TP CH KHOA HC V CNG NGH, I HC NNG - S 2(37).

2010

NGHIN CU S DNG TM TN THP NH HNH CA

BLUESCOPE STEEL TRONG SN LIN HP THP B TNG
A STUDY ON THE USE OF THE FORMED STEEL SHEETS BY BLUESCOPE
STEEL FOR STEEL CONCRETE COMPOSITE FLOORS

Phm Vn Hi

Hunh Minh Sn

Trng i hc Xy dng

Trng Cao ng Cng ngh, i hc Nng

TM TT
Bi bo trnh by kt qu nghin cu cu to v s lm vic ca tm thp nh hnh
trong sn lin hp, c bit l vai tr, tc dng ca tm thp nh hnh va lm cppha vnh
cu va lm ct thp chu ko trong sn lin hp. lm c vai tr , ti nghin cu v
xc nh cc yu cu v tnh cht c hc ca vt liu lm tm thp nh hnh trong sn lin hp
theo tiu chun Eurocode 4 (Chu u). Tc gi xut la chn tm tn nh hnh ca
Bluescope steel c ch to Vit nam s dng thi cng sn lin hp. Bi bo gii thiu
phng php tnh ton thit k tm tn thp nh hnh thuc loi cu kin thp thnh mng theo
tiu chun Eurocode 3 (Chu u). Kt qu nghin cu s ng gp hon thin quy trnh thit
k nhm gp phn thc y vic ng dng sn lin hp thp b tng vo thc t xy dng
Vit Nam.
ABSTRACT
The article presents the study on the results of a particular structure and action of the
formed steel sheets in composite floors, especially, their role and the use as both permanent
frameworks and tension steel. This article is also concerned with the study and requirement
specification of mechanical characteristics for the materials of formed steel sheets in composite
floors in accordance with the Eurocodes 4 (European standard). The authors have made a
suggestion in choosing Vietnam-made Bluescope formed steel sheets in the construction of
composite floors. Furthermore, this article also presents a method for designing formed steel
sheets as thin wall steel structures conformed to Eurocodes 3 (Euro). The results of this study
can make a contribution to the improvement of the designing process in view of enhancing the
application of composite floors to the construction work in Vietnam.

1. t vn
S pht trin ca sn lin hp thp - b tng c s dng tm thp dp ngui l
mt bc ngot v kh nng cnh tranh trong xy dng cc nh cao tng dng khung
thp. Vic s dng tm thp nh hnh dp ngui nh mt vn khun vnh cu th khng
mi, song dng n nh mt ct thp chu ko th ch c pht trin mt cch y
trong nhng nm gn y. Tm thp nh hnh c vai tr quan trng gp phn nng cao
hiu qu ng dng cho sn lin hp v nhiu phng din vt liu, kt cu v thi cng.
Do l cu kin thp thnh mng, li phi chu ti trng v cc tc ng ngay t giai
73

TP CH KHOA HC V CNG NGH, I HC NNG - S 2(37).2010

on thi cng v s dng nn tm thp nh hnh cn c tnh ton kim tra v bn, v
n nh cc b v vng. Trong iu kin chng ta cha c tiu chun v kt cu lin
hp cng nh kt cu thp thnh mng, cn nghin cu chn tiu chun ph hp mi
ng dng c trong iu kin thc t Vit Nam.
2. Ni dung
2.1. Tng quan v kt cu sn lin hp thp b tng
2.1.1. c im cu to ca sn lin hp thp b tng:
Sn lin hp c cu to
gm cc thnh phn: Lp btng
Phn sn b tng chu nn
ti ch trn tm thp nh hnh
Dm ph
v li thp. Tm thp nh hnh
Ct thp
ng vai tr nh cp pha y cho
h sn khi b tng cn t. Khi
b tng pht trin t n cng
Dm ph
cn thit, lc ny lp b tng
Hnh 1. Cu to sn lin hp thp b tng
pha trn s lm vic ng thi
vi tm tn thp nh hnh hnh thnh nn kt cu sn lin hp. Ct thp s c b tr
ti nhng tit din cn thit chng nt cho b tng. Sn lin hp c th c bi
h dm bn di hoc c gi ln tng. Tm thp c b tr sao cho phng ca
sn tm thp vung gc vi trc dm hoc gi nh Hnh 1. Cch b tr ny s phn
phi ni lc tt nht gia cc cu kin. Lin kt gia sn b tng v tm thp c gi
bng cc dng neo, cht hay cc mu dp ni trn b mt tm thp c kh nng chng li
s trt dc v ngn nga s tch th ti mt tip xc.
2.2. u nhc im ca sn lin hp thp b tng
Pht huy s lm vic lin hp ca tm thp v bn b tng hoc gia sn lin
hp v dm thp hnh. Nh , gim c chiu dy sn v tit din dm thp hnh; kh
nng vt nhp v cng ln hn; bin dng nh hn 20-30% so vi tit din khng
lin hp. To cc rng b tr ng k thut, gim tit din kt cu sn v dm nn
gim c chiu cao tng. Kh nng vt nhp v bc ct ln nn khng gian linh
hot...C ng khi thi cng, c th lp ghp khung thp sn sau thi cng song song
cc sn khc. S dng c cc phng php thi cng hin i (lp ghp; vn khun
trt ...).
Tuy nhin, sn lin hp i hi cht lng vt liu cao; vic tnh ton phc tp
hn sn b tng ct thp thng do s lm vic lin hp v lin kt phc tp. i hi
cng ngh hin i nn loi sn ny t hiu qu cao khi kt hp khung thp, khung lin
hp nh cao tng (>30 tng); dng cho sn c kch thc hai phng chnh lch nhiu.
74

TP CH KHOA HC V CNG NGH, I HC NNG - S 2(37).2010

2.3. S lm vic v cc trng thi ph hoi ca sn lin hp thp b tng

S lm vic
lin hp xut hin khi
sn bao gm tm
thp, ct thp sn v
b tng ng cng
( c ) Neo u sn
( a ) Lin kt c hc
lin kt to thnh mt
cu kin duy nht.
ng vai tr nh ct
thp trong sn th tm
thp khng c c
( b ) Lin kt bng ma st
( d ) Lm bin dng u sn tm t
chuyn v dc trc so
vi b tng tc l
Hnh 2. Cch to lin kt gia tm thp v b tng trong sn lin hp
phi c kh nng
truyn lc trt dc ti b mt tip xc gia tm thp v b tng (gi l lin kt hon
ton). Ngc li l lin kt khng hon ton. Lin kt c c l nh: Lin kt c hc to
ra bng cc cch nh: Gia cng (dp ni hoc chm) b mt tm thp hoc to cc l
nh (kch thc ln m bo b tng c th lp y); Lc ma st gia b tng v tm
thp ph thuc b mt tip xc; Neo ti u sn bng chi tit lin kt gn cht trn tm
thp (cht hn, thp gc hn, neo...) c kh nng chu ct theo phng dc;
Sn lin hp c th b ph hoi theo cc dng sau:
- Dng ph hoi I (Tit din 1) Ph hoi do mmen gia nhp: Xy ra vi sn
nhp ln.
- Dng ph
hoi II (tit din 2
dc ln chiu di
trt Ls): Ph hoi do
trt dc khi t kh
Hnh 3. Cc tit din ph hoi cu sn lin hp
nng chu lc gii
hn ca lin kt gia tm thp v sn b tng
- Dng ph hoi III (tit din 3): Ph hoi do trt ngang ti cc gi di tc
dng lc ct. Xy ra khi sn c nhp nh nhng dy v chu ti trng
- S ph hoi sn lin hp c th xy ra theo mt trong hai trng hp sau:
Ph hoi do: Bin dng khi ph hoi ln, c du hiu ph hoi c th nhn bit
(vt nt).
Ph hoi gin: Bin dng khi ph hoi nh, xy ra t ngt.
Kh nng xy ra trng hp no l ty thuc tnh cht lin kt gia thp v b
tng. ti xut to g, l v b tr cc neo trn tm thp sn khng b ph
hoi dn.
75

TP CH KHOA HC V CNG NGH, I HC NNG - S 2(37).2010

2.4. Chn tiu chun thit k sn lin hp

European Codes (vit tt EuroCodes hay EC) l b tiu chun thng nht chung
cho cc quc gia Chu u v kt cu xy dng gm 8 tp trong EuroCodes 4 l phn
tiu chun v kt cu lin hp c nghin cu xy dng cng phu, hin i, k tha
cc kt qu nghin cu ca cc nc tin tin (Anh, Php, c...). Hin nay, do Vit
Nam cha c tiu chun thit k kt cu lin hp m ch c tiu chun kt cu b tng
ct thp (TCXDVN 356:2005) v tiu chun kt cu thp (TCXDVN 338:2005), ti
xut s dng tiu chun Eurocodes 4 tnh ton sn lin hp thp b tng. Trong
thi gian n, h thng tiu chun thit k nc ta cng s chuyn dch theo hng tip
cn h thng ny.
3. Nghin cu la chn tm thp nh hnh trong sn lin hp
3.1. S lm vic v tc dng ca tm thp nh hnh
- Vai tr ca tm thp nh hnh trong sn lin hp thp b tng l rt quan trng
v c bit: Khi thi cng, tm thp nh hnh s ng vai tr ca sn cng tc, cc ti
trng thi cng nn cho php thc hin cc cng vic bn di. Khi btng, tm thp
nh hnh c tc dng nh mt vn khun vnh cu cho btng cn t (khng cn lp
dng v tho lp); tit kim cppha v thi gian tho lp v nhn cng. Khi lm vic
lin hp, tm thp nh hnh ng vai tr nh ct thp lp di ca sn. Do , tm
thp c tc dng nh ct thp chu ko, lm gim thi gian lp t ct thp; gim 30%
lng b tng, tit kim vt liu, gim trng lng bn thn v kt cu phn trn v
mng.
- Tm thp nh hnh c th b ph hoi ngay trong giai on thi cng v cng
hay vng qu gii hn cho php. Mt khc tm thp cng c th b ph hoi khi
cng lm vic vi sn b tng trong giai on s dng.
3.2. Yu cu vt liu ch to sn lin hp theo tiu chun Eurocodes 4
- Chiu dy sn (h): T 10 n 40
cm v > 8cm. Nu sn lm vic lin hp
vi dm hoc c s dng nh vch
cng, h>9cm v chiu dy cnh (hc)>
50mm. Chiu dy phn b tng (hc) trn
sn tn > 40mm. Nhp sn: T 2 n 4
m v t ti 7 m khi c thanh chng. Gi
ta sn c b rng > 75mm vi dm thp
hay dm b tng; > 100mm khi l tng
gch, .
Hnh 4. Tm thp nh hnh trong sn lin hp

- Vic la chn vt liu lm tm

thp nh hnh trong sn lin hp Vit Nam cn chn cc loi tn tho mn cc yu
cu ph hp vi Tiu chun Chu u EN 10147, c th nh sau:
76

TP CH KHOA HC V CNG NGH, I HC NNG - S 2(37).2010

+ V cng : Cc gi tr tiu chun ca gii hn n hi ca vt liu thp

(fyp) t 220 n 350 N/ mm2; gii hn chy > 220 N/mm2. B dy tm thp khng nh
hn 0,75mm. Phi tun theo tnh cht n hi do vi mun n hi Ea = 210 kN/
mm2.
+ V chng n mn v phng g: Mi mt cn c bo v chng n mn bi
mt lp km dy khong 0,02 mm (m km nng); c th sn thm lp b sung sau m
km.
- Da trn yu cu trn trong iu kin Vit Nam, ti xut s dng tm tn
nh hnh ca Bluescope steel (Cng ty hng u ca c v thp thnh mng ti Vit
Nam) lm tm thp nh hnh trong sn
lin hp. Loi tn ny tho mn cc
tnh cht c l v hnh hc nu trn
nh: Gii hn n hi ca tn sng l
300 N/mm2. B dy t 0,75 n 1,5
mm. Mt ct dy 40 n 80 mm. Tn
sng c m km hai mt nn chng
g v chng n mn kh hiu qu. Tm
tn c th c b tr theo hai phng:
+ Phng ca sn vung gc
vi dm ph l cch b tr cho php
phn b ni lc tt nht gia cc cu
kin v c cng tng th ln nht;

Hnh 5. Tm tn nh hnh ca Bluescope steel

+ Phng ca sn song song vi dm ph. Cch ny khng c li v s chu

lc ca dm ph v sn s chng cho nhau trong khi cng li nh.
4. Tnh ton thit k tm tn sng trong sn lin hp thp b tng
4.1. Tnh ton b rng hiu dng tm tn theo tiu chun Eurocode 3 (Chu u)
- V tm tn c chiu dy mng nn
lm vic nh cu kin thnh mng trong
vn mt n nh cc b ca tit din chu
nn cn c xem xt n. Khi chu nn, s
dng khi nim "b rng hiu dng" ngha
l ch c mt phn tit din hiu dng tham
gia chu nn vi ng sut phn b u so
vi ton b tit din th. Khi tnh ton, chia
tm tn sng thnh nhiu phn t tnh b
rng hiu qu theo cng thc: beff =.bpi

Hnh 6. B rng hiu dng phn t phng

(: H s gim b rng c tnh theo Eurocode 3) i vi cc phn t tn sng thnh

mng chu nn. Vi nhng phn t tn sng chu ko, ton b b rng l hiu dng.
77

TP CH KHOA HC V CNG NGH, I HC NNG - S 2(37).2010

nu pd > 0,673

(1)

pd : mnh tit din di tc dng ca com: pd = 1,052

bp

com

Ek

pu : mnh cho php ng vi gii hn chy fy: pu = 1,052

bp

fy

Ek

(2)

(3)

com = c .a; (c: ng sut nn hiu dng. Ln u tnh vi ton b tit din,
sau tnh lp cho n khi tm c tit din hiu dng). k: H s n nh = 4,0.
(1) l s pht trin ca cng thc Winter v p dng cho tn sng. <1 v =1

ch khi pd 0,673 (ton b l hiu dng). Kt qu tnh c tit din hiu dng ca
tm tn sng bng tng ca cc tit din hiu dng thnh phn. Mmen qun tnh hiu
dng l tng cc mmen qun tnh thnh phn ca tng phn t thnh mng ca tm tn
sng.
4.2. Trnh t tnh ton kim tra tm tn sng ca Bluescope steel theo tiu chun
Eurocode: Tm tn phi chu ti trng trong qu trnh thi cng v trng lng b
tng t
Bc 1: Xc nh ti trng trong giai on thi cng: bao gm:

- Trng lng b tng t v tm tn;

- Trng lng cng nhn v trng lng thit b b tng c k n s va
chm hoc s rung ng trong qu trnh thi cng;
- Ti trng do vt liu lu tr tm thi: Phi k n vo ti trng thi cng trc
khi b tng t n cng .
- Ti trng ph thm ca b tng do tm tn b vng: Phi k n khi kim tra
tm tn v sn lin hp (tng chiu dy b tng b li vng tn)
(b)

(a)

(c)

(b)

(b)

3000

(a)

(c)

3000
Mmen trn gi ta

Mmen gia nhp

(a)

Ti trng thi cng 1,5 kN / m2

(b)

Ti trng thi cng 0,75 kN / m

(c)

Trng lng bn thn

a) c m men m nguy him nht

b) c m men dng nguy him nht

Hnh 7. S cht ti ln tm tn sn lin hp trong giai on thi cng

78

(b)

TP CH KHOA HC V CNG NGH, I HC NNG - S 2(37).2010

Bc 2: Xc nh ni lc: p dng phng php phn tch n hi tuyn tnh.

V tm tn sng l cu kin thnh mng (tit din loi 4) b mt n nh cc b ngay
trong giai on lm vic n hi. Ni lc ti cc tit din c th c xc nh khi xem
cng tit din khng i dc theo chiu di tm tn; b qua s thay i cng do
mt n nh cc b thnh ca tm tn ti nhng vng chu nn. Mmen qun tnh do
s c tnh vi ton b tit din ngang ca tm tn.
Bc 3: Tnh ton kim tra tm tn theo trng thi gii hn (TTGH):
Trong qu trnh thi cng, khi btng cn t th tm tn thp lm vic nh cp
pha cho h sn. Tnh ton tm tn cn n tc dng ca cc thanh chng sn tm
thi (nu c). Ngoi ra, cn k n tc dng ca cc g n kh nng chu lc v c
trng tit din ngang ca tm tn. Tm tn thp nh hnh c kim tra tnh ton trong
giai on thi cng, khi m btng cn t v cha t cng yu cu. Vic tnh ton
kim tra c tin hnh theo Eurocode 3 v cng , vng c th s dng bin
php thi cng khng cn ct chng. Khi sn nhp ln, s dng bin php chng tm m
bo kh nng chu lc, cng nh hn ch vng ca sn trong giai on thi cng.
a. Tnh ton kim tra tn sng khi thi cng theo TTGH v cng

Kim tra mmen trong tm tn khng vt qu mmen gii hn v cng :

M Rd = f yp

Weff

ap

(3.11)

b. Tnh ton kim tra tn sng khi thi cng theo TTGH v s dng:
Vic tnh ton vng tm tn sng c thc hin bng cch ly mmen qun
tnh dng ca tit din hiu dng. vng tm tn chu ti trng phn b u cht cch
nhp c tnh theo cng thc:

=k

1
5
p.L4
384
EI eff

(3.12)

L : Nhp ca tn bng khong cch gia cc gi.

k : H s ph thuc s chu ti ca sn.
Khi tnh ton theo trng thi gii hn v s dng, vng ca tn di trng
lng bn thn tn cng vi trng lng b tng t (tr ti trng thi cng) phi nh
hn hoc bng L/180 hoc 20mm. Nu vng ln hn L/250 hoc 20mm th phi tnh
n hiu ng tng chiu dy b tng khi tnh ton tm tn thp. vng s gim nhiu
nu dng cc thanh chng tm thi (c coi nh cc gi ta).
5. Kt lun

1. Vai tr ca tm thp nh hnh trong sn lin hp thp b tng l rt quan

trng v c ngha c v kt cu v thi cng, gp phn nng cao hiu qu v tnh cnh
tranh ca sn lin hp thp b tng. xut la chn s dng tm tn sng nh hnh
79

TP CH KHOA HC V CNG NGH, I HC NNG - S 2(37).2010

ca Bluescope steel (c nhng c trng c hc cn thit c kim chng sau khi

quy i tng ng gia tiu chun TCXDVN 356:2005 (Vit Nam) vi tiu chun
Eurocodes 4 (Chu u)) lm tm thp nh hnh cho kt cu sn lin hp p dng ti
Vit Nam.
2. S lm vic lin hp gia tm tn sng nh hnh v bn b tng l rt phc
tp cn c tnh ton v cu to hp l m bo mi lin kt cht ch gia chng
sn lm vic nh mt th thng nht. xut s dng bin php neo u sn bng cc
lin kt cht hn khi thi cng tm tn sng.
3. Vic tnh ton tm tn sng c th s dng tiu chun Eurocode 3 (Chu u)
tun theo cc nguyn tc ca cu kin thp thnh mng. Cc c trng hnh hc ca tm
tn sng cn c tnh ton da trn b rng hiu dng bng phng php tnh lp theo
ng sut lm vic ca tm tn sng.
4. Thit lp quy trnh tnh ton kim tra tm tn sng theo trng thi gii hn
bao gm c giai on thi cng cng nh khi s dng theo iu kin cng v
vng. Kt qu cho thy tm tn sng ca Bluescope steel c tnh cht c hc v c
trng hnh hc cn thit lm tm thp nh hnh trong sn lin hp.
TI LIU THAM KHO

[1] Phm Vn Hi, Kt cu lin hp thp b tng. Nh xut bn Khoa hc v K thut,

H Ni - 2005.
[2] Hunh Minh Sn, Nghin cu cng ngh sn lin hp thp b tng ng dng trong
cc cng trnh nh cao tng th - Bo co tng kt ti khoa hc cng ngh
cp B, m s B2008-N-06-04, 2009
[3] TCXDVN 356: 2005 - Kt cu b tng v b tng ct thp. Tiu chun thit k.
[4] Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures, Part 1-1: General rules and rules for
buildings, 2004
[5] Eurocode 4: Design of composite steel and concrete structures.
[6] on nh Kin, Thit k kt cu thp thnh mng to hnh ngui, Nh xut bn
Xy dng, 2005.
[7] Hancock, Gregory, Desigh of cold-formed Steel structures to Australian/New

Zealand Standard AS/NZS:4600), Australian Institute of Steel Construction 1998.

80