OXFORD CAMBRIDGE AND RSA EXAMINATIONS Advanced Subsidiary GCE ocr PHYSICS A 2821 Forces and Motion ‘Thursday 18 JANUARY 2001 Morning 1 hour 30 minutes Candidates answer on the question paper. Addtonal materials Electronic ealulator Candidate Candidate Name Centre Number Number TIME 1 hour 30 minutes INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES: ‘+ Write your name in the space above. + Write your Centre number and Candidate number in the boxes above. + Answer alll the questions. * Write your answers in the spaces on the question paper. * Read each question carefully and make sure you know what you have to do before starting your answer. FOR EXAMINER'S USE INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES. Gu. | Max. | Mark * The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. 1 W + You will be awarded marks for the quality of written communication 2 | 13 where this is indicated in the question. + You may use an electronic calculator. 3 | * You are advised to show all the steps in any calculations. 4 12 5 13 6 14 7 13 awe | 4 TOTAL} 90 This question paper consists of 12 printed pages. $88 (SMB) ATS5E2/6 OCR 2001 [urn overData speed of light in free space, permeability of free space, Permitivty of free space, elementary charge, the Planck constant, unified atomic mass constant, rest mass of electron, rest mass of proton, molar gas constant, the Avogadro constant, gravitational constant, acceleration of free fall, c= 8.00x 108 ms" Hy = 40 x 10-7 Hm = 8.85 x 10-2 Fr e= 1.60x 10-90 h=6.63x10- Js U= 1.66 x 10°27 kg 9.11 x 1071 kg My = 1.67 x 10-77 kg R= 8.31 JK molt Ny = 6.02 x 102° mol~! G= 6.67 x 10- Nm? kg? g=9.81 ms?Formulae uniformly accelerated motion, refractive index, capacitors in series, HC =1C,+1Cy+... capacitors in parallel, C=C,+Op4... capacitor discharge, x= xeon pressure of an ideal gas, p= Net radioactive decay, X= Xe it; = 0.693 tical density of 8H2 critical density of matter in the Universe, Pp = ses relativity factor, yev-4) ¢ current, T= nAve nuclear radius, r=5al® sound intensity level, IL=10lg (7) lo. at ero: [urn over1 4 (@) Distinguish between scalar and vector quantities. 2) (b) Fig. 1.1 lists a number of physical quantities. Put a (/) in the box next to the quantities that are vectors, r acceleration density energy power velocity Fig. 1.1 {3} (0) Fig. 1.2 shows a force of 6.0N acting at 30° to the horizontal. horizontal Fig. 1.2 Calculate the component of the force that acts (horizontally, horizontal component (i) vertically. vertical component 2 Fer Examsly (@) Fig. 1.3 shows two strings supporting an object of weight 12N. The tension in one of the strings is 6.0N. The tension in the other string is T. 6.0N object horizontal (J) Calculate the magnitude of the vertical component of the tension Tin order for the object to be in equilibrium. vertical component ical (ii) Hence calculate the magnitude of T. magnitude of T 2) ane [urn over2 (@) Define acceleration. (2) 30 vim st 5 15 10 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 tg Fig. 2.1 () Forthe time interval t= 40s to 100s, calculate 1. the acceleration of the train, acceleration 2. the distance travelled by the train. distance 5) (ii) Calculate the distance travelled by the train during its acceleration from rest to 25 ms~, distance .. (2) 2 Jot7 (ill) "Calculate the journey time that would be saved if the train did not stop at the station but continued at a constant speed of 25ms~1. time saved ... 4] 3 (@) Define density. () A paving slab has a mass of 45kg and dimensions 50mm x 600mm x 600mm. Calculate the density of the material from which it is made. density .. co) (ii) Calculate the maximum pressure the slab could exert on the ground when resting on one of its surfaces. maximum pressure. Pa [4] Twelve slabs, identical to that described in (b), are to be stored on soft ground. Discuss whether less damage would be caused to the ground if the slabs were ‘stored next to each other on their smallest surface or in ‘one pile on their largest Surface. (You will be awarded marks for the ‘quality of written communication in this Part of the question.) [3] ‘0 sat [urn over4 8 {@) In. downhill ski race the total distance between the start and the finish is 1800m. The total vertical drop is 550m. The weight of a skier (including his equipment) is S00N and | the time of his descent is 655. (i) Calculate the average speed of the skier for the race. ms [2] average speed (il) Calculate the loss of gravitational potential energy of the skier. loss of gravitational potential energy (2) (b) The average resistive force acting against the skier is 250N. (I) Caloulate the work done against this resistive force. work done .. 2) If the skier does no work, calculate 1. his kinetic energy as he passes the finish, kinetic energy « m | 2. his speed as he passes the finish. speed . 3] (lll) State whether in practice the final speed of the skier is likely to be greater or less than the value calculated in part (ji)2. Explain your answer.(@) Define centre of gravity. (b) Define moment of a force. [2] (©) Fig. 5.1 shows a student being weighed. The student, of mass 50kg, stands 0.30m from end A of a uniform plank of mass 8.0kg and length 2.0m. The plank is pivoted 0.50m from end A, and an object of mass 5.0kg is moved from end B until the plank balances, Fig. 5.1 ()_ On Fig. 5.1, draw and label the forces acting on the plank. (21 (ti) Show by using the principle of moments that the 5.0kg mass must be placed 0.30™m from end B in order for the plank to balance. 4] (iii) The arrangement shown in Fig. 5.1 has a maximum mass that it can determine. ‘Suggest two changes that can be made to the arrangement to increase this maximum possible mass. Explain your answers. 1 (3) 2 ot [Turn over10 (@) Define @ di) ) @ w €) @ qi) stress. strain .. {2 Distinguish between elastic and plastic behaviour when materials are stretched. Define elastic limit. State the SI unit of the Young modulus. unit... Describe, with the aid of a diagram, an experiment to determine the Young modulus of steel in the form of a wire. Explain how to use your readings to obtain the Young modulus. (You will be awarded marks for the quality of written communication in this part of the question.)" [urn over12 (@) () (You will be awarded marks for quality of written communication in this question.) Explain the terms thinking distance and braking distance when describing the stopping distance of a car. (2) (b) When a car collides with an obstruction, an air bag may be triggered. (Explain how the air bag may provide protection for the driver. (il) State and explain one other design feature of a car that may give protection to the driver in such circumstances. 2] Quality of Written Communication [4]