Zor JOX Fre lund Math 1060 Part I: The motion of a mass attached to a spring is modeled by the equation x(0) = 2sin(wt) + xp cos(wt), Where x(t) is the position of the mass at time t, xo is the initial position of the mass, and vp is. the initial velocity of the mass. The constant w depends on the stiffness of the spring and the mass of the object. (2) If xo = 3. em, vp = 4 cm/s, and w = 2st, then x(t) = 2sin(2t) + 3 cos(2t). (2) The graphs of the functions f(t) = 2 sin(2t), in blue, and g(t) = 3 cos(2t), in green, appear below: ~(4) Because the graph in part (3) has maximum and minimum values of approximately 3.61 and —3.61, respectively, the amplitude of the wave is 3.61. Because the distance along the t-axis between successive peaks and troughs of the wave is 3.15, the period of the function is 3.15. Finally, because the first peak has t-coordinate 0.29, the phase shift must be 0.29. Therefore, if we were to rewrite the function given by x(t) = 2 sin(2t) + 3 cos(2t) in the form x(t) = Acos[B(t — C)], we would have x(t) = 3.61 cos[1.99(t — 0.29)]. B ~ 1.99 because the period P satisfies the relationship P = ==. (5) The graphs in part (2), when added together, form the graph in part (3). The amplitude of the graph in part (3) is not the sum of the amplitudes of the graphs in part (2) because the two graphs are not in phase with one another. However, since the period of each of the two graphs in part (2) is 7, it makes sense that the sum of these graphs should also have a period of zz. Part Il: 6) Acos(wt — ¢) = Alcos(wt) cos g + sin(wt) sin g] = Asing sin(wt) + Acos¢ cos(wt) Part Ill: (7) Starting with the function x(t) = 2 sin(2t) + 3 cos(2t), our goal is to write this function in the form x(t) = A cos[wt — g]. Using the identity in part (6), we see that Asing =2 Acos =3 2 2 metaomerQ) Also, A= sint + Azcos*g = (2? +3? = VIB. Thus x(t) = 2sin(2t) + 3 cos(2t) = VI3 cos fee =tan? Ql = Vi3cos iz G = jean? ) (8) Comparing this last equation to the equation we got in part (4), we see that A = v3 ~ 3.61, B = 1.99 is close to B = 2, and C ~ 0.29. This is exactly what we expect.