— Heino Oscillations, 0 *Disagpearence Experinets: Use a We beart, for example fiom a reackg and collicle with % forget contenaing le nudes X R+eK try We can Calculate ‘uncom neutrino flux and hence He expected sunber af ct events, & Clrede ogalast measured 2° eveuts, sAppearence Experiments: fot, exauple, ll. 0 TB beamand Leb et tovel afired disfance bee oldig will @ tage Pot are pioduced then tw ketos At ov, Aimoshe ne Newhinos Pe ae p+ % >w + ( Ls yt DP Be cock cps ol Coste (0 : < owe empect bao Fantype cath | prsboa J £76) oO: r f re er R + = Deporing on He oneay f te nvestigated meidving contubutions also arise Grom Reon decry 4 +, > . sauce of K dees 3 Pa hen Ev %4GeV Ke —a Te eZ D for Ey eA pionfinvon decry ds dina wha? for Evy Sevtial GV Loveake booed 4or mans in hints Lg Reads A surface vorllond « srl pud potion of Hea decgg |of haw plans and Koons ore produced fram @ From — Rnovole ene Can calculate te cacti of Ye compared proton Collisions fo 2, wile an uuncedringy of obat 5% Concedenty of flax dy actually 20-30%)! Most Convincing experiments Super = Kamighande + Capon) From 1996 Hodes sWaler Gecenleay defector Simla prieiple fo Sent baoom Lat sith Lat ) @ 4000 Urdearound idle Cyclical fake filled Uih SOKT of ultrapure AO > Rt fot + 2 ® ao dectiuids @ from ya ta fl detects 1G Kr +e GBA raember Hod we eng Smalley X-sec. Ne cocho + R= N(Me Jobs less Afiodt Us ence 0 Ne Jap an fafio assuming massless Meuteinos 3 no oscibetions Ly If R#4 > Evidewse of meutine Orailletons Sule-GeV R= 0.63% 40.017 40.050 02h cet fe 0.695 122% 10.040 Explohahen: 1%, 91% oscillahon Noke that vs few deleckv: one can abso obbi'n avigub iiiformection & Deserimnate He actual mating source (Solar, ehmesph, Mactt,... ) Solar _Nadrinos rte fr only 4675 CN of Cte fohl Enew Fu mar fusion processes Called pp cyde and lo eyde } Toate The nt reselt ff He pp cole &s: 4p —> "I, + det + 2% oc alle |efen= annbiledion 4p le >" + 2% + 2678 MeVBut: What is Me posshle energies of AL preditedd —newtyinos? © b Must consider He LAL chain i oat spatenticMerna) Pe ‘s oe £ “Rate | 7 Mep Chatn P41 —3* D4 2 (ate) PRR TN, spy pe Meth sant ay He tHe +2p 412.0% Mel! 4U) nO ee Bee Ne PPT Chain pie _ or ap > EDP etn (40-42) SE a ad se Hh Fee t4s ; poeteted, at oth ae geo Lite of O3RENE) Jo Nia Btape ere Bes NG oats poe OX tek ty %m mvlet sr Usual) ak —5 Ae taney 4 ppoteetrommy 0 Teen Te Pr I chain So Pe result is: * 86% 2's flom PPE AGA i, frome RPI “es ag ht wleoky fackons from hep & PPIT (hie eons B's) The upshot “Us At allough He Shundowd Solar Model (SSM) is compliceked one can qeedict tl Plug of “netetncs Had ate produccel by He sen, Nowe of tbe Gavia: Doktor wis and deck f Me fluc agrees tlh predelns from fe SSM. tee ays to de His: A)Radiochenical delecin 2 tre —> A 2utyser Libis ingphod dul ts cbal Csue? Deeaye Mame” ae 2 Mellod contisns 20 hare, dlirechony or encigy deperdace Coxeph for Lover div 2) Waker Cheiekoy detection (Suipee Kanvokarte Som before ) 5 Coon distr He sance of Ae neichinos tg angular raformation!® Hooaer, tay Heeddt of SM for Ae incon > Only sense © € from "B decay! 3) Vea Water Deflection: Stuolbury Neulaino Cbeervetiy (SNO) im Canada Use DO dnstead of HO > Also hav. e-v seallering as bebe Opens two New chanads: Yet A—+e +p+p (cc) Ahvessld = 4.42 MeV V4 d—> Vt pM CNC) Moerhld 2 2225 MeV L, SNO ds sexithve Lo all flavaus of menkinos Hew 4k WC itoacton Consida Phase “I resuts from NO: (Zoos) G7 1998 #003 7B ov Mu ce eho! feme2 srt) * Db 0. (o’cwt?s~*) ES 49} 1074 + 0.08 Rggtonsoas Ne SST oat o.8 fests of 2 popular solew models: ssm[BPsoa(ss)] — S-94bO- SOMYSHPU(Gs)] —-S.S810.1¢ => NC measuienent Seams 4a age urd He SSM b defed of a’, from CC and ES mensuarents Does His ean we hae poof of Meaty Oscillations? oPedbablty thot 2 Ye produced tn He Sun *8 mat converted troveling fe @Adhs fiac Ay och ergy brhocen Cand Cede aed B(E) sin (42x) Jae Ee)=4. CAS sae | a (= ll AMA Aaxfo“ Rac Aen* E : A poet AO Tey gies @ fader of Mo FP nore dlan Alf ve suevive STh He older radigchumical lutecon muleds Vacutin os. svere compartble, 8 However, we see Hod thes dis aot fe case auth te Wo dada, (clipes Pe N6Re AO OMS Pe ae eee eStIE OO Eero eee) Ss! Bam SSF x06 cw? g-4 => Need a mew mechanism to plain Mo flix of Rs acing from th sun Neutino Oscilfahions 14 Madtter (MSW effect Derivatio males amore sense um fle Hasulbniaw Aumelisa! Revishng Nletiino Oscillations an & Vacuum: Once again bets consider oily bso flavascs, Tiwe evctution of fe mass Ciyerstaes is deMmbed by a diagonfl Howltoman: G6 id POV 2 y [2 hoe He [Er Ol wm ey (OE bs 4 yop” 7 of] ELt [2e oe o te From before we fenas fe moss and flovaw erseastotes are connected throng cosf sin® v= (3 .) As a result Ae fine-euduttion Of Ae flare’ eigenstates & given by ia [eo =H! ele) > Am=mp-m> dt (ZU) ye) 2 a2 2 fcos2e sin 2 whee H's UHUt = |B + weil eel \ Ae FE | sinae cos HW! as dlen a veal sypmelic matrix ! cose gia 3 Can be diagonaled by He onegenal matin S = a ae Thor 0 general mune A-( é@ + & Adiay = SAS > Diagonlgig ange +s tan2e = 2cSs fe HY we hoe ton20=fon2@= 2He Har - His Uniform Matter Backscounct Maller \.s composed df 5, Us ancl ps ee in different madners. B i Nt co Cnc) Ry % i a ae 2 pin apn Only e's dateraet wll de Claupes Current! As we did in fe beguing of de feckwe: a Ble) % = ah = -21% GF [RON Ep ][edowr neck) ] (aller Fire wonleiag) Now Assuming forraed Secttering pap! ond averging over the boackaroune ff 2 AE = AD Gp LP) G Rel) EWU VS )e> To colenlafe Anis average make hot: - otal cto Spin. « spoliafbtielt = avenge velooly £0 Only ron-deival component £E Yre> 2 detep> = Ne. Effackve Lograngian us Alen given by qt - = JT Ge MeL TP ee Thy aside: We have He Lagioajar but Ge meecl He Hav'tan'an Ke pad For He Dirac Equation k= FO7-m)\¥ > p< oh itt (a4)So Hee Hamitfonion 25 there @ Me F6¥ ve MY & Diagonal aa our previous constructor Hasever ote A moa contributes Me= AE Gete Ba vein = Vee = 12 Gee hide es ‘Tathing ofr fan 0 paleatiol for 12! Now for fhe NC* eh =o ) Sein [Hed vt veep] [ZR (ch -CR VY) (00) ] ne > Aco*Oo Performing sacl He some preceduce + > We = (Ge Lins [Ti -2see, @] » Seep = Ipe-Te Howerer, Contlochon fiom electrons and profs cancel (Me=Np) aud Qp=-Ge _ ABGe Mn a Rating His ol together ve id soll a ee de (0) le) by Vwe = have: wher, be ago? =I ~ AM 0528 Am? fef_e+ Mme _ SEG \ 4 4 SAE cos20-4 ATG Me SE sine 4 2 i ou sind ~ cos] Now we aig may sa fle new Aisng aagle ne tl = ton = Zhe | Aisin La A= 27 Gee Hee - Hea Am? cos29 A A= Awcos2e = e ie Matiowl mang) 4 bande =e 9 8-H em if 8% vey small Sefet ay west dramahe thenot He eigenvalues Best bt hook, Ea= E- 4 Getty + ME i A 2e ~ ee wah My = 4 [ (ont mpta) = [Ce cosr¢—AY+ (20 amney | in He level Crossing Aragrant (G- 0.45) Veasying he dessty aA we obk } 2 A [ss cosew — : thy Devs Sew Me BEY ig, > mb ah x Mie pisestas fits wh, 65 in He wrteror of He Sun only % are produced. But with fe high desshy Hus cowesporde to Ae Keavier mass einen starts ane a resonance Fefion Ls passed here He comporenh of chs A decteases Ae mass eigurvtctes are Migped ! 2 So im He sun Ve produced 2 ot Wap A - fasdl s barely ont ve flavout Cigeasttes eave He Sun so seo Mes beer recall — Reny & Sin® 26 lam 28 = §(8) Geet eae, eles tennant tat? 26 441 We haveos ‘a -AY cl So: sin? 96 | Am? cosze =A o @ Am sin ay 2 SPD Reson valle ict (4 ~ 2os20) + ste Pe Am? sin28 ante a Essence of resonant eating oscilbatns’s (Adiabatic case menus sly legs sly) @ Consider ¥', produced af gece a § = ee () _ [osds sn8, : o 4/3 tie eee CaM Heameatt eel eaH(ereral Me ieretiertie Trovelng fo smaller denshos A doess't charge bat B= Anh $Y coo > KR component decreasos Suppse He beam amas leaves otter, Then § =O. Tle probobhty f of Fin ee Ale beam went from A at ozo 40 si af 9-0, Ly Ths ts called vesonauce conversion. @ Ye's produced ot finite 8 = Prep. te produce: %, & cost Pe sin? Se Be y Mlen prob, detecting Ve = co? Ae datechon 2209 G-Gilfrve defect no ' meh Se . Be sie pm cos28 ite => Pray + Cos?0, cos?a + Sin? 6, sin’ = + [4+ c0s28, cos 28 | Vide: Thee is alse nn adtobhe effects Aha mrad Hoe Cesut td) Pray = C1- Ras) RGR t Ras Roe = 4f4 1 (4-28) oth os20] Lardau-Penuen » Shuckasber dlading Mass and Mixing Angles @ Wilhod goiag info dehils Ae cureet Oxpedinonts gue te polls tel a 7 Amt = my — (mp +mp Rae aca : SCM) 5 Bovt= Ama Amer yo if macy cong a a CNormal Ierardy) > Ams Amy + Ama Zo if mgm em, ia Clnered hiewrehy) __ Recuorces Bed {4 Ge) Am, (joFev"[ 2.54 Oa, Jaw rote? ] 2430.06 (2.39006) Sint Ona 0.308 0.017 Sin? Oa , Bi >O 043g 1988 cess obese Sa sis, Ast ?O 0.02347 92022 ; : ee O00 oe ofp (2) Amen (4.314935 ) Lek neubine, Hee main orclen Deperding on Ak mass dt dk lig B Awd Meng Mkmem, oth m £0 mz + 0,00872V m3~ 0.05 @wedled Hieowery mee Sm, vill MP mit My = 0.049 Busi. Degprerote mene, & OAteVNoe: Tuo main bounds fom Cosmelagy DMB dada (PLaNcle 2048) Limp ocbey 15% CL Q Baryon Aeustic Osdllaton — CPLAnck 2043) J, my 6 0:22e 9s Her j Nevtyinotess _Ouble Bela Deca sles order EW process Coasidec vy en —> ptpt 2e + 2¥, en i Very (ue eon obseard im n —>—1 - og This he is SE st = 195, SO is Soy IO ALE + Wey Tes MOP? yeors P consider De sje Violates, Leplon number b 4 2 units Tin 2001 but aro. demit Ty Dt Now Claimed observation ite = — Ke & J lol a BEE Eet esl 3 ‘ Ngs= DM Ua 1 hage Serpresion Nice Exescise: ee— ww a Calculate. Need voila how such rule docks Like! a Feynrnan