (aw)sydg(’m JL Jiphiys’ wytmtq? and come down, lest hia staying on the 3 tty enw =[ J=. tty ywnyd x” altar shall encourage fools still more and 4 tr @)lw f'ym’y xw ynt'qry they follow his error.’ And when the 5 bnt Jaty p&t. rty Sy saint came down thence immediately the 6 Jérm’yn. rty en fire returned to its place as before 1 x]lw)Syway qw yntgry And immediately the wicked (5) ma 8 qw] qnz’y q0. gus ordered theve to bind hin like a dog 9 byn]ty rty aw ws’ and to cast hina into prison: ‘And do not 40 J= mt’qry mwyw give him food and drink until T order.” i rity dy pit'wn And after a few days the king sent orders 12 (wnt! [] to the wicked magus that he should go to (6 fow lines missing) Adurbaigan to the city of Ganzag and 46 [b](a)ty* qtw pn bind Takmhormazd, the marzban of that 17 (y)wnyd Wiytrit ple) place, and dispateh him thither (10) to 18 xwrt yty pw clint ptqilty® — the palace with a hundred horsemen. And when the wicked magus set out he swan- © sinsertion-mark % in the outer mangin by lines 16-18: "lx %q —_-moned the chief gaoler and admonished19 swa’z y" yw x[ny 20 myw rty ‘Lysy 21 Syraty (ily OLywn 22 [w)er( 23 ( 24 (qt IL 25 (WY (OL 36 = =L (a few lines missing) nm’ Jey 26R 1 imny'( 2 rty yalbt}iva my Oy 3 rt yty ‘WL 4 yty xwitrt, reyiL 5 arts’. at (IL 6 qywyd biyg p=[ 7 dywyd wy’q qw{r8 8 “dwrxwrmat dlswyt? 9 pitfr’s, ww yiOly 10 prtir's bt x¢L 11 a(}t mrtx(m)iyt (soveral lines missing) 17 PR(m)lwe 18 yty w= =[ 19 tw’ sirw 20 enw [ 2 pst 22 mylw 23 pl 24 x{ (coveral lines missing) qw x'wn] pr](yent Wdbtyq rely) “(rant nys|(t) n? wat tw my]d yw sirrey wldy Sw’. rty Text 47 him and said to him: ‘Until I return from where I am going, see that you allow no-one to give any food or drink to that sorcerer and chief of the Nazareans, (15) but let his life be tortured there in this punishment, while he shall remain bound, ‘until come. And immediately the chief gaoler went and did as he had comman- ded him. And the saint was in prison without food and without drink, harshly afflicted by fetters, for two months and siz days; and he was imprisoned in one house by hiraself until (20) the magus should return and come from where he had gone, while Saint Pethion did not cease from praying to God, but the sound of his prayer was heard both by night and by day 26R The magus threatened him and said: “Tomorrow at this hour you shall see his face like a corpse cast out in the desert?” And on the next day he ordered them to fetch Néhormasd the rad of that place and the magi and mobeds and chief mien; and he said to Néhormazd and to the other (5) rulers: “Go ... to that wicked criminal and make him ascend the desolate mountain where he dwelt, and in that place where the daughter of Aduthormazd received her punishment he too shall receive punishment, 80 that (10) punishment may be ... so that all men who see shall be terrified” .. (15) » From that day when I sent you to fetch him I have known your apostasy from the religion of magianism. But your impiety will return on your head, in that your evil deeds also stand before you (20) sas also before hirn.” And immediately he gave orders, and they took the seal from him and deposed him from his authority. And the magus onilered Mirburzin, who had been made Sahrdibte in these days and had been sent to him from the palace, that he should go with him 26V ‘And when they reached that place where he was to be crowned again they all approached him ... and began to per- ssuade him, saying: ‘Do not destroy (5) your life in this torment, O man, but only aay this one word: “Lam nota Christian”7 i we]yant s* pra 8 J= 8 mntyrb'at ° s['t 8° im’s xw'nt 10 inyd enw) 1 Horus ] ‘(several lines missing) 16 1" 18 Aay'm, 19 1 jwyny 20 br a itty) 22 ¥ 23 - pr a (soveral Lines missing) © Tine-filter 8] pod. rty WES) yioy (w CU) DT LI ow "w min’ 9} -ryp0 disty’] 2 atv 3 (ian? ple(wa'n)® 4 ]=t “dmyty nm°(eq)'n gy qui 5 J(os'wty b'(jene x(eypO wnt en xypO 6 7 8 9 Jo) xypOl nye)" we Dmty. etty) tw" (= = Jen tw” x(yp0) yw '(mq)e(y) (em") == dpe IL J (tyre yp vente Lrty mis pee )pry(alty 10 w’ alm. prye [vty ’w me]t(2)m(yjty yw(x)nw. pw" nmeq’n x” rw'n gprty’t ydywid Jxwey pC}ryent x roebep'ne Iity) en my (Jape (my }O GY" w'nwe vatyly lle) (appre Cay) “wletyty sie" Pity sdbtGe Lave wep st nt yay T= what) abe eqr in (iy) Caw ty x J=t plw= =) sfy]er 2) x(q) IE Jinepr8) (}tly) xvwtw bE Kad (on Jew" rong) 1= oC ety ddes)ey"( ney? Syeligtly plynms? yd(yiedyd S](w) ms wyd( m)x(6 p)'(rs)lelOn)tl-) HomieCayey mwyy ety SOL] t.rty Gin “ywecnjt prewin]@ =)E 1 am’tnt. rty (wnatn)e(! 2° eee(a')Lnl(®) Irty “72 xw alpr)t Cy mix) lint (sity We dw (CAL8] wrnw why 29 JEL J=E day (ay wr ety] (my Tt] 3 not (aoe twa) 4g) very sara, like aw, thee whole word being, nquevred into insufficient space © the last lolter estenutedd to Fill the line Aro berlelece —&fejuin the enangin 1 (P) (2) in the nangin in enesive script Sake posible p(ser ae (very) there ix huelly root for povsmn, ples'y) am power) — Enel (wnt and, wherever you wish (to go). go there and live.’ And the saint answered and suid to them with courage: ‘Do not act foolishly like fools... all your... (10) as... ..(15)... that. .shall his (20)... to... 27k As soon as his ears and nose fell on the ground the saint picked them up and kissed them and placed (them) on the palm of bis hands and said: ‘Thanks (be) to Thee, O merciful God, that my ears have heard Thee! Listen to my prayer, receive my entreaty and the offering of these members which (5) Loffer to hee, ‘and be reconciled, Lord, with Thy sheep and also have mercy on Thy weak ser vant: and Thy ... . by Thy sinful people for the profit of Thy flock. And ‘Thou, Lord, who dost not eat the flesh of calves and also art not pleased with the bloord of other (10) animals, renounce the Mood of nin! Lord, Thy sacrifice wud ‘hy offering (is) purity of soul and cleanliness of mind.’ The executioners loft hin in this pain... from day to day. so that perchance he might abandon his” faith, and the saint (15) remained stand jing all night in prayer And on the next dayy Milrburzin gave orders to the executioners that they should cut off his two hands; and the executioners did as Wikrbursin com- manded. And in that amputation the int anjfered very painfully and bitterly, suing: ‘Listen, Lord God, (20) to my, prayer and accept my request for the preservation of Thy people . .. out of the hhands of their enemies.” And they hung those limbs which they had eut off in front ‘the saint on that erag which was above his head. And that day also they left him in this pain,av TL Tel Tiwtw yew pe xtvi[po 2 [x]be ew" y(awys xwely m’)x bweny vty [ 8 prhnty® (xyjpO'we(n}t b(y IL z1C renwal 4 (yan JWrt yey peyryt vty Sw't =L 5 pr nity’y niydty xey. (r)ty Sw 6 ny mne’y en] cpwlity’ ptwyd. rey mis) (tPem{yq myO (any)w (o)xws)tty Jwy? Gy't Cdm)xt. (Ly 8 (yex’y)nt wy" SC )Eny Kt) en 2nw)aty 9 rfwle(@ int IL ===. nity xe) =L 10 x (jn (p)L'dt pe est|eya WHOLynt Li pewydma? (qu bw) 8. ety qywl 12 2'(njwq. vty (x}w wyspy zb°q "zn( eile 13. xey pel mjywn aff}eywn. ety qyw ‘eal £4 prsgy (aw “(yan pm myn. tly 15 r(x pmetimy)e( my 0) f°m'y x}Lw 16 (wy) prygt ‘dm)st rty pnt “yslnt 17 [wily)" ptient en dwn sext. rty (p)let 18 (p)tfr's ny “ne’(y}t x(w wi(ylinly GLA 19 (prymy)aFeCyn)" "Ge my)sp% Tdmy (/rein® prt wnt’ y)ty pr Sq’ [ft ns wy (my)0 (prt Tene IL press(t)iy 100 rym.y s(e) Len (srw jplerr) y. Jety “PG myMC Le ht aipyet (dy )ity ww w'(h) @ psy(p)bOwne 25 (pill dajew( yity wyspy zwr CCwPL 96 (pbVejy. peers yw yw (mpur(y}tiy) [ws 27 [nye TANG Irty qO(ry tyyw xwtw hye (pller” sy]Cunje(y](y Zmny’. ety (GOL 29 f Do prgnty’s fe less ann 1975, 07 9, 5 Jy Shot [bIC}I elas in Sumter, Pragment « newt Jet vou Nt? WL 2 TH=1xw (FL 2 qOry zw shwall 3 lu Tysnt " Jew)xte)merl Fragment b Ret Ty aL ve et “2 pr ” *% 4 SineWiiana, Besinee Tofanteste XIE Text 49 Awl on the third day the wielsed ma. aus ordered. and (25) they severed his ‘arms from his shoulders and hung them ‘on those trees which were on the crag above him: and the executioners did everything as he had commanded. And the saint hegon fo say these words with joy: ‘Praise he to Thee, my Lord Fesus Christ, who hast made worthy amy weak self that av T might bear Thy yoke upon my tro shoulders, for sect is Thy sweet yoke, Oar nd wry light is Phy bur- len, O merciful Lord God. Blessed is he iho is worthy that he may bear (it) and 440 to enltivate Thy vineyard which (5) is planted upon trath!” And they left him that lay also in this pain, while he ceased nol to render praise. ‘And again on the Fourth day the wicked magus ordered them to ent off all (bis) limbs. And the executioners approached that they might sever the shins from the knees: and the executioners struggled Iai to cut his shins, And the saint said: (10) ‘My jeet have stood in rectitude, and in the church T shall render praise to Goul, and to Him every knee shall bore, and every tongue shall confess that Je- sus Christ is Lord over all creation. And to Him De glory andl honour andthanks- siving for ever, Amen! And they left hin agitin that day. (15) And on the fifth day Mikrburzin orcered the seecutioners to ent off his renuaining limbs. and they approached aul severed the thighs from the haun ches; and in all this grievous punish- ment his tongue did not cease from praising the Lord. And so they hung every limb which they had cut off kim (20) thus on the trees and on the crags aul rocks which were there. And they leit him again that day. And on the sixth day Mikrburzin or- dered them to cut off his head. And when the exeeutioner came that he might cut off hix head the saint hegan to pray and said thus: ‘Lord God, Thow (25) in whose hand is held all creation and. all power since Thow ereatedst and orderest ceerything, listen to the voice of sinners ond receive the supplication of penitents, and now, Lord God, do Thou receive the_ ee 50 Text t Fragment ¢ prayer of Thy servant in this last hour Rpt == ve It ‘and... Lord, and I pray and beseech “2 Jet ay (PIL #2 ]= dbtyg.[ Thee, Lori, receive the desire and peti #3 Jmy pty=[ #3 |{m)sdym{yd tion of all those who call upon Thee in “4 Yury “4 J== Hy) my name Pragment d RIL (==)ely). VE tt 1=tl cit lotray +2 yd pytir’s ytly +2 |Waw y'tyty = 13 = ty pol +3 Jt Mewnte nys)ft? “4 “ =o almost certain — Yor (nyyw)([S? Fragment REL et vt tt #2 Jamr)t(x)myt. r(t}ly 420 yy yty pr = +3 = my(a) e'miw 3 Commentary IR “if. Syrine: “Pho witnoss ofthe triumphs of Mar Pethion, the holy marty from the land of Balasfarr, and of uae Naurhormied, a mobed from Behiabir, and of Anthid the mobed's daughters they who in the ninth Soar of Yazdgerd, king ofthe Persians, received death for the name of Christin the land of BalaSfarr, in the “ath year by (the reckoning) of the Grecks, which was the 228rd year of the kingdom of the Persians And Teen he ninth year of Vazdgerd (II) son of Warhrin king of the Persians—the Warhrin who ruled eigh- teen years after Vardgerd (1) his father, even that Yazdgerd (I) who reigned twenty-one years—and he governed his kingdom in great tranquillity ‘The Sogdian ns reconstructed differs from this Syriac version in the ordet of the phrases and other de- tails, and aloo in a couple of matters of fact. The phrase p're “(w)t(){2] (line 6) seems to translate SyF- bie d-pfey ‘land of the Persians’ transferred here from a later mention of Bebisbar i Bedjan’s text, 5.0. Tho preceding word [ =] spr is therefore more likely to be fiy/()épwer than a corrupted form of Waltifar (Sov, blspr),‘The montion of WebGbir in its turn implies thet Aduthormazd and/or his daughter Nalid were named in the missing part of line 5, sinco the only connection of WebSsbar with the story is that it was their home town. Tn the Syriae ttle quoted above Yazdin a not mentioned hecause he was not a martyr. The translator of copiist who inverted hia name appears to have overlooked this fact, since (y=) Jn (ine 5) 18 probably a subject of oneor both ofthe verbs in Lins 5 and 7: (mr](c){_ }pSy82'rut (~ gl mut received death’) and Froul(e) (egy O(b)rnt “bear witness’ (i.e. "be martyred’, ef. Benveniste Ktudes 25 132). 1 does not seem finely chat fis genitive: "Yazdin's disciple Pethion.” Another error of fact is found in line 10 where the dees he who reigned twenty-one years’ are applied to Yezdgerd Il instead of to Vazdgerd 1; but the Sy. tovt in ambiguous, an will be seen if the additions in parentheses are removed from the translation above “Theses azother copy of tho title and incipit of the atory of Pethion, in Syrine and Sogdian, on f. 120V. See below, p- 185. 712 Hanon’ reading of the missing fragment ia probably not to be relied upon. I eannot restore line 7 a read by him. In line 9 he reads and restores for]dy’, which is impossible since srd is » heavy stem. © westoration [ay/dy this spelling is found at G8V.11-is excluded by the fact that ey’, w/?, ete. fo not seat for counting yours, My emondation is based on the words l-nllet d-psy’ ‘in respect of the kingdom of the Persians’ in the Syriso, but is naturally quite uncertain. Tho word for ‘200', S.(*)buy 100 is dieyt in soma *plydt- docl) ‘at rest’: pla'dy un- ~ ynach (ap'el) ‘give ros’ (C2), 8. (Christian) ermty ¢ pe'dy (1970) = B28, R8), feompar. pedy.atr ~ nyk'® “(more) restful’ (ST i, 5 01, R2, spud Sundermenn 1974, 246). In pre- Haar een atymology offered in GMS (which involved a phonological iregularity ef, below. p.188)-Dr Gershevitch now proposes a derivation from *pati-sad- (yhad-‘sit) wa few pty my, (infor) steptr mt (to) ft] ~E eo” on” ha Ue ed “Would it not thus have heen. mana heccining for you, if... The pret. mis an over literal translation of the Sy. pf. hw’, which i Bere aoe en gnedal sense, Similesly (f)(ry]{8}c (s}¢(y) in the next line dees not convey the modal foree of the pi itdr For further similar instances ee below, commentary to 18V.25, 89R.0 and 60.20 26 dart’ yly IC)ir( yum) ~sin’ “peace, kiss of peace, greeting 27 peye(yjat: ef. Benveniste Etudes 1, 301 with n. 15. 29 pleydt- either (i)=B. prt, P6.20, secondary past stem of pa(téazs.. with 74 =25 as a result of the tendency discussed below, p. 67, oF (i) for pep, past stem of paéydz, with intrusive pscudo-historical £ tod vveantion to sdemotic® pt. (on which see above, p. 50 n. 4) A further possibility is that the two past stems pleyt- and poyit- have been confused (presumably only in writing) uR 16 m(y)wn ‘whole’: not in the Syr. text, 18 23°(w)n~ Syr. ‘crown’ SI qrp(o}t—Abif ‘paths’. ‘The correspondence q'rp0~sbyt” is found azain at 11. probably also at 527.10 (et. pp, 99-100 below). The meaning ‘way. path’ also suite M. q'rpA(0), Tale B, 20, of which Hnning’s interpretation as ‘mould, cobbler's nt’ = Gk. xahordioy must therefore be abandoned. This is evidently the same word as the krply which occurs in the two Aram. inseriptions of Layman ‘the name of a road (rit), rightly explained by Humbach, Eine weitere aramiciranische Inschsft der Periode des Vn according to GMS § 356) while Vén remained. ‘afrey ‘speck’ is etymologically identical with the better-attested sfr'eg, B. (")spr'ck’, as pointed out by ‘Schwartz (on the etymology and semanties see Schwartz 1974a, 261 and STSC 126 with revisions 8, 11). ‘The form with -F usually means ‘thing, matter’, but probably elso possesses the sense ‘speech’, e.g. in SCE 179, Vim. 42 (~Chin. #8 ya ‘speak, speech, ete.’ in both passages) and ST ii/4.19. 10 pr “ntgy’ ~nkp'yt ‘modestly’, also “nlqy’ ~nkpuet’ ‘chastity, modesty’, 1028.17. Professor Emmerick refers me to Khot. dnata- ‘protected, secure’. with which Bailey (e.g. Dictionary of Khotan Saka, Cam- bridge 1979, 18) has already linked B. "n't ‘carefully, exactly’. 11 qt'aq: error for *g’mt'sq, historical spelling for mtsq (=kamtdsk, see Sims-Williams forthcoming a) as earlier in the line. 12 “m’e sw(q)'m: not in the Syriac, unless ngy’ (nequid ‘ewe') has been translated twiee, the first tim agua ‘ready’ 16-17 (p)r Cwne [fryn'] ‘how!”. For tho restoration ef. 12V.3. Since fryn- is f., éwne may be the f. of an interrog, adj. *cwny or *cwnty; probably the latter, which would be an *-aka—cxtension of Av. fydvani-. In genoral initial Zy became sy and ultimately § in Sogdian as in Avestan or Persian, but where the group éy came into being too late or was preserved too long to undergo the first part of this change it developed instead to. This is proved by the prefix c’- ‘how’, correlative to w’- ‘so’, which must be com- pared with OP ciyd-: avd-. 16-18 Syriac: ‘How may her glorious appearance and her beautiful face be delivered over in @ short while to destruction and laceration at the hands of the magus and of those who are gathered with him? Line 17 contains elatives, probably corresponding to ‘glorious’ and “beautiful’ in the Syr. If do ny(S)ntq’ paraphrases hb!’ ‘destruction’, (p)wtyy prvry(r)ntq’ may correspond to bursbs' ‘laceration, tearing to pieces’. C. putgy is also known from 69V.18, where (p)r( Jeyn gy zorm xey t puofay bwty’ translates Syr. b-"pr' d-bl” w-b-hob' Lentr ‘with dust which wastes away and with flowers which wither’; hence, plyy bwe-~b0 ‘erum- ble, waste away” (hardly ~ntr “drop, wither’, since the Sogd. version omits the image of the flower). Nei- ther passage is a sufficiently literal translation to provide an exact definition of the meaning of putgy. Formally it may be compared with B. muriky ‘death’, a comparison which suggests a derivation from past stom *put, presumably, with Benveniste Etudes 1, 327, to ypa- ‘rot, stink’, ef. also Yayn. pita ete36 Text 1 Dr. Gersheviteh suggests that the meaning may he ‘disintegration’ (from ‘rotting’). The meanine of the verb preyr (which also accurs in another difficult idiom, ef. p95 below) 35 (praym~t6e “demand; (legal) enquiry, juelgement; punishment’, Bither ‘enquity’ or “punishment? would suit the present context, but the latter meaning is required for pro'ym, P2.1149, listed hetween “oy and ynp'wnk, MacKenzie’s connexion with B. pram “to massage’ (BSTBL IT, 51) seems more attrac- tive than a derivation from yfras- (as in plif’s ete.). which would leave -yww unaccounted for. [plf) nigh’ w(n)~Syr. in the strength of Jesus the healer who gives life to all’; V30 sym’ cw Ao iin tiacng that yrtape, The enespondence betwen Sos and $3 isnot exact in either case, but the identification of the tiny fragment which contains these two phrases is made almost certain by the preservation of part of its bottom marin unknown, ww 1 Pnje( ty (m't) ~sr hw’ “resided”, For ‘ney in this sense ef. C1174 with Henning’s comment (apud Gershoviteh 1946, 182). 2 "aymy: see Schwartz 1969. 447. 3 picrn e(wq): compound, as indicated by the fact that the Tight stem carg- (=8. “ek, GMS § 885!) is not inflected. Whether porrn, which occurs only here in C2. isa heavy stem like its equivalent gnen in Texts 3. or a light stem like B.. M. and C. parru- in all other MSS cannot be distinguished.—iy,iy ‘noble’, not in the Syriac. Cf. Gershevitch 1942, 99-100; 1969h, 175-177; Benveniste Etudes 1, 380; Szemerényi 1970, 505 -H06, 6 The scribe has left a lank for the name ‘Tohmin, presumably intending to fill it in hater 9 mawh(yn)t~glre “they poured forth, rushed out’; see Schwartz 1970}, 298.—The phrase ryly ny we(yly ean only mean ‘they went out to meet Nabid’ (Syriac: “(they rushed out) frombefore him’), ef €36=TiiB100, R(2)8-9: emi axe ve by Eyl ystHL Hare Je18'( Jraty ayy Wyre Joke] Jawa(njty’ When the Lord God’s messenger shall come, go out joyfully to meet (him)’, This adverbial use of ryty must be compared with its more frequent employment as & postposition (= Yarn. rite), ox ibid. R(2)11—12: use ajey «pr awsn( ty” my) [Ey] remy Zynty ryty “Blessed is [.. . who sball go out] joyfully to meet that mesenger’ 11 n'zyl zutyn: the people mistake St. Anihid for the goddess “Anihid the Lady (banag)’. "The Sogd. translation shows clearly that dmg (Bedjan 588 n. 1) is the correct reading of the Sy {accepted into Bedjan’s text and into Thes. Syr. Suppl. 51D). [uP U(r): the exact meaning cannot he established from this passage. since itis translated rather freely Jnut in 61R.26 Sy'te translates myér “hetter, more excellent” it IS § 120A) whereby sy'tr is comparative of Syr- youl T2=1B Both vy, sehr) y's "We OMT yNC IO MCa.Jon ann “eeSmie ey, 208 phrase P neryin’ hiet“jinyh “aid not lift up her eves’. Hensen therefore trans veniste Etudes 1, 330 proposed instead «blessaits, comparing B intrinsically improbable and receives no support {rem the Syriac. ‘The assumption of a sryif-) ‘raise’ is further supported by (srja’s). 04R.2. ~ yriem, ap'el (as here). Ultimately this verh may belong to Germanie risan, caus, *raisjan (Pokomy IEW 331), English ‘rise, raise. rear’. tv which Burtholomae AiWW 1530 re- lated Av. irisant-. Other possible connexions would he with Av. w:-«rite- (suxgested by Dr. Gersheviteh) or with yraz- (-+8-extension) 18 (p)r (= "trey eSmao “with averted (or downeast) eyes’? Not in the Syriac, Possibly to yieart 18 ply'd:. see Schwartz 19T0b, 292 mn, 12. 19 wy: see below, p. 67, uty riae rather than bag agreement with Henning's etymology (apud ule Syr. ated 29,42 as riehtete'. Bens hut such i colourful metaphor iss com to translate the si BR Preliminary ote to ff. 13 ant I: as stated above, p. LE with n. 12, these (we folios were identified by Professor Schwartz, many of whose as yet unpublished interpretations have heen ineorporated (in abbre: viated form) in the commentary below 15 qcenytgge Sr, len’ ines’. Aduchormazt' ites i described in the preceding passe, where aay 1 the MS of SE i/6 (onaitted in the wi Schwartz STSC revisions S, where also ZY occurs at the end of a lie. # CE. Houning BSOAS 13/3 [1948], 603 1. 1, and Boyee BSOAS 1 On whieh aew below, p19 1, 28. pelle, ws of jon). Cf tw fragment CH =THB25(0) cited by /1 (167), 86-37,Test 1 87 it ix stated that “his brain dried wp (yhi also “became stiff. num)’ (Bedjen 380.16); hence ef. NP kara ‘numbness’, Yen. hurd, 1 Soud. ke (aie (nypth) (Sehwart) )-23 The phrases ‘unl obey you', to go after him’ and “who wn great amongst this people’ are not in the Syriac. These restorations are therefore quite hypothetical 1-25 Syriac: “I will make you above all the noblewomen who are in the kingdom.’ Since it is a little awkward for the mage to refer to the kingdom as ‘my kingdom’, perhaps ane should restore [ysiter]t xyp(O) ‘Yazigerd’s’, but this construction is not frequent in C2. 26 y.giet~ Sv. drwnyy (hapax legomenon). Schwartz emends to Sdren-ys=Pehl. drwny secrates the rou bread’ andl derives the Sogd. word also from yyre-. Wrongly Thes. Sy the Syr), and Benveniste Etudes 2, 111 (on the Sod.) 27 policy ~ pyggh (road *pygh?) “infantry” (Schwartz). priest who con- pple 4b (on BY HeJOon)(y) “please? (4-past inf.) =B. pray, M. fene’y (GMS §§ certain in view of the following, delay in empty 7 yo(ven)lg-n ing 18 “ply, ‘equal’, used as a predicative adj. Cf C7 = THIBGI, VIS Gin STSC 46) "pty ary) ~ Ser. is able’ (wrongly Schwartz); C3=THBS. RIS, wr ylat Sly pr( Jby’p “were not able to grasp’. On B.nghy (Vim, 44), “npth (VI 1241) as predic. adj. ‘equal, able’ see MacKenzie BSTBL I, 16. The assumption that this is a special wsaye of the adj. “p/y (usually ‘whole, complete’) seems to be contradicted hy the pointing iy, which ean hardly he reconciled with an ®-aka—stem. suggesting rather that "yty is the obl. of @ noun {probably Olr. *han-gati-) functioning as a predicative adj. (cf. the similar usage of "nc'ny, "sy. ete.) Possibly: then ‘nytk in VU is the scribe's error for “nyt, ef. 2y° mk for opt. =y°m"y in VS 244, 20 pyjy “hotrothed’ : see Schwartz (974a, 259 and STSC revisions 12. 1-23 Syriac: ‘Which of the mighty men of power that (were) in the world was not subjugated and bound under his lordship?” 24 gf ‘if (~'hr), For a possible explanation of this unique form sre below, p. 66, n, 25 plyus(zsqe)n: the only example of the dur. &z-impf. in C2, hut no other reading seems possible. Asso often (see commentary to 7V.24) the Syr. construction fact. part. + pf. fas”) has been taken in its most common sense (imperfective pust) rather than in that required by the particular context (irvealis, of. Nildeke. Syr. Gramm. p. 219), 27-28 Strictly spealinss, vm (Sere wn what ) 208, 1682). Not in the Syriac, but F. The restoration of the nest clause is very doubtful (Syriac: ‘and do not profitless words’) peney] (woe. fa ef Sims-Williams LI79b, 380) fy ‘Tool’. Ch yrexng-p ny “diseern- ne cess with “ype (aude “thine” in ine 28, but Chave hot heen able to reproduce this construction in ‘The clause ‘or take anything of His! the translator's pkibortion of wbelybh “(do any thing to Him) andl to His’, perhaps influenced hy St, Anhid’s earlier statement (Ted jan 591.12): 2 Ins ing’ d-nsb mah ned ‘no-one is able to take anything from Him wray,wnt: hardly a genuine form, perhaps the result of a moment mis toh 1s hesitation between way (opt) und rant (subj.), ef. below, p. 66 n. U9, on renntut.—w'fyyd Emaw ene e5(ajy am(sy') ~alyh a little, mere- ly’. For the phrase ef. Pahl. éasm-mézisn ‘twinkling of an eye, monient’. The ambivwors 1. form nya’, Vim. 201, has een assumed to contain 2 )n WARM: gape, BLV.T: BB. yaplorn(h. GMS § 113: Skxpwt, P2435 ete.: s’alepaetr (=s0n'ntplr Sutin), P7204; Mug pom (=Avahie gol}, 1/2. In forms such as S.meyptie (168.10, 11) sk 5). ke p (P6.24) and 97° npnirh (P2.1115 ete.) it would he jinssible to see the same devel fv. phe and aeypte, Int the final eff) seed not have any phonetic significance in 8. sevipt 1 wonls aie not found in the Sy. texts, Toya Wein for “Wb as the ace, of stems in “my see Sims-Williams 19816, 1112, translates df ‘mockery, disgrace’, which is of course quite uncertain. ef. yay. ete, discussed The Sea. is much longer than the Syr. text, which has perhaps suffered from homoioteleuton (ef yo tive in the Sogdian). For w'1s ‘thing’ see Sims-Williams 1976, 64 n. 99 ween ff Cw “tal “trom yesterday’ (B mn ‘mty ‘from when?" probably a corruption of man Ce amet wl fn spite oF Mie paw (Live JDP. 14 Leif els yen BI wie hy Sher magick 113), Yayn. piyin ‘yesterday’, B. BURL ghiin “to all sides’, ef. kare kus, VF 19h. "f0°} (from) the altar’ un (nn irom there. This interpretation is dependent on that We aah himin may be taken as (on) the altar’ ~tmn ‘there’, ‘The C. Sogd. equivalent of M. “‘Wesiondy been noticed, For its meaning here (which may have heen modified hy the HSN 125 G1aI8) gos fine 2 NMS), 605 5, (littwntly Skjsrve AO AT (19TH), 1 1), Ch Spe. yop, up’62 Toxt preceding word-apparently the same in both passaues, possibly a f adj. agreeing with pyn-n., ef. Sims. vince 197ob, 242 with n. 40) one may compare Arm.bagin ‘alta’; for the coexistence ofthe evo man ings in one language cf. B. Byi'n'k ‘altar’ beside M. [of(2)wdPp0' vy ‘synagogue’ (or ‘Jewish temple’) (Henning BSOAS 18/2 [1956], 967 with n, 3). 25 1-2 Syr. B that his remaining there be not a further incitement to fools to go alter his error’, € ‘profit ven ha vemaining there, and it will incite fools still more to err after him’. In the context itis searesly poesible that un is a 9g fom, The Syr. gum’ ‘remaining’ suguests that it ip an abstract Now This is upported by two unpublished C. passages: em gly0'y sway put’ C= TiB2Ta. V1) (Lentz); eg’m xey. “1, G28 —TiiB62d +THB2, V28. The suffix dm could safely be postulated as the basis of the extended ab- veces vttixes amd, -amé, imandé (cf. GMS §§ 1099-1102) even were it not probably already attested in M. find’m, C, bn’. ‘Cite mark of insertion may indicato that the sentence ‘And they carried out his command instantly (thus €; B om.) was added in the mangin. se thither = leptmiky “into his presence’. Cf-ms', 54.19, which may translate Heliwon ‘into their presence’ Ted pitum [wnt']~Yekr, pei" “worn, caution, admonish’. C. péfwen (see Sunderman 1081, 108 2.200) =8.(‘)piturn(h) (KG 440, 1.60.6), M. "péfe(n) (KG 2382). The verb (')pily, means both ‘admo- nish (e4, B2-1206, of, Henning, Paris Texts 725) and ‘entrust’ (VJ 304, ef. Benveniste’s edition P 93). Cf the semantic range of Latin ‘mandare’, English ‘command’ and ‘commend’ a The words immediately (he) went” arein neither B (And he did as he commanded him’) nor € (And he carefully observed his order’). 18 pu cfént]: alternatively, pu e[n cint] (cf. pre cn, 14R.19 ete. piguélptg(y)st see Sims-Williams 1979a, 133-184. 31-22 [an Joy fe ar~ Sy. B gl d-sheth ‘the sound (literally “voice’) of (his) prayer noe. GMS § 1166; NP 6é a2).-On 26R 5-6 Syriac: ‘Go, fetch that wicked criminal . BtoB. by the amputation of his limbs shall be his destruction, and by this form of denth shalt be his dcctraetion’s C: ‘while by this form of death shall be his destruction, (namely) the amputation of al his limbs, each one separately’, 31 Ont'py ‘seal’ and. the associated verb fp see Benveniste Etudes 1 IP 80 [1975], 90-91. 29. On the etymology see Weber 26V * u’nt: the Soga. apparently abbreviates the Syr. text of © (B is even longor): ‘and do not entice me vith ompty luret as (ou would) a child, and do not expend useless time in your further words 0 Me, but proach and bogin the work which you have been commanded (to do) The phrase a['t 2° Sm’ a'nt ae vent to match the Syr. ‘your further words’, in which case zie'nt might mean ‘appeals’ B- wzu'nh ‘proclamation’. The meaning of C. ew in ST i/6.24, 81,32, and C80=THBI7b R(2)9, is not clear to me. 2k 1 pus kis’, of, Bonveniste Etudes 1, 326, who considers the Sogd. verb to be related to rm. pit Dae CONE bite nor to such sermes ‘exprossivs' as xs. pa, ba, Waxi buh, Vidya boh, NP mat, AU these vravd ave probably merely onomatopoeie, cf. E. Hellquist, Svensk etymoloyiseordbok 1. BAt (twanslated by AS.C. Ross, Etymology ... London 1958, 47): “Wprds ofthis meaning usually contain the vowel w but the initial varies—it is however usually a labial b, p,m. 5 Jfa}suty 8... en~"tr” Ie “bo reconciled to, agree with’. The difference in the construction between the Soud. und the Syr. makes it impossible procisely to define the meaning of [(2)Fty oF restore the poinning of the word, which according to Dr. Gersheviteh may contain a sutix “wty (of. GMS § 1079 on B. cyn’'(*Jut(y))- (6.5 Syriae: ‘And, my Lord, let these limbs be for a reconciliation with Thy ssistance of the flock of Thy servants (C for the flock of Thy sheep) Ju10 Syriac: “Thou who dost not eat the flesh of calves anc also art not pleased with the blood of ani- mala! Sogel. pry(ty other will most naturally apply to ‘animals’. For the tentative restoration [n' gP'm {ul people and for theTextt 63 ef, Benveniste’s comment, Etudes 1, 310, on BST ii/15R.21 =C2/60R.21; «Le composé n’g’m est construit, verbalement, litt. ‘il (était) indésireux que . (see further below, p. 131). This construction may be at}fested in the Mug texts: L’ #’m, B18.7, 13 (for 1 sg.); &’m, B17, V1 (for 2 sg.). Cf. also tho Sogd. fut. in -Bm and the OP construction ya mam kame dha. 10 prye~'rp' ‘let alone, much less’, 23g. impy. of Yrp’, ap‘el ‘leave’. Except in the unlikely cireumstance that Sogd. possessed a similar idiom to the Syr., the translation is over literal 12 zw'cy: C. xw’e(=M. 2 ‘pain, illness’) is probably to be seen also in zw'cy, C42, R(")8, and jajw'eyt, C28=[TiilJB, V9, but the usual form is zu(y)e.—On rwcp’n ‘executioner’ see Benveniste Etudes 1, 327, In view of the plurals p(‘)ryent and 2°, r(w)ep’n here is probably a mistake for *rieep'nt. Throughout t passage the Syr. texts vacillate between ‘executioner’ and ‘executioners’. 18 Syriac (B): ‘until the next day.’ 18 Syriac: ‘And in this amputation the saint was suffering great (C+and bitter) pain.’ For p(w. seems impossible to read *purzng~ peg’ ‘amputation’. A pres. inf. p(wzy) (similarly Sundermann 1975, 67 1. 50, where the restoration pwz/'y] for Hansen's prox = = is suggested) would be awkward syntactically. av 1-2 For tho metathesis seen in yyu-~*yuga- ‘yoke’ (not previously attested in Sogd.) ef. M. ylgw-, B. tho, edkw- (GMS § 423). 2 bwe=S. fuze ‘to deliver’, not otherwise attested in C. Sogd. 3 The hapax legomenon pr(b)nty ‘load’ = *pari-banda-ka- provides the source of Kuchean perpente id.’ (mentioned to me by Prof. K. T. Schmidt) 4 peyry, ~Vf'n, pial ‘bear’. Also attested in C16=TiB66+TiiB61, R23: °t pepry SqurDyt "t 2m'(q)- [yegt] (probably 3 sg. opt.). Since it is « heavy stem, this vorb must be derived from an older *paé-yriy.. 86 )iny|(t) ~é7’ ‘shins’, ef. B.3n'Eh ‘shank’, on which see MacKenzie BSTBL II, 50, and Benveniste Notos 2, 217, who connects it with NP Sdna ‘shoulder’. Instead, Dr. Gersheviteh compates Pasta siinga ‘leg’ and Pabl.«'n, a’n (also, incorrectly, sé°n) translating Av. aaéu- ‘shin, calf", which he derives from *srduni cf. srauni- ‘hip’. 18-14 ['2'n] pro(qy)’ “acknowledgement, confession, thanksgiving’, see Schwartz STSC 111. The Syr, texts have no corresponding word here. 17 pé(s)'nt~ "te ‘thighs’, ef. Benveniste Etudes 1, 328.—swn sry~gi" ‘haunches’. Cf. B. awn ‘hips’ (6oe Henning apud GMS § 371) and, for the compound, S. z'mk sr(y) in a list of parts of the body (almost certainly that referred to by Henning Sogdiea 2), 16201, col. 1, 13. 18 ‘nc'(y)t: probably impf. mid, Less likely ‘historic pros.’ or pret. ftom a secondary past stem ne’yt 19-20 The second ‘thus’ is not in the Syr. text. ‘[ft] ~SqyB" ‘crags’. For the restoration see Gershevitch AHM175, fn..and of. 4y'ftin C28 }TiB25, Vid. 24-26 B ‘O God, all-holding and almighty, ereator of all and ruler of all creatures ...’; € “0 Lord God, all-holding and almighty, creator of all things visible and invisible . . The restoration of the Sogd. version implied by my translation is of course uncertain, since it would amount to a very free paraphrase, but note that the nom. wyspy 2'wr implies that the epithets ‘all-holding end almighty’ have heen replaced by a passive verbal construction. The reading (pls’c)y is very unclear, but here eain a verbal construction is in- dicated by ¢'(nw). If it is correct, c'(mw)f ...] (pts'c)y ‘since ... Thou orderest” (to M. pts’, cf. C. pis'g) will paraphrase mdérn’ ‘leader, guide, ruler, governor’. 28-29 The sentence rty (g0)/ry ... }(=)[y](p0 vn) is not found in the Syriae text. Bo2d Concordance Sogdian Syrine Sogdian Syriae Bedjan Bedjan IR 559-561 oR 1V 501-562 ov SR 565—566 TR BV 586-567 W 4R 508 UR av 569 1v sR 870 2B sv 571 nv