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Culture Documents
Chun b cc d
liu cn thit
ca bi ton
M hnh ho
nt
M hnh ho
phn t
M hnh ho
iu kin bin
M hnh ho
vt liu
M hnh ho
mt ct
M hnh cc
giai on thi
cng
M hnh ho
kt cu
M hnh ho
ti trng
T hp ti
trng
Ti trng tnh
-Khai bo ti trng tnh
-Khai bo cc nhm ti trng tnh
(trong cc giai on thi cng)
-Gn ti trng tnh ln kt cu
-Gn ti trng tnh ln cc giai on thi
cng
Ti trng di ng (hot ti)
Tu thuc vo quy nh trong
-Khai bo ln xe
TC thit k s dng m tin
-Khai bo loi ti trng
hnh t hp cc ti trng.
-Khai bo trng hp xe
Vi 22TCN272-05 th xt cc
Ti trng ng
t hp sau:
T hp ti trng cng
1
T hp ti trng cng
2
T hp ti trng cng
3
T hp ti trng cho
TTGH II
T hp ti trng cho
trng thi gii hn III
Kt thc
1.
Xy dng s tnh ca kt cu
1.1.2 V d :
ng sut : [Lc ][chiu di]-2 :
tonf
N
,
...
2
mm
ft 2
M men qun tnh (I) : [chiu di]4 : m4, mm4, ft4 ...
Cc cch m hnh n v tnh trong Midas Civil:
Quan st trn thanh Status gc phi, pha di mn hnh chnh. Ta thy c hai hin th
cc n v hin hnh (trn hnh l kN v m). Ta c th thay i n v trc tip trn mn
hnh bng cch chn vo nt th (option buton) :
. Ta c bn cun ln nh sau :
hng n kt qu.tnh.
1.2.1 La chn h to
phc v qu trnh m hnh ho kt cu, Midas Civil cung cp 4 loi h trc to c bn
sau y:
a. H trc to tng th : GCS
b. H trc to phn t (EGS)
c. H trc to nt (NGS)
d. H trc to t nh ngha (UCS)
Gi cng (Supports)
Gi n hi (Spring supports)
Cch 2 : Trn mn hnh chnh nhn chut phi, chn User Coordinate
System > X-Y plane
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11
12
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thng. Chc nng ny tng i ging vi chc nng Grids trong Auto Cad, tin cho vic
m hnh cc bi ton n gin.
Bc 1 : Gi bng khai bo :
Cch 1: Model -> Grids -> Define Point Grid.
14
Cch 2 : Chn bng cch click vo biu tng Define Point Grid trn thanh Grid and
Snap bar trn mn hnh:
Bc 2 : Khai bo
Ti phn Grid Spaces (dx,dy), ta khai bo khong cch gia cc im thuc h thng li
theo phong x v phng y.
Tai phn Model Boundary ta khai bo bin ca h thng li theo th t (x1,y1,x2,y2) vi
(x1,y1) l to im u ca bin hnh ch nht, (x2,y2) l im cui ca bin hnh ch
nht).
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Khi khai bo Line Grid, ta phi tin hnh khai bo tng nhm ng thng mt theo
phng x v phng y. Line Grid cho php khong cch gia cc ng trong li c
linh ng hn Point Grid, tuy nhin, khai bo cng tn cng hn.
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To nt : Create node
Xo nt : Delete node
Merge : ng nht nt
Mirror : to nt i xng
renumbering : nh s li nt
mn hnh chnh nhn chut phi, chn Create Node trong bng hin ra.
b. Sau khi gi, chc nng to nt xut hin bn tri mn hnh nh sau :
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Nhn vo icon
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Copy : Cho php ng thi to nhiu nt cch nhau nhng khong nh trc
Times of Copy : s ln copy nt
Distances (dx, dy, dz) : Khong cch gia cc nt to thnh theo phng
x,y,z.
Duplicate Nodes :
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20
chut tri chn cc nt cn iu chnh trc tip trn mn hnh. Ch rng cng c Select
Single cho php chn c nt v phn t, do , nu chn Nt ring th nn chn theo cch
th 2.
Trn mn hnh chnh nhn chut phi, chn Nodes -> Translate
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Trong bng, cc option v Start Node Number, Merge Duplicate Nodes, Copy Node
Attributes, Intersect Frame Element c chc nng v cch nhp thng tin ging nh
ni trong chc nng Create Node.
Option Mode cung cp 2 la chn l
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Renambering : nh s li nt
Trn mn hnh chnh nhn chut phi, chn Nodes -> Nodes Table
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Vt liu (Material)
Mt ct (Section)
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25
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Gap
thay i)
nh ngha
Dng phn t ni 2 nt, c kh nng chu ko, nn, un, ct v xon.
Cc thng s ca phn t
Vt liu (Material)
Mt ct (Section)
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Theo dy mng
Thick : tm dy
Thin : tm mng
Theo s nt
p dng
Phn t tm c th c dng m hnh ho bn mt cu.
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Vt liu tm (Material)
dy tm (Thickness)
Create Elements
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(v d vi =0 v =600)
Xc nh thng qua im tham chiu (Ref.point)
Nhp vo to ca im tham chiu, Midas s t ng
tnh hnh chiu trn mt phng Y-Z ca gc to bi im ,
gc ta v trc Z ca gc to , ly lm gc
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Delete : Xo phn t
Mirrow : Ly i xng
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Intersect
Renumbering : nh s li phn t
Dng mt ct ( ct Property)
Gc nh hng mt ct ( Angle)
Lc ko trc (Tension)
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Bng cch qun l phn t qua bng nh vy, ta c th kim sot c cc c trng ca
phn t, c th thay i hoc sa cha cc c trung phn t mt cch trc tip trn Bng
qun l ( Element Table)
loi vt liu : 2
loi mt ct : 4
Hp thoi Properties, chn mc Material, nhy nt Add..., xut hin hp thoi sau:
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Ti dng Type of Design: chn loi vt liu v chn cc tiu chun k thut v vt
liu tng ng mc bn phi ( Steel hoc Concrete)
Nhy OK
Standard> ASTM;
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DB> A36
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To phn t.
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Cch 2:
-
Sau khi to xong ton b s ca kt cu, dng chc nng ko th (Drag and
Drop) gn vt liu cho tng phn t.
Ch :
Chng trnh Midas cn h tr vic m hnh cc vt liu thay i theo thi gian.
y l mt tin ch phc v vic phn tch cc giai on thi cng ca 1 cy cu nhp ln khi
xt n co ngt v vng di hn, hay khi phn tch tch cht thu nhit ca mt kt cu c
c trng vt liu thay i theo thi gian (c bit l vt liu Btng)
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nhanh > RC
Normal or rapid hardening cement: Ximng thng hoc ximng ng
cng nhanh> N,R
Slow hardening cement: Ximng ng cng chm > SL
-
Nhn OK
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39
1.4 Khai bo v mt ct
1.4.1 Nhp, qun l c trng mt ct cho cc phn t dng ng
thng (Section)
Cc dng phn t dng ng thng bao gm
Truss, Tension-only, Compression-only, Cable, Gap, Hook, Beam Element
Nhp trc tip trong qu trnh m hnh phn t : xem Create Element
Sau khi gi chc nng nhp mt ct, chng trnh hin ra bng nh sau :
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Ti y ta nhn vo
modify : sa i mt mt ct c sn.
Delete : Xo mt ct c.
Renumber : nh s li mt ct.
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(ch I, ch C, ..)
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Cc kch thc ca mt ct
im tham chiu
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45
cch nhn vo
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PSC : Mt ct hp b tng.
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Nhn nt
minh ho v tr gc ca mt ct
Nhn nt
mt ct, xut hin hp thoi sau
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49
v d hnh trn,
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Sau khi gi, bng u vo ca menu Tapered Section Group hin ra bn tri mn hnh
nh sau :
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Nhy Close.
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Hoc trn Tree Menu bn tri mn hnh, chn mc Geometry\ Boundary\ Beam
End Release...
Xut hin hp thoi:
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4
5
Trnh t nh sau:
1. Model\ Boundary\ Beam End Release
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My = 0
Mz = 0
Hoc chn nt
5. Chn phn t s 2
6. Nhn nt Apply
7. Chn phn t s 3.
Ti ct i- Node: chn
My=0
Mz=0
Hoc chn nt
8. Nhn nt Apply.
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Hoc trn Tree Menu bn tri mn hnh, chn mc Geometry\ Boundary\ Rigid
Link...
Xut hin hp thoi:
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Hoc trn Tree Menu bn tri mn hnh, chn mc Geometry\ Boundary\ Node
Local Axis...
Ti mc Options: c 2 la chn:
- Add/ Replace: to mi hoc thay th h to nt 7 nh ngha cho nt c
chn.
- Delete: xo h to nt 7 lp ti nt c chn.
Ti mc Define Local Axis: la chn phng php lp h to a phng ti nt
c chn.
Ti dng Input Method: c 3 la chn
- Angle: h to a phng ca nt c chn c lp trn c s 3 gc xoay:
about x: gc xoay quanh trc X ca h to GCS
about y: gc xoay quanh trc y- l trc quay quanh trc X.
about z: gc xoay quanh trc z- l trc quay quanh trc X v trc y
- 3 points: h to a phng ti nt c lp trn c s 3 im.
P0: nhp to im gc ca h to a phng ca nt
P1: nhp to mt im bt k trn trc x ca h to a phng ca nt
P2: nhp to ca mt im bng cch dch chuyn t im P1 v song
song vi trc y ca h to a phng ca nt.
- Vector: h to a phng ca nt c lp trn c s 2 vector
V1: vector theo phng ca trc x, bt u t im gc ca h to a
phng ca nt.
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Gn nhm kt cu
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14
g1
5@4
75
120
6@3.5
4@3
12
K0
4@3
6@3.5
5@4
K13K14K15
K1 K2 K3 K4K5 K6 K7 K8 K9 K10 K11K12
5@4
6@3.5
4@3
12
K0
4@3
6@3.5
5@4
Hl3
Hl1
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14
g2
Hl2
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Trong mc Stage:
- Name (nhp tn ca giai on thi cng cn to) : CS1
- Duration( nhp khong thi gian ng vi giai on thi cng ) : 7 (days)
Trong mc Save Result:
Stage: lu li kt qu theo giai on thi cng
Addtional Steps: lu kt qu theo cc bc trong giai on thi cng.
Nt Current Stage Imformation: xut bng m t cc thng s v nt, phn t,
nhm iu kin bin, nhm ti trng c gn cho giai on thi cng.
Addtional Steps: khai bo cc bc thi cng trong tng giai on thi cng. Trong
mt giai on thi cng, khi nhm kt cu v nhm iu kin bin l khng thay i
th chc nng Addtional Steps cho php nh ngha cc nhm ti trng tc dng thay
i theo thi gian v cc ti trng ph.
V d trong qu trnh thi cng c hng mt t dm, c nhiu ti trng tc dng ti
cc thi im khc nhau ln cng mt nhm kt cu vi cng mt nhm iu kin bin trong
cng mt giai on thi cng. n gin cho qu trnh m hnh ho, thay v chia giai on
thi cng mt t dm thnh nhiu giai on thi cng tng ng vi tin thi cng, chng
trnh Midas/ Civi h tr chc nng khai bo Addtional Steps trong cng mt giai on thi
cng. Gi thit thi gian thi cng mt t dm l 7 ngy, thi gian chun b gm di chuyn
xe c, lp dng vn khun, ct thp, lp t ng cha cp l 3 ngy, thi gian btng l
4 ngy. Nh vy, khong thi gian t gia bc chun b v btng l 3 ngy. Do
Additional Steps c gn l 3 ngy.
- Days: khong thi gian tng ng vi mi mt bc thi cng trong mt giai
on thi cng. N c th hin trong la chn Active Day v Deactive Day
trong Load Tab.
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Trong mc Stage:
Name: nhp tn ca giai on thi cng
Suffix: nhp s lng cc giai on thi cng c to ng thi theo th t 1 ti n (c th b
qua)
Duration: khong thi gian ng vi giai on thi cng
Addtional Steps:
Day: khong thi gian ng vi cc bc thi cng trong mt giai on thi cng.
S ngy ny s c gn vo trong mc Active Day v Deactive Day trong hp thoi
Compose Construction Stage.
Add: nhp khong thi gian tng ng vi tng bc thi cng vo pha di ca Step list.
Modify: thay i s ngy tng ng vi bc thi cng c chn trong mc Step list.
Delete: xo bc thi cng c chn trong Step list.
Clear: xo tt c cc bc thi cng c trong Step list.
Auto Generation: t ng pht sinh nhiu bc thi cng.
Nhp s bc thi cng vo mc Step Number v nhn Generate Steps. Tng khong thi
gian c nhp trong Duration s c chia u cho s bc theo m hnh logarit.
Trong mc Save Result:
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Nhn Apply.
V d khai bo cho giai on thi cng t K2 nh sau :
Load\ Construction Stage Analysis Data\ Define Construction Stage...
Chn Add
Hin ra bng sau :
Nhn vo Boundary Tab : ta khng phi nhp cc nhm iu kin bin cho CS2 v nhm
iu kin bin ca CS2 l ging vi giai on trc .
Nhn vo Load Tab : Nhp cc thng s nh trong bng sau :
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Stage : CS 1.
Load/ Self Weight
Load Case Name> SW
Load Group Name> SW
Self Weight Factor > Z (-1)
Nhn Add
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Fz (-800)
My (1600)
My (-1600)
My (1600)
My (-1600)
Fz (-800)
Fz (-800)
Fz (-800)
Ch :
Cc ti trng ny c th d dng nhp trong MCT Command Shell trong mc
CONLOAD.
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Select BOM outputs > Beam-Truss Element BOM type 1: phn loi phn t ng theo
s hiu phn t, s hiu mt ct v s hiu vt liu
Nhn OK.
Xut hin bng thng k vt liu sau:
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Fz (-1022)
My (1022*1.5)
My (-1022*1.5)
My (1022*1.5)
My (-1022*1.5)
Fz (-1022)
Fz (-1022)
Fz (-1022)
84
Add: to loi cp mi
Modify: thay i cc c trng ca loi cp c chn
Delete: xo loi cp c chn.
Close: ng hp thoi.
Khi chn nt Add (hoc Modify), xut hin hp thoi sau:
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Tendon Type
Tendon Name: nhp tn cp > TC
Tendon Type: loi cp d ng lc
Cc la chn:
Internal (Pre-Tension): cp d ng lc trong (ko trc)
Internal (Post-Tension): cp d ng lc trong (ko sau)
External (Post-Tension): cp d ng lc ngoi (ko sau)
Chng trnh h tr hai loi cp tao 7 si xon: 12ly7 (0.5) v 15ly2 (0.6) bng cch nhy
vo nt
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2.3.7.2 Khai bo ng b tr cp
Load\ Prestress Loads\ Tendone Profile...
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Add: to mt b cp mi
Modify: thay i cc thng s ca b cp c chn
Change Property...: thay i cc c trng ca mt hay nhiu b cp c chn
mt cch ng thi.
Khi nhp vo xut hin hp thoi:
Delete: xo b cp c chn
Copy: to ra mt b cp mi ging vi b cp 7 c to ra trc .
Move: di chuyn b cp 7 c to ra trc
Distance: nhp cc khong cch theo cc phng cn copy
Khi nhy vo nt Add hoc Modify, xut hin hp thoi:
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89
90
Nhn OK.
2.3.7.3 Gn ti trng d ng lc
Ti trng d ng lc c ln lt gn cho cc giai on thi cng khc nhau.
Sau y, ch hng dn cch gn cho giai on thi cng 1 ( c xong t K0)
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Selected Tendon
Stress Value:
Stress: nhp gi tr d ng lc theo ng sut
Force: nhp gi tr d ng lc theo lc ko.
Chn Stress.
1st Jacking: End
Begin : > 0
End >1330000 kN/m2
Grouting: after (1) (bm va 1 ngy sau khi cng cp)
Nhn nt Add.
Tng t gn d ng lc cho cc cp khc theo giai on thi cng.
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Trong mc Moving Load Code: chn mt tiu chun bt k t danh sch s xung.
Trong v d ang xt, ta chn tiu chun hot ti l ASSHTO LRFD
2.4.1.2 Khai bo ln xe
Load\ Moving Load Analysis Data\ Traffic Line Lane
Xut hin hp thoi.
93
Add: nh ngha mt ln xe mi
Modify: thay i mt s tnh cht ca ln xe c chn.
Delete: xo mt ln xe c chn
Copy: to mt ln xe mi ging ln xe c chn.
Khi nhy vo nt Add (hoc Modify) xut hin hp thoi sau:
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Nt Add: to mt nhm xe mi
Modify: iu chnh nhm xe c chn
Delete: xo nhm xe c chn.
Khi nhy nt Add (hoc Modify), xut hin hp thoi Vehicle Class Data:
Khai bo cho nhm xe 3 trc v ln :
99
Ti dng Vehicle Class Name: nhp tn nhm ti trng cn nh ngha > Xe 3 trc
&ln
Trong ct Vehicle Load, chn loi xe 7 c nh ngha trong danh sch v nhn
nt
: HL-93TRK
Nhn OK.
Lm tng t, ta khai bo c nhm ti trong : xe 2 trc + ln
100
S ln cht ti
H s ln
1.2
0.85
>3
0.65
101
102
(phai1)
Nhn OK.
Ch : Trong Midas, cn h tr chc nng xc nh cc gi tr m men m ln nht v phn
lc ln nht trn tr trong cu lin tc bng cch gn v tr gi cn xc nh.
Load\ Moving Load Analysis Data\ Lane Support-Negative Moment at Interior
Piers.
Load\ Moving Load Analysis Data\ Lane Support-Reations at Interior Piers
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3 T hp ti trng
Trnh t t hp ti trng:
T Menu Result\ Combination...
C 4 loi t hp ti trng
General: t hp cc THTT n v v phn tch kh nng khai thc hoc kt qu phn
tch khng theo mt tiu chun thit k no.
Steel Design: t hp ti trng thit k cc cu kin thp theo cc tiu chun k
thut v thp.
Concrete Design: t hp ti trng thit k cc cu kin btng theo cc tiu
chun k thut v btng
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Qun l kt qu thu c
106
Menu Query: c chc nng xem nhanh cc thng s ca kt cu (nt, phn t, ti trng...)
107
Query Nodes: kim tra cc thng tin v nt bao gm s hiu nt, to nt v cc thuc tnh
ca nt.
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Ta c
109
110
111
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( Xt mt ct u phn t 1038)
5.5 Mt s phng php xut file kt qu di dng text hoc hnh v (Bng
cc lnh Export, Print...)
Xut kt qu dng Text (Text Editor)
Chn Font v kh giy
View\ Configure...
Page Split
Trnh by tiu trang
File\ Header &Footer Setup...
nh trang in
File\ Page Setup...
Xem trang in
File\ Print Preview
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