Development of

Indian Ports

By Capt. Prakash B. Joag

Development of
Indian Ports
India having long coat line of about 7500 km & ranks 16 th in the wold
maritime contries. 12 Major and more than 200 non major ports.
1947 After Independence left with 5 major ports
BOM 1875, KOL 1893, MAD 1916, COK 1930, VTZ 1933.

Karachi went to Pak Hence need was felt to have one more port on
WCI.

Kasturbhai Lalbhai Comm. Appointed. Recommended Malpe or Kandla.

Kandla operational in 1955 as 6 th major port gateway to North India.
Even shipments from Assam were cheaper via meter guage than KOL.
Goa added in 1963 after liberation from Portuguse rule.

Development of
Indian Ports

1966 Paradip in Orissa

1974 Mangalore and Tuticorin. Mangalore took long time to
develop.
1989 NS developed as high tech port and then Ennore port.
Now has 12 Major ports.
Major ports : Declared by GOI which has 9 m draft, all
weather, modern berths,road / rail connectivity, etc.
Indian ports act 1908 and major ports act 1963.
GOI empowered to appoint Chairman and Board Of Trustee
19 /17 members.
Trustees are from industry DL, INSA, Customs, State Govt,
Navy, CG, MOS, Railways etc.

OBJECTIVES

Safe approach, movement, Planning

berthing of vessels.
Pilotage , Depth maintainance, lights, buoys,
Facility to owners, shipper, consignee,
agents, CFA, CHA, PHO, Customs, MMD, DL,
workshops, Immigration,
Jettys, infrastructure maintain, warehouse,
stuffing destuffing,
Equipments cranes, fork lifts, trailers, tugs ,
launches,
Pollution Control, safety of equiment,
Regulations reg services, tariff, charges,
Receiption facilities,

Non major ports

Intermediate and
Minor Ports

Port technical comm. Categorises intermediate ports as

1,00,000 MT > Cargo handling Capacity < 1500 MT or
other importance of PAX services or Naval importance etc.
Work can be also done at Anchorage by lighterage ops.
All other ports are MINOR under control of State Govt
Maritime boards like GMB or MMB
Now we have 23 Intermediate ports and about 145 Minor
ports.
Guj has 50 and Maha has 48 ports.
Development of Minor pors is planned by State but Center
also takes interest.
Now ports are also given for development to PVT parties
under various arrangements. ADANI, JINDAL, Reliance,
Chougule etc.

Scenario & privatisation

Major ports handle more than 600 million ton cargo. Kandla biggest
handler by Volume. JNPT handles 45% of the container trade of INDIA.
Ports growth planned by GOI in 5 yrly plans. Current being 12 th plan.
Targeting to increase capacity to 2493 m t.
FDI in 2000 to 2014 was $ 1635 m.
GOI gives incentives such as 100 % FDI allowed, 10 yrs tax holiday,
infrastructure etc.
23 pvt projects awarded in 13-14.
Plans to increase major port capacity to 3130 M-t by 2020. more than
Rs. 17000 crores sanctioned for major ports.

Recent developments

Adani Ennore Port. Invest 1270 Crores for container terminal. Ennore port will
spend around 200 crores on deepening port channel and rail.
Rs. 5100 crores Vizhingam port being awarded to pvt bidder.
Ennore / Chennai / FORD has signed car export contract for 10 years.
Mundra port Flagship port of ADANI ( SEZ ) handled 100 m t in 13 -14 .
DP World will construct 330 m extn at JNPT.
PSA will make 2000 m long 4th TEU terminal at JNPT.
Adani port s have purchased all the shares of L&T and Tata at Dhamra port. May
2014.
Public, private, partnership ( PPP ) , DBFOT ( develop, build, finance, operate and
transfer )
JNPT & Gate way terminals signed agreement to develop stand alone TEU terminal
to handle )8. M TEUs.
New port commissioned by GPPL /GMB and Seaking
MMB awarded to P&O to develop Vadhavan port.
Krisna pattanam port developed by pvt party in AP.

CONSTRAINTS
Delays and Hassles in clearances
Long procedures
Projects routed through Public Investment Board (PIB), Expenditure
Finance Comm. ( EFC) Planning Panel, despite having powers to
Chairman of Major Ports.
Problems of Trade Unions
GOI yet to accord CORE sector status to Shipping.
Ports are required to make in SHIP SHAPE.
Policy package for investment , improve efficiency etc.

MMD
Offices

LEGEND:

MMD Main Offices

Kolkata
Chennai
Kandla
Kochi
Mumbai
MMD Sub Offices
Haldia
Paradip
Vishakhapatnam
Tuticorin
Managlore
Goa
Jamnagar
Delhi

Indian Ports

MANY Thanks