71 Jestha

-
-

+
,

,
. , , , ,
Ext. ()
), (
!)
!), ("#%)
"#%)
&'() , .

.#. .
Email: info@supremecourt.gov.np, Web: www.supremecourt.gov.np
, [3 8O 2628

6/' =S''=/ / 63 67, #\Y9 58
]'^
30+3 / 5";89S ;,

;, #\Y9 58
' 09#
: / 01 2345

!6 '738 6793:;<
6BD !6 '738 6793:;<
! 2=>8 / ?36 4@ 5
6BD 2=>8 / /8 S'4
! 2=>8 / 3+ 185
B3T+3 / S L
.
.B./ >D1;B3 BEF
B 6 L
22'3 1B1TS@
3 / 6=B
1TS@3
.
.B./ 3#8/ !G
22'3 ; U3 / 8B5/3'D 6;+7
.
.B./ 6>8 "##67
#67
22'3 ' / 3 S6B2 19'7
2.
2../ B# J
22'3 ' / ' !3

!3 5
K'BJ3 3 J3 / +B

7 B#:
22'3 26W/ / 2675 1'5J:
'75' ;'/ / >D1;B3 L
;' 2@+T3 / 3 19'7
M"#N : / /6O 0P263

"#% !6 '738 6793:;<
2@.
2@./ 31;B3 !/
'75' ;'/ / "#B3 J
1B#TS@
3 / '63'D @5
#TS@3
1B#TS@
3 / 6/3 #X5
#TS@3
J ' / 2X 5
0+J3 / 265B63: 526
' / #1;B3 2J45
1B#TS@
3 / Y'B8 B#:
#TS@3
'75' ;'/ / 628 94=3:
08 Z' :
28
5 a 2 bc3D B7 7

2B3 B7 d
, ... ... ... ...
-5_
2.. ...
>L ...
-6";_
b;3DO7 M , +,, 2.., >L
#\Y9 58 1B5

5" J bc3D B7 7
2B3 B7 d
1B5"J ... ... ... # , >L ...
-5_
-6";_
b;3DO7
b;3DO7 M 1B5"J, , +, , >L
5 a 2 8O #\Y9 58 1B5"J

1 ; #TJ6 b5i=
j
,
www.supremecourt.gov.np
' #TJ !52

8O k' 85
1'8
F 8 7
5 a 2
#\Y9 58 1B5"J6 0(5
B;
7 j f
5 #l! 0! '/ 26 6"#m 2D7';<

n 3 ;5 2MBU @b5@ 7 "
5
a
o'
#TJ6
"#=68
;56 p;< 5:6, 8/6]' #J p

q+/6 s# #J 2'6#5: 5:6 8O #J
B % p,
2'6#5: q+/6 B# 3 5 6B5
S'' "#2/ 3 "#2t p28;2 8#+;< 2MBU
n 3 @b5@ 7 "
6aU' <.
<.f
f
6B
M #\Y9
58
!, 36;O, ,6@g f

.
.
.//
. ./
./
/
.

/

1 2- 1 3 &

&5&
*
9:

$&
2-
&78
*; ; '"<
=>> 9: 2- 1?

:;&
& -;7#@< A ? $*BC>< D ( EF&
D>' G ';D"2 =. ; H *;
I'H 6 1 'H

1.
!
"
#$
&' (
*; ; <", = &
->
& *
+,&./
0- +,&-
1
L - & *;>< 6 1

DMNO
NOH P<, *1.
1QR 2- &- 1
B ;" * 6 -S*. =D&
1 (T' H ;- UM ;2< 6
1 (T'
(T'
H -, 9Q,
L /D * B

*;><
1&
&"'1-
1QR*.UW
"
;
*;
QH
1UW &- #O;N- 1

3&A 1 && = &--
D3
' NX3
=Q&
*1
1Y & *; ; > > -&A

&"' B ;" * 6
129
3#W N( ' B a O

3&A
BbG-
9-
# ;'"<
./
9B,
= ;>: 9B
Q
B "
BG
(Ng
(Ng B 9 a (HN
2-,
2-,
-&,
-&,
= ;D&-
& " B a =:UW ; H

Q? Nh- BC *; 6
';.B
#$
9Yd
9:& (Ng 9 $-
]&=N^-
=N^-
"
2.
*
9c
., " -,
-, Nf&1&-
;&

Q
W_,
W_
H:

: 'O
&,
=:
G&,`&-

(
B a
^
9c
-"i
B1
:D

:D
*
D
143

=>
&
: '
( Q- &>-*.

XU ;2 P<C-
# 6
UH

D?
Y
?
? ;g b'?
#f&n
b'? ?
?

3.
l
"
#$
&& B?<

<&
<& CW '
&;& &*-
' B1 ' 9c No?
./
.& D>' 9Y& 2
,

#;g * D 9$& p_
m -Q
^
&>&-
;F B " X - - *; 6

; H

iQ
D
9Y& # ;'"< D H

@ H 6 -
&>- ^ ; *;'
iQ
iQ i^ 9c = ;&
ii
157
*; ;'"< DM = H B " *;>< 6

; H H: - s #Gt
@ f& $- = ;.
U' *;'
D3 "*. -: H: & 6
; &;u& YH D? '+, 1

B * *1 &;u *& Q; &
**
D3

; '
B a
B '+, 1 :vW

^

4.
(
#$
&' (
o
(1
='-&
&" B D3 $- =Q&

*
'+,
1
-I
-I
YH#
./
; ' B " :vW1 ^ *; H

I 6
>:,
>:
G&,`&-
1!w
; H && b'3 '+, 1

=1 B - " I D3&
*f& - U&N& H'&
.>- B1 = B a iQ
D3 Q; & H * =Q&
; ' B :vW = "
= "
B ;"
_-,
>_-
3&A
_- *; I 6
xy
5.
(
#$
&' (
(&./
: &> -Q
&N>Cn
"&-
i ->-?

->-? Nz<*'f& &>- b' a
b' a D3 $-
#{B
#{B #$' ( B-:, U
iQ , #Dg *- "
m 9b' ;? B
$-
i?
>
B "
0 &" B1 9
iii
1\|
> B " _- U #

I 6
;-"> 'Q" ( > &

B a)
} ,
xy!l
&
#N7NX-
=:( iQ "

m & BC3 ' NX3
NX3
NX
$ "> UW #{B*.
#$'*.&
*1
$&
>
:,
m
&'+,*.
B'"
- - i*C

i*C bG ?
9# ;
'' No 3

>

;
&Y"-A
= H: -

~N$
s&
U*
(
=>
B1
* "
B
; H
&7 &- ' NX 6

"

'
:
iNg fNO ( B

' NX3&
x
6.
(
#$
&' (
&;;>' =:1
./
: &> -Q
&N>Cn
"&-

-"-
>
$- iNg# F } ,

xy 'Y y #'Y (|)
U&N&
*1
=N^-
B "
';.B
B
= ;>:
9B& X G# I B1

-"- > (" h )
&1
&
y(x)
&
iQ D3UW &1 #g

:
iv

-"-
>
2yw
=:&Q
; H
U>'
B3
@ UN]3 D BC3
' NX'
$-
=CI
'
9:&
='- 9c X EF U ?

=- &f
&f'1 D? *- B1

U'
B ;"
: f&-
*; 6
xx
7.
"
=(
X- U' &;u*.&- =N>-& D3

U
' U*';
=Q&
*
*

93

='- => =N(& U>, 2
./
D =>Q i^ =Q" B " &7
U*';
@'H
=Q ' NX
NX'H
210
6 =( - ;&
iNg HB" =: *; 6

&
=:- & 1 "&
;N- * X- * 6 -
*

X- D iNg Q& *
X- * 6 iNg 9c (
=>-B"- ; H &;u &&
x|
8.
;
g
o-a
;
:' ;
./
DB-
;,H &-
>'D"& = fNO 9c

&$
*->-
B a
fU>:&
9c & =. H? - :

.& ;g BC X- H =: &
X-
*

X- . - 9:&

iNg
Q&
*
X-
* 6 -, iNg Q& * D3

- X-& 1 <
'-X-
D?
=N^-
@
=:1 &N-&- BC *;'
218
&
& X- 1
=:-
X- H *; 6
=:- & o-a B DM

Q&EF&
1
&;ufU>: } = ;
D a
D3 '1 D? &;u

7 ; a DM ;& ' *; 6
=
= v- D? ,- *; ;B

=Q&
xw
9.
;
g
U*;*
U'
&
=D&

' & B1 B ;U

" W
./
./
] , Q " *; >< 6

-Q",
B- DM
=> &
v-
*;

&*? # *; - * H
B& N&C
234
* D? = &- D3

D3 DM
U -
-m 1 #? Q DM

F & =D& ' G*
B1 B " &7 6
'-
=
&&
B'"
$

=_
W
-$1
=Q& *
* - & B "
x
10.
;
g
;W W =_D_

I ; 3#W W * D #-A

$ =_ * -H & B "
./
I ; = W * 6 ; H =_
;>;&
;W WUW D@NP3 Y;I&
Q&-
#-A ; H ;: D? $

=_ N D? ; H & B " I
D3&
&
Uf&
D3
&M
>< 6 - #-A *

-H $ =_ & B " & *;><
vi
242
&
BC*
=Q&
<
Uf&
D
$-
=Q"
B "
&7 6
*
=Y&UW UM , -
B; ~: D3 B; ~:
( >) } , xy|| 'Y |()

X+,
(!)
=Y&
-Q
-$, & &&? - BC ; H 'Q"? B;

@
~: CDD &W ' NX'
x!
11.
;
g
B; ~:
*
& &""
( >) } ,
xy|| 'Y |() CD-
./
B B; ~:D a DM F 248

*; 9# 6

XH *
B; ~:
B; ~: ( >) } , xy||

'Y |() X+, (!) & D3
iQ? - a B1

N(-
B
&
"* " D 'Y x|

x|
&
D3 iQ = ; ~: } ,
xy| U&N& *1
*1
B " &7 6
x\
;
g
12.
=( U>,
B? =(
?
?
<;

&( ;1
./
&- B - ;1
&-
B;Gt
Gt # * ( B, X
#
*?
&
=Q"&
* "
&7'H 6 $& 3 B

=" # NQ@ H 6 '1*. - &*>$@
*;'
#@ DM ' B & '1 '
;2 ;UW '1*. - B;Gt&
vii
260
(<
*
U
I 6
U&N& B1
@
*?
-
=
"
UUW 9c * (< X ;

D
'-
fNO
W
B1
f" fNO NXb'3 =Q&

- fNO * < -
UH U # iNg& a 6

B-" ;: B & *; ,A #/ B " B * A 6
f'
viii
, (
...2 (
2
2 ( ;
>> :
-NF-
F J/
>/FM : F F P >>
S ( , W
F F P, X >>
( S[ ]
F F P >>
S
(, W
(_ > > b
Fcd
FM/> : c2 _ e, >d(
> . F F
P > >
_M l> b

,
129

,

, ,

( .)

,

( .)
", ,
( .)

,

,
,
,

,

( .)
"/45 9 : 4< =>

"A< G,
" "A<
"
45/" 9 : 4< =>
"AP Q"9 G, =
S "AP
GG QZ, Z [,
=, ,
9 9 "Z
_ P G
9 : 4< G"A 4G
S :
= .1069
Sf :
4 4 i "" 9Z
4"Z,

, ()()
""
45P 9 9
" ""
"
"99 5
s i5t u

45 i "9 ""< ""
4Q .

"P y " Z5
G99 ""
"9 z Z
4{ " " "
Z "" " 4{ "
" " Z5 "
" " 4
G=} ""
"9 G ~
" i "" =9
4"
G99 = "
130
. :
116 - $ s H. $ s
## $$ ( *$
$$
$#
$# ; @
## $ C D $$
$ $
G HI K L
R $
$ V $
X H$X $
$ R Z $[ ##
*
$ $
a $$ $ HbH
Hb $ DI c C
R d $$ $#
Hf $
$L h i
HI R $# $$
$# $ Hb, DI d,
DI j @k
$j $ $G C $
$$ C # @
$D G#
$$m G # $$
n H H R
$$ #D H$D,
Gp k H$ () s ()
$# $$ $
Hb C, $ $ DI
## c # H $$
$G C t $
# C
tL Hb DI c
j $#
$$ $G d $$
j $# X $
$j $ @k
# @ # $I, @L
d # H$D Gp k
H$ () $# $$ C
t $$ $L
x DI d D DI
H j DI
$$ $ DI $
# C $ , $
#
DI $ ## $$
H$ DI $$ X
DI C $G # $a
y $G $$
z $ XC
DI ## $$
H$ Hb DI c # {L
# $ DI $
$
#
DI C $G
$# y@ x f
D # DI d
C, DI C, ## t
C $D $$
G X $ DI|
D DI Hb C
# # $
HI K L
DI| V #
j y G $# $$
$$ $
DI| $$
# # HI
C DI| D
R
131
", ,
./ 477 ",
"9 ;< @
"7 4C ;,
()()() ()()
;.
"7 M4 O ;<
. "9 " ./
./ S7
. "" 477
;" . 477 "
C M4 "9
. . \ 7, ;/
; ; ` ;< .
" d
;< . "
d 4 " " " ./
g @ . ; ; ` h
""
;/9 M4 M7
. "7 4C ;,
() k
l . ""

7 " C
477 ;M " o Mp
"o " "C . "o
\ ;/9
. . q r
"
, "
; . @
, s ""
M \" "
;/9 . . "
" " "
7 " 4C
M4 " ;/9
\ 7 q ""

;<
.
"9
"
;< . "
O ""l "7 7
;< " ./
S7 q M4 ;
o ./ 4 @ 477 ;/
" C ""
"
o ./ ;< ;/
g O ./
;< g 7 ; ; ` ""
7.M4 ;"., "
() ; . g
q O
"9 " ./

S7 ro9
" 4 w M "9
" O ./
;< @ . "7M4
7 ,7 ;/ ; ;
` "" , d 7
4C . C\
;/9 \ q
""
;
;
`l
..
;< C O
"7k ./ ",
" ;"q 9
" ./ " 7 r
"" 7 .
132
116 - 2 ] B. 2 ]

2 8 2
8 =@ A
B B BG@
@ 2 LM
2M 22 Q
B B B S
22 , UL B2L,
YZ \ B2 ] ()
a 22
2f
L B B S B
L 2 @
h 2U U B B S 22 ,
2U 22
2U 8
@ ,
()() U2
YL UL BU Q
p Z
p pQ 2 U
B r 2
BL
U pQ Y Z
2 2
2 8 @
, ()
2 L
U 2@
2
Y 2 L Q
a 8 @
U B 2
B B S UL
B2L, YZ \
B2 ] ()
L L
f Q B u 22
2U U v 8
@ BG .

2 2
2 2 2 LM
22 2U LM z
f 2 S
{ B B S 2U
22 | BG LM z U
u 22 2Y L
u 22 |
BG LM z f 2U Y
BG LM z 2 2
LM}@ LM |
BU 2 Y
2 L Q a
B B S 2. 8 U, .
u 22, . u 22
M . UL 2, .
@
2U 22 U h
2
B B S 22
.. U
a @ Yh
L | 22p LMA
2U U 2 BG
.
2 2 LM 22
Q h 2U U
r U f 22
S
BG 2 LM z U 2U
133
", ,
"" "4 9
;< >? @
C D ""
"? "?

>S UV >S
;< X Y ; U?
; "? [ ^
4 >S ;< X
Y >< C "?
" ;< b?
"c d "
V?? "" f
V?? " Uh ? ,?
>< > > C ""
l ?
; ? m n
""

>
>
C
""
>S .
" l
>S .
" l V " " "
;< "" l
c V ; ;
V ""
>S ">
; t > > C
?; >";, 4u h
>" v () y
n y
>S X ? > > C "?
"" C D "" "4
> 4
" 4 z >c{ > >

C "" ><
4 . [ "
"? "" V?? "
U ;< V?? X ?
m X
" > > C "" ^
>S ;< X ? >
; 4 " ; ;
9
""
9 4 " "@
"{V>; V ,
() v ()
; > > C,
"" l ? ?
? "
> > C ""
?; >";,
4u h >" () v ()
, "? "" "
>S Y, " " ;<
V?? X ? > ""
"4 Y m n 4 V
>S .
" " ;< "U
V, > 9 >"
v () V?? @"
" >S UV U?
; "? "" "4 X
? "
"49 " 4 >c{ >
> C "" , l ?
4 .
[ > 4 "
"" [
134
116 - - R . |- R
$ &) , & -),

( 7 ) >? @
- () AB E > -
K ) A
- $ -- &)
-), >? @
- R ()
T > .
-\K) > -
) ^ ) -& K ,
() R ()
- & -
> d -
& h --

-
)
d
- - $, K)
& & l >m
-T K -T
B p
K s-p
u $ T -& &w
-^ x -& &
B p K
-^ - )d
-- wK
)d y & T u -&
-- ->
z -- -&
$ -- &)
-), >? @
R () x - )
-& ^
) T
--
&
> h A
& $ --
& >m -T -
-T - )
&
A -
d |- R &
l >m -Tp }-&
K, > w
-Tp KK }),
) ~, >,
& &

-)
- -
> p\ $ -- ,
B & > -
> - K-&
$ - )d
-) & u
- ) >& )
)d )d --
& ^ -
)d )d y
)d ^ ) )d y
& Ks
$ - )d
B p K
& -
B p K
, () - ^
d-

&, T
- dp >
) ^ ) --
& h A
& )

135
", ,

4
8:
>
A
B 4 8I
B"J 8B >
A B ,
() 8T
4 VW Y [ "
\B " > A
B "
8 8 cI
d" T: ":
c 8 J "4 4
"g \ i W j
4

k 8I jA
4 A
4
"8 \4 ""
l T 4 J
" ,
" 4
"
, W \B "4 ig

2. "44
8 4 8
8 c "" , "4 ""I
"" 8t .

" > "
> B " k "4I
"4 g " "
T: x4 ""
B44 "" 8 " T
B44 : y
\ " 4 "4Y
B44 " g T 8: c
""
" Y B44 "" 8
W : " z
8 8 c, "" , "4 ""
""
k A 8t
T: | g T Y
" 8 8 c
"" I 8t .
""
8t T: |
g T c "4 ""I ""

8:A \4
T "4 V I
T ""

" Y B44
8\ " J \~
"J " "Y T "J
i 8:A
T T W > "
B
3. 8 8 c ""
4T 8"T,
Y[ ~ 8" ()
"4 "" "
8t g, " " T:
B44 | 4 8 ""
"Y g W j
B > A B
"" "4
8t .
T: | T T: T: k 84
i " j "g i T
136
116 - t I. t

?@BD ?@ H
I L M I
I R
U
4. I
IZ .
\ IZ .
\ U
?@ bcD
U bc
Ib I@ I I
R
? ?
g

U
5. H
i i
IDj I I R I@
i .
m n o jUI?
U ,
() t ()
? I@ I I R,
o

U
6. I I R, v
IZ .
H v
w ? ?@ x
bcD
U i
H ?@
M
\ D U @
? bU b
U
xD I
bU I IZDv
U
7. \ D U
I IZDv
i ?@
w I D
?@ | x M ?
~ ? x Alphabet
w | x o
I ?@ x
x , x
? H ?
? I ?
w , m I
?@ bL x m
?
Mg ? U iow
, x ?
?@ w
Marking Scheme Answer
Outlining ow o
ID IZD ~
U
8. m ? g x
?@ ID
H x I
? ?@
? b o
? b
137
", ,
+- 0 30 +-79
"< + 9 30 + @
C I +
9 @N9O P Q
I 3
3 V + 3 C
Q + 3 W
Z + 3
I \
. , , ,
d 0 3 +
0W d + 3 e I C
\ . , ,
, ,
d
9. " 3 "
i 3 +- + W Q
i 3
C I \
. , , , ,
d " 3 @
W Q , " \
. + 3 0W
I + W , \
. + 3 3 l
l W Q ,
\ . 3
" m
3 @ @
\ " "
" +- ""
@ " d +- "

10. r 9 I
@N9
"s
" "9
vW9w V W v y
\ C9 @ @ \O
" +- " V W v
y \ C9 z "
0 0
V W v y \ C9
"0 \ .
+ C \ C9
"0 \ . C
\ C 30
@ @ \ "
I \ C9 +-
@ W P 30
" " I

11. @ @ \ "
" +- 30 \
C v W9 r 9
I v W
0 "
\ C9 30 "
\ " "
" 9 " +-
I, V, "- ""
@ @ \
} "P
"" 0+ "+,
QV @" ()
@ @ \ @
+ s "0 0 @ @ \,
"" "0 "" r 9
I ""
"0 ""
I r 9
I P "0
" " 3
138
116 - D r. D
" % ) ,
% 1 ,
() ()
)D " D
D N %
), D Q,
, D
W " D)
1
12. D D
" a D% D c
D)d D f
) " 1 )D Da
g d h
g ia )D
) Dc
jD k ) D
l D g
D m
g " n)
D g
Q d co
g ) 11
g D c
dr h1
srW 1 )g %
t D 1
), D ru
1 v rN w, D
% m g
) n x
r v g x D
, ru {
1 m% )r
N
)
DD

1 1 ) )

13. , % 1
, .
h w )1),
)D ia
) dv h D
w D
k1 D D
v i
d
DD %
k1 ), D
)D ()
() )D
h ) r)
v d w
d dv D )
r D
1
14. , % 1
r r , DD
D D D
D N
DD k1 r
c % D D
D DD
r r c
D N
rD% w
r r r r
a D) ) r r
, DD D) DD Dh
139
", ,
+ / 5 8
= " @ 8
15. 5 J
M
5 =
"+ P R
S +" "P
" / 5 8
X / 5
8 ,
" 8 R 8
" = P ^/ +
"= +
/ 5 8 ()
= + +"
â ?, () d +
" ?, () d
+ R dX , ?, ()
+ R dX
? () + R
S 8 " ?
+ i 8 d +
"+
" j
R S

16. "l / 5
8 R S
m + R S
n8 "P "
m P "+
P " S X /
5 8 m "i
"+ m "++ J,
8q
+ i 8 q J
+ " S a "+ +
/ 5 8
q q s ""
" q q s ""
"+ "5 v "
P / 5
8 w @ " ""
J @ "
+ "+ + " "
a
P / 5 8
"+ +

" "x q
17. q q q
sw .. =
"+d Pxw "+ + "
" " "
" " Px "
+ ^ "" +
P / 5
8 8 ""
=
^ R S "
"" "+
q q s, "" "+ ""
@ "i qP X "=

18. / 5 8
a "i q q s
"" , "+ "" ""
q~ . ,
" q~ .
" q~ Px P
Px Px = q+
@ " "" "Rq
P "+ "" j a
"+ ""q 8
19. q q s ""
140
116 - e 2. e

, / 2 / 9
/ = 2E
. 2E
.
2E KL M K KLP
2/ Q R U Q /
W 2 2 9
/ \ =
/ 2E .
2E .
KL M

W
20. 2 2 9 ,
/K 2K,
=c d 2 e ()
/
2E U,
KL W// M / 2
= U i R
W W U
k l W
W K 2
/ 2i i
// K i i
\ n n , K
W o /pW
K p Q, o
p Q, 2 Q p c, 2
p Q
o , o c
K Q o / p
Q 9 r 2 k l
W n 2 Q
i nl e
/ 2 2 9
= K K s M
KL KL
=Q KL i M ,
, W d2
2 L
K s s
L k
21. K 2 2 9

KL r/
o KL /
i rW k l W
L K K W
nl 2y
2 2 9 z /
/ 2 2 9 /
2 2 9 ,
/K 2K, =c d
2 () KL
W// M U 2E
rW r/ K /
= M /
2 2
9 \ 2E
M U K
/ /
2/

22. 2 rW =
= 2l} 2 2
9 , k /
= . s
2 2 9 /K /
141
", ,
"., 13 5 "
() 9 "A ""
" EF I,
" " .L MAA N
A E "" "1 I S
U "A "" MAA
" Y
AZ EF,
.L MAA N A "1 A
M U ". 9_
` E E cd EF .
EF
" .L N . .L EA
k EL A " Em
"
"
A I 1 "
.
A ""
M
23. U 1 " r
E E c, A.
A "., 13 5
" () 9_ ` 1 "
. 9 " E E
c "" , A. E".,
13 5 E"
t () " M
E " E E c ""
" " .L ""
u _ v M
Y M w
"A A E E c,
"" "A "" ""
"A "1 E
E c x ""
"A EF .
EF " .L
N . .Lzv .L EA
k U "
u E u
M
24. . E E c ""
A. E"., 13 5
E" t () k
"" . E E c "A
"" k "1 EF
.
EF " .L N I
E E c x "" ""
A I
"A

25. 1 " 1
Ev E E c ""
EL r E
1 .
"ME. .
w
E E c
"" EF .
" _ EF .
" _
M " ""
EF " .L N I .
ELv "A YM
YA . r d
" .L mA "v
MAA " Y5 A ,A
ELv
. . w
""
A "
142
11 - 0 0. r p N , s, L
$ . 02
47 8 < $ 7
B C E C 77
7 C <
0pq
02 : r p N ,
s, L
K L
...N. B
N.B E
7 W
7 : $
&

,

( .)
\] , B
N
N ` a
N b
77 :
-WF-
0 : k
7 : `, C .0..,
. m
N $n , L
7 7 B 0
143
", ,

, ,

, ,

( .)

,

,

( .)

,

( .)
144

( .)

( .)

,
.()

.
. . , , , , , ,

11 - - -. Y Z @ , , z

( .)
# * M -/ 01 #4/
9 <
-> * M -/ @#4
- # , -/ #4
#I
K M
KL M
*I -#,
-# .(), . @*
#.. , , , , ,
, -# .
Y Z @
,

@0
-, ()
@* 4
@Z b
c de #I,
# ()() >
# i>j k
:
#o -
-> k @ 0r ##
I
0 0u ##
-w #
. :
# -x . //,
# #, z #
I> 0u ##

4 * ##
I ##
# # -# z
#4 I
I ##
0r @ I
*
#4 I
I ## -x .
// 01
, z #
I> ##
* ##
I ## 01

#4 I
I # -x . //
01 # , z -#
# I>
*
I ##
#4 I
##
9
* *
Z I () *
, Z
, Y
Z @ #
# 0u
Y / //
.., ##
, -
#* *@ ->
145
", ,
- 3 7
""; < ;? B
7 CE K M
B 7 CN MO
P? "
" " ""
S 7 U
W, " < ;"
[ O 7M
""
" ", C_ " , C_
3
; , O c
O C
"K i U M - 7
, ()
"p < [ "M

; r"
" " ;s
W O C "M
" ; O? tM
" "3
, "3 u
"p <, "K U p
" ;? - 3 7
"p p
" ;? B 7
CN CN ;"
CN P?
CM
" " CN S
;" CM M y
B 7 CE ,
K z
- 3 7
, ; M"
zK - 3
{ ;M ; .
() "3
M" zK"
i . M
C , K M3
i .
() "
" <p < M
.. ""
;?P B 7
CN
; M;" ;?
; 7 O ;?P
- 3 7
3 "M
"p ;? B 7
CN O
3 7C ;,
, (), (),
i "
K "M, "p O
O c
() "

""
"3
O ""
C "K
i U M [ - 3
7 "" "M
- "M ""
.. - / //
"p
146
11 - ! !. j D - , S,
!$ ( -
/1 6 7
A D A
6 >
A A F
A >
! J K 6 6
P - S TU
!$D -/ 6
6 V W >
>
! 6 Z
6 A Z
[ >> U
F> U- >>
!$D 7 A
->J A F >
> > > A
-/ U-
(
-
>D
/c , -A
!> >J V >
>
>>! > !>
> D V !$
j D - >A
A >>

>>! -
> ! - >D
A $> n!o A >D
>J >
J
/ > - S U
j D - >>
( -
/1 >D U
A
A- A , >D
!$D
-/ 6 /F
V >>

>>
> >, /r >
, /r
D ! , 6 v
6 >>
/ >J 7 P A
j D - ,
() /1
>Z F, /1 !>,
>.. , , , , ,
>A >A /
- $ T
v 6 A A U-
W - $ T >A
A j D - ,
>Z F
/c A A6
A -6 T 6
A6 !>, W
A >Z F V >A
A- > >>

-/ !,
6 U-
- 6 P , >Z F,
/ 6
A W , j D
- ,
, , 7
>6, > ()
147
", ,
*1 56 5
8 "5
() H
N * O P Q S
Q ""
"5 56 HY P6 P
"] " S *^
*^6 H H
a c Q P
e * f 1
6 "
f
1
6
"" g
"1
O"
""
6Q "
O
f 1 6
H" 6 5P
lS 5P
1.,, P
* , H" r P
s 6 5P ""
* 5P ""
H"
8 t5 f 1
6 l
Qv HS
" HP
Q " P e *
w 6 Qx "

5 5P "
5P N
5P H" *
" O5 5P1
H " Q e
*^ 5 O
P * "
"^
"^ " z
6 e 5{ " z
t] Qx "
5 Qv Q
5P " |
N t Hc

1 *
H Q "l
| Q H

a Q
" f
1 6 ,
~ () () 65
5 1
* " N
*^ "^ "5
" f
1 6 O6 "
"P
6 ()
() " s
6 fP"
s O 1
^ Hs "5l
O6 "5

5 6 N
1 "5 | f
148
11 - c c. P % , ,
% ,
4 :
?
: D ? G
?: : : ?4
%: G ?: ?
G ?: D
O
P
%
Q%
?: :
Q :, ?
[ [ 4 ?\ ]
^, ? _
Ga :[ c?,
P , , , , ,
G : Q% i
P %
?:
:% ?
c[ ^
[ D [ :
P %
ck ?: c Q%
? [ [ 4
Q% i
% ? ?
? c Gn
G :[ ?\
: : o p ?[
i %

?:: qO ?[,
? ()() :
: p i \
% c [ %[
D ? v ?
: : ? ? Q w
:? ? ^ %
% ? c? i
[ ?: ?? [xQ%
[ i\ ?
[Q% ? ?:
? cx
? _ ?:
:
: ?
%
? % [
?^ k c?
i ^ [ k ?^
, D c
:% % ?|%c[
4} ^ [

[ ? c~ c G
i,:%
?|% 4 %
cx P %
cx Ga ?
?? ?\ D
] : k ??
?: . ?:
v ?x
D

Gk ?
: ? ??
?\ c
[ : k cx
% Ga
[ : Q%
: % c
149
", ,
+ -+
9: "+, "
" () D ()
I I M -
P
R
""

"
"" "
Y "
I P\ Y] "R\
_ a
Yc I+ P",
+ M
-I I
I "g , P" Y h
" " M
" , Pj
Mk I l,

I l , I R
-
I n
I o + Pp q r
- I P\
-"R P " unjust
law Pv w + q
r - "w R
-
R
P + -+ I
Ppx y -
Yc I P\ "R
"+ P P"+
Y P"
z + I Y M

, I R
-
I n
I
I Pp
| P"+ z
+ q r -
"w
I ~
Y " y
- Y I+ P",
-I
Yc\
" +p
+p I + "R
Y I+ q
r
-
""
"I
"" Y
"R o | I "w _
"" "w
Pp y,
- Yc + o
\ + M " n
- "" k- + +
""
"I "r Y
"R o | + Yc
P" ".. ,
, , , , "I
"I Y p z
+ I I k- h
- p z "I I q
r - ,
Yc
"w _ "w
k M "

R
g
y
150
11 - A A. P ) % , ,
%)
. 01) 58
0 0 = ? 01
A5 C F
HAI 0
. 5 K C
O, O P )
% ,
Y5
%0 A 1 5
1 [
? \% % 5) .[

. 500 A 0
P ) % Ac
\% C
d % P )
% 55
50 50 0% [ A
h % .i
.., 55
0 h %
.i 01 mY 5
5 5 55
o % p
=, 5 c A5
? 1 %0
55
50 8 50)
0% 0 ? 5 5,
.s 5 , .s
) A
, 1 1
55 .
58 O p 0 .i 01
A51,
5.. , , , , ,
50 50 . 5
% = K 1 0
0 \% C %
Y = P )
% ,
.i 5[ c ?
K %
. \% P )
% ,
5 \% 0
05 C8
0 1
5 \% 5 51Y
C
0 O? .
5 | 5
\% 51 5
K
% O1 1 0 .
| \%
5 51 A5 1
1 1 c[ C
1
o 1
55 1 h)
\% 0, 51
05 c
C %0 ,
50, 1 [,
0 [ [
.1 01 |[
0 [
O O? 5
) .
151
", ,
. + 3 46 93
=", 4 =A
E HJ = 9 =" .
93 "
Q 9 3 3 9
=3
9 3 9 X
Y J 3
=" "J+ ^
"` 9 ="3
3 H
9J 3 cd 9
93
e d Y J
. Y Eg
h i J
,
"o p J
q =J
9 X
E` "3 3
" 9
+d 4 c "
E +3
" " 3 9
3 9
4 c HJ "
"3 9E J H
h i J
A =
J9 , +3 A v "9
, ` = HJ
9 "3 Yw
3 ` 9
J d
3 "9 4 +
y z ^ = "
"9 = 9
" "9 "
^
. { J 46
| 9, { o
i }"i
g J 3 9
{ =
| 46 4 d
{ J 4~ ,
4~ cd
" " A
i EJ9 46 "
"i J J9
93 "` 9 ( )
| 9J "
" " ="
( ) "i 4~
"= 46
3 "J9 46 9
="i, 9
J 9 ="i,
46 "9
9i i
9 " =" d p
J "9
9 " ="
9 4 ="i =
9 ="i,
J 46 ` ="i
+ 9
" d {
=" e {
152
11 - 6 6. \ # , ,

; 6
2 68
68 6 86 A

.
F
;H
68, 68 .
F# O 8#2
RS
U
#H
VF# O 68 .
# VF# O
OZ H O
U A \
# 8Z ] ; ^
8` #; , 68 .
;H #
68 . # VF#
O 68H
H F ;#
H cA ; ;H
V H
U O 8 8;
; d Ue
H ; ;H 8;
F U A
#
. 8 g
] 8; 8 Z
; A 8Ri ;
8 86 #
8#; \
Z 8; 8 2 Z
V 8; `, Z 8; 8
k 8; ` Hl
H 8; ` 8 #8;6
# 8m ^
8m 8 8
; A 8
6 #6 8\ 6 8
6m ` o
^ g
6 q ; ;
8 \, ; 8, FH
Z 2 Z
8 ` l V, 8,
6 8; ` 8
8 d U
; g
6 6\ 8;
6t (need analysis)
8; # 2H
6 H 8; 8
6 6 l U
g ] 8 ;
R v # Ue
; H U ;H
68, 68 .
F# O 68
. U # VF#
O 8 H w#
U;
. ^ 8 e8
8; OZ
6 6 `
H
2 ^ 6 A
2 6 8\ ` 8U
8 2 6 A l
8 z; ; U{ ;H
68, 2 66|
8#; 2
\
153
", ,
- " 5
> A D "
-" H K
N - " O, PA
AR A --T "
A AA PN
A A K W >
- " ] -P
K >W >
P - A H
. a N P
,
>W "
f "
-
P > g , "5 ],
i O >
A "
> "PA ij
A> -" A> "k
lP "5 ] - -
f W" P
- ,
Am " " K >
" A "

A
K P T >
> " aW
q g
l "
P
. a N P

A i O "
D T PA
A K> i O "
A D
s N> P A
i- A
" u v ()
() l " A iz
""
D
"A A
qN u i
P "W
A K "| -
l A iA P ">
" A lP }
A
D "A s5 P, K"
A KD i O
] A N
K i u 5 "

. K > O
" -
]
" l " , K
P- "W
T " "u
Pi -,
K " O
, PA --T A
" A P-
5 " "- "
" f - , Am
" a > P "
W"" - 5
- -
154
11 - = =. j , ,
#% * 13
9 = =
% %E
= % % E
% I J%
M, 9 N O
= % %
T 3U , 9 ,E
T N

. % %
%_ % 9
% %_ % %a
b , % % E % =#
% %J % c =_
% %
9 13 c
d #N
% E =
3h E_
=% E
%O c I %
M
j
I % E
, k % N ,
%E =_ b l E
E, %_
E_ E % 9n
E E
3= 3

9 E *

. I E p %
=%
=
_ 3h 3E
E =
U % c
9 %
%O c %O
E (Self Executed) % ,
9 E % % 3h
=
E O 9
=
E N %O
3
= %
% c %O
E E =t
u (3h E_
=%, ) _
3E _ % %O
{E 9
N n
%# E_ %| = c
%| l O N %O c
%O } =E
9 % ~
3h
%| N c
%% %O |
n =
. c %O
3
E %% 3h
% %%
N n 3h
%
%O E_ =%,
_ O _
_ 3h %E n
9 =% =c

u
155
", ,
* "7 :
< "= CE C "H
"7 I C ,
N : P
"" "U
""
X "Z C\ "U
"Z H ]:
< "
H, CE "U "" "C
UP ]",
]" . C "H
"" P X
"7 H
.
U
"
C
]f g H
: h :
CE UP ]",
]" .() ":* l
U UP
U :P nN:
o U ]" ]"
. :U ".. , , ,
, , , = "U
"U C : n
P
U
U
=
N: o P "Z
X " <
. ]t g H
: ""
"U h :
CE C "H "7
* I U ""

u X "Z ]P
"t]P 7
"Z C "H
"" U
P CE
P * u
P C "H ""
P C\ v
"7 "H
P
U H U U X
]t h : CE
P
7
:
U
I P x P ""
" P X
7 z
:.
:. {
"
" :
156
&
11 - T. , X Z /
, (
/
/ 8 :
/ ;
== :
-WF-
( . )
= : L
= : 8 =, =
.
TUV
TW : , X Z
/, , ]
= ( :
TW ( : Tb /=d
T = , Tb i: =db
j ;,
Tb =d =l
m :
mV :
(l T=l,
T= . p (),
T= . /(

/i
T, ()
/( d
/U u
v =l,
= ()() W
= xWy X
:
X / i{,
=( == ==
= T| .
/ = = ]
= ==
= ==

157
. :
", ,
+// "
?@ () D" EG
?/ / ?+
" E
?@ . S
V ?@ .
V X Y
Y " X S
\ + EG
" " "^ " "E
X "
+
/c d +E S,
()
"
\ + EG
/X S", S"
. " "
i + k Y l
l/ l/
X / \ + "?+
/ m
\ + EG n
" \ ?+ d^ "^
/ m + "^ " "E
E ?@ "E ""
/" "^ " E^
V ?@
?@ Y "^
/ m + Skp
" "E
" X "" X
q S l/
/ \ + "?+
/ \ +
EG " " i Y
Sk S
\ + EG " "
i "^ " , "SX
Sk \ + E@ "/
"" "E X
q S u
v w
\?+ S l l/ X
/ " "^
" "E " S
"^ " E "E
"^ "
x y X "
^ "^ " Skp
X X " +
S z
? " Sk S
+E
X X { "
v d "
"
S X m
X m
c ""
? D" "
/ Skp
" " ? "
" / v

\ + EG
S~ " ?+ S
Y x
D E " , X
v d "

"" "
158
11 - M. , E v F
&
& 78 :&
7 B
B E F
GI &7 M,
M . M ()
WF
F [ M
. WF \
B .. M
[ M8
[ _B [
7,
G
E M : 8 [
b _ G
7 d _ M

E F Gf ,
F&
Gf
M
j
7 &7 M,

7 M 7

Mk M .
j & 7
M
F 8 [
M &
7 7 Mn
F [ 7 [
78 G
d _
E F Gf, &

M . WF
F [
M 7 Wf
78
78
78
W
M8 7 7 B
7 F&&
p f
q &
r 78 7
Wf M
8 [
GI F &
M8 \
[ _B B G
s 7 d _
E F GI &7
t8 .
F M8 b
M
GI &7 M,

M . j &
M 7 7
b M8 , 7
d _ E v
F
G
& M
F &8 b
\w 7 F
7 G
7 d _ F
159
", ,
+ "
5"
+
9;+ ? ;
D 5 H J K5
M + 9
P " "R
H
5T 5 H
" " " " ""
"R
] 5 9
" D 5 +H
J K5 H 5T
5 " " K
"R ; " "
" ""
c "R M ]
] K
9;+
"
+
? ; " f
5T
5 "R
K
5g . / ;H
5 ;P
" " ]T +
K J ;k l
" "R
" "R P
n 9
H 5T 5 "R
] J 5g H
; 5 ] " "
"H H 5T o
Kk, , q
+
; ]
H ;+
+
"HH st "],
" " ()
x () H H
P ? +
5 ] +]
" o +
Kk , 5"
] Kz " M P
{5| 5"

T ] "
n o +
Kk , c "+H
""H 5" l c
"" M 5" 9
; l ~" ]T
"K
5T Kz c "R
5 ]T
]
H] "R
"
H "
5T 9 P
" , 5 "R
5 "R
K "
H 5 "R

; H
+ 5 ] +]
st
"], " "
160
11 - ?. , u t <
() () *
* 5 7 <
?
B
CC

C
CC C
N C
S
?CU V ?W
? CB C N
CN CB C
^ `
U C B CB
C U N*
c ?Wd
? *
?` Ne CB`
g i Nj *U
?C, U
5 <*
* * Cm , *
B
<
*
* ^ U ?W
n
*
?` <CB ? C
?C ?g 7r unjust law
r ^
* s , ^
t r <
Cs g , B

< ? U <U
* ?Wd u
< Nj *
?` CB CU ?
?CU N
?C V U
* N 5 , * B
<
* n
*

. N C u
< Nj C C, w
C ?W ? V
V 7B V C
U N CB U
CB C CN *
U U 5 C n
u < Nj
C C C *U
?C, C . C
() x< C
C.. ? V
U ? CB N
C U 5 C
< m u
N C u <
N{, *U ?CU,
?C . () N
gx< C<^
7 ?C . <*
C C C ? <
Vx< 7 N{
C C ?
CB s U C* r
x< ? U C
U s
5 x< < Cr s <
. u <
N{<* CB C C,
161
", ,
- "4 "
9 : ;< ;
B " C DF
H
L 9
Q F SU LW
;", ;" . ]
""^ "L S "
9 F :
B H W ;"B
" F < : ;
F c S " DF
" " " f
fL fL W
L Q F "DF
L 9 W ;
4 H "
i :
;<c ; B
j C S "
;" . l () S
iDF "Fp l
H ;" . FL
" " " ; F
:DF H W<
;"
L "]
;i q ;
S . WF
; S; " p
f S 4 p
;<c ; "
" S "4D "
W "4 ;
L 9
. Q F SU
"" ;v
. // " " , " S ;v ;

: f fL
fL W L
Q F "DF L
, L 9
] F
L LW ]
: B H 4 ;v
] F SU
LW ;" ;" .
FL "..
; < : ;" .
q W ;v
B Q ";Lq
py ;
fL B "
" < :
L 9
z p ;
. D Q F
"DF B " C
, DF L Q F
SU^ .., ""
DF j i
" ; "D
W D SU
F W ;"B q
L { 4 " jq
SU^ | S Q F
" Lq "
L S H ] S
F W i W
S " "DF
] q
F L "]
162
11 - 1. , m t )
" " ) -
. 12 "6
; @BC
"" 1J
,
.//, "
"
P " @ 1J 1R
1 "
, 1 XR
XR
\] ^ " 1
_ \] ^ "
_ X
"" ; ^
) X \] ^
" 1 @])d
"d "" "@ ""
X
"f g " 21
d
. @B dX 1",
^ \ "d\)
1 ; "
XR "
@ "
1 j \]^
" XR )d
\] X @
g \] 1 ;
k " k
" g 1 )m
1 \] "f
g " " @
" n
"
o ^ ) "
; f k q
1r d ) "
s d
" )
s st n
d - R d )
" u w \
k ^ d^
") X 1
" 1
) sf ;,
1 "d s u
" d

.
1Ry
1
sf^ "f g
1 t ^ )
" X "f z d "^
{ f X " |
@B dX yR
X d
"" "d g
"j )d @B dX yR
. .
" ^ d g
g
"j
@ . WO
) f @ " @
R
" ^ f
m ) @B
dX 1",
C 1"
1 1X - "_
""
f ) )
kX @B dX 1"
163
", ,
*- 3 * *9
C "3
9 I "L "

. " R *S
*" "
" - , "
Y *" 3 *
*9 "3
, "[ * *]
_ 9] "
ab _ I
" d R

*e [ *]
* _ g
" , i *
"l " "l
g R
" m l
C
[ p 9
9 "" " 9 -
.
wx , *
C L y
C r
C
"" :
WO
* : z/
| R C[ 25" : l
38-82 ST EAST ELMHURS, NEW
YORK, NY-11370
[,
g q
R R
(IQBAL HAQUE)
*3Y
*] : C", q
l q
C.
C. r
"
" :
&
164
119 - 2. >%, k
( . )
, ()

( . )

,

,

( . )
% / : 23 %6
:
2< / : >%6 2>
C :
CF :
>H 2,
()
> ,
> , ()
ICCPR ()

>H
2, ()
()
%<>/
H % Z<[ \
: H %
b % c / 2
b f.,,, b
% 2 > / %%
%/
%/ >%, k
l >%,
k > ,
()
l n6 %/ 2fF
o %/
p q b C>
/ b
/ u n 6
n 2v
/ / %w %%
. . .
H
6 b
% l > ,
()
C> / b
o

>,
%
165
. :
", ,
1 7"
=> @
""

7 ,
()
R ST "1 UVW
X "1
Z [ ]
^7 1 ]
1 c S
" ] "
f 1 U ] V.
,,, ] " U
7 1 ""
"1 " U
7 " U
"1 17 "
ST ]
X
ST ]
1 m " ^
" n
1 1 "
"" "
] R

X V

7" ,
p q ST
" 1 ]
1 c S @r ]
s ""

7"
T 7t
U, r ICCPR
>v , ]
f Post Trial Rights V U
1 "
1 "
[ X ] 7"

x ] "
1 1 Ur
7" ]
t 7 ,
() > S
7t U, (),
() ICCPR Article 14(5)
^ 7t
U, ()
7 U ] c{
S "
"
U ] X
| "" ^
R" "
UrV ^ "
" " " " 1
c 7

""
" } ~
7 }
1 tm t
1
"
] " U "
] t ] ]
71U U r 1 1,
166
119 - &. ?*,
&( *
2 *
? B C
* ? G G I
G * ? ,

* G
? 2 **
*2
2 *2
Y [* ?*,
2 &(
* \ [ *
& G 2
2 * b *
&* 2 2
2c &(
&( d * G ec
f * ? 2,
*
, ?
?dh
2
&
d G j
b d &
Y , *I \,
( \l2 b *l
? ,
() [ fo
*2 &Il b
*2 q
r G \? ?
2 G
2 f ?
I * *2
&Il
G * ? ,
o ()
*
2? *u b
* ? , o
f f *
2 * v
? e
w
*x d * G
ec f , ?
?dh 2 2

*
* 2 &
G I. ,,,
? ,
() [ fo *2
&Il b
*2 q r
G \? ? 2
G 2
e f o
f &( *
G
I.
,,, *
& ? 2
G

r G * G
B *c
* &(

* [ 2
2 *x ? .
b G
** b
G ?*, **
*
167
", ,
0 "
> A " D
GH I K",
O > >
"
"
D
Z A
" " > [\
"] _ KA
[, ()
" I] Z K[

" h
i D K ,
" > I
Z k International
Convention on Civil and Political Rights
(ICCPR) () H D
m > " "n
" D
" m " K >
> [ p. ,,,
D D ""
"> ">
K", O r
0 D
"" 0
D K"
KA [,
K ,
[A i \ D
" > > [Z
D A K
> ">
u "
I] r K >
v D "
> G K ,
() I
KA [, ()
(ICCPR) ()
w K
[ A GH I
>
. [Z , KAy,
K KAz >H
> [\ K"]
[K [Z " D "
m D K > ">
"> K ,
K"
> "
w r "
[ D > >
G K ,
() r I]
"> [p} 0
"> ~
v D wK K
> D >
I p
">
D " >,
[Z A " A GH
>
I
.
[\
Ip
>
"[ w> "" D >

A " "w" p
"> r0 :. K , ()
168
119 - $. 3, ]
$(
3 , ?
3
H I
3 J ,
? I
J K , ?
. J, $ OJ $ J
I Q
J $ U. ,,,
I I $ 3
J, ]
J J
3, ]
3, ]
J J K I

3
a
I 3,
]
3b $,
() () $I
e f I
J J $gU
i I I
3 , ()
l 3b $,
() ICCPR ()
o 3
$ I q r
3
.
f
] 3
J
I
Q J $ U.
,,, I I
$ 3 J, ]
J
v J $
3
. 3 J, ]
J
3, ]

a
3 ,
() a lx J
$Uy H J
v { I
o3 J I
J q l

3
{ I o3 J
I
| ,
J J K
. . . H
I 3
3
.

b
3 a
3, ]
}K
~ 3 ,
() o3

J I
169
", ,
1 2
D,
"
F
"" J "F ""N
D Q "F ST
2 U F
1 W
X Y ZQ

N
"
.
" X " D ,
()
:. ()
"F
D " D F2
"F D D
" g h
"F
g jk ""
"F l m ZQ
n2 D "F
h g "F
"" o g"
D"
g

() ()
g ZQ "F
NWq 1
"F J
h 2 rD
D F 2
F
() ()
g ZQ
g g" n
""N rD D F
g1
() g
jk ""
"F l D "
n "F o g"
D" g

Z
.
j
F rD D "
"F l m T o g"
D" F
D n2 F D
" "F J
h 2 rD D
F 1 2 1
"F Z D
. N "
2 " x F
N W. ,,, 2
2 " N D F,
z "" "F
" h 2
"F X

. D{ N,
() " ZQ T

DN " |
} " Z

D n 2 |
rD International Convention on Civil
and Political Rights (ICCPR) ()
n ZQ
170
119 - F. )+,
' )+
1 6
+ ) . (Everyone
Convicted of a Crime shall have the right to his
conviction and sentence being reviewed by the
higher tribunal accoriding to law.) C
)EFG +H J
K G ) ,
ICCPR C U
WXY
E Z )
. J )
U` a
E +)
) , +
C +J
6 J +E
f U`
E 6 J J
Z h iFj )
iFj 6 J J
E +
l K
F + U
, +E n X
n Z +
+J
o 6 J
E K
E +a

J

X F 6 J
J FY U p
)
. 6 J
F U`
E) + )
X U` J
) J s
pC E F E,
l 6 J
J l F
Z + 6 J
f J K E
X 6 J
t E J
` o
6 J J + +E
a +
Y) J Z U
+
+ +E E Fu, )u
u `
o
o
v s
) , ()
s
j U
. + ) E
+E 6 J +E
f ) ,
() 6
J J +E
E
a ), )p
F, () y X
+E
p '
)
. E, l +
) + +E
6, J f
+
171
", ,
*", 2 3
: * ? "@
* , ()
? ""
M P Q
S MU
W? M U
M "
W *
W ? "
. c? W ? "
* " "?
*", 2
? ? S *"
? ? *
S ? * ,
() * *
, () g*
W c W ?,
@ i "
? W k.
,,, S S "
* ? ""
"? " *"
2 ? ? @ S
*" n S

n *", 2
"" p
q r3 "
*",
2 "" ? ?
@ ? S
"? ? WQk
i S ?
. P Q
? "
* ? "?
s S "? t
MU *"
? M g
S * ,
MW u ? g* *
?k i S
WQ *rv,
* *rw ?
"n p S r3
S *"U
?? WQk 3 S
y S "" " S
3
U 2
*. z
*.
"
" : r
172
&
1 - %. / /km 6, A
-WS-
A : 3, /
% AA . %/
A pso f p
/
%gh
%i :
/kl,
/ /km 6,
A
, %
/ 3 5
/ 6 9
/ :/ ?
AA :
-WS- (-FN-, FN, FN-)
% : R/
A
: X
3, X
A . /
6 6 .A.
6 A d . /
f
%gh
%i : /kl, /
/km
6,
A
-WS-
: X
3, X
A
A .
6 o .A. 6
Ad / p
% o
%gh
%i : /kl, /
/km 6, A
-WS-
:
X
3,
A
A . /
6
A. 6 Ad .
f
p
..
%gh
%i : /kl, /
/km 6, A
X
-WS-
A : A 3, /
% AA . 5 A
pso A 5
%gh
%i : /kl, /
/km 6, A
X
-WS-
A : 3, v %
% AA . A
173
", ,
" / 3 7

<>?
<@ : BCE, B
BCI K, "
N
-WS-
"
:
N
R, N
" . B
K K "
/ K .".
K KY>
"C " <\
] " K .
"a b@
"R
<>?
<@ : BCE, B
BCI K, "
N
-WS-
" : R, d <
"" . B
B
<>?
<@ : BCE, B
BCI K, "
N
-WS-
:
N
R, N
"
" . "
@ h
<>?
<@
:
BCE,
B BCI K,
"
-WS-
"
:
N
R, N
" . j
K lm .".
"a 3 C
<>?
BCE,
<@
:
B BCI K,
"
-WS-
"
:
N
R, N
" . B
K K .".
K " a . B
3
<>?
<@
:
BCE,
B BCI K,
"
-WS-
" : R, B
< "" . <B
" / 7
B
<>?
<@ : BCE, B
BCI K, "
N
174
1 - 4. 6 6;= @, C

,
,

(
) ,

,

( . )

WHO Frame
Work Convention on Tobacco
Control (FCTC)

( . )
,
175

,

( . )

( . )
,

, ,

", ,

( . )

%

( . )
" 9 : => ?@ "CE

F I, ,
" "O, R,
,
,
=>
"CE = S,
, " = X,
, 9, O,
] , E ^_
9
=a 9 : => O"C
=
9 : => ?@ "C
? "CE d"
", X f "
i :
9 Ok =m
, @ ,
? .
ip :
"9O 9 ("O " q)
(), ()(),
(), (), ()(), ()()
"9O
9
R, t,
9, _ 9, t
O t
=m q "q ,
"9O 9 ("O " q)
"_, " ()()
(), , (), , ()()
(), , ()(), , (),
()
O? =,
()(), , ()

O?
=, /()
"aO9
9 ? "E {a|
} :-
. :
? "E {a| :
-WS-/-WS-(FN-, FN-, FN-)
" i "
9 _ E =
9 _ "9O 9 ="f O
E k " = 9
_ _ ? _
"|

]
176
1 - ]. 4 4@ 9, (
% (
4 9 :
(
% > @ 4
( B( C

((
(94
9 ((4 ( >) ,
() @ U
V 4 W
[ U
[ B U
@
V 9
[ \ ]C ^
4 % [ ((
(94 9 `,
, c 9, a
a, 9
4 a ]e
> (> , c f
(( @
(94 9 `, 9
a
]c
9 a
g B (
4 C, , , j,
a
m9 4 f (n
C (WHO Framework Convention on
Tobacco Control) 4 (
U
(94 9 ((4
( >) , B4
U ]C ^ 4 c
,
(94 9 `, a, 9
c 9, a
4 a ]e > (> ,
4@ ],
()(), , ,
() ]
() (
c ((
c m w
@ C WHO
Framework Convention on Tobacco Control
4 (94 9 ((4
( >) , y
W ( }
c 4 U >
c ( B c ( B
] [ ]CW
c @
f U (
(94 9 ((4 (
>) , c (
c j 94 9
( (c (>
9 c
9 (
49
V ] C
-WO-383 .
@ ( ] y
] > ]CW -WS @ (
(c, ( ()
V ]
C 9 (V :( (
9 ( 9

% 4 } [
(W ((
177
", ,
-WS-/-WS-/WS-/-WS-
" :>@
" : @ C D G C
K :
O @ R
V "@
C DX " C
" "\ ] C K
: " "
b@
: >@ ]
K " C > C "
: V : b
DX Vf C g :
]h

""
b "@>
">b> >@]h >
C f h "@>
@ , V, "\, ]
k @ >, ">
" k l ""
"@> @ ("> " k)
,
()
"@
X
"" g > u
g b D w

V C ]f , x
y > "@> @
("> " k) ,
() g " C "@>
@ z {, @
, C @
{ >
{ ]} k "k , ""
C
C
"@> @ ("> "
k) , l
@> @
" ~
, x y >
X "k C k
" C "k

"@> @ ("> "
k) , ()()
V "@> @ {
@
V , "@>
@ "] ~ @
"@ V C
() V "@> @ z,
@
, { @ {
]C b
" "@> @ x
" D >
> "@>
@ , R
u C C
@ k D
{ ]}
"@> @ ("> "
k) , ~
D "@> @ z, @
,
{ @ " C
f { \ "
@ , X]
f ,
178
1 - S. # #X *, )
#
)*# * ()#
) 5) , ()
() D )*#
, M *
* I, J, *
J # J
ST 5 )5 ,
WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco
Control (FCTC) # )
#X S,
, ()(), ()
] )) _
S M )c Sd
) M f
Sgc
M X h D )

-WS-
) ).
)*# * )l S M
D 5 ) m ]
S _n M #
M D q X
r *M M

)*# * ()# )
5) , ))

f ()
))
n # c n ]
D () )*#
* _ * )*#
* I, *
, J *
#
J
# J ST
* 5 D X
)*# * ()# )
5) ,
) D
f
)M Sg , w
x # )*# *
*, J
I, J, *
# J ST
5 )5 , ))
M ))
)5

)
]Jy
)
)*# * ()#
) 5) , ()
#
z ) S _
M * ()
* ] #
)*# * ()#
) 5 ) , D
,
)*# * I, J, *
M *, J
# J ST 5 )5 ,
)*# * D D
c
* ) 5 #X
S, ()(), ,
, ()
] _ | M #
S X ) )*#
* Dc D * ]
S )*# * )#]#
S w #
179
", ,
" 5 7
? A
IJL
7 O P A
"
-WS-/-WS-
"L V .".
" Y [
V7L A\
I J V ` "
"[ "V? a V
b IL c L d
A 7 e ?
" "V? V b "h
" " j "V
L Il 7
" V
"V? V ("? "
o) , ""
\
A\L
7 I O
o 7 \
"V? V ("? "
o) ,
"" ` ? L
` w A O
() "V? V O
V a "V V
" 7 x a
"V b " "h V
OV
L d 7
`
V"
d "
J b 7
"V "?
() J " J
"h , bV
b 7 " 5
7 J ? {
" ? P "d
()() V
"V? V 7
L. , w 7 o A
O
"V? V ("?
" o) , , ,
, (), ()() ,
} ~ ? 7
"V? V , V
, { 7
V, { ?
{ I o "o ,
?O I,
()(), , , ()

"" 7 b
O "V? V ("?
" o) ,
"""
V7 IL
7 """b o A
IJL \ "o b
7 O P A
"
180
-WS-
" IJ
1 - [. ( (b 7, 1
&
(() 1 3 17(
7( ) =
11
17( 7 (1( 1 K)
, () 1
R , S ,
(, W,
=
[ 71 \
11 , 17( 7 1_
[ 7 S
1 bb R

c = ()
1 7 ef 7
[ 17( 7 1_ [ 7
7 1S h
j S
17( 7 (1( 1
K) , () ()
e 7( 7 \
k= 1 e
l 1_ [ 7
17 (b [,
()()()
\ c q (
[ = 1r 1
R b j e 1

-WS-
1 \ 1
e l 1 1 17(
7 (7 [1j ( xr
c 1_ [ 7 =

17( 7 (1( 1
K) , 11
1
()
11 3 ( r
3 \ e b

17( 7 (1( 1
K) , 1
\ z c, 7, {
3 K (
h 7 7
3 3K = [R
( 11
17( 7 ~, {, 7
, =,
7 { (
{ [ K 1K ,

17( 7 (1(
1 K) ,
, &
( = 17( 7 ~,
{, 7
, = 7 {
( { [
K 1K ,
WHO Framework
Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC)
( (b [,
()(), , , ()
( 1
11 c
q ( [ b
S 7 7 1
7 [Rr
181
", ,
5 7
9 : "
-WS-
"DE F .".
" LM "D
Q LF "
X Z" :
\ L
"FM F ("M "
Q) , c
: fg ,
h i M ""
5 "FM
F j, k, F
, 5 F
k M k
fo Q "Q , M
f 7 L"
-WS- 7 "
"FM F ("M " Q)
, MF :
FM F fgD M7
5 s "
f
" "FM
F ("M " Q) "5,
"" 5
s "5 " (),, ,
, ()() (), ()() (), ,

(), ()(), " ()
:D M7 f,
()()(), , ,
X y
5 " 7
Q M
"FM F
o M FL 7F F
"z X M o M
7F F X s 7"F
: FM F " L "
fL " F
fgD
5 7 9 : "

5
:
c 7 "D f"9
"" M
fgD "
5 M
-WS- 7 " M7
" g
"" F"
"Q "FM F
("M " Q) ,
M
c
F Q 9 : "
L " FM
{
F M
fgD c5
M7 5 M M7
" "

fgD " 7
| fgD " " F
" " F ""

s

7 "D "
M
fgD F "
182
1 - *. K K2 M, 4
: * /
2 47 *7
*7 4
4B47 / 2 :
*E F , J K
4 :
4MK
M
F B 4 O
*Q7 4 *Q
F 4M 4K
* 4 K (Framework
Convention on Tobacco control)

K E
4MK M , O
4\ * ] M
K 4K 4 ] _
4MK M (4K 4
]) , h
i 44
44
m K 7 m
B 4M ]
4 4 44M 2
M M 2 4MK

M O
h m _
i K *p M
q M i M
4MK M
O 4MK M O,
4\ * M 4K
4MK M Or
i
4MK M s t /
M ] K u
i i
* F v
F 4 4 r
w i 4M 4
h7 w
Oh
M i
2 4 2 r
*E F , J K,
M 4

, F z K
. K M M 4
:
4MK
M
4KBK
KM*E K (FCTC)
O K t s
t 4 K
h ] 4 K h
h
4 4 K h h
h K
K K
K h t]
h *E M r
4MK M (4K 4
K
]) ,
K
t BK M
4] KKM *E F
J K
*4r 4 M4
O
183
", ,
"+ " +
"7 8: ;
B E FG
J B
; " ; O 8
, Q S G
G F X X Z
F 8 "
, , G, ]
E " G " :
(F
])
"E, "FG F
("G " +) ,
FGfG ] G
Fh" ] "+
E F G i
fG " G
]h " "F
; O 8
, G, ] E "
G "
G;j, G
G;k F " :
"FG F , l,
"n ] + F G,
"G " + B 8]
"FG F ("G "
+) , "F
8 E
FG " "FG
F X, F
, o E F,
o G
o ]r + "+ , E
+ FZ
E FG B
;"F + GF
FZ G O "J
"+ J 8
F " "+ G]

t "FG
F , l, "n ] +
]h ] u
G : ,
E +
]w ; " ;
O 8 , G;j,
G G;k F
"
Q ] " :
"FG F ("G "
+) ,
G ; "FG F
l
E y B
: 8 G ]z F {
F : F | l
"+ " "
B E FG
J B ; "
lE ; "
J "FG F
l "FG F l, "n
] F "G "FG
F
: h "FG F
F + G
X o J
~ J F
184
1 - $. Q QL =, 6
! $ , 0
, 6 6
: ; !
6= 6
BC ; = !
KB L 6 L
: N , $
6
, P Q 6
:
(=
$)
6B, 6=Q =
(6Q 6 [) ,
=Q^Q $ Q
=a6 , c
Q 6[ B =
Q e
Q $a 6
L : N
, P Q 6
, = Q 6 :
L 6 = Q
B Q
f g
6 B h i B ,
c Q B
6[ L : 6
Q Q
$a j L 6
L : N
, = Q 6

Q $ 6 :
L 6 i FCTC
Packing and Labeling $
$ Packing box 6
Q : 0K
N n 6
Q=$s Q$B
! Q 6 Q
Q 0K
N L 6
$= N$
6=Q = (6Q 6
[) , =
B 6
L 66
! j6
, , c
Q Q
w $x [ 6[ , B
y Q=$s Q
^$B =
6=C 6
Q w[ N
N 6=
$ aC ; j=
=
6
^} 6 6[
B =
, ^ $ ^
= L $P N 6=
6 6 = : $
6 ^Q $
6 6 L
: N $a Q $
185
", ,
"
3, 63 ,
" " :
"BC B ("C "
H) , 6
"N CQ 3,
()()
, , V 6 H C
Y Z [ Z
\ "C] ^ ()
" \ Q
, , V 6 H C
"b C B
B" d "
" , , V 6
\ e "B B
" 3 ()
"C] ^ ()
"N V B"
d " H "
63
" \
" Q
Y 6 3, 63
B
"
"BC B "C " ""
" :
"BC B d
kN ] B
d , "B
b ]
, ^C, ,
"3 N "
H " ] \
, 3, 3\, B 3 q
k r d s
3t d
"B "C 3 " C
(Framework Convention on Tobacco Control)
C bu
"BC B ,
], "Z 3 H B
C, "C " H w
"BC B ("C " H)
, ""

"" q
C N q k
C z
kC VN \ V
C ""
3V 6
C C
C {
C \ zH \ 3u
6 B Y C
} 6~ H \
" ]\
w BC H "
\ "H ""
" "
Q " Q Y 6
"BC B "C " ""
B . B "

, C " :
186
1 - 0. * *9 <,
* 03
9 < *9
0, ()
*J K () <
P <
T 0 U
<* < (*
W) , Z
0 \
< ,
9 _ U
, * <

T
3 9
d < ..
< 0f 9g \d
i k, ,
* \d
0 n, ,
< <* < (*
W) , <*
0T s
q
t P *
3, , , v,
w q
J< * _
y 3 <* <
*t* * (WHO Framework
Convention on Tobacco Control)
q *
| T W U
*0T
y < } *
< ,
t \ 0 3 ,
0 y <
3 d
, , 0
<* < q

* 0
< U9 WHO Framework
Convention on Tobacco Control *
\ * 3
* 0
<*
<* < q
< <
<* < (* W) ,
()
U i * y
U i 9 3
\ * U 0T
<* < J
< < <
T
U 9 <* < (*
W) , (),
P * T <*
, T <,
< , q, <
q * q
0 W W ,
*9 0, ()(),
, , ()
* T T
J f T
* U W T t
0 i 03d
T 9 _
187
", ,
7
*
" "7 ""
7 EF "I E
L " M E OP
R T R *
V R E OP
T 7 EZ*[ E
T M \7 ]
FCTC T "
7 c
a R T Eb
d * "7T 7 ("T
" c) ,
k * T O R
E] m T R "7T
7 n, o, 7
, R 7,
o T
o Eb c "c ,
O7 *\ d *
7

7 .". 7
7R[ "\ "
Eu M "
"7T 7 OP E[ T
T *I[ 7
EF \v "I n "7T
7 ("T " c) ,
() "7T 7 O
"7T 7 o 7
7
7, O ,
"E E "
w[ k
7 c * \
"7T 7 O c E
"E k c E"
\ R R] 7
k
()() [., M
c *
7 "[ {
* 7 V c
7, "[ * c
" T R
I * 7 d
7
*
" ET " }~R, v
" }~R, " " , ~
. "., ] 7
EF \v "I
"I[ k [
R " ET " 7
"I T, " 7
R ." 7 EF \v "I
"I
7, " ~ .".
7 EF "I
"7T 7 ("T "
c) , ()()()
O , "7T 7
"E k
7 c d
* R " 7
P R " 7 "k "
O "7
"
"E R] c k "
\ 7 " " }~R
" [ I EE 7
R "7T 7
("T " c) ,
" "7T
7 "MT
o c * ]
188
1 - .. & &ps O, <
FCTC & ()()

() .1 8 <
&B , ,
& < O ,
R . T ,
. B O
X . <1 <
() O . <8
O T <
<8 O <O&
O <8 _ ` ` O
& <O&
O (<& < _) ,
< <
.T d &
<< 1 <O&
O f, g, O
, 1 O,
g & g
.k _ <_ ,
l <&O
<1 O d & 1
<_ .1 .
O o `
O

.T &pr,
& &ps O
O .t &<R
. <O& O (<&
< _) , <<

<< l
& x l y
& g
y& d &
() <_ 1 p
<O& O
(<& < _) <1
p <O&
O <&y& <&
z & g
f g
< & 1 _ <
& 1 } `
1 <
& 1 1 <
R & < &
} ` 1 }
B
` 1x O&

O
p <x p o
O
`
< l
p
O <
R . T O
.t p <R p
<Rx < <,
o < ..8
&. O O
<B <O& O (<& <
_) 1 } <O&
x O&
<O& O f, O
, 1
O, g &
g .k _ <_ ,
l < 1
d & 1 z 1
<O& O (<& < _)
<1,
O
189
", ,
- 34 ";<
; ("< " B) , ,
- < I "B
I "I IN
;< ; P
S "N
S V W
;
Y Z[ WN
; "Z ];
"" ^ I ; Z
"]" _N ]< "; aB
< :. " f " ";<
; ("< " B) ,
(), ()(),
, (), ()() ()()
Zl "
< , ?
. ";<
;
p, q,
;
, I ;, q
< q
Zs B "B , -
< I ; "Y , ?
. ";< ; ( "< "
B) "I, "
()(), , , , , ()()(),
, ()(), , (),
W Z
, ?
. " I
B , ?
. ; Z _; Z ;
";< ; ("< " B ) ,
()
"" a
< N z a ]
W S { ""

" ";<
; 3N ";< ;
p, ;
, q ; q
- < Za
< q Zs
; B W S I W
, - < ";<
, I ;,
; p, q, ;
q <
q Zs B "B , ""
I 3 I
";< ; ("< " B)
"I, ""
I S ";< ; ("<
" B) , (),
()(), (), (), ()(), ()
() W, - <
I ";< ; p, q, ;
, I
;, q <
q Zs B "B ,
";< ; ( "< "
B) "I, " ()(),
, , , , ()()(), ,()(), ,
(), W
<S Z, ()
(), ()() ()[ l
"N " <
3{ I S
V ~ " <
. "N "
190
1 - Y. ( ( ',
'( ' ((
4) , (),
()(), (), (), ()(), ()
() :.()
N
( O P N
R
. () U '( '
Y
V '
[ ' 4 :
() U , '(
' Y ,
. Y ' 4() U
'( ' Y
'
U ' Y
,
b
( O Y
' 4
(e
. ( [
' 4 : () U '(
' h, '
, V
Yj
' V
k R l
'( '
n o
(
( '( '
, p
qO r s j j
' 4
V Yu
. Y ' (
() '
ow ' Y '(
' Y ' '
[ P

() e ,
[ ,
(, {,

j YN '
R ,
'( ' Y
'
. () }
N j R( ow

' 4
() ,
U '( '
j OR j,
. O Y
[ O '(
' (( 4 ) ,
} R( Y
' (' (
. Y n Y
j
'( ' (R( ('Y
(
WHO Framework Convention
on Tobacco Control (FCTC)
O
R,
w ( '( '

, ' e
Yo Yj Un
j Y o
Y ( ow
191
", ,
- . "2 " 2789

, 2 " A
C
D
2
. 2
N N 2 ,
89
72
7 A
2
. " "V
7 8XY ,
8" 2 8[
N.
a ""
"72 7 "2
d2 8[X
h 2 :() " 8
7, ", , [
"o, 7"
7" X
" ,7
() 2 8r
s t "
7 8d "7 ,7
() "72 7
" u d2
A7
7X
D 72 ,7
() w 7
7" N
" A "7
A7 ,7
. "72 7 "2d2
2 (FCTC) D a
"A . t
h 88 "72 7 ("2
" A) , "7 h ""

2
. "72 7 ("2 "
A) , a d2
"7
y " .2 "
"7 "7,
" 8
. A 7
"2 h 7 ,
8 "7 8 "8Y A "72
7 , ., "{, 8
A 7 2, "2
" A d2 | A }
D h a 72
7 "
"72 7 ("2
" A) ,
"
| "72
7 ("2 " A) "h,
"" h
2
. "72 7 ("2
" A) , ()
""
2 X
d , } D
. "72 7 ("2
" A) , ""
D
| |
192
1 - Y. > >y 3, '
'' /
0 3
> A B 0 3 ''
G >
. '3> 3 ('>
' P) , ()
T '3> 3 U,
3
, V 3 V
YZ \ G ^
' '3> 3 b
' d e >
> '3>
3 , g
hA i j Z Z
3 P d e
V Yl
>
. '3> 3 ('>
' P) , () ()
'3> 3 T P T
'3> 3 V 3
T , '3> 3
'Y p
3 P
e T
'3> 3 'r Y
3 T
3 'Y , '
s > A Y
b >
3 P e
e '3> 3
b ' T> ' '
'Y T '3> 3
' , 3
3 '3> 3
T P G w
G ^YT Z
' ' , yz
' 3 >
. T Z
3 e{ 3 Y
'3> 3 'r Y 3, 3
'p B
> ' z b
, p 3'
3' G
' '3> 3 'r Y
3 Z >
p e P e{
T '3> 3
Z A. , G Z
e y
. >y Y,
() T e{
3
G
Z ()
' e{ { >
y T'
. '3> 3
' >,
> A, , r
>T ' T
Td > '

YA 'Y ,3
3 Z 3'A
,
,3 '3> 3 U, 3

V 3 V
YZ '3> 3 '
' d e
> '3> 3
g '3A
'3> 3 T P G
193
", ,
, "34 3 7
:> @
3 3" >
3 G :7 H 4
"4
. 7 M :
7 @P Q Q
T
4 "
: G G>
G @P> Q Q
" XY "3
[ Q T
^ ""
Q T " :
4 a 4
3
3 ^ :>d M 3 4 .
". h ( 3 47
:j , m ) 7
r
. 7 M :
43 H "G "d4 ">
Q r T
t H " 3>
M> v r :
4
. 4r :,
()() 7
r , , z @
G 4 4 M
"47 { | ()
| () 3
3" T " "
3 z,
@ H v G
z, @, 3 "
3 [ { M
" X
4
. "34 3 7 G
@> " " G
M X >
"> "
4 : 3, 4r
:, ()()
M r r ,
, z @ G 4 "t
4 "34 3 7 G
z " : G @
" a " " 7
z 7 "34 3>
4
3
3" T :"a :" "

3 4 @
4 4 G
" 7 z 7 ":",
@, P : 3"
T : 7
@ "4 3 H "3
M "4 3 :^
4 "34 3
("4 " G) ,
X " @ 3"
T t r 7
34 z> 7>
M :", :7 T
4 |> 3 " "
@r "
" " 4: 3
" 4 7

M 3 "X
194
1 - S. 3 3 1, "
. ")
"13 1 ("3 " <) ,
D F)
J "
" D
Control (FCTC) 3
SS T)
F) X
3 T" Y
") " Z 3
X 3 SS T)
13 < 31 3
S_
"13 1 b
" d3 "
"1 "1,
" S
d < 1
"3 h 1 b, S
"1 S "Si <, "13 1
d, "Z, S <
1 3, "3 " <
j3 "13 1 ("3 "
<) , h
. D
k 1 X 3
F) 13 < "
T " h
1m
(Parliamentary Sovereignty)
31 X 3 T
S
31 ") jm
"
1 1
"D X 3 T)3
h 3 S r
T 13 1 SS 3
3 S
") J F)
" 3Sh Y
"D 3
" 3 3 s 3
u r h
b ) 1 j3
s v 1
v " u r ,
"1 31
" " h
", "1,
"
) 1 3"S
u 3 3
h d T
13 h
1 w 1 x 1
T X D
s T Sh
F Y "
3

31S_ 3 "Z
" 1 Y "
3 y" X 3
h Y
_ d
"1 h h < S
13 1 J "
. ")
D F) ")
3 S, ()(),
, , () Sh
D ) FS S
195
", ,
3 5 "
;= ? C
C I,
? "C ? "?O P
QR "
QR = C
U "
?V C W ? C
W ? " U
X? U ZC
= C V
?_ ? à
b C" I U
" ?V = U "b
V ?Vd Q Q,
f, X, = Xg
"d W " "C
C h " =
. X? ? "
k lC " "
Z d X? ? =
C ?3 d "
?dO n X? ?
C ? V C"
I ? U
V C= h
" = C "R f, X
p " ?
n ? C" ? ?dO
n C C
= " , R =
hd h C C" ? ?dO
C" I" "?"
"= C C" I ?
??5 = C
= 3 ?3 U "C n
I;= nd
; C C= C
W lC
U
`Q
"O= "C C
C U = ?
Q I I
;= ? ? "C Q
d ? "
?d " V h C
"R Xg " X?
U h
? d U
" tV C" I
W ? = Q
"C C= C U
= h =
h C
. Xgd ?b
d ?"3 d
C ,
U C
P C C P =
Xgd " d ?dO
x "

Xg , X?
? d "
? y=y "d
Q Q z
P ? ?d
n
C P = W
? " " P " Xg
? "= " " ?y
196
1 - 4. , ,^ $,
$ % , .
02 4467 : ; 02
$ 6
, D,D FG $
$ I;
.
O 4Q
$ $, 6 F
$, $ (, W)
, F 0
,^ 4,
0
$
W e
f, $ g
$ 0
$ F
. l $ $,
, : $
$ m, n, $
n , n
4r W W , e
, : $ F s
f, 4 $ $, $ (,
W) , ()
. $, $ m, $
,

n $ n
4: w f x
$, $ e
s 0 ,
, $,
$ , Q
y6 z { : :
$ W s F
n 4r
,
. F 0
, $, $
Q e
, I $, $
, : $, n
m, n, $
, n 4r
W W ,
: : ,
. 2 W
. $, $ . m,
n, $
, :, $ n
4: w f
F
, g, ,
, Q n 4r
$ W 0 :
() m, n $
4 , ,
() m, n $
4 , ,
() , $, $,
$ m n $
4 , ,
() $, $ n, :
$ 4 ,
. : . $,
, :,
$ . m, n $
$ n 4 , , ,
g , , Q, Q ,
W
W 0 ^ F
W 0 4
$ s
Q I
Control (FCTC) 4 $ s
197
", ,
"+ "2
> " B C
" E K M
M M M " "
ST K E
U
WC " SX
" " B
T\ M K ]
^ W_ , "
a ^ c TM T d
a f "2
W
X
h h K W W

T ] M
W M M k
m 2
M C noM d
] p M q r
K W W
T" n W
M
. W M
f "TM T X2
q T n X q
2 oM
2 q T BM
c
x "TM T
X2 q z "a
T "TM T a
", W WC T
W
"TM T T
+ "TM T
qK 2
n { "T T

c
. W oM
"TM T "MoM MTW_
M WHO Framework Convention on
Tobacco Control (FCTC) ()
() M"T
q "TM T q
, U C WC
"TM T n
"B
oM
M "T M
q "a~ q M
WC "
M C SX E
M C W M
M "
M E d
" X " C
M + M -Each
unit packet and package of tobacco products
and outside packaging and labeling of such
products also carry health warnings describing
the harmful effects of tobacco use and may
include other appropriate messages. These
warnings and message:
(i) shall be approved by competent
national authority,
(ii) shall be rotating,
(iii) shall be large, clear, visible and
legible,
(iv) should be 50 or more of the principal
display areas but shall be no less than
198
1 - <. 6 6n 4, 2
30 of the principal display areas,

(v) may be in the form of or include
pictures of pictograms.
.
WHO
Framework
()() + 246
: <
4
2 6
6 <L M
24 N 2 6
N 246 4
(26 2 M) ,
V 6 W
2 6 2
: <
246 4
[ N V
6 N< ] 2W
2 2

6 ] b6 cd
e +
<2g 6 c

. WHO Framework Convention
on Tobacco Control ()()
N 6
246 4 (26 2 M) ,
N
N j ]
2d 2 k
<c + +l 246
4 d 2 2
6 <L
]
<< 64
<< + c m d
6nd +l d
o 2 2 6
<L M N M ]
n

. 246 4
NV, V s
t 2 <+ +
s
t 6 4 6
246 4 4

s 6 4
2 d 2 + ,
+ Vd 6
] 2 d
, w2
246 4 x
yz d
ll x 246
4 , w2 ,
246 4
z
ll x
b 4 t <+
t
2 4 w <
{ n W
46 l | }
4 <
M 46 l
4 ~ 46
V
. 2 < n t
: <
246 4
199
", ,
"3 7 8
: > 8 > 8
7 I "> 7 >8
>8 K8
L NO > P I
V
WX Y :P, " ZN
: > 3> >,
: 8

> > "W ">8 >
a L7 %
8 Le Y 7 : >
> ">8 >
>
f " g :h
L > "W N P
"i :
">8 > N
> >j 7
P >
> O k ">8
>" > n
3 N 7 8 7 7
h o
>
: :h ":P
8 L "W
: K 7 I
"> > P
: 8 O
k fW "W ">8 >
a L7 %
8 a O
P : f "h
L NO
O " p >q
. "h " g
8 uLv > h7
p " 8 ">8
> K8 g O
LN 8P
g O8 " ">8
> N w
Y :
" N " 7
: L
>h " L
" g g O "h
" f ">8 >
w " O

Lv >
No " ">8
> 7 > "W
. ">8 > y, a
, 7 >, a
>
8 a K8
FCTC 8
N : k "
> Y O ">8
7
> ("8 " Y) ,
() w 8
,
">8 > y, a, >
7 >, a
8 a Le Y "Y ,
"" 7
8
. ">8 > ("8
" Y) , ()
" ">8 > y,
, 7 >, a
a, >
8 a Le
200
1 - 8. 0 0> :,
, 0
38 : < >
B B F
J 0
< > :0 :
(0 ) <,

: B S
<
T0 8 : :0 :
(0 ) <,
V Y
V B Z T
, <
:0 : [, \, :
:, \ 0
\ 8` ,
B <
B
e :0
< <
T0 Z V
: :
>:
0 < F
V
0 B F <
J 0 g
< : :i FCTC
0 8 B F

. o T0 8
: : ..
-WS- 80
rs< -WS-
> i 8
S :0
: (0 ) <,
Vi :
() :0 : 8x
:
y: <
z 8` :
| T F<
< \
:
[
()() ()
:0 : \
:
, 0>,
:
s
:
i F
:
8
0
8 0
` z : :

() () V
()
8
: :
: i

T0
0 < VY
: : F <
V |
:

() :0
: 0F
T
:
J T
J :
T0
()() : 8
201
", ,
"./ . 7

" A "./
. "B E
. " "I
J .
" () "Q
"./ . "I J
" Q W
. E/ Y/
W "
"Q S
"./ . "I
J " Q . "[
\
. /A J,
()
S () W A ,
, c d [ /
"/W e S ()
. ." f
" " .
c, d g
h [ c d,
. " . i
e Q "
k " d "./
. ." f [
" "/ . g m
". . e
n WHO Framework
/ "./ .
Jo, p. Y/ J
d
W n r
"./ . "/ .
" W . Jo, p.
Y/ . "/
Q m , " I
. [ JW ". A
dE
"./ . Jo, p.
d "/ "./
. W t k ".
"" / -Parties recognize that a
comprehensive ban on advertising, promotion
and sponsorship would reduce the consumption
of tobacco products._
. w JW
.
"./ . ("/ " [)
, y ./ . "
Q \ "
Q "./ . ("/
" [) "Q, ""
Q /
. "./ . ("/
" [) "Q, "
()() ()
() J
". . ~
. [ E Y/ d
A /
/ Q dm
"./ . "w Q
. [ w Q
d
"./ . J
,
". d A

202
1 - Y. 6 6I 4, $
. # $# $
$46 4 8
4

() B () () E
G $IJ $46 4
I
, 6I, ,
4Q
$
RG E
4 S T
I $ ()() ()
4Q Y,
6I
Y
Y
4 6$
6_
4 S T
. $# $ ()
$46 4 Yb S c4
4 e Yf 4
#
_ 4
Y ,
4 i Y
Q4 i $E
4
Y # 4 Y$
4 4 T I $G
G 4 Y$ 4
_ i $E
$ m

E# # $ 8
4 S T
n
T $ I
E $46
4 S 4 6 4
q r 6 T
J Y s
6
. # $# $
6 f e
I4 S 4Y$ m6 E
J T $46 4 ($6
$ S) ,
6 Y 6
f e 4$ 4 Y T
I 6 f
e I4 4 w 64
x $46 4
n, 4
, 8 4 8
Yf 4 T
6 G # y
4 4
6
. $# $ (()
4 Y $46 4
z T #
$ I $46
4 ${ G 4
$ $} Y 4
$46 4 Yb
6 $# E
T $46 4 ($6 $
S) , () G

. # $# $
() $#
B $46 4 $}
Y $ #
4 G6 m6
$ $#
B $46 4 $}
Y $ # 4 $S
, 4T $ $#_

203
", ,
. "1 "
"7 9
"7@ 7 @E
I "
N I P Q
P @ " () N
[ I@
Q @
. "7@ 7 ("@
" [) , a P"7 [
I@ c "
1 1 "7@
7 ("@ " [) "1,
E e
@P g, "7@ 7
("@ " [) ,

7 [

. l 7 "
1 [ , ,
n I@ g 7 " g
"7@ 7 ("@
" [) (),
()(), (), (), ()(), ()
() , N @ 1
, 1
"7@ 7 o, p, 7
7, p @
p gr [ "[ ,
"7@ 7 ("@ "
[) "1, " ()
() (), , (), , ()() (),
, ()(), , (), ()
"e s @P
g, ()(), ,
"
()
1
7 [
P "
7 ""
1 @P " @
P "e 1 o
1 "" " 1 c
v w
@.7 o
@. x@ z
"
" : 9 P /
g
&
.
~ , g
@ E
@ x@ z
@ .. z
"" :
-WS-
g /
" : E, "
.g.. .
204
1 - > <@ 1. > >JL N, <
$, ( .1..
. ( <= >
<@
1AB
1D : > >JL
N, < , P

,
()

(
) ()

( . )
< N M 1V <= >

<@
1D N M 1V ><=
1
X M
XB M
1Z N > (N \)
<@, < ()
() ()
e < ,
(),

>J
1, () ()
< J
< mDn o
:e <> < e
< , @ J
@ s < e <>
< N <
1Z N >
u o J 1Z N >

() () N<
o= <
w Xx 1
u 1Z N > No
< 1 s <n
< 1Z N > (N
\) <@, < ()
() N<
o= <<A Xx 1
, () ()
Xx 1 1
@ N, N< <
<<A y Xx 1
z o @ s
@ 1Z N > (N
\) <@, <
@ >@A Xx
N N<
1
o= Xx
205
. :
", ,
+ 67
9; + 6 +
6> + A C
I 9; 6
L " "N I9 "
9; 6 A
L " L 6>
+ A (+ U), "L,
Z [
"
_ "A + "
9; ` Z "
b 6> +
A (+ U) "L,
" () d () ()

6> + A
+[ + AL 9; 6
I9
" L h "
6> + A (+ U)
"L, " d
() () () _ " ,
()
9 b
o N _ "
, ()
q L "L r
+ A
6 Z t L N
u N " [
""
6q7 L

6> + A (+ U)
"L,
_
"" " "b

x+b + A
d ()
+" [Z "
y 9; 6
I u [
9A 6> + A (+ U)
"L, " "
() d () +"
[Z ""7 9; 6
, d () d ()
9; 6 6
L +, +" "
""7 b 9; 6
I u [
. " () 9; 6
+" [Z 6
_ " ,
() L + "
{ 7 A
u [
+" [Z
" y 9; 6
I [ 6>
+ A + 9 N
_ " ,
() "
+" " >
" 9;
6 "r 6
" " " "r
6 }
~ "A L , [,
, L, A y
206
1 - F 7M R. F FUW 0, 7
%( 0
5 7
0 ;
%( @
0 7 5 A
F 7 7
@ K @ F
F L M
N 0 RS
0 F A
5 F FUW 0
7
%F 7 \ 7
, 70U
7 07 Ab
%( R F ; A
RS 0 F (0 e) 7M,
7 7 ()
7 7 ()
M %( R j 7 07
Ab 77@
%( R
%( R R M 0,
07 7 77@
%F ;
A F 07
Ab@l 7 Ab
%( R j R
77@ j %F
77 0 b A U
A n ()
07 Ab
%( R
0 F 7 7M
b A q

%( R F R
0 7M 7
7 () n () ()
A U 7
U 5 , F, R
M 7 F 7

\F 0 M@
7F 0 \ 7 ,
, 0A 7
RS 0 F (0 e)
7M, 7
F 7 t0 0
u RS 0 F (0
e) 7M, 7
7 () n () ()
%M u
w %M M M@
% 0 RF F x
R 7 b
7M \ 7 ,
FU R,
U 7 U
5 A RS 0 F
7
7
U 7 7 Rz 7b
F 7M R| M 7
0 Rz F7b R
0 77

l M 0 7
M ; M R
70 w;
. 700 R 0 \
7 ,
7 M RS 0
207
", ,
* (/ 1) "5,
/ / = "5 " ()
@ () () C
/" C= IJ
L M Q "
, ()
[ _ 5 Q "
, () `
5 "5 a
5 f
*f M, ()
() " `
5 " *
. M`l "
/" C=
IJ M I* /
/ "" / Mn /
* (/ 1) "5,
" () @ () ()
/" C=
[ IJ M *
/
"5 = Q "
, ()
p C a
. Mn / * (/
1) "5, "
() @ () () Q "
, ()
/ / Q* /
5l "* / Q
Mlr "Mr L t
Mn / * t
/ Q " ,
* /C "
* t /*
/ " = "
[ Mn / *
/
(/ 1) "5,
5 "5
Mn / * v /
f
. , = "5 "
" () @ () ()
Q " , ()
" / /, Q "
, Mn /
* M /C "
*/w () C
* :
() /"
C= " y
IJ M
/ ,
Mn / * (/ 1)
"5, "
C :
. L : () "
z M
I* *
L :
() /" C=
""l IJ M
,
() @ ()
IJ M M
5 /, /"
" ""l [
IJ M
() " () /
208
1 - 9 H 4. 9 9ky ,

-0 23 4
9 ; -0
()
H
J
K
9
M

. 0 H
- X ,
() 4] 9
-0 23
4 0
H () ` ()
()
-0 K 23 4
;
-0 23 4
4 H ,
K ; 23
4 29
H H 4]
9
H
-0 23 4
H H
() 9 ; -0
()
H J K
9 M
H ; 9
.
-0 23 4
9
X ,
` ()
9 4] 9
( g) H,
() ` () ()
- i
. 4] 9 ( g)
H, ()

-0 23 4
9 ; -0
() H
J K 9 M
H H H
() - H
0 4] 9

9
k ; kl
m
n4X 2H M
H 42
9k 4,
() 4
4q 4]
9 ( g) H,
() ` () ()
k
. 9k 4,
()

29
29
s , k
4 u H
9k
4, () 4
209
", ,
"
03
; @
3. B3 E
3. E
( .)
"
" : N
&
.
PQ , 8
3 E
3 8 V
3 .. E
"" :
-NF-
_
/"N : ; b, ;
" .
e
fgh
b, ;
ik/N
: ;
" .
e
/"N 8 : fn oe
";
ik/N 8 : oe ";g
o
0 :
0h :
g p :
..3.
p :
.3. B3 E
.3. o
p :
PQ ;
.3.
.3.
PQ
;
""
" N
"" 3 ,
()
w() N p "
_ z{|
} :
f f
g, f f{
3 fN ~
210
. :
1 - z Q. z
" %%
" % 68
= % B
=D L
O P
M
68 QS , % %B
%%
QW %X B
[ \, M Q %%
. () Q.. S
d d
eO Q.. S
d
W
B
L QW %%
68 68
6
68 QB
Q
QB QS
%%
QW %% = QS
MB %%
l O d
%
, QS % B"
68 \ % %
% 68
O P
68 %" QS"
B %

QB W
X Q
. B
% B
QW %% [ =
B p \ QW
%%

68 Q
QS
d B Q \
D QW %% B
68 Q %
%
" = W
DP Q
68 QS MB
=D MB D QS
Q s Q..
d d X
%D %tM QB %
68 Q ,
, , , [
W
%B M QS
B M
O W
6
% u L B
68 P % QS
68 Q \
% =
" l v
M
= OM
. B
. 6%
d l Q \ D
QW %% B
D M
QS W
X y %B z,
z, z, z
%8 {
[
211
", ,
- 6 8:
. 8 "-:
D D ""
M R
8 S
T - " "
"" "
- -Y "
""
M8 ""
R 8
"
"-
8 ^ _
- - M _
à Mb
c e f "- ^
h "a i
^
R j Mb
- j
8 "
"
à c "-:
h -
- "-b - k, " .M..
. M.. b..
c n . M.. M..
c q à -
- M..
"-: n
n c
- " c "
- , a, s,
"
- à q
c T . w
q à T
c "- yz- à " e f " h n h "a
i
M k Y
MR "" - T k
Y` - "- 6
q _
à -
e f 8 k
"" "- - 8
""
- "-8 M
q
T
, -
"8 q
-
R
" q "-
n " q k
à " à e
"- - q
"T k e
^ q M
à T c e n
k ""

8 a
^, M^
~ M..
c T _
M.. c T _
212
1 - T ). T
). 3 4
5 ,

...
D FH
D M . . . FH
. 5 ,

M T
)..
Y M )..
, Y\
M 4 T 4 T, )4
T _ `
a Y Mc d T
. ).. )..

Y 4
. f
a Y
` \ d 3
MM 3
. 5 ,
MM
).. a f
a M M
,
).. Y a
\ a 3 . M3

d 3, a ) MM
. (), ).. Y
M )na
) ).. Y
)..
n
Y Y 3 3
Y )q _
d Y `r
a f `r a f
` ,
MM ).
d 4 5
t T .
.

Mq . MM
\.
3, M ) MM, .
).. / Y
_ d T
4 4 MM
\. ,, (
) 3, M )
MM . )..
Y MM
T \. ,, ( )
M 4 Y
x M M
M. z F `r
Y {|
... , /, T , M..
M}a M d
).. . 4
)r Y a Y
` , MM
).
\ 3 4
5 t M T
. .

T )..
Y a Y \
213
", ,
+

@.. E G
, ""
K . .
. @L O
O " GT
" T " W X
@L " " T
" " G Z
X ""

O "_
W a a _
Oc W
+ ""
.".. Oc
O T _ _
O ""c
Z L @T
_ " T X
""
c W + @..
E G E

O W E G E
@.. @..

Ec T X
c G E
@ @..
E G E @.. , ,
E _ G
W + ""
E
_ +_ _
@.. E G E
i , ""
W
"
_ +_ E c
G E T @..
E c
T ""

W
W
.@..
@.. E G
E @T @..
L E
l l " m
G @.. L
E
@.. L E
c
_ @.. E
/ G
@.. E _
" _
ir G E "sG "
@..
"T ,
G
G
W
, ()()
_ _ X m
a L
"
@ @.. L
E @r _ @..
E "_
a " w @..
E @r _ c
G _ c @..
214
1 - \ 2. \
' .
2..
< ? <
F < < .H <
< . J 2.L
MP ? ?
W .
X 2.. J
\ < L
? P
J ? J
..
? ?2 '<
.a? 2< < H .b
L c 2Wa .
X .H .e .a?
(... , ... , \ )
. < < 22< .H
? ,

() n ()
X < o .
' . H L
..
M P

. . X
< X
.< \ H
2r '\ .P
.2.. 2t
2.. J
.2.. c.. J
. W 2..
c.. J W
\ 2..
c.. J .<
\ o < ?
W ?< J ?
' Jv W w
. ' .
e .< \ ?< .
H 2..
J '
. X 2..
c.. J
< < ,
< ?
yz P
2.. J
? J ' ?

P P

H
2c H '\ .PW
' yz
?
P
b H{
H \ P
b 2.. c..
J ? J
t yz
. e} . <
P b
,
\ 2..
J < 2H

yz P
.

H
2. P c 2c
215
", ,
" "
" :; ">
> @ ">> E >
> " GH E..

N "
; ; N N
:;
" "
> @
; "H
3. > YZ/\ H E
> H E
E H H, E
; E\ b
E c H
"" f "g
i j, ;
E "" . () E..
o N H
E\ . E..
N @
\ ; " N "> \
\ r H
s "
> @ :t
> ;

f
g E u ;
4. "\ b
H "t w >
i
x H
E
; s
H s
y
"
z N :t \
"y
{ ;\
\ fy
" ;
5. i j
. i " >
N ; N E..
Nx
;
\ , E..

> E.. E..
N ; N g u
""
; ,
i o "\
i \ b
> E.. ; N
E.. , , ;
N i

;
6. "\ b
" > > " G E..
o N ; N
" ;
E.. ; Et
E s E..
b \ H
; N > \
E .
"" Ef "g
E.. o
N H
c> E..
o N
\
;
7. Y \
216
1 - H.
"&
.. / " ;
, >
. ()
H H.. > K
> N P
H> H.. H..
> N
U "
""
Z
"&
8.
^
HU_
... /
" ` ; ,
>
. () H..
> N P
a H.. >
N " U
a
Z b cU H..
> N
K
e c
`

"b
9. H H.. >
N Hh & H..
N "&
" a H..
N Hh & U
Z & U H..
j "
H..
& Z &
o & & p
N "` & &
" N H"r se Z
Z U
" ; H..
N
& r ,
Z
e N Z N
""
Z
ZH j& "_Z H& &
` "b r >
HU_ " ; "`
"P "_Z (..., "..
, 303) " Z
10. & H..
> N
H"r " ` ;
"U se H..
> N
& " ;U Z
Z
Z N Z sy

` ` "b
se "` "
H H.. .H. N
"&
e N

"
" |
11. ` " ; Z
; >
H.. >
217
", ,
+ 4 9
= = +
C F
""
H
9 M9 = N
" C
()
()
"
H Q M
..., = .T.. .
T.. 4
T.. +
" 9 C
T.. + =
= C N
\
9 ] 9 ""
" \
H _
=.C ]
=... a
.

hi , H
F ...=. C
=
"" :
CR
m : no
/"9
: _
M,
_ ... .

TNq
rt/9 : _ M,
.T.. .

.

. ,

"
" : =
&
218
7.
1 -
( . )
( . )
( . )
( . )
,

,

,

( . )
( . )

( . )
/02 4 : 78 ;<
0? 78
0?H . 0L,
219
", ,

79/= @ : CD FG "J
M
M :
, "..
G
MW :
X , . . ,,

.; X[ .
C.. X[ = y C..
= h.. p "= ..
s
" = X[ {

F ""
.. () " X[
. X[ C =
Ch^ . .
= M" h
~ { C

^ [ :
..`.
[ :
G
.`.
.`. C` G
= Cs C..
p = C..
@ [
y C..
p
" C=
= s ^ "=
,
""
` , ()()
. :
"= @
f ghi j
:m n, " .C..
C.. p ChqX
= = s
@ u Ch
X,

() . . () . p
" [ C "
"" m n
@ = .. =
s Ch^ "
[ " " n
.. s ^. ,, =
= "
p = = s
X[ =
= ~ {
"
"" "
.C.. C.. p "
@ .. s C..
X[
C..
F ~ C
"
= ""
p

= @ s

~ {
" X
Cs
220
(.
1 -
!# ! (.. /
!8## :;

> ( A, !8# :;
. ! :;
A A . .
!# ! ! 8
N > O P

# U W
X ; Y[ \ ; :;
8 (U ] > 8
( !
A!
:; . f
(
A ;
8 N(
8 N

> !8
,
!8k
! ! l
(.. W
8 l ! :;
. :; ( X
(
:; . !lAn
f fN A
. . . , !8,
! op
! A >

l

!
:;
:; . 8 ;

f # !
!8 8
; f 8 P8
(.. W N A l
! ] (..
W !!
A :; . :;
O P
!! !
A > ,

!!
U
!! !
! (U .
(U . ] l
A W
:; ; !8 l
:; #
(A
u f (
! f #
(A
8 !! 8
v X > !8

8 ufN ,
x
! 8
8
A8
:; u > n P
! 8
Y[ ( !
! :; fN 8
221
", ,
- / - 5 78
" - 5 8
,

/ ,
C
. . JK
" " " C V

- J
""
- \ "
- .. ""
" - ,
" ` " \
K JC - bc
C "
- \ J
" J
" .J.. . ..
.... . cC J..
J.. J g
C ""J bc
C "
C V
C "" n
- 5 "
.
V "
""
C ""
C V
5 ""
J.. g c C
" - J..
g c
""
.. () "
/8 J - - V J
5 j
"-j /8
"j
-
/"
- 8 b
7- - /8 . ""
C
/8
j q
-
J ""
- \ 7
c "
c
"-

rs
- 5bc ,
u
7 \ JC - -
C- /8
5 V v 7 "
"j c
` " k
"- l
J c/ " 5
"" ,
" -
-
- wn
J " r
" /8 bc - - -
222
V.
1 -
% ( * - .%
( -
, <
> . C
, . . ()

. P
. Q - .%
. V..
*
. V.. C .
* C \
. ^ . _C
à %
(_C , .
. %
%
<%
- ( *
% . - _C (
% * C (
% (_C ,
, -
.
. `hi j
( <

a ^l .%,
. ()()
( a
% <
< > a

..
Vn . -
., P,
, q < . .
. ..V .
, t
* . <
> <
a

C .Pa .
* C \ .
^ . _C à
% (_C ,
.
. %
%
<%
- ( * %
. - _C (
% * > * %
(_C ,
, - .
.
. `hi j
( <

a > *
*
C a
a ` j
V > ( v
_C % a
.<
< w
a
n
% . a
> <

.
.

< .
V\ <
` < .
. .
n < >
223
", ,

3
" " ?
D G
""
H
J
"?L GP JR "3
GP "3W
. "],
?
" ` "b c
" " Jd
? " " ?

"
? ` "b g
" G h? " ..
. () .... . ()
G.. ` ? L
? G.. `
L "
" ? G.. `
? Jd L bc 3 "
" ?
" pq bc D
? ]c "?qL
G ` ? G
L g L r L

L
hs ?L GP
JR "3 p G
G hs qb "
D W t ] ""

, ""
bc
D
""
g
]
D ,
"" g

""
L
p D W
w" ? q
L c
p "?
L g
L
"L G
D GP xW
H ?
,
" "?
b ` g "L dc

. "LL
G L,
D ? G t ]
" .G.. G.. `
?
"?
? d "?
"" t ]
L " d
"?W x bc
? z G.. G..
""
" d 3 "
bc . bc
G ? "?W ?
. ? g
q W t ]
224
'.
1 -
"$& '..
67
'..
. " 67
" " $
,
"$ "
67
" $ N &
N $ P$
"
67
&

"$

R T
. S
U "N V& "& 7
X :() U T& ]
67 . R
$ 7 ?
() $ "
" P
_ 67 U
$ UNX ,
XR $ f
6
$ U
, 67
"$ U ?
() ""
'

]h
"
_ 67 ]
?
() N
k "P "P ?
()
" ?
. R P ' V
6 , 67
NX ' R
. . _
R X"R X
. 67 . f
Pm $ " nh
p $ $
R
$ q ' s "
_ 6 q
" _ $ " t
$ "
" h q
_ " q _
" t nh R
u $
" p 7 " w
& $
n p $
67 R
k P X
. 67 .
" 67 $
X$ s " x ""
$ _ $ $ $ s N
" $ $ $
" 67 7 $ z k
_ X
. 67 .
_ | R "
" " P x, ""

X _ s
225
", ,
* 1, "" 6 < <

? " D F "
" I < < ?
*" D L MN ? "
Q R
. MN .
R L Q
" " \ ]\ "^
L L \ `^
? F . 6 L
L L < ]\ "L
eN ] MN .
6 " " "
DL 6 MN ? L D]
* " R ^
^ MN ? L D]
] . F, I
" MN Q h<
\ L " *< ] *
"?F * " "
MN N I 6
? * L
, j L N "
^ L
L
. MN .
6 \ ]L L
<^ \ \.
. e \mnM
< < o
\ L q \m
"
o Q R ] <
\ D 6 <
L \.. e "<
"M N u F

" " *
Q L L \] <
e \ "< "M N
" " o Q
< " w ]
< "< < "* e

"<nM o D]
L " < " L] "

" o D
< " o \..
e "M N "
x o "<^ \..
I \.. <
\.. e < <
MN L
Q " z < {
L " \..
e * D] \
< " L {
"* \.. \..

e \..
"M N " "
o \.. I
\.. < x<
o \.. e <
" o Q <
< " "* \..

e "M L x< o
" MN ? Q
\ Q \]`
\.. " < \..
"M N x< o
226
8.
1 -
)+ . 0.
3 8.. <) > <
<A )+ .
G
J + LM G
8.. O .

. 8.. O
X YL <<

J _, <`. ..
<< f
O J <<8
< () 8..
O 8 O l
m < L . <<8 8..
O < J ..
<<
. p O r
<< <J .8.

. <
m < .
J f 8..
O O J
<<8 O 8
J
8 s
t
. . <.
_ < () O
u <v 8
. 8.. <) J <
3 < ()
8x u <v
8X .
8X < LL
<) <. ` <

{
8 8 `
8X
Ls < | L8
} 3 <
L m
<< 8< 8v t J
L <L .
3 L J
_ J
L J J <` G
YJ < l .
t J 8
. L m L, X
8< 8v t
<s 3L L <J <
, L L >t
L L < L L
} L L

8 J 8
< L L t L
t < L 8
8 < L X L
<JJ < 8L
< <
8, t <
< . J 8 m Y
< LJ uJ <J
O< X X
Y LJ l L
J >< .
8 > L <
<J L X L
L 8

227
", ,
. 1 5
" "
@ AB D
@
.
"
, ".. , M
O M QS M
1 O D
Y "
\ ] ^ D B
D_ . "@ " "
D @
@
. 1 @d d O
D D.. c
"] d "
v " " D..

c c d
""D q c DB
" O d
Q D.. c j
O q "
D_ ` c
Y \d D
" c D_
` f
B @ D..
c d c j
\ dd
D.. c j
DB, j, ` "
O "" " "
c D.. c "OA
O \ B
O D..
O Y D_
`` h
Yd \ "B ... c
Y "]
O D_ ` D
\ @ d
""
@ q 1 D D..
" D.. r
" d D..
D D @ O
q
Y..
dO D. q 1
" D D_ ` O
" " D_
` d@
\ @ Q "Yq D..
D c D O
\ D.. c
c Yv
" "
v \ Dh
"
v j d
d Dv "
y f d " O d
v " h { D..
"] r Y r \ "
O " " Q
B A
" ]r 1
. " B 5
`@ D d "
228
Q.
1 -
& )+ )+
1 8 +8 +
< , + , ,
, , , , , , ,
. 1L M 1L

8 8 P Q,
+ i 8 & 1
a a
& + 8 j
Q+ a
S 1L
8
8 k
1L
1L ^ Q +8
Z +8 )m
)+ . . , ,
1 + . .
S Z 1L
1L
, 1L
S X 8 Q
Q )+ 1
+ +8
S ^8
Z 8 8 `)+ +
a 8 a X
8 + &
b + ` . .
. Z Q a + c
X S 8
X b
+ Q a
g h
8 à
b + a
g a S8
à X
+ & b
. . . . b
1
b +
Q a gh
P + `
^ ` + P )+
^ n c c
L o
c
a
Xi ah o
a
+ a Z)+ ,

Z a
b ` Z)+ S
1L a k & b
+
, a

a 8a
<P Z a
& b
8
1
L
<P &
.
Q tQu a Z)+
P
a Z bP & Q
229
", ,
- /
" " @ C
EF H J L J
P " Q PRS
W @ Q
/F Z
J Q ""
- / J
P
Q P
` aJ" J
Q " "
" ` EF P

a ad H e
e L R f "

. " /
f RS J a Q

""
Z "
@ EF H "/
f . RS J J
@L Q J..
p "E a "
Z " J.. p Q
a
" Jr s J..
p s "Q " J..
p J p
J Q J
d " ""
"
" EF H "/
. EF . EF
a " a
u Q " w
F " x `
EF yJ
y " /
P Q J.. p "E
F " Z
Q " z
@W / " ""
"

a S "
Z H Q
" () p
"E a " Z H
" " " J..
p "E a "
Z H "
Q "
J.. /
" "
J.. / H J
EF . a
JQ u
a EF
Z a "
J a " C Q
EF

" H "" p ~s, s
y"S "ay
J J / a
Q " u ,
J a "Q`

H
W a EF H "/
"" "
230
I.
1 -

. 2

. ?
2 AB AB 2
F ?G I J KL M
J IR TU
I
AW
KL GY
A Z \ B
AA
, AA

Yc Z , AA
2 B
Yc Z 2
AA A
W AA fA
J
J c AA
J
?
J 2 Y A G
Y
. ?G J,
. . . l Z
A A
n n .
n 2 l
A .
J A
fA
Z A
A 2 n
n l
J J
A ? M
n Z A
AA A
? M ?
AA o fA A
p
f , ? A n
W 2 B
. . . .
q J l Z A
rs J A
?G A? .
() l A
rs
. n n
. n
2 l A
. c,
() Z rs
n l As
J c,
? M
J
() W
AA ?
M AA
fA J
. K c ?
c ?G . .
. J A GAJ G
. , . . .
? f c l K ? M
Z rs
w A x
A q B AA
M AA f ?
231
", ,
/ 0 3 4 9

>
. . . .
. 9 L>
4P /Q" >/ QP
"> , S TP
/ "
" V 4 X
>/ 9 4
Q" " / >

4 / TP
"\ X"
/ "]^
L> /Q" 4
^ 4 /Q"
T" 0 Q >
/ "\
X" ^ 4
] V 4
0 3 QQ` a
Q Xb/ 4
, ""
`0
` , . . . .
S
4 /Q"P
f . .
. . 4

V ""
3
>` S `0
S 3
" . .
9
. h `
"
"9 V
. . i X
" j
"9
. " ,
/, ".. , p
q QPr Xb
q " /
S LL> ` L>
tQ S
" "3"3 ^ , u
" / Q " L/
v 0 w
,
" "", "
V "` y Qz, T,
" T, , " V "" X{
v V "
/ 0
"
" S / 3
P Q" "
u V " 3
"r> "
"9
>
. X "
, ".. , p
V " QPr
Xb p "/
S "
T "
{ V "" " Q"P
"/ V 3 "9
L L> T u
{ " " /
V
L> T u {
232
.
1 -
"% 1
4 "5 4 "89 "
9
. D 9E E
9I "

D L 5 ""

, ""
...
() ...
, ^ I_
D I_ _
""
` ... 4 5
9 I "
b9 E E
1 D ` 4
E 1 h _ 9
D 9i j
b I_ _ 1
j i " "l
n
E h "E "
"E` 9
"89 "
q
^ j i 9I
" D 5
1 r "
I_ D _
" . . .
E E "5
I_ D
E ,
""
E "" s
1 . . .

""
4 9
""
s "
E "" 9
. . . .
5 r
" "89
4 "5

. " 5
9 v 9 E "
%
1 "1w
""
L 5 E 1
j " " q
I_ . E
4 i "
1 "
"

"1
.. ^ ""
1 `j E "
1
^ _ 1 ^
% L 5
,
"" E
51 E
.
%
_ "1
233
", ,
. , . . .
"
8: ; < >A <
A ": 8
,
LM
8
. . TA
, ".. , X
;
A ":
T : " \
" A
"
. : ] \
,
8: :
] \
8
":
.

LM , d
k ...T. A
T m n
"" :
-CR-
` : <
/: : "A :

<\s
:
tu/": : 8 ,
< "" . "
> v
: _
A \
` : _ :
"" " c
d
....T. A
"
" : <i _
&
( . )
/:
A
:
<y
T"d
tu/": A :
234
1 - /. I z G
:
' :
- , /1 . , .

9 = :A
..>.
v II
I9 / 1 /
- , /1 . /1
I9 1 .
1 G z {
1
IA
/ 1 I A 9 >
I 9
= :..>. G I
.>. /
. : >
I SI ,
II
^ _S` a
: /S I
/ A A
9 >

/S I
I I , AI
I k
l I 1
n I
S
-
1
/S p ,
G 1 I
G / A t
1 I 1 v w
x I / A
1 I
p ,
1 / II, .
G 1 A - I z
G I I
>1I 1 >1
I > I>
1 / IA
A
II I
1 }9
I A
~, /~,
} 1 }
1 I
= I
} I
' = I
1
p I
1 I /
/ p 1
/ A
1
p z { I1
z I` I1S
235
", ,
. , -

@ "
/ F" "
@ " N "N
" @
O N " "
R
T " "
@ W " " " X

R Y
"Y T
@
@ O
. W @ W T
[ "W " T
^ "_ "W`

""
-a "b W
. , -
c X
[ "

W-
O W . ,
^ W O Y
^ NX
@ W . W @
i NX "
T ^ W ^
T
[ @k
^F " "
.
N
W X "
" ^
"Wc " T
^ () " W
Y , @W
@ W
. @W "
"Wc . .
W
^
T
[
"
"" N
" w c "
, " y . ,
"
"
"
, O
, W "
c. @"
, w " "
, @ "" ""
wN @R "
" F " w
} ~
[ " Rc
W @
F
F " NX
. N T
" [ ""
@ T [
"W c .

@"T @" "
""
"
" "
@
c
236
1 - 4. * = J
$
*
245 8
4 = =
*
4 B * D,
* B
= G *$ * =
J 8 L

* M
P , . . ,
$
*$ 8.
, D *$ * =
J 8. ,

[ \ ]
D
D = 8 L **

*$ $
4 $
*$ * - D
8 h 4j
$ *, k
*$ \
$ *D
= * L *
*L$ 8 L

$ G $
*$8
4 *$
*$ P 2 o = $
* *$8 =
G $ *D 8
L
*$
4
L G $
*$ h
4j D * = G
* L * 4p
8 L
$ *D *$
4
, 4 *
,
4 * * s, $*
*$
D B
J 4
$ u
2 L 4
B = G *$
] v
8 L
*$
, J
* Gw 4
** u] * *$
J * *$

* y ,
4 $[ $ 2
$ L * D
u *$
* J 8
L *$ 4
B = G *$
] s
237
", ,

"6
; ? "
"6 ? " B
; EF ?H
" ; F;
EF
6
N P Q F
V Z

"6
? EF
6 " 6
" ? ] "
"Z ? ]
P Q "6 ^ Z
"6
"" B Z
"6 P
N , ?6 .
" .

; P
6 " P ,
] ?n , V , "j6
l e
p "6
" P ; P
Z
"6 Fq r
?e 6
"6 "
V P 6
,
"6
F; " P

; Z "6
6 " P ?
Qq

6 " P E
F F 6
P 6 B
" "
. e Z., 6
e "6 " P
V "
e P Z j ""

6 l " "6
P ?
P "?eZ ?t

"6 " P
" " e P
6 ^ N
" ""
, "6
""
" e P
, ""

6 6 r "6
" V ? e
; m " "
e 6 6
? j , "6
? e, Z j
238
1 - ). N T M
) ,
1
5 1 :
1 < 1 = @
, 1
E I )J ,
M , N:1 N1
R
T N
, U
E
)V N1
R N T 1
) @ NN
<
1 N1
[ 1
), <
Y

E<
,
1
N M T
= 1

M N
N
, N ) NN
, _
MM È
, ) , )
, 1 c
) 1 1 [
1 ,
) )
N T N1 1 N
, N: N
N1 N
[ d I
,
,
) N, )dl
...
) o
E
N )1
, ()()()
o
I N
M[ )V N
, T NN
1
V o
1 ,
)v EN<
1 N1
) , 1
5 1
) 1 1 [
1 ,
c T
N1 1 w
N N1 N
[ d
I ,
), < :1 1
N1

N ,
, N
. : NN
x 1 , o
, N ,
239
", ,
/
3 4 5 5 9 :< "@
@ C
. "@@ J@, /
" @ / N
" <
"/
"
V () J
/ N
9 " 9 V
" "/ J
3 ,
"/\
J/ . .
. V 9 "
< \ c "/
"
@ \. /
"
:< / / C
"/f3 V
() \
, " h
: "
/ @
"/ "

9 J
9 :< J
@ C
. / / h "/
" 9 V ()
3 N 9
J
V 9 c < "/
" 9 < "/j
@ "/ J
@ <" "
l\ 9
" J / " "

" N l\
3 9
J
/ m c /
< "/
< "/
@ <N " 9
9

c < "/\
c,
J "" . <
@ c
/ J "" .
,
.J..
c
" "/ "

9 N
/ 9 J / "
9 J " 9
. : J "/
" J@ J mq
/ " J J @
/ 3
C JJ
J "
/ h /
r r
C "
< r "" @ "/
< "/j
@ ""
< / h "
J
240
1 - (. L 3 ^
( .
( 3 4 7
= = ( ? @

( F
( LM
L L
(
LM

? =
3
(@ ( 4R 3 M L
ST 3 ( L
L @ L
(
. . (( (
(( T 3
M Z T (
M L M \
@ .
(
( .
L L . @
@
^@
L
. L
M
@ ( @

. @, .
( L ( (
a 3 b M
L 3 c
M @ L7
\ LL e LM
L 3 ^
b L(@T (c 3
? , (M
.
.
m (M a (
L @
@m T
n Tm M
L Z (
L L M
3 4 .
R 4 L
( @ 4R
3 ML T (
4
3
. @, LM L 3
^ () LM
(( T 3
@ M
L LM L 3
^ (
,
@
L
? e
s \ M t
M LL L u
R
..... @
L
L :
f T
3 ( 3
241
&
", ,
/U
B
:
Wf
="6
[\/"U B :

-. , 6
8 ...=. B
= D= H
"" :
-CR-
8 :
8Z :
, .
U P8= ,

Y j :..=. n
P : RR
/U : = W
U
WYZ
[\/"U : ] U, .W..
. =
W

( . )
j :.=. 8 U
.=.
=
,
U B U
"BB P rst
.... :
u : W =
W w W "
U z
B " z "
U " "U
U U z 8}
z 6 = W
"
""
w W
" w B w
" "U = "
=
B B W
242
1 - 6. 6
) .
/ . 5
6 / ?/
/ /) )
5 5 .
I
L 6 5 /
/)L )
? L 5
I P
QQ RS )
R U 6
)
// S
^
L 6 . )
6 ` U
a 6
b

a 6
)
I 5
U /) 6

// S
L 6 .
d /
/ /

I U
6
a
/

6 ) S
/L . 6 6
R /
a
/ I )
U
6
a h
R /
6 L
) S
/ /)L
6
. 6 6
R5 / U

) j //

6

6 )
/ /)L
/) 6
6 .d
R5 / U P L
6
// S
6Lk l j /)
6 6
/ 65 /
I /
6 / /
/L
6 /
U / j
6 RS
243
//
", ,
* -/0 2 7 ":/
? - B F
": ?
? F " B
- ? -
B U
B -
":/ ?,
? - /
: /
[[ : * "/ \ F
] , , .
-: : .
b U d
"

"
f
g g h?
"" -.. :
" " : j U
d ": - /

/ :
[[
lmn
f j U
d ": ? - /

" m

" j
f ""
":
"p U d ":
-
: ": m/

"
"
":r ? -

? - /
g, g
B U t
:m " -v "
": ? -
, .
.
F F ? ":/

w
F U d / :
7 ""

" " ? /
z B :m
" 7 { g
g 7
"7 "
l [[
-v
g . /
f d}
: 7: b U ":
? - ,
-
": ? -
F ": -
B " ":
244
1 - L. - L
) -

99
?AB B
-
?B ?AB
I ? K
-
?AB LMN
) ?AB
L L ?
K B L)
UA A V
W X A
) , L

B [ ?
I W U ]
), A ??
Ad ?
?A
LBe fg
A A h
( , , ?.. , l
) p[
V B - )
B L
- ?A
B -
) . . .
fg ) W
, L ??

?B ] Ad ?
B I
- [ u ?
I W U
- u [
B [
I
99 W
?U B A U
. -) .. .
x ??
? d
?
-) h )
A ) B U
K W X
, L ??

?B
- L
u B L
?B 99

{ ,
] L
. ? I
x A L?)
X ? u
[ | 99 V? x
9 ) f 9 f
I A ~
- h ? ?B
[ ] L
?B ~
A
{ ,
V
. Xf L
{
. X )
245
", ,
+ 3 6 :<
6 > ::
F "<
O ::
Q S +V

.
.
"
^ X V
+_ F"S
V "" c

: O V 6 : n
X " 3
Z [ V
V
X V , +
" X + "V
ef
"X<
F
+ F +
< X "< /
:: X e
"< ,
. +X X .
3 Z "
F +
X "
. V F
"X< +
< X m
X V
X "VV
u ,
" n
f X +"V
[ " v O
w :: 3" V
" 6X
n X > :: "
x X
V S
u " F "
:: u "
::

V f
Z +e z "

. "X F +
< V "
< F X
" F "Xo
V
"" e
"X F +
f < + n
X F +
{ S +
F
X "< O
n "
o FV ^ V
< m e
, +
+
F F
X ^>F ,
"X X X V V
S F
+ X
O V
m V "X
246
1 - <. 3 <
,0
3 3
9 , <
?
, ? <
,0 3
d O 0 <
lm .......................................
? O lm..
, 0 f
lm .......................................
Nr O0 0
lm .............................
Ns ?, , t <
< 3 <
F ,
, 3
< , J
,LM N
O J
? 0 M
,
.
,N
Fracture shaft of ulna

N Facture 1st phalanx if ri index finger
? ? V F,
0 .. ,,
,N V 0_ F
N 3
a , 9
, ?
V < , O
, cc
dF < F
M , . cc
f3 h
:
. F
cc F
k O 0 0

0 3 lm ..........................
no O lm.
v 0 0
lm.....................
. O h cc
< , ?
0 cL 0
c 9 <, , O
c 0 9 F
0 f 0m 0
F F
. 3 , no O
,F < , ,
0 f ,F Nr
O 0 0 lm Ns
?, , t < v 0
0 f lm r0
r ,3 3f
r c F
F r c
r0 < F
x y r
c < F x z
c
x y ,
r c , F
f d <3
247
", ,
. 1 6 9
< > @ B 6
G < < "H
.
@ 1 S
T
X Y Z
"T ] Z> "
H ] <,
Y Z r Z ""
" d
t
@. u@ v
"
" : Z
Z
""
"T ] Z> Z d
"Te T @
&
f g
H Z> " "T
f
f Z G Z "ZT
99 < g

. " 1
" 6
"T < , X
"
99 @<
.

{X , t
@
@ .. v
"" :
CR
"ZT 1
T Z H
""
Z @< Y <
Z YG@ ,
Z <
T ,
1 ""
< Z
"
p f q
Y :-
/"Z : t H, e
d " .
< g ,
p 1 <<
1T
6/Z : Z "
248
1 - 2 XX 2.
CR
7,
/-0
: 2
2 - .
- C0
( . )
F , J
N
2OP
QR/0 : 0 -

()
, ()
() ,

() ,
()

( . )
() ,
() ()

,

,

,

,
()

( . )
( . )
() ,

() ,
/-0 X : 2\ ]^
-a 0 2\ -a
-X b
QR/0 X :
( . )
249
", ,
. :
, ".. ,
.
.= :
("E) ,
N (), ()
Q U :..E. "
U :-
.E. "
.E. Z[. \
E
, ()
b cde f
:Z" j
k" l Z mm
. :
.. . r
c
s t, u "
. r r "Q
l "Q r "Q
r m
j Z
mm
, r Q ,
Q r
, "Q r
r
Z j Z
mm |
} ~ r t
Z" j
k" l Z mm
c r t
s "l Z
m } j Z
mm c
t, " .
r .. .
r
r "Q r "Q
r m
j Z
mm
, r Q ,,
Q r
Z m
t s, r r
} ~ r "
"r j Z
mm

"tU "t
" """ }
~ """
"r j Z
mm

- "r
Er | } ~
"" t

"" -
250
1 - G RR G.
+
, 9
+

D F
G GI
N FO
Q G RR

R Q
R G Q
Z R
G
D F [ 9
+

[
[
a
c
d,
.
Z i D FO
Z d
[ Z

j Z
FRl Q R
Q G Q
l
l , c
l ,

Q Q
R D F
G RR 9 +

[
Q p q
O
i G [
Z i FOl
aG Zl
R
D F R

q
R N q R
- p
D F

[ G
RR
c t t -
Q
q Z u
D F q
Z d

RR
: c
+
R (
GR) D F G GI
+
[
i G RR Z
251
", ,
+ /1 59
> > 1 B
C " "
"F9 + 1
>> ("O) ,
() ()
" "F9 .
() () ()
"F 1 >>
F 9.,
9. F
`
"F9 ..

F B C "
F c F
, C e

F c c ..
.
,
B , h "
> "F 1 >>
F >
"1
F
F c F " e
l B C "F
""
"
"F +
"
F c F cn
, C e

F c c 1
F
> "F +
F >
F c F " e
l B C "F
1 >>
+ 5
"o l C` l
C` -55
> O
> ""
O " > "
" " t
" B
C 1F + u
vF
+ 5 "o
l C` l C`
" 55
l B C
"F + u "/
F
1 >> 5
"o F " l C`
B C "F 1 >>
u c B }
5
" F "Fu
252
1 - 6 == 6.
, " &" , "

* &", " *
"
6 , "
&"
"
&"5
&"5
*
= "
6C D
"5 & = "
&"G I 6
== L
N "
& , U
() = " &
&G . ()
()() " =
G., " =
" G ,
G &" 6 ==
&
&g =
&
i D j k *
&&
" * "
= ,
6 "
&" 5
& k *
= G.,
"
*n " 6 o6p
6= *, &
j &" 6
== , t
" v
" "
5 6p
=
=
" * "
k *
" &x
z 6" 6=
" &
j &" I
, t
(&) ,
&"G
=
"
{ &"
=
"
t &"G
| =
(&) , =
j{ }
z &"G
I 6 ==
L N "
(&)
U() .
()()() =
" G., & &"G
" k *
&&
= &"G
&
g i D j
, &&
253
", ,
"""
K L N L
O
Q
"S O " "

3 V "N 3
V W
3X Y L "" Z
3
L
"
NL L " V
"L a b
"3L cdef K
YgY O Y b
"N L N O L
hgY , ,
("Y) ,
O3" K q
L N " "N
gY "Y
, () ()
Q ()()()
"
3 Y L
L r3L
O "N
, "
W L O
" 3
"
NL L "
V "L 3 OO
b
" " L
h 3
"" u L /"L 3
OO O 3f Kv "d
L 3f "d "O w
"L ("Y)
, YO " ,
YO "
("Y) ,
O "N Y
L N cdf
K q L N
O "N "L
Y "LW 3
" " Y
" YL " W
L O Y
"LW "
O "N L
"L V xd
" "L
L
3O
Y . 3W
O "
"L a
"L 3 OO L
g
"S 3 "e
("Y) ,
254
1 - S II S.
() () ()()()
3 3
< ? @
() ()()()
3D< D I
, D D
,
3D I

ST U<
VI 33 X D I Y
3V Z 3 [ :-
(1) Y
(3a) , aI
3 ,
aI ?
(2) D @ D
I ?
(3) 3

d e f f ?
. I S ZI S I
k I S k
S National
Institution on Drug Abuse U.S.A. Herion

is processed from morphine, a narurally
occurring substance extracted from the seed of

pod of certain varieties of poppy plants
l a
. 3a ,
()
l 3 ,
, S, D S, S,
, S
o, 3 3
l I,
D
Sr 3 3
a I l3
St
. D ()
u r 3 D
33
. SI,
SI S<
3
o l <
aI [ d r a
. D S k

(3a) , ()
u () S o,
3 3 l
I l3
(3a) ,

() lS
3 [ k t
. 33

(3a) ,
U 3 ,
Y D I k
ST U
d Va I (3a)
, .
a 3
u () u ()
Sr 3 3
255
", ,
/ 2 " 7
9; "9; ; (2B)
7 B F ,
HI, ;H 2B
" N, "P B,
" R, S " ,
N
/ 27 [ 2 (
) 7 N, "P B, "
R, S 9;
^ _
. a _
()()
Fe
9; . B2
; "2 R N
H " _B
(";) ,
() h ()
_ "
F" k F, "P
B,

" _Bo ""2

(";) , ()
h () _ "
k R

_ " ,
R 2 "p
. ;2 (";)
, () B
N, "
" F 2
F" ;
, "" "
B ;"
F" 9;
_9 p
;"
; "
F" ^ ^ "p
;" B7u
/ ( ,
".. , .) _w
/ "
" ,
R "R
(";) , ()()
()()()
F ;
. / "
h () ()()()
" "
R "
R p
a

;" B7u
/
/ ;"2
9; " ,
;2 (";)
, " k {7
. R (";) ,
() h ()
. _
/
256
1 - J 00 J.
("%) , %0
"?
" , 0 I
JK L
J
. S0 J 0
V , %
., ? Z[% ,
("%) ,
? `
0 0J" ` b
("%) ,
J %0
[% ? `
0 ("%) ,
0J"
e %
. f () g
() "%j k
Lf
? ` b I
V () g ()

l
Lf , "
" "o e
" "% "? ?
"?p 0[ ? 0?
?
"%j k "
J "" j r
s ? 0 0?
` 0 0 " j
Lft u
[ % "?
[ ? "?p 0[
0? ` 0 J
I L
.
""
v
""
?/
` ? "?p "?
? "?p J

() g ()
"%j k
? 0? % , ?/
` x :
f `
f 0t %
0" ?/ `
b % 0"
"
? 0 """
[ "
"""
u
[
[ I k [
[ I k j
" """ "0t e
{j L I
%0 "% ,
() , v, ?
% 0 0
|[ [% }
} ""
j ~ s
? 0 0? p
e I L %
| " f Lft
? ` %
p
|[ f

257
", ,
*.0 2 7 *
70?
I ( , ".. ,
.) *W
\
] ] """ 2
_ * ` :
" 7
"" \ c """ d
] "
""" \
g \ h i
7
. jk mc c
"\0 j "\2 j
" " j
""
` : p g,
p " . \
" 7
"\0
7
cc \ .
i "0 "
t 7
cc
h ""
\ g .
\ g \ "\2
"\ \ "\2 7
\ "\0
t 7 cc "
\ g j
\ "\2
"\ \ "\2 7
("j) ,
y () "jk
{ j "\
7 "" | j,
"j
cj
""
"\0
h 7} 7"
7~ ""
\2 "

. " \ "\2
j, "\ , j "\
\ g \
"\2 7 , \
"\2 "\ "\0

2
" " \ g
*.0
, ()
y() " "g j
\2 _
7~ " .
\2 \ ` 2

" ` . "
()
" _ j
. "\ c
\ * c h `
h *.
\ c h
"
258
1 - \ ++ \.
! '
+ .
.
.' ' ?
A
+ D F .
H . I !'
. .L D
.N .' !' !
O+ .+
' ,
VF W
'
+
F . + Z+
.' + [ ,
VF W !
+ D D
\
. ,
() . !
fg ! D .N
g .
\hi .j
. ' .'h \
! .'n .
. ' N
' N fgh
! .+
.'h
'n .
.'h
(.!) ,
r ()
. V!
(.!) , ()()
+ j ()()()

D F
V! \ +
' \W .
. u +
(\ w!) .
! + f+ j fg
()() Z
(.!)
, () r ()
. j
.'h
+ .h f+

D \
()() + D
F \
. +, . .'h \
++ y
(.!) ,
r ()
.h ' () ()
() . ' () +
h., (| ) '
~ N
, ..

.
+ .'h
F Z '
+ .'h W '
' .. . W
g
!.
.
. : \ .
259
", ,

-. , 6
:
: .. F
"" :
-CI-
M : : Q
" U
/"U : " Y, "
" . ,
Y U
]^_
]`/U : 6 Y,
.. U "

( .)

260

,

,

,

,

( .)

( .)
17 - , 3. , *

( .)

() .

, ,

( .)
/*,
0
: 34
*79 *,
C
3E/,
0
: 34
FG
*74 F , J
34 *79
, F
0
Q :
QS :
9 W :
..X. G
, :
.X. * *
.X. Z \
. :
**
X ,
*, 0 g
hEi j 3 *Q :
3, ,
, X 7
, ,
n , Xn
,0 3,
3 , 0
3E ,
3E *q, , , Q0 X
0 W Qs Q *9
3E 9 3E
7 , *q, ,
, , 7, ,,
3, 3
, Z
3,9 3 ,
,9 Zv
0 W Q0 0 , w

3 3 9
, 3
261
", ,
;=> ; C
;=> E- EH
L ; " EH O
L OQ O ;L
; L R "
; W ;L
;= L O X
O O L L
OQ O ;L
R ]
^ _ ;
a
"> 5 L
;= L> "
"H H
a "dL
e
] ^ "LQ
"dL L _ "H g

EH
L> ; i "
j L
5 > " W l
"W â
;" "
" W ;
d / -" ;
L 5 â - W
" - â
; - L>
> R
" ; L
] ^ "LQ
L _ "H g
L "L =
""
- ;
> 5 ,
q i L> ;
; "> ;
L> - >
] ^ . .
. L

L> ; L
L L>
/ -" ;
i

">

L
i
W â "
L
] ^ . . .
L
L
;
"" j
L "L "dL L ""

L d EHQ ;..
;H "dL L
" x = EH
L d EH

L ; X
L> EH L>
- O O
L> ; X R
262
17 - ' g. ' 5
# ' - 1
3 5 9
55
5 E E 1
K ' L
L 59' '
E - 5L ' Q
# K 5
1 9
U V 3 59' '
W ' ' X ' Z

'

-3 1
59' ' 5 E -3 5L
' Q 5 Z '
` ' 5'

U
- Z X '
5 -
5 E Z X
' U -3 Z '
59' '
59' '
5 5 Q
- Z X 3
1 . . .
X 5'3
1
'3 f g
1 #h
' ' 1 5
E - 5 E -
Q X '

1 X # 3 9
5 1,
5'i 59' ' 5 E
-3 5L ' E K 1
Q 3
' j ` E K
' g 1
' 9 g.. , ,
, , , , , , , , , , ,
, , , , -3i
5 E -
1 X
-3 Z
# 9
' 9' Z 3
L - o ,
55

E 1 p '
' q
p Z 3 g'
p
E 1 p j - Z
#h '3 /
1 g 5
5
#h
E
Z
E -3 Z ' ' 5
5 E
L , E
- Z 1
() . 1 5 51
' 3
3 # g
3 9 5h L
263
", ,
- - "- "5-
- = A
E G H
"- "5- - K -
- - M M
Q R "- -
G
."...
,
"- "5- - \= -
- G H ]- ^_
= ""
G ""
, "
" - G Q ""

E fg fM
"
" ,
i , . .
G
. ]k "
" G Q ""

"-l^
"5-
-, - -
"
" H M\ "G o
"l G p
"l q

- i "
G Q ""
= \= "
G " " M
"
= p
H " w p
xy "-,
" () |
i ""l
\" " G fQ }
- xy , " M
" \ fQ "
" G Q
= \=l "
"\ H \G

" " H
- = H
"-G \ "pl
"-
\= -l \\ \l
\ "
fg
E o o Q "
"5- E G
- \
H 5 E ol
- - M -
E o M fg
= "
l - o

" ,
5- G
G
\= -l G \ |
"p | , | "p
\ "pl
, | G
\
264
17 - ' W. ' 8
!# ') 0
8 ')
@ A C ' E
8' H 0
K M AN
O P O
A ' !
!# '
8
8
8E
' ZO OP 8
, ' H O
O
Z 8C' ' O
W] Z^ 8N _'
' 8') H
') M H
P
8
O
O
W] A)
N b
8 8
!H 8O EP
2. !H 88 f '
8OO W O ')
' ' '
' W
h8 W
O P
) i W
W8 )
i W !O
!# W ZE 8
W h
b , H , , , , ,
. ' 8
ZE W
!# ' E 0
A W H
3. 8' ' /
OW W ' H ')
O O 0
b 8 H , 8'f
8C' ' ' N

' H 8
H ' P
') H r
H' 8 8# b
H
4. ) C ' W
'
8') 'f
8C' '
C W.. W# M
8 v !#
!#

')
_ _ W
x M

5. N ' 8')
# vO
O ') r W
O !#
' ' 8C' '
8 K M) 8b ' K {
265
", ,
+ 1 <
> A C
D E > G
+ > O
G.. GT U<V
" D U
W U< X
< > O X
] ">
"O> >+ > T
X
"> >
+ b "d e
" X :
X
+
7. ]
< V > "d w "+

xp :
() D + "+
j
"> ><
" X ?
() "
" X"
+ ?
() D U 1
><
D k
dT
m
" G G<
+
() "O> >
1
n
D + j
>
+ p
6. G1
+ D dT dX
"
" ,
+ s . .
. G1
C< v
w, v "
e ..
O G A ""
() D + "+
j ><
A
()
Gu
U ?
() X
" ?
8. A
dX "" + > >
G1 "O> > "> D
+ j VE 1
"" "O>
> + j
" x "
+ " e "e >
x D U<
x G "O> "
d" D + G
e "e + X s
X " p D

266
17 - ' g. ' =
' ' '

. 2 34 5
. <
= > ' ==
.
9. .Q
2 ' 34
5 .
' '
=' ' >
= Y ==
' \
. .
10. Q ' ` a
=Y' ' ' '
= . Y
' f g5a
' > ==
= ' g..
.
' 5 . =Y' '
f ==
= ' .Q >
k ` \ ' 4
==
' , ==
.
== \ ==g

11.
. >
o n n
. n

lr =. .
= s ' r
= =
' .
=
= = s
a r n = s
Q
= '
n l . '
= = n
k s
' g '
=Y' ' u sg'
u
n 'a g
= k2
. n
=Y
Q =
= 'a g
.Q k '
\ 'a g n
= v ,
'a n
k ==

12.
'a ' = ='

o gY 2 g
= g x =
g \ ry
o k z l
u ' =Y'
267
", ,
- (- ) - 5
9 : ->
B F -> G
- - 5 :
M
QR G G
"
13. \ -
- _ - ,
- -
-9 -> G
- 9 -
b _ -9
"d- - :
-9 - g G
Fi "

9 - G
14. _
-> g G
M " l "
"
G g m "
9 B _
9
b
d >
- 9
_

9

-
->
b "
Q , .
. - l
Fi -> M
b 9 G 9 -
Q Q
9 "-
"d- - g "i d
9 "- -
"" Q q>
Q b
b
Q Gq F -
"-> Q b

"d
15. - G -
G " "
-> " l 9
b FQ G 9 -> G
- " "
s 9, t -
G t "
Q Q GG " "- Q
s "> g
G F
u " g F9
Fi - 9
- . Q
. " 5 s d - "
g Gu, , w, 9
9 9 - x
-"""
G " F
9 B
9 " - Q
F9 q
Fi g
9 ""
" 9,
z - u5 "" M
_ " ""G
Q " g Fi
268
17 - P F. P %
! % %
, 5
9 :; ; => %5 9 A
B => %5 E A
FF : M
% => F
P =, => !
% =>
:; A B !
=% 9 A A B,
=> % F
, A
% F P % %
9, A B W X
9 , :; :; Z
, % P =>
%
, B =%
% , %9 % %
A F % =%
, =>% ,
, A ,F%
9 , =
F %
=> 9,
] , A % 5
=% _ , _
% B =>
, B %
> B M B
,
M %, =>
B % 5i id
%j .
M l =>
m! B %
=> ,
B m =>
l ,9

P 5
] 5B
Pd M F
= P
=, u
=> Pd %
m! P
; j
B P
5 w % %
F 5 !
%
A B 5 %
% => %
P P %,
B % M
% 5w
F 5 % P
! 5w % P ! %
=F % B a
,,
=> c !
A F
B
16. P P ! F
. B
, A ]
! % d
9, % ,
17. %P Pd
F , B
269
", ,
- 0 " 9
:; <@ A 0
9 H ,

K
L """
@ A@

18. " : V
K A " "A
Y
[\ ]
Y 9
[\ ` 9 L :
"""a A@ 9 c
. . "e
19. , [ g h
[H " 0
[H : 9 : 9 9
j K " ] g @
K 9 " H H
:a 9<
9 g
:
A
A g l j H g
l :a "
[\ H
`9 "9 H 9
g l V
n """9 9
< "
H p
: o
" g :a
A 9 V9
"@ n
"""9 9 H
: g l 9 h H
c H "e "r "
g A Y g
H H
H" : c 9
9 "e
20. ::@w :@w
n
x H ""
: A
n H
H <
| H < <
n H e HV
:, ()
[\ A
< A " @ :
h V :
"
9 [H H
x ;
"[ n
A "" [
H n H
: [H
n H () :
"r h
[\
n H@
: @ h V
<@ j [H
:@w HV
... , ".. ,
"o "wH
0
0
r
H . A "
270
17 - < 5. < K
% ( +
3 5 .
3 9 ; <
EG
9 ? < <

21. K
(
5P R S
< R V
W
W Y K
3 < R () .
+ W W K`
+ `
b P 5
P R R
S P
3 R
e P 5
R S 5 ? Y 3
E b R 5
K g5h W K`
R, , j R k
3 lW n
K W < lW W
b lW KW
< W W
? p? K? <
EY W 53
22. K j K
W K 3
W (
W ( 3
K<
K`< < r .
K`<W EG
5 <P
5 < K
< 5K <

23. K R uP
l < Kw Kw
% R S K x
< r <

K<P 5
K EG
Kw < x
r V
5 < W ?
p R S
< R S W < p
P V
W 3 V
( Y w K

24. <P V
< 5 W
R u EG
<
< K< K`< < K R
uP Kw < R S W
r P
< % p
R S < 5
W < < `
uP} K R u
<P < K
` p EG
< P `
271
", ,
+ / ,
""
D "+
"
+ G H I J
" D
"
" N O ,
"+
G
D J /
..............................
.. , . ,
"" X Y
HJ DN D
" [ + \
D, "/+ ]
\ ...............................................
.. ""
HJ DN D
" [ _\
D,
\ ...............................................................
.. . .
.. / ""
Y . "/+ +
[" .
.
e
D
DN " _\
f ". ] fg g [" g
\ ...............................................
/"+
G " +
+ .. ""
DG + J. (
) D
.................................................
+ l + "" "
+ \ .............................................
e
N. n
"
" : _ p
&
272

71 Jestha

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

71 Jestha

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats



&'()   , .

Email: info@supremecourt.gov.np, Web: www.supremecourt.gov.np

, [3 8O  2628

30+3 / 5";89S ;,

 : / 01  2345

6BD !6 '738 6793:;<

! 2= >8 / ? 36 4@ 5

6BD 2= >8 / /8 S'4

! 2= >8 / 3+ 185

22'3 ; U3 / 8B5/3'D 6;+7

22'3 ' / 3 S6B2 19'7

22'3 ' / ' !3

K'BJ3 3 J3 / +B

22'3 26W/ / 2675 1'5 J:

'75' ;'/ / >D1;B3 L

;' 2@+T3 / 3 19'7

M"#N : / /6O 0P263

5 a 2  bc3D B7 7

 , ... ... ... ...

b;3DO7 M   , +,, 2.., >L  

#\Y9 58 1B5

 1B5"J  ... ... ...  # , >L ...

5 a 2 8O #\Y9 58 1B5"J

' #TJ !52

#\Y9 58 1B5"J6 0(5

 5 #l ! 0! '/ 2 6 6"#m 2D7';<

;56  p;< 5:6, 8/6]'  #J p

!, 36 ;O, ,6@g f

1 2- 1 3 &

=>> 9: 2- 1?

L - & *;>< 6 1

L  /D * B 

1UW &- #O;N- 1

1Y & *; ; > > -&A

3#W N(  ' B a O

& " B a = :UW ; H

9:&  (Ng 9  $-

 : D

   (  Q- &>-*.

&& B? <

' B1 ' 9c  No?

  .& D>'  9Y& 2

 #;g * D 9$& p_

;F B " X - - *;  6

9Y& # ;'"< D H 

*; ;'"< DM = H B " *;>< 6

; &;u& YH D? '+, 1 

   B '+, 1  :vW

&" B  D3 $- =Q&

; ' B " :vW1 ^   *; H

; H && b'3 '+, 1 

 i ->-?

0   &" B1 9

> B "  _- U #

; -"> 'Q" ( >  &

= :(   iQ " 

 - - i*C

= H: -

&7 &- ' NX  6

iNg fNO  ( B 

$- iNg# F  } ,

9B& X G# I  B1

&'() , .

, [3 8O 2628

30+3 / 5";89S ;,

: / 01 2345

! 2=>8 / ?36 4@ 5

6BD 2=>8 / /8 S'4

! 2=>8 / 3+ 185

22'3 ; U3 / 8B5/3'D 6;+7

22'3 ' / 3 S6B2 19'7

22'3 ' / ' !3

K'BJ3 3 J3 / +B

22'3 26W/ / 2675 1'5J:

'75' ;'/ / >D1;B3 L

;' 2@+T3 / 3 19'7

M"#N : / /6O 0P263

5 a 2 bc3D B7 7

, ... ... ... ...

b;3DO7 M , +,, 2.., >L

#\Y9 58 1B5

1B5"J ... ... ... # , >L ...

5 a 2 8O #\Y9 58 1B5"J

' #TJ !52

#\Y9 58 1B5"J6 0(5

5 #l! 0! '/ 26 6"#m 2D7';<

;56 p;< 5:6, 8/6]' #J p

!, 36;O, ,6@g f

1 2- 1 3 &

=>> 9: 2- 1?

L - & *;>< 6 1

L /D * B

1UW &- #O;N- 1

1Y & *; ; > > -&A

3#W N( ' B a O

& " B a =:UW ; H

9:& (Ng 9 $-

:D

( Q- &>-*.

&& B?<

' B1 ' 9c No?

.& D>' 9Y& 2

#;g * D 9$& p_

;F B " X - - *; 6

9Y& # ;'"< D H

; ;'"< DM = H B " ;>< 6

; &;u& YH D? '+, 1

B '+, 1 :vW

&" B D3 $- =Q&

; ' B " :vW1 ^ *; H

; H && b'3 '+, 1

i ->-?

0 &" B1 9

> B " _- U #

;-"> 'Q" ( > &

=:( iQ "

- - i*C

= H: -

&7 &- ' NX 6

iNg fNO ( B

$- iNg# F } ,

9B& X G# I B1

iQ D3UW &1 #g

='- 9c X EF U ?

X- U' &;u*.&- =N>-& D3

='- => =N(& U>, 2

D =>Q i^ =Q" B " &7

6 =( - ;&

iNg HB" =: *; 6

>'D"& = fNO 9c

9c & =. H? - :

X- . - 9:&

6 -, iNg Q& D3

=:- & o-a B DM

D3 '1 D? &;u

' & B1 B ;U

] , Q " *; >< 6

&? # ; - * H

* D? = &- D3

-m 1 #? Q DM

I ; 3#W W * D #-A

;W WUW D@NP3 Y;I&