Unit 2 Matter

Subatomic Particles

Atomic Number

Isotopes

Mass Number

Average Atomic Mass

States of Matter

Kinetic energy of each state

Properties:
Arrangement of
Particles

Solid:

Liquid:

Gas:

1) Orderly
2) Closely Packed

1) Disorderly
2) Less closely
packed than a solid.

1) Disorderly
2) Very far apart

Attractive forces
between particles:

Very Strong

Strong

Very weak

Kinetic energy of
particles:

Very Low

Low

High

Vibrate and rotate

About a fixed position

Slide over each other

Move about at great

speeds.

Particle Motion:

Changes in State

Thermal Energy/Heat/Temperature
a. Thermal Energy the total amount
of kinetic and potential energy of
an object.
b. Heat the movement of thermal
energy from hot to cold. Heat
always moves from hot to cold.
c. Temperature the average kinetic

Physical Properties

Physical vs. Chemical Properties

Physical Change vs. Chemical Change

Change in shape

Change in identity of the substance - rust

Physical Changes

Chemical Changes

Evidence of Chemical Change

precipitate

Gas formed

Color change

Energy change

Exothermic vs. Endothermic

Exothermic reaction heat is released,

becomes hot

Endothermic reaction
- heat is absorbed,
becomes cold

Law of Conservation of Mass