CLEANER PRODUCTION

TECHNIQUES (2-1)
ENE - 431
Instructor: Dr Zahiruddin Khan,
Associate Professor-IESE
1

COURSE OBJECTIVES

TO LEARN TO UNDETRTAKE ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF

BUSINESSES AND INDSUTRIES AND PROVIDE SIMPLE SOLUTIONS
FOR IMPROVEMENT

TO LEARN AND APPLY CLEANER PRODUCTION TECHNIQUES

TO UNDERSTAND THE COMPONENTS OF ISO 14001 SYSTEM AND

HOW TO IMPLEMENT THEM.
2

ENE-431-20123 Course Outlines

Wee
k
1
2

Lecture Topic
Course Objectives , outline, Grading Policy
Steps in environmental management
Environmental assessment & sustainable
development
Environmental Assessment & Storm-water Issues
Environmental Assessment & Management in SMEs : Case
Studies
National Environmental Legislation Review of PEPA 1997
& Factory Act 1934
Basic concepts in Cleaner Production Carbon Footprints,
Green Offsets, Green Productivity, Carbon credits, CDM
Basic concepts in Cleaner Production : The Triple Bottom
Line
Barriers and drivers of Cleaner Production
OHT-1 -Monday
Phases in Cleaner Production

ENE-431-2013: Course Outlines

Week

Lecture Topic

Equipment Specific CP Options

10

Environmental Audits: Types and Extents

Environmental Risk Management
Term paper Topics
Developing Wastewater Treatment Scheme for
Industry
OH-2-Friday
Field Trip
Physico-chemical Treatment of Industrial
Wastewater
Introduction to ISO 14000
ISO 14000 Clauses , sub-clauses and Documents
Self Implementing ISO 14000
Cleaner Production and ISO 14000
Students Presentation and Term papers
4
Final Exam

11

12

13
14
15
16
17

GRADING POLICY

Exam-1:
Exam-2:
Exam-3:
Term paper
Assignments
Quizzes

15%
15%
40%
10%
10%
10%

Delayed Assignments One point per day deduction after the

deadline
Missed Quizzes: No make up Quizzes

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT

ENVIRONMENT
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
COMMON ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES OF SMALL
BUSINESSES
EDUCATION & ASSESSMENT PROTOCOLE
SOLUTIONS TO COMMON POLLUTION ISSUES
SOLUTIONS TO INDUSTRY SPECIFIC ISSUES
CASE STUDIES

ENVIRONMENT

IT IS A COMPLEX MATRIX OF
SOCIAL, PHYSICAL,
ECOLOGICAL, ECONOMICAL
AND CULTURAL FACTORS
THAT AFFECT OUR LIVES
DRIRECTLY OR INDIRECTALY
AND THUS RESHAPE OUR
LIFESTYLE

STEPS IN ENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENT
Environmental Review
Environmental Assessment
Cleaner Production
ISO 14001 Certification

08/03/15

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT

WHAT IS IT ???
REVIEW OF THE Env. IMPACTS OF
BUSINESS OPERATIONS

TYPES

INDUSTRY SPECIFIC
CATCHMENT SPECIFIC
GEOGRAPHICAL AREA SPECIFIC
PROJECT SPECIFIC
DEPARTMENT SPECIFIC

STEPS IN ENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENT

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT

08/03/15

VOLUNTARY
REQUIRED FOR APPROVAL OF DEV APP
ANNUAL REGULATORY REQUIREMENT
FOR IEE OR EIA DEVELOPMENT

10

ENV ASSESSMENT CORE VALUES

INTEGRITY
The process should conform to accepted
standards and principles of good practices

UTILITY
The process should provide balanced, credible
information for decision making

SUSTAINABILITY
The process should provide environmentally
sound development

08/03/15

11

ENV. ASSESSMENT - TYPES

SECTOR BY SECTOR

Textile sector, Tanning Sector, Automotive etc.

GEOGRAPHICALLY BOUND

For example North Zone only

CATCHMENT BY CATCHMENT

LICENSED OR NON-LICENSED

08/03/15
ESTATE BY ESTATE

12

SUSTAINABLE DEVDLOPMENT

Sustainable development means handing down to future generations not only

man-made capital, such as roads, schools and historic buildings, and human
capital, such as knowledge and skills, but also natural/environmental capital,
such as clean air, fresh water, rain forests, the ozone layer and biological diversity.

The Brundtland Report identified the following chief characteristics of

sustainable development:

maintains the quality of life,

maintains continuing access to natural resources and
avoids lasting environmental damage.
means living on the Earths income rather than eroding its capital (DoE et al. 1990). In addition to a
concern for the environment and the future, Brundtland also emphasizes participation and equity,
thus highlighting both inter- and intra-generational equity

(UN World Commission on Environment and Development 1987]

Sustainable Development
Env.
Ass. & Edu.

Government
Sciences
And
Social Policy
Sustainable
Resource
Utilization Development Legs.
Edu.
Education
Industry

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Development that meets the needs of the present without
compromising the ability of future generations to meet their
own needs
ESD- Using, conserving and enhancing the communitys
resources so that ecological processes, on which life
depends, are maintained and the total quality of life, now & in
future can be increased
MAJOR PRINCIPLES:

The precautionary principle

Intergenerational equity
Improved Evaluation & pricing of environmental values
Conservation of Biodiversity & Ecological Integrity

ENV. ASSESSMENT
AREAS OF CONCERN

Legislative requirements
Water pollution (Water; WW; Storm. W)
Air quality controls
Noise pollution
Waste management
Storage of oils and chemicals
Spill management
Fire Protection
PPE

08/03/15

16

ENV. ASSESSMENT - PRINCIPLES

Sound legislative base
Clearly defined objectives, procedures and
scope of assessment
Incentive to motivate the subject business
Problem specific and decision specific
Measurable directions
Follow-up

08/03/15

17

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT

OBJECTIVES - in general
Raising environmental
awareness
Identifying existing & potential
sources of pollution
Educating about current
legislation & penalties

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT-steps

Pre-assessment self
evaluation
Appointment
Supporting &
promotional information
Walk & talk
Observe & ask

Assignment #1

Due 1 week from Today

Using the given environmental assessment checklist as a

guideline, develop your Research Project Groups checklist for one
of the following businesses:
Auto-body repair shop
Furniture factory
Private Medical Centre
An Engineering Workshop
A roadside restaurant
Cafeteria - Across the road from IESE
Chemistry and biotech Labs of IESE
A service station with tyre shop

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT
Water Related ISSUES

WATER
Overuse

Trade Wastewater
Pre-treatment

Trash basket
Oil-water separation
Grease trap
Sedimentation basin(s)
Physico-chemical Treatment

Trade Waste Permit

On-site re-use eg. CAROMA Australia

The Grease Trap

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT
Water Related ISSUES

Stormwater Pollution
Open air business
activities

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT
Water Related ISSUES

Stormwater Pollution
Chemical Drum
storage

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT
Water Related ISSUES

Stormwater Pollution
Storage of oily and
greasy matter

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT
Water Related ISSUES

Stormwater Pollution
Oil and chemical
storage

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT
Water Related ISSUES

Stormwater Pollution
Sealed, bunded and
covered storage

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT

Air Pollution Issues

Burning
Dust
Emissions, Fumes and
Odor e.g., Petrol Station.
Refrigerant Gases

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT
Air Pollution Issues
Spray Painting and
Powder Coating
Agricultural Odors

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT

Noise Pollution Issues

Air compressors
Cutting & grinding
Hammering
Machinery noise

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT

Waste Management Issues

Waste reduction at source
Waste segregation and recycling
Coordinated Reuse

Cardboard, Sludge

waste reconditioning
Radiators, batteries,
Electric motors, drums, pallets

Composting

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT Housekeeping Issues

Purchasing policies
Material Storage & Disposal
Drums & Pallets Disposal
Agricultural Waste and
Materials Storage & Disposal

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT
Land Pollution Issues

Underground Storage
Dangerous Goods License

Leakages and spills

Fluid Transport - Spill Kits

Storage

Storage - Safety cabinet

Chemical storage safety checklist

DO:

Check MSDSs before storing or removing a chemical.

Organize storage areas so chemicals dont have to be taken through
areas containing incompatibles.
Keep at least 18 inches between stored materials and sprinklers36
inches if youre storing very flammable material.
Close containers as soon as youve removed quantities you need.
Wear the correct protective equipment when handling hazardous
chemicals.
Use bonding and grounding connections on flammable-liquid drums
and small receptacles during transfer.
Identifying chemicals and storage

41

Chemical storage safety checklist

Transport acid bottles in carriers, not by hand.

Clean up even the smallest leaks promptly and properly.
Check containers regularly for leaks or wear and report any
problems immediately.
Check containers regularly to see if any are outdated or never
used.
Check how chemicals can be disposed of properly.
Report any container that doesnt have a label.
Keep packing materials such as straw or paper in a fire-resistant
room equipped with a sprinkler system.
Keep the work area clean, neat, and dust-free.

Chemical storage safety checklist

DONT:

Take more from a hazardous chemical container than you need for the job.
Use or remove anything from a container that doesnt have a label.
Store hazardous chemicals near heat or strong sunlight; they might
expand and cause a fire or explosion.
Stack materials so they block exits, firefighting equipment, alarms, or sprinklers.
Smoke anywhere near the storage area.
Siphon by mouth.
Mix chemicals with each other or with any substance (even water!) without
specific instructions to do so.
Mix acids and water.
Leave used flammable liquids containers near heat sources.
Identifying chemicals and storage

43

Quiz-1: 27th Feb 2012

What are the four stages of environmental

management in industry?
What are the core values of environmental
assessment. Write one line for each.
Write four principles of sustainable
development?
What are major areas of concern in Env. Ass.
What are the principles of Env. Ass.

What is a material safety data sheet?

MSDS tells:
what chemicals are in the product,
what the hazards of the chemicals are,
how to protect yourself from the hazards.
Employees should:
understand the significance of the information in a MSDS
analyze the information
read the information prior to working
adhere to the guidelines
check if unsure
Employer should
train employees
make MSDS accessible
maintain archive
make somebody responsible
Identifying chemicals and storage

45

Material Safety Data Sheet

Identifying chemicals and storage

46

Content MSDS
Sections 1-10 (required by law in USA)
Chemical product and company Information
Composition/information on ingredients
Hazards identification
First aid measures
Fire-Fighting measures
Accidental release measures
Handling and storage
Exposure control and personal protection
Physical and chemical properties
Stability and reactivity
Identifying chemicals and storage

47

Content MSDS (continued)

Sections 11-16 (optional in USA)
Toxicological information
Ecological information
Disposal considerations
Transport information
Regulatory information
Other
Identifying chemicals and storage

48

MSDS not needed for:

hazardous waste
tobacco or tobacco products;
wood or wood products, including lumber
food or alcoholic beverages
any drug, as that term is defined in the Federal
Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (over-the-counter
drugs, first aid supplies)
And others

Identifying chemicals and storage

49

Aceton
information

properties
hazards
Hazards
prevention

fire aid

symptoms
Health
prevention

first
aid
labeling

disposal /
storage
remarks
Identifying chemicals and storage

50

Material safety data sheets

(as an example: Acetone, continued)

The way the chemical enters the

body,

Inhalation

The legal limit allowed in the air

750 ppm

If the chemical is a carcinogen

No

Precautions for safe use of the Use with adequate

hazardous chemical,
ventilation, keep
Identifying chemicals and storage

away from open

52
flame

Material safety data sheets

(as an example: Acetone, continued)

Exposure control methods,

including personal protective equipment,
Emergency and first aid procedures,
The date the MSDS was prepared or
revised,
Name, address and phone number of the
person responsible for the
information in
Identifying chemicals and storage
the MSDS.

Wear
respirator,
rubber gloves
Eyes: flush
with water for
15 minutes
1996
John Doe 1234
Via Appia
Rome, Italy 53