8 cc tuyn ng Tr ln

Phn ny m t cch RPL pht hin ra v duy tr cc tuyn ng hng ln. N m t vic s
dng cc thng tin DODAG Objects (Dios), cc ip c s dng pht hin v duy tr cc
ng bay. n ch nh cch RPL to v p ng Dios. N cng m t DODA, Thng tin mi
thu (DIS) thng ip, c s dng kch hot Truyn DIO. Nh cp mc 3.2.8, cc
nt rng quyt nh tham gia mt iu khon DODAG PHI t nht mt DODAG cha m nh
l mt tuyn ng mc nh cho cc V d lin quan. Tuyn ng mc nh ny cho php
mt gi tin n c chuyn hng ln cho n khi n cui cng truy cp mt t tin chung
t m n s c chuyn i xung n ch. Nu cc ch khng trong DODAG, sau vo
th mc gc DODAG c th chuyn tip cc gi tin bng cch s dng kt ni vi bn ngoi
ca cc DODAG; nu n khng th chuyn tip cc gi tin bn ngoi, sau vo th mc gc
DODAG phi th n. Mt tin nhn DIO cng c th vn chuyn thng tin nh tuyn r rng:
DODAGID: Cc DODAGID l mt a ch IPv6 ton cu hay a phng c o ca root.
Mt nt tham gia mt d DODAG nn mt tuyn ng chuyn thng qua mt ph huynh
DODAG n a ch c s dng bi cc gc nh DODAGI, RIO Prefix: Cc gc TH t
mt hoc nhiu ty chn Route Thng tin trong mt tin nhn DIO. RIO c s dng
qung co bn ngoi con ng c th truy cp thng qua cc gc, lin kt vi mt u
tin, nh trnh by trong phn 6.7.5, trong kt hp RIO t [RFC4191]. N c hiu nh
l mt kh nng ca gc nh tri ngc vi mt qung co nh tuyn, v n cm c phn
phi trong mt giao thc nh tuyn mc d n nn c s dng bi mt s xm nhp inh
tuyn cua RPL chn mt DODAG khi mt gi c tim trong mt min RPL t mt nt
gn vo b nh tuyn RPL. Mt chc nang mc tiu C TH s dng cc tuyn ng
qung co ti RIO hoc u tin cho nhng tuyn ng ng h mt DODAG so vi mt
s khc cho cng mt v d.
8.1. Quy tc c c ca DIO
1. i vi cc lnh vc c s ca DIO , mt nt ci m khng phi l mt DODAG gc ch
khng phi l qung co gi tr ging nh DODAG m a thch ca mnh (Quy nh ti mc
8.2.1). Bng cch ny, cc gi tr ny s tuyn truyn Down the DODAG khng thay i v
c qung co bi mi nt s c mt con ng m gc DODAG. Nhng lnh vc
nh sau:
1. Grounded (G)
2. Phng thc hot ng (MOP)
3. DAGPreference (PRF)
4. Version
5. RPLInstanceID

6. DODAGID

2. Mt nt TH cp nht cc trng sau ti mi hop:

1. Rank
2. DTSN

3. Cc lnh vc DODAGID mi b r phi l duy nht trong khong cch ca RPL v phi
l mt a ch IPv6 c th nh tuyn thuc h thng gc
8.2. S khm ph cc inh tuyn tr ln v s duy tr ca n
Khm ph cc inh tuyn tr ln cho php mt nt tham gia vo mt DODAG bng cch
khm ph nhng g lin quan ci m thuc thnh vin ca DODAG quan tm v xc nh mt
t ca cha m. Cc chnh sch chnh xc cho vic la chn cc nc lng ging v cha m l
thc hin ph thuc v thc y bi s OF. iu ny gp phn xc nh tp cc quy tc cc
chnh sch phi tun theo kh nng tng tc.
8.2.1. Hng xm v ph huynh trong mt phin bn DODAG
Cc thut ton pht hin ng hng ln RPL v ch bin trong iu kin ca ba b hp l
ca cc nt link-local. u tin, cc ng c vin hng xm tp l mt tp hp con ca cc nt
m c th t c thng qua cc mi gn kt multicast a phng. Vic la chn cc thit
lp ny l thc hin v OF ph thuc. Th hai, cc m t l mt tp hp con b hn ch
ca ng c vin hng xm t. Cui cng, ph huynh a thch l mt thnh vin ca tp cha
m l a thch cc bc k tip trong tuyn ng hng ln.
V mt khi nim, cc ph huynh a thch l mt ngi m c thn; mc d, n c th l
mt tp hp ca nhiu ph huynh nu cc bc cha m l nh nhau a thch v c Rank ging
ht nhau.
Chnh xc hn:
1. nhng b DOAG PHI l mt tp hp con ca cc ng c vin CA CC B ln cn.
2. Mt DODAG gc phi c mt DODAG m ci m l tp hp cc kch thc bng khng.
3. Mt nt khng phi l mt gc DODAG c th duy tr mt ph huynh tp
DODAG kch thc ln hn hoc bng mt.
4. M ci nt u tin phi l thnh vin ca DODAG

5.Mt nt RANK phi c ln hn tt c cc yu t ca n DODAG b ph huynh.

6. Khi Neighbor Unreachability Detection (NUD) [RFC4861], hoc mt c ch tng ng,
xc nh rng mt ngi hng xm khng cn kt ni, mt nt RPL KHNG PHI xem xt
nt ny trong ng c vin hng xm thit khi tnh ton v cc tuyn ng qung co cho n
khi xc nh rng n l mt ln na th truy cp. Tuyn ng qua mt ngi hng xm khng
th truy cp phi c loi b khi bng nh tuyn.
Nhng quy nh ny m bo rng c mt phn th t nht qun trn cc nt trong DODAG.
Chng Ranks nt khng thay i, sau trn nguyn tc m bo rng con ng ca mi nt
mt gc DODAG l tip vng min ph, nh Rank gim trn mi hop vo th mc gc.
Cc ng c vin c th hng dn ca ngi hng xm tp v thit lp la chn cha m, nh
tho lun trong [RFC6552]
8.2.2. Hng xm v ph huynh qua cc phin bn DODAG
Cc quy tc trn cai tr mt DODAG bn duy nht. Nhng quy nh trong ny gp phn xc
nh cch hot ng ca RPL khi c nhiu DODAG Cc phin bn.
8.2.2.1. DODAG Version
1. Cc tuple (RPLInstanceID, DODAGID, DODAGVersionNumber) duy nht nh ngha mt
bn DODAG. Mi phn t ca DODAG m ca mt nt tp hp, nh c truyn t bi cc
tin DIO nghe cui cng t mi DODAG cha m, phi thuc v DODAG cng bn. Cc yu t
ca mt ng c vin hng xm set nt ca TH thuc DODAG khc nhau ca cc phin bn.
2. Mt nt l mt thnh vin ca mt bn DODAG nu mi phn t ca DODAG m tp hp
thuc v m DODAG bn, hoc nu nt l gc r ca DODAG tng ng.
3. Mt nt PHI KHNG gi Dios cho phin bn DODAG trong n khng phi l
mt thnh vin.
4. DODAG r TH increment DODAGVersionNumber rng h qung co v do di
chuyn n mt DODAG Version mi. Khi mt DODAG gc s gia DODAGVersionNumber
ca n, n phi thc hin theo cc c ca Serial Number Arithmetic nh c m t
trong Mc 7. S kin gy ra s tng ca DODAGVersionNumber s c m t trong phn
ny v trong Mc 18.
5. Trong thi hn mt DODAG a ra, mt nt l mt khng phi l mt gc khng phi
qung co mt DODAGVersionNumber cao hn so vi mc cao nht
DODAGVersionNumber mnh nghe. Cao c nh ngha l ln hn iu hnh ti mc 7.
6. Khi mt nt c qung co mt bn DODAG bng cch gi mt DIO, n

KHNG PHI l mt thnh vin ca mt DODAG bn trc ca cng mt

DODAG (tc l, vi RPLInstanceID cng, cng DODAGID, v mt thp hn
DODAGVersionNumber). Thp c nh ngha l qu t iu hnh ti mc 7.
Khi ph huynh DODAG thit lp tr nn trng rng trn mt nt khng phi l mt
gc, (Tc l, cha m cui cng c g b, gy ra cc node khng cn c lin kt vi
DODAG ), sau cc thng tin DODAG nn khng b n p cho n khi ht mt
implementation- gi a phng c th. Trong khong thi gian trc khi n p "c" nh nc
DODAG, cc nt s c th quan st nu cc DODAGVersionNumber c tng ln nn bt
k bc cha m mi xut hin. iu ny s gip bo v chng li kh nng ca cc vng c
th xy ra nu nt l v tnh ti gia nhp DODAG c Phin bn trong chnh trc ph
DODAG ca n.
Khi DODAGVersionNumber c tng ln, mt DODAG Version mi ly lan l ra t gc
DODAG. Mt ph huynh rng qung co mi DODAGVersionNumber khng th thuc v cc
tiu DODAG ca mt nt qung co mt DODAGVersionNumber c. Do , mt nt c th
thm mt cch an ton mt ph huynh ca bt k Rank vi mt DODAGVersionNumber mi
hn m khng to thnh mt vng. V d, gi s rng mt nt li mt DODAG
vi DODAGVersionNumber N. Gi s rng mt nt c mt tiu DODAG v lm c gng
u c rng ph DODAG bi qung co Xp hng ca INFINITE_RANK, nhng nhng
qung co c th tr thnh b mt trong LLN.
Sau , nu cc nt quan st mt qung co ng c vin hng xm
c mt v tr trong DODAG gc ti DODAGVersionNumber N, l
ng c vin hng xm c th c th c c trong tiu cu ca nt
DODAG, v c mt trng hp c th, thm ng c vin ngi hng xm l mt ph
huynh c th gy ra mt vng lp. Trong trng hp ny, nu ng c vin hng xm l
quan st qung co cho mt DODAGVersionNumber N + 1, sau l ng c vin hng xm
chc chn l an ton, v n l nht nh khng phi l ch nt gc ca tiu DODAG, v n
c c th tng DODAGVersionNumber bi nghe t DODAG gc trong khi nt gc
c tch ra. V l do ny, n l hu ch cho cc nt tch ra nh DODAG gc thng tin, bao
gm c cc DODAGVersionNumber N.
Chnh xc khi gia s mt gc DODAG cc DODAGVersionNumber l thc hin ph thuc
v ra khi phm vi cho c im k thut ny. V d nh incrementing
DODAGVersionNumber nh k, khi can thip hnh chnh, hoc pht hin cp ng dng cc
kt ni b mt hoc DODAG km hiu qu.

Sau mt nt chuyn tip thnh v qung b mt DODAG Version mi, quy tc trn lm cho
n khng th qung co trc DODAG Version (DODAGVersionNumber trc) mt khi
n cam kt qung b mi DODAG Version.
8.2.2.2 ng. DODAG Roots
1. Mt DODAG gc khng c kh nng p ng cc application-Mc tiu c xc nh
KHNG PHI thit lp cc bit Grounded.
2. Mt DODAG gc PHI qung co mt Rank ca ROOT_RANK.
3. Mt nt c DODAG m tp rng C TH tr thnh gc DODAG ca mt DODAG ni.
N cng c th t DAGPreference ca n nh vy m n t a thch.
Trong trin khai c s dng cc lin kt khng LLN lin hip mt s LLN r, n c th
chy trn RPL nhng lin kt khng RPL v s dng mt router nh mt "xng sng root".
Cc gc xng sng l gc r o ca DODAG v phi by mt Rank ca BASE_RANK trn
xng sng. Tt c r LLN c parented cho rng gc r xng sng, bao gm c cc ng
trc gc nu n cng phc v nh l gc LLN thn, phi by mt Rank ca ROOT_RANK n
LLN. Nhng r o l mt phn ca cng mt DODAG v qung b cng DODAGID. H phi
hp DODAGVersionNumbers v cc thng s DODAG khc vi th mc gc o trn xng
sng. Phng php phi hp l ra khi phm vi cho c im k thut ny (c xc nh
trong tng lai ng thng s k thut).

8.2.2.3 S la chn ca DODAG

Nhng chc nng khch quan v tp hp cc s liu nh tuyn qung co v

hn ch ca mt DAG nhm xc nh cch mt nt chn tp hng xm ca mnh,b cha m,
v cha m a thch. La chn ny cng ngm xc nh DODAG trong vng mt DAG. La
chn ny c th bao gm s thch hnh chnh (PRF) cng nh cc s liu hoc khc cn nhc.
Nu mt node c cc ty chn tham gia mt DODAG a thch hn trong khi vn t c
mc tiu ti u ha khc, sau nt s thng ui vic tham gia DODAG a thch hn theo
quyt nh ca OF. Tt c khc bng nhau, n l tri vi vic thc hin xc nh DODAG
c a thch nht (v, nh mt li nhc nh, mt nt ch phi tham gia mt DODAG mi RPL
Instance).
8.2.2.4. Rank v Phong tro trong mt Version DODAG

1. Mt nt PHI KHNG qung co mt Rank t hn hoc bng bt k thnh vin cha ca

n t trong Version DODAG.
2. Mt nt TH qung co mt Rank thp hn so vi qung co trc y ca n trong
phin bn DODAG.
3. Hy L l Rank thp nht trong vng mt bn DODAG rng mt nt cho trc c
qung co. Trong cng mt phin bn ca DODAG , nt khng phi qung co xp hng
hiu qu cao hn so vi L + DAGMaxRankIncrease. INFINITE_RANK l mt ngoi l cho
quy tc ny:mt nt TH qung co mt INFINITE_RANK trong mt Version DODAG khng
hn ch. Nu Rank ca mt nt l s cao hn cho php bi L + DAGMaxRankIncrease, khi
qung co Rank, n PHI qung co Rank ca n nh INFINITE_RANK.
4. Mt nt MAY, bt c lc no, la chn tham gia mt DODAG khc nhau trong mt
khong cch ca RPL. Nh mt tham gia khng hn ch Rank, tr khi DODAG khc nhau l
mt bn DODAG trong nt ny c trc y c mt thnh vin; trong trng hp ,
cc quy tc ca cc trang trc n (3) phi c quan st thy. Cho n mt nt truyn mt
DIO ch thnh vin DODAG mi ca n, n phi chuyn tip cc gi tin dc theo DODAG
trc.
5. Mt nt MY, bt c lc no sau khi nghe DODAGVersionNumber tip theo qung co t
cha m DODAG ph hp, la chn di chuyn n cc nt tip theo phin bn DODAG
trong DODAG.
V mt khi nim, mt thc hin c duy tr mt ph huynh tp DODAG trong phin bn
DODAG. Phong tro i hi phi thay i cho DODAG b ph huynh. Di chuyn ln khng
trnh by cc ri ro to ra mt vng lp nhng di chuyn xung c th, v vy hot ng l
i tng thm hn ch.
Khi mt nt di chuyn n phin bn tip theo ca DODAG , nhng DODAG cha me( gc)
cn phi c xy dng li vi phin bn mi. S thc hin c th tr hon vic di chuyn cho
mt s lng hp l ca thi gian, xem mt s nc lng ging khc vi s liu c kh nng
tt hn nhng Rank cao b mnh. Tng t nh vy, khi mt nt nhy vo mt DODAG
mi, n cn phi xy dng mt b DODAG m mi cho DODAG mi ny.
Nu mt node cn phi di chuyn xung mt DODAG rng n c gn vo tng Rank ca
n, sau n c th u c cc tuyn ng v chm tr ca n trc khi di chuyn nh c
m t trong phn 8.2.2.5.
Mt nt c php tham gia bt k phin bn DODAG rng n cha bao gi c mt
thnh vin trc ca m khng c bt k hn ch, nhng nu cc nt c mt thnh vin
trc khi phn phi phin bn DODAG, sau n phi tip tc quan st cc quy tc m n c
th khng qung co mt Rank cao hn

L + DAGMaxRankIncrease ti bt k thi im no trong cuc sng ca bn DODAG. Quy

lut ny phi c quan st khng to ra mt l hng m c cho php cc nt c hiu qu
tng Rank ca n tt c cc cch INFINITE_RANK, trong c th c tc ng n cc
nt khc v to ra mt ti nguyn lng ph kch bn count-to-v cc
8.2.2.5.Hiu ng nhim c
1. Mt nt c tuyn bng cch qung co Xp hng ca INFINITE_RANK.
2. Mt nt PHI KHNG c bt k nt vi Xp hng ca INFINITE_RANK trong m ca
n thit lp.
Mc d mt thc hin c th qung co cho INFINITE_RANK mc ch ca ng c, lm
nh vy l khng ging nh thit lp Rank INFINITE_RANK. V d, mt nt c th tip
tc gi cc gi d liu m RPL Packet thng tin bao gm Rank khng phi l
INFINITE_RANK, nhng vn qung co INFINITE_RANK trong Dios ca n.
Khi doanh nghip (c) cha m l quan st qung co cho mt Rank ca
INFINITE_RANK, rng (c) ph huynh tch ra t cc DODAG v khng cn c th hnh
ng nh mt ngi m, cng khng c cch no m mt nt khc c th c xem xt c
mt Rank ln hn INFINITE_RANK. V vy, rng (c) ph huynh khng th hot ng nh
mt m lu hn v c ly ra t tp cha m.
8.2.2.6. Tch
1. Mt nt khng th duy tr kt ni vi mt DODAG trong vng mtphin bn DODAG , v
d, rng khng th gi li khng trng b cha m m khng vi phm cc quy nh ca quy
chun ny, TH tch t ny DODAG Version. Mt nt tch ra tr thnh gc ca ring mnh
ni DODAG v ngay lp tc NN qung co mi ny tnh hnh mt DIO nh mt thay th
u c.
8.2.2.7. Sau Mott khi u
1. Nu mt nt nhn c mt DIO t mt trong nhng cha m DODAG ca n, ch ra rng
ph huynh ri DODAG, nt NN li DODAG hin ti ca mnh thng qua mt
DODAG m thay th, nu c th. N C TH lm theo cha m li.
Mt ph huynh DODAG th di chuyn, di c n cc DODAG Version tip theo,
hoc nhy vt ln mt DODAG khc. Mt nt phi a ra mt s u tin cho cn li trong
DODAG hin, nu c th thng qua mt ph huynh thay th, nhng phi theo cha m nu
khng c la chn khc.
8.2.3. Truyn thng DIO nhn

Khi mt tin nhn DIO c nhn, cc nt tip nhn phi u tin xc nh c hay khng cc
thng ip DIO nn c chp nhn cho x l tip, v sau trnh by s ip cho DIO tip
tc x l nu iu kin.
1. Nu nhn DIO b thay i, sau tin nhn DIO khng phi l iu kin tip tc x l
v mt nt phi m thm b n. (Xem phn 18 li ng nhp).
2. Nu ngi gi tin nhn DIO l thnh vin ca cc ng c vin b xm v thng ip DIO
l khng d hnh, nt PHI x l DIO.
8.2.3.1. DIO nhn ch bin
Khi hp DIO nhn c t cc nc lng ging ng c vin, nhng ngi hng xm c th
c thc y cha m DODAG bng cch lm theo cc quy tc ca DODAG pht hin nh
m t trong Phn 8.2. Khi mt nt t mt ngi hng xm vo ph huynh tp DODAG, nt
tr nn gn lin vi DODAG thng qua cc nt cha mi DODAG.
Ph huynh a thch nht nn c s dng hn ch m khc nt c th tr thnh cha m
DODAG. Mt s cc nt trong cc ph huynh tp DODAG c th c mt Rank t hn hoc
bng vi DODAG a thch nht cha m. (Trng hp ny c th xy ra, v d, nu mt hn ch
nng lng thit b l mt Rank t hn nhng nn trnh mi mt ti u ha, Mc tiu, kt qu
l mt ph huynh a thch nhiu hn mt Rank cao hn.)
8.S chuyn giao ca DIO
Nt RPL truyn Dios s dng mt b m thi gian gin [RFC6206]. Mt DIO t mt
ngi gi vi mt DAGRank t m khng gy nhng thay i trong thit lp ca ngi nhn
cha, m a thch, hoc Rank NN coi ph hp i vi cc b m thi gian tia nc vi.
Cc gi d liu v cc s kin sau y phi c coi l mu thun
i vi cc b m thi gian gin, v vi b m thi gian gy ra tia nc thit lp li:
o Khi mt nt pht hin s khng thng nht khi chuyn tip mt gi tin, nh chi tit trong
Phn 11.2.
o Khi mt nt nhn c mt tin nhn DIS multicast m khng c mt s thu ht
la chn thng tin, tr khi mt l c DIS hn ch hnh vi ny.
o Khi mt nt nhn c mt DIS multicast vi mt thng tin dduojc thu ht la chn v
cc nt ph hp vi tt c cc v t trong cc la chn thng tin, tr khi mt l c DIS hn ch
hnh vi ny.

o Khi mt nt tham gia mt DODAG Version mi (v d, bng cch cp nht ca

n DODAGVersionNumber, gia nhp mt RPL Instance mi, vv).
Lu rng danh sch ny khng phi l y , v thc hin MAY
xem xt cc thng ip hoc cc s kin khc c s mu thun.
Mt nt KHNG NN thit lp li b m thi gian DIO tia nc ca n p ng vi
unicast.Bn tin DIS. Khi mt nt nhn c mt DIS unicast m khng c mt Solicited La
chn thng tin, n PHI unicast mt DIO cho ngi gi trong phn ng. DIO ny phi bao
gm mt ty chn DODAG Configuration. Khi mt nt nhn c tin nhn DIS unicast vi
mt la chn Solicited Thng tin v ph hp vi cc v t la chn Solicited Thng tin, n
PHI unicast mt DIO cho ngi gi trong phn ng. DIO PHI unicast ny bao gm mt
ty chn DODAG Configuration. Do , mt nt TH truyn mt unicast DIS tin nhn n
mt DODAG m tim nng thm d DODAG cu hnh v cc thng s khc.
8.3.1. Cc thng s tia nc
Cc thng s cu hnh ca b m thi gian tia nc c quy nh nh
sau:
Imin: hc c t tin nhn DIO l (2 ^ DIOIntervalMin) ms. Cc gi tr mc nh ca
DIOIntervalMin l DEFAULT_DIO_INTERVAL_MIN.
Imax: hc c t tin nhn DIO nh DIOIntervalDoublings. Cc gi tr mc nh ca
DIOIntervalDoublings l DEFAULT_DIO_INTERVAL_DOUBLINGS.
k: hc c t tin nhn DIO nh DIORedundancyConstant. Cc gi tr mc nh ca
DIORedundancyConstant l DEFAULT_DIO_REDUNDANCY_CONSTANT. Trong RPL, khi
k c gi tr ca 0x00, iu ny c coi l mt hng s tha v hn RPL, tc l, tia nc khng
bao gi ngn chn tin nhn.
8.4. S la chn ca DODAG
Vic la chn DODAG l thc hin v OFF ph thuc. m hn ch c ng tht thng,
v tt c cc s liu u bng nhau, cc nt SHOULD gi la chn trc y ca h. Ngoi ra,
cc nt NN cung cp mt phng tin lc ra mt ph huynh c sn sng c pht hin
nh l dao ng bt thng, ti nht l khi s la chn n nh hn c sn.
Khi kt ni vi mt DODAG cn c l khng th hoc khng thch hp cho an ninh hoc cc
l do khc, DODAGs ri rc TH tng hp nhiu nh tt vo DODAGs ln hn cho php
kt ni trong phm vi LLN.Mt nt SHOULD xc minh rng kt ni hai chiu v y cht

lng lin kt c sn vi mt ngi hng xm ng c vin trc khi n cho rng ng c vin
l ph huynh DODAG.
8.5. Hot ng nh mt l Node
Trong mt s trng hp, mt nt RPL c th nh km vo mt DODAG nh l mt nt l
ch. Mt v d v mt trng hp nh vy l khi mt nt khng hiu hoc khng h tr (chnh
sch) ca cc RPL Instance ca qung co hoc s liu / hn ch. Theo quy nh ti mc 18.6,
lin quan n chnh sch chc nng, cc nt, hoc c th tham gia cc DODAG nh l mt nt
l hoc c th khng tham gia DODAG. Nh cp trong Mc 18.5, l sau khuyn
khch ng nhp mt li.
Mt nt l khng m rng kt ni DODAG; Tuy nhin, trong mt s trng hp, cc nt l
vn c th cn phi truyn Dios . c bit, khi cc nt l c th khng lun lun c hot
ng nh mt nt l v s khng thng nht c pht hin.
Mt nt hot ng nh l mt nt l phi tun theo cc quy tc sau y:
1. N KHNG PHI truyn Dios cha DAG Metric Container.
2. Dios PHI qung co mt DAGRank ca INFINITE_RANK.
3. N C TH n p truyn DIO, tr khi vic truyn DIO c c kch hot do pht hin
khng thng nht khi mt gi tin l c chuyn tip hoc phn ng vi tin DIS unicast, trong
trng hp vic truyn DIO KHNG PHI c dp tt.
4. N C TH truyn DAO unicast nh c m t trong Phn 9.2.
5. N C TH truyn DAO multicast cho '1 hop' khu ph nh m t trong Phn 9.10.
Mt trng hp c th m i hi phi c mt nt l gi mt DIO l nu nt l l mt
thnh vin trc ca mt DODAG v mt nt khc chuyn tip tin nhn gi topo c, gy ra
mt khng thng nht. Cc nt l cn truyn ti mt DIO sa cha s khng thng nht.
Lu rng do tnh cht lossy ca LLNs,mc d cc nt l c th lc quan u c cc tuyn
ng ca n bng cch qung co Xp hng ca INFINITE_RANK trong DODAG c
trc tr thnh mt nt l, qung co c th tr thnh b mt v mt nt l phi c kh nng
gi mt DIO sau ny sa cha khng thng nht.
Trong trng hp chung, cc nt l PHI KHNG qung co chnh n nh l mt b nh
tuyn (v d, gi Dios).
8.6. Rank hnh chnh
Trong mt s trng hp, n c th l c li iu chnh Rank qung co bng mt nt
ngoi m tnh bng nhng HNH da trn mt s chnh sch v cc thuc tnh ca nt thc

hin c th. V d, mt nt m c mt pin c gii hn nn c mt l tr khng c la chn no

khc, v sau c th lm tng thm tnh Rank theo quy nh ca HNH phi by mt
Rank phng i.
9. Tuyn ng i xung
Phn ny m t cch RPL pht hin ra v duy tr i xung cc tuyn ng. RPL xy dng
v duy tr cc tuyn ng i xung vi im n Qung co Object (DAO) tin nhn. Cc
tuyn ng xung h tr P2MP chy, t r DODAG v pha l. i xung tuyn cng h tr
P2P chy: tin nhn P2P c th chy v pha mt DODAG root (hoc mt t tin chung) thng
qua mt ng hng ln, sau i t gc DODAG n mt ch thng qua mt ng i
xung.
c im k thut ny m t hai ch mt RPL Instance c th chn
t cho vic duy tr cc tuyn ng i xung. Trong ch u tin, c gi l "Lu tr",
cc nt lu tr bng nh tuyn i xung cho h ph DODAG. Mi hop trn mt tuyn ng
i xung trong mt mng lu tr kim tra ca n bng nh tuyn quyt nh bc k tip.
Trong ch th hai, gi l "Non-Lu tr", cc nt khng lu tr bng nh tuyn i xung. i
xung cc gi tin c nh tuyn vi cc tuyn ng ngun dn c ca mt gc
DODAG [RFC6554].
RPL cho php mt one-hop ti u ha P2P n gin cho c lu tr v cc mng khng c
lu tr. Mt nt c th gi mt gi tin P2P mnh mt one-hop hng xm trc tip n nt
.
9.1. im n Qung co Parents
thit lp cc tuyn ng i xung, cc nt RPL gi tin nhn DAO Tr ln.
Cc im n tip theo-hop ca nhng tin nhn DAO c gi l "DAO cha m ". Cc b
su tp ca cha m DAO ca mt nt c gi l" DAO b cha m ".
1. Mt nt TH gi tin nhn bng cch s dng tt c cc O-RPL-node multicast a ch,
l ti u ha cho mt-hp cng routing. Cc bit 'K' PHI c xa trn truyn ca DAO
multicast. DAO m set 2. A ca nt phi l mt tp hp con ca tp DODAG cha ca n.
3. Trong lu tr ch hot ng, mt nt PHI KHNG gii quyt DAO unicast cc tin
nhn n cc nt ang khng dao cha m.
4. Lu tr ch hot ng, ngun IPv6 v ch a ch ca mt thng ip DAO PHI l
a ch link-local.

5. Trong Non-Lu tr ch hot ng, mt nt PHI KHNG gii quyt unicast Thng
DAO cc nt ang khng DODAG r.
6. Trong ch khng hot ng bo qun, ngun IPv6 v ch a ch ca mt thgAO
PHI l mt c o-a phng hoc a ch ton cu
Vic la chn ca cha m DAO l thc hin v v ch nang khch quan c th.

9.2Khm ph Router i xuong v s duy tr

S cng khai ch c th c cu hnh c hon ton b v hiu ha, hoc hot ng
mt bo qun hoc ch khng lu tr, theo nh bo MOP trong tin nhn DIO.
1. Tt c cc nt ngi tham gia mt DODAG PHI tun theo cc thit lp MOP t root. Cc
nt m khng c kh nng tham gia y nh mt b nh tuyn, v d, rng khng ph hp
vi MOP c qung co, C TH tham gia cc DODAG nh mt chic l.
2. Nu MOP l 0, cho thy khng c nh tuyn i xung, cc nt Khng phi truyn ti
thng ip DAO v C TH b qua tin nhn DAO.
3. Trong khng lu tr ch , gc DODAG NN lu tr d liu nh tuyn mc bng cho
khu hc t DAO. Cc gc DODAG Phi c kh nng to ra cc tuyn ng ngun cho
nhng khu hc t DAO c lu tr.
4. Trong ch lu tr, tt c khng phi root, cc nt l khng phi lu tr nh tuyn mc
bng cho khu hc t DAO. Mt DODAG th c mt trong mt s ch c th hot ng,
nh c xc nh bi trng MOP. Hoc l n khng h tr Xung cc tuyn ng, n h
tr cc tuyn ng i xung thng qua nh tuyn ngun t DODAG r, hoc n h tr cc
tuyn ng i xung thng qua cc mng nh tuyn bng. Khi tuyn ng i xung c
h tr thng qua nh tuyn ngun t DODAG r, n thng c d kin rng gc DODAG
c lu tr ngun thng tin nh tuyn hc c t DAO xy dng cc tuyn ng
ngun. Nu gc DODAG khng lu tr mt s thng tin, sau mt s im n c th truy
cp c. Khi tuyn ng i xung c h tr thng qua cc mng li cc bng nh
tuyn, cc hot ng a hng c nh ngha trong c t ny c th hoc khng c h
tr, cng nh c ch ra bi trng MOP. Khi tuyn ng i xung c h tr thng qua
cc mng li cc bng nh tuyn, nh c m t trong c t ny, l mong rng din xut
ca cc nt nh cc router c cp gi cc yu cu nh tuyn trng thi bng. Nu
mt nt hot ng nh mt b nh tuyn l khng th gi trng thi bng nh tuyn y
th nh nc nh tuyn khng hon chnh,

tin nhn c th c gim xung nh mt h qu, v mt li c th c ng nhp (Mc

18.5). Phn m rng trong tng lai RPL c th xy dng trn tinh ch hnh ng / hnh vi
qun l trng hp ny.
Theo cc vn bn ca cc c im k thut ny, RPL khng h tr mixed- ch hot
ng, ni mt s tuyn ng nt ngun v ca hng nh tuyn khc
- bng: phn m rng trong tng lai c th h tr RPL ch ny hot ng.
9.2.1. Bo tr ng dn trnh t
i vi mi mc tiu l lin kt vi (thuc) mt node, node l trch nhim pht ra
thng ip DAO cung cp khc. Cc tuyn ng xung. Cc thng tin Target + Transit
cha trong nhng tin nhn DAO sau lan truyn Up DODAG. Sequence ng dn truy cp
vo cc ty chn thng tin Transit c s dng ch ra ti mi v cp nht thng tin nh
tuyn c i xung nh m t ti Mc 7. i vi mt mc tiu l lin kt vi (thuc) mt
node, node PHI tng quy ng dn trnh t, v to ra mt DAO mi tin nhn, khi:
1. Lifetime Path l c cp nht (v d, lm mi hoc mt khngPath).
2. Danh sch a ch Parent trng con DODAG l phi c thay i.
i vi mt mc tiu l lin kt vi (thuc) mt nt, nt THNG tng quy ng
dn trnh t, v to ra mt thng ip DAO mi, dp lm mi cc thng tin nh tuyn i
xung. Trong ch lu tr, nt to ra mt DAO nh vy mi DAO ca mnh cha m
cho php a ng. Tt c DAO to ra ti cng mt thi gian cho cc mc tiu tng t phi
c gi vi cc trnh t trong cng mt con ng chuyn tip thng tin.
9.2.2. Th h ca tin nhn DAO
Mt nt c th gi tin nhn DAO khi n nhn c tin nhn DAO, nh mt kt qu ca
nhng thay i trong thit lp DAO m ca n, hoc phn ng vi nhau s kin nh ht hn
ca mt tin t cuc i lin quan. Trong trng hp nhn DAO, n quan trng cho d thng
ip DAO l "mi" hoc cha thng tin mi. Trong khng lu tr ch , mi DAO nhn mt
nt nhn l "mi". Trong ch lu tr, mt tin nhn DAO l "mi" nu n p ng bt k cc
tiu ch cho mt mc tiu c cha:
1. n c mt s dy con ng mi hn,
2. n c thm bit ng dn Control, hoc ma ng,,vn vn,,,,
3. n l mt thng ip DAO No-Path m loi b cc tuyn ng i xung cui cng mt
tin t.

Mt nt m nhn c mt tin nhn t DAO ca n ph DODAG TH n p lch mt thng

ip truyn DAO nu nhn DAO khng phi l mi.
9.3. DAO Rules c s
1. Nu mt nt gi mt thng ip DAO vi thng tin mi hn, hay khc nhau hn cc thng
ip truyn DAO trc, n PHI gia tnglnh vc DAOSequence bi t nht mt. Mt thng
ip truyn DAO l ging ht nhau truyn ti thng ip DAO trc THNG tng
trng DAOSequence.
2. Cc trng RPLInstanceID v DODAGID ca mt thng ip DAO PHI l cng mt gi
tr nh cc thnh vin ca cng ty m tp ca nt v cc Dios n truyn ti.
3. Mt nt TH t c 'K' trong mt thng ip unicast DAO thu ht mt unicast DAOACK trong phn ng xc nhn vic th.
4. Mt node nhn c mt thng ip unicast DAO vi 'K' flag NN p ng vi mt
DAO-ACK. Mt node nhn c tin nhn DAO khng c 'K' flag TH p ng vi mt
DAO-ACK, c bit bo co tnh trng li.
5. Mt nt m b c 'K' trong mt thng ip unicast DAO nhng khng nhn c mt
DAO-ACK phn ng TH sp xp li cc thng DAO truyn cho mt n lc khc, cho n khi
mt implementation- s c th ca ln th li.
6. Cc nt NN b qua DAO m khng s th t mi hn v MUST KHNG x l chng
hn na.
Khng ging nh cc lnh vc bn ca mt DIO, m ch c gia tng bi mt Gc
DODAG v lp i lp li khng thay i bi cc nt, cc gi tr DAOSequence khc l duy
nht cho mi nt. Khng gian s th t cho unicast v
thng ip multicast DAO c th l ging nhau hoc khc nhau. N l RECOMMENDED
s dng khng gian s th t nh nhau.
9.4. Cu trc ca tin nhn DAO
DAO theo mt cu trc ph bin c lu tr v khng lu tr trn mng. Trong cc hnh
thc chung nht, mt tin nhn DAO c th bao gm mt vi nhm ty chn, trong mi
nhm bao gm mt hoc nhiu la chn mc tiu theo sau bi mt hoc nhiu tu chn thng
tin Transit.
Ton b nhm cc ty chn thng tin Transit p dng cho ton b cc nhm chn Target.
Phn sau s m t chi tit cho mi phng thc hot ng.

1. nt RPL PHI bao gm mt hoc nhiu ty chn RPL mc tiu trong mi DAO thng
ip m h truyn ti. Mt la chn RPL Target phi c mt tin t bao gm a ch IPv6 ca
nt nu nt cn DODAG cung cp cc tuyn ng i xung n nt . Cc RPL Target
ty chn C TH c ngay lp tc theo sau bi mt RPL Target c la chn m t ng cc
tiu ch .
2. Khi mt nt cp nht cc thng tin trong mt thng tin Transit la chn cho mt la chn
mc tiu bao gm mt trong cc a ch ca n, n PHI tng s ng dn trnh t trong
Transit La chn thng tin. S ng dn trnh t C TH c tng ln i khi gy ra
mt refresh cc tuyn ng i xung.
3. Mt hoc nhiu ty chn RPL mc tiu trong mt thng ip unicast DAO PHI theo sau
bi mt hoc nhiu tu chn Thng tin Transit. Tt c ty chn vn chuyn p dng cho tt c
cc ty chn Target m ngay lp tc i trc h.
4. DAO Multicast PHI KHNG bao gm cc DODAG Chnh a ch trng con trong cc
ty chn thng tin Transit.
5. Mt nt nhn v x l tin nhn DAO cha thng tin cho mt mc tiu c th, v c thng
tin trc cho mc tiu , phi s dng s lng ng dn trnh t trong Transit la chn cc
thng tin lin quan n mc tiu xc nh c hay khng cc thng ip DAO cha cp
nht thng tin cho mi mc 7.
6. Nu mt nt nhn c mt tin nhn DAO m khng tun theo cc trn quy tc, n phi
loi b cc tin DAO m khng cn thm ch bin.
Trong khng lu tr ch , gc xy dng mt tiu nh tuyn ngun nghim ngt,hpby-hp, bng cch quy tm ln mt-hp thng tin rng quan h mt Target (a ch hoc tin
t) v mt a ch qu cnh vi nhau. Trong mt s trng hp, khi mt a ch con c ngun
gc t mt tin t c s hu v c qung co bi cha m, rng mi quan h cha-con c th
suy ra bi cc gc cho cc mc ch xy dng cc ngun tiu nh tuyn. Trong tt c cc
trng hp khc, n l cn thit thng bo cho gc r ca mi quan h qu cnh-Target t
mt mc tiu c th truy cp, v vy sau ny cho php xy dng quy ca tiu nh
tuyn. Mt a ch c qung co nh l mt mc tiu trong mt thng ip DAO PHI sp
xp trong cng mt router, hoc c th truy cp vo lin kt bi cc b nh tuyn s hu cc
a ch c ch nh trong cc Transit thng tin lin quan. Cc quy nh b sung sau y c
p dng m bo tnh lin tc ca con ng ng ngun end-to-end:
1. a ch ca mt ph huynh s dng trong cc ty chn qu cnh phi c thc hin t
mt PIO t ph huynh vi 'R' flag. Cc 'R' c trong mt PIO ch ra rng trng tin t thc
s c cha cc a ch m y nhng con KHNG NN gi nh rng a ch m l trnlink. 2. Mt PIO bng 'A' flag ch ra rng cc nt con RPL th s dng tin t autoconfigure

mt a ch. Mt ph huynh qung co mt tin t trong mt PIO vi 'A' flag PHI m

bo rng a ch hoc ton b tin t trong PIO c th truy cp t gc bng cch qung co n
nh l mt mc tiu DAO. Nu ph huynh cng t 'L' c ch ra rng cc tin t l on-link, sau
n PHI qung co ton b tin t nh mc tiu trong mt thng ip DAO. Nu cc 'L' c
c xa v 'R' c c thit lp, ch ra rng ph huynh cung cp a ch ring ca mnh trong
PIO, sau ph huynh PHI qung co rng a ch nh l mt mc tiu DAO.
3. Mt a ch c qung co nh l mc tiu trong mt thng ip DAO PHi collocated
trong cng mt router hoc c th truy cp vo lin kt bi cc b nh tuyn s hu cc a ch
c ch nh trong cc thng tin lin quan ti Transit 4. kch hot mt nn ti u ca tiu
nh tuyn, ph huynh NN thit lp 'R' c trong tt c PIOs vi 'A' thit lp v 'L' c xa,
v a tr NN thch s dng nh chuyn a ch ca ph huynh c tm thy trong cc
PIO c s dng autoconfigure a ch c qung co l nhm mc tiu trong tin nhn
DAO.
5. Mt router c th c nhng mc tiu m khng c bit n l trn-link cho l cha m,
hoc v h l nhng a ch nm trn mt giao din thay th hoc v h thuc v cc nt
c bn ngoi RPL, v d kt ni vi my ch. m c mt mc tiu nh vy trong
mng RPL, router PHI qung co mnh l DODAG a ch Parent trng con trong Transit
ty chn thng tin cho mc tiu , bng cch s dng mt a ch m l trn-link cho rng cc
nt DAO m. Nu mc tiu thuc v mt nt bn ngoi, sau router phi thit lp c ngoi 'E'
trong Thng tin Transit.
Mt nt con t cu hnh mt a ch t mt ph huynh PIO vi 'L' c t khng cn phi
qung co m a ch nh l mt DAO Target k t khi cha m m bo rng ton b tin t l
truy cp t gc. Tuy nhin, nu cc 'L' c khng c thit lp, sau n l cn thit,
trong ch Non-Tng tr, cho cc nt con thng bo gc r ca mi quan h cha-con, bng
cch s dng mt a ch c th truy cp ca ph huynh, gip xy dng quy chiu tiu
nh tuyn. iu ny c thc hin bng cch kt hp mt a ch ca ph huynh nh cnh
hng ha vi cc a ch ca cc con nh l mc tiu trong mt tin nhn DAO.
9.5. Scheduling DAO Transmission
Bi v DAO chy hng ln, nhn mt DAO unicast c th kch hot gi mt DAO unicast
cho cha m DAO.
1. Khi nhn c tin nhn DAO unicast vi thng tin cp nht, chng hn nh c cha mt
la chn thng tin Transit vi mt con ng theo trnh t mi, mt nt NN gi mt DAO.
N KHNG NN gi DAO ny nhn ngay lp tc. N NN tr hon vic gi tin nhn trong
O tng hp thng tin O t cc nt khc m n l mt ph huynh DAO.

2. Mt nt NN tr hon vic gi tin nhn DAO vi mt gi (DelayDAO).S Nhn tin t

DAO bt u hn gi DelayDAO. Thng DAO nhn c trong khi b m thi gian
DelayDAO ang hot ng khng ci t li thi gian. Khi thi gian DelayDAO ht hn, cc
nt gi mt O.
3. Khi mt nt b sung thm mt nt DAO m thit lp ca n, n NN lch mt thng
ip truyn DAO.
Gi tr v tnh DelayDAO l thc hin ph thuc. Mt gi tr mc nh ca
DEFAULT_DAO_DELAY c nh ngha trong c t ny.
9.6. Tin nhn kch hot DAO
Cc nt c th kch hot ca h ph DODAG gi tin nhn DAO. Mi nt
duy tr mt Trigger DAO Sequence Number (DTSN), m n giao tip thng qua tin nhn
DIO.
1. Nu mt nt nghe mt trong nhng cha m DAO ca n tng DTSN ca n, l
nt phi sp xp mt thng ip truyn DAO s dng quy tc trong Phn 9.3 v 9.5.
2. Trong khng lu tr ch , nu mt nt nghe mt trong nhng cha m ca n DAO tng
DTSN ca n, nt PHI tng DTSN ring ca mnh.
Trong mt ch lu tr hot ng, nh l mt phn ca bng nh tuyn thng thng cp
nht v bo tr, mt nt lu tr TH tng DTSN trong trt t ng tin cy kch hot mt tp
hp cc thng tin cp nht DAO t con mt ca n.
Trong mt ch lu tr hot ng, n khng phi l cn thit kch hot DAO
cp nht t cc ph bn DODAG, t thng tin nh nc s tuyn truyn hop-by-hop Up
DODAG.
Trong mt ch khng lu tr cc hot ng, tng DTSN cng s gy ra con mt ca mt
nt tng DTSN ca h ln lt, gy ra mt tp hp cc thng tin cp nht DAO t ton b
tiu DODAG.Thng thng, trong mt ch khng lu tr hot ng, ch gc s c lp
increment DTSN khi lm mi DAO l cn thit nhng mt sa cha ton cu (chng hn nh
bng cch tng DODAGVersionNumber) khng phi l mong mun. Thng thng, trong mt
ch khng lu tr hot ng, tt c khng phi root nt s tng DTSN ca h ch khi cha m
ca h (s) l quan st lm nh vy.
Ni chung, mt nt c th kch hot cp nht DAO theo thc hin c th logic, chng hn
nh da trn nhng pht hin ca mt Tuyn ng khng thng nht gim hay i khi da
trn mt ni b hn gi.

Trong mt mng lu tr, la chn mt DelayDAO thch hp cho O kch hot rt c th

lm gim s lng O truyn. Chy trigger Xung DODAG; trong trng hp tt nht,
DAO chy Up DODAG nh vy m l gi DAO u tin, vi mi nt gi tin nhn DAO ch
mt ln. Mt lch trnh nh vy c th c xp x bng cch thit lp DelayDAO t l nghch
vi Rank. Lu rng ngh ny c d nh nh l mt ti u ha cho php kt hp
hiu qu (n l khng cn thit cho hot ng chnh xc trong trng hp chung).
9.7. Non-Lu tr Ch
Trong ch khng lu tr, RPL tuyn thng ip i xung bng cch s dng ngun
IP nh tuyn. Cc quy tc sau p dng cho cc nt c trong Non-Lu tr ch . Ch lu
tr c mt b ring bit ca quy tc, c m t trong Mc 9.8.
1. DODAG a ch Parent trng con ca mt la chn thng tin Transit PHI cha mt
hoc nhiu a ch. Tt c nhng a ch PHI c a ch ca cha m DAO ca ngi gi.
2. DAO c gi trc tip vo th mc gc cng mt tuyn ng mc nh ci t nh
mt phn ca s la chn ca ph huynh.
3. Khi mt nt xa mt nt t DAO m thit lp ca n, n THNG to ra mt thng ip
DAO mi vi thng tin cp nht Transit ty chn. Trong khng lu tr ch , mt nt s
dng DAO bo co cha m DAO ca n gc DODAG. Cc gc DODAG c th mnh
vi nhau mt con ng i xung n mt nt bng cch s dng DAO cha m t ra t mi
nt trong cc tuyn ng. Cc thng tin ng dn trnh t c th c s dng pht hin
thng tin c ca DAO .Mc ch ca vic tnh ton l trnh mi hp ny l gim thiu lu
lng khi cha m O thay i. Nu nt bo co hon chnh tuyn ng ngun, sau vo
mt s thay i DAO ph huynh, ton b ph DODAG s phi gi DAO mi vo th mc gc
DODAG. V vy, trongkhi Ch lu tr, mt nt c th gi mt DAO duy nht, mc d n c
th chn gi nhiu tin nhn DAO tng nhiu cha DAO.
Cc nt ng gi DAO bng cch gi tin nhn DAO duy nht vi nhiu RPL
Ty chn Target. Mi la chn RPL Target c ring ca mnh, ngay lp tc sau y, ty chn
Thng tin Transit.
9.8. Ch lu tr
Trong ch lu tr, RPL tuyn thng ip i xung bi ch n a ch IPv6 . Cc quy nh
sau y p dng cho cc nt c trong lu tr ch :
1.

DODAG a ch Parent trng con ca mt thng tin Transmit c la chn phi c

sn phm no.

2. Khi nhn c mt DAO unicast, mt nt phi tnh ton nu DAO s thay i cc thit lp
ca cc tin t chnh nt qung co. iu ny tnh ton NN bao gm t vn ca cc
dy ng thng tin trong cc ty chn lin quan n thng tin Transit DAO, xc nh xem
cc tin DAO cha mi hn thng tin thay th cc thng tin c lu tr ti node. Nu
vy, cc nt phi to ra mt thng ip mi v DAO truyn ti n, theo cc quy nh ti mc
9.5. Mt s thay i nh vy bao gm nhn mt O N-Path.
3.Khi mt nt to ra mt O mi, n NN unicast n mi cha m O ca n. N
KHNG PHI unicast thng ip DAO hch m khng phi l o cha m.
4. Khi mt nt xa mt nt t DAO m thit lp ca n, n NN gi tin nhn Khng-Path
DAO (mc 6.4.3) cho rng DAO xa ph huynh lm mt hiu lc cc tuyn ng hin c.
5. Nu thng ip n mt a ch i xung c qung co b mt giao nhn li, Neighbor
Unreachable Detection (NUD), hoc tht bi tng t, mt nt TH nh du cc a ch nh
khng th truy cp v to ra mt DAO No-Path thch hp.
DAO qung co m a ch ch v tin t mt nt c cc tuyn ng. Khng ging nh
trong ch khng lu tr, cc DAO khng giao tip thng tin v cc tuyn ng chnh
mnh: thng tin c lu tr trong mng v l tim n t cc ngun a ch IPv6. Khi mt
nt lu tr to ra mt DAO, n s dng cc trng thi lu tr ca DAO, n nhn c
to ra mt tp hp cc ty chn v RPL Target ca h ty chn lin quan Transmit Thng tin.
Bi v thng tin ny c lu tr trong bng nh tuyn ca mi nt, trong ch lu tr,
DAO c truyn t trc tip cho cha m DAO, ngi lu tr thng tin ny.
9.9. ng dn iu khin
Mt tin nhn DAO t mt nt cha mt hay nhiu ty chn Target. Mi mtTarget ch nh
hoc l mt tin t c qung co bi cc node, mt prefix ca a ch c th bn ngoi
LLN, a ch ca mt ch trong ca nt ph DODAG, hoc mt nhm multicast m mt nt
trong sub-DODAG ang lng nghe. Cc lnh vc ng Kim sot ca Thng tin la chn
Transit cho php cc nt yu cu hoc cho php nhiu tuyn ng i xung. Mt nt xy
dng cc lnh vc ng dn iu khin ca mt la chn thng tin Transit nh sau:
1. Chiu rng bit ca trng ng dn kim sot phi c bnh ng vi gi tr (PCS + 1),
ni PCS c quy nh trong lnh vc kim sot ca ty chn DODAG Configuration. Bit
ln hn hoc bng gi tr (PCS + 1) phi c xa trn truyn v phi c b qua khi tip
nhn. Bit thp hn gi tr c coi l Bit "hot ng".
2. Cc nt PHI logic xy dng nhm ca cha m DAO ca n trong khi dn c lnh vc
ng dn Control, trong mi nhm bao gm cha m DAO u tin bng nhau. Nhng
nhm MUST sau c t hng theo s thch, cho php mt lp bn logic ca cha m

DAO vo trng con ng iu khin (xem Hnh 27). Nhm C TH c lp i lp li

m rng trn ton b chiu rng bit ca trng iu khin v, nhng th t, bao gm cc
nhm lp i lp li, phi c gi li u tin l thng bo ng n.
3 i vi mt la chn RPL Target m t a ch ca ring ca mt nt hoc mt tin t
bn ngoi LLN, t nht l mt cht tch cc ca con ng. Lnh vc kim sot phi
c thit lp. Bit tch cc hn ca Control ng dn lnh vc TH c thit lp.
4. Nu mt nt nhn c nhiu DAO bng ty chn RPL Target cng, n PHI
bitwise OR cc lnh vc kim sot con ng m n nhn c. iu nyc tng
hp bitwise OR i din cho s tuyn i xung cc yu cu tin t.
5. Khi mt nt gi mt thng ip DAO mt trong nhng cha m DAO ca n,
n PHI chn mt hoc nhiu ca cc bit c thit lp hot ng trong trng con l
nh x ti cc nhm c cha DAO m t lnh vc ng dn iu khin tng hp. Mt
cht a ra ch c th c trnh by nh l hot ng cha m tr. Cc tin DAO n
truyn ti cha m ca n phi c cc hot ng thit lp bit v tt c cc bit hot ng
xa.
6. i vi cc ty chn RPL Target v DAOSequence s, DAO mt nt gi cho cha m
DAO khc nhau phi c b tch ri ca hot ng Bit ng dn Control. Mt nt
KHNG PHI thit lp cc bit hot ng trn cng mt DAO hai cha m DAO khc
nhau.
7. bt ng dn iu khin NN c phn b theo s thch lp bn ca cha m
O vo trng con ng dn Control, nh vy m bt hot ng ng dn Control,
hoc cc nhm bit, m thuc v mt c bit trng con ng iu khin c phn
b cho o cha m trong nhm c nh x ti trng con m.
8.Trong mt ch khng lu tr hot ng, mt nt C TH vt qua DAO qua
m khng thc hin vic x l thm v kim sot con ng lnh vc.
9. Mt nt PHI KHNG unicast nhn DAO m khng c bit hot ng lnh vc
ng dn iu khin thit lp. C th l, i vi mt nh Tu chn Target, mt nt
khng c ng dn iu khin tng hp bit gi mt tin nhn c cha DAO
Target mi mnh Cha m DAO, trong trng hp nhng ngi a thch nht
DAO Cha m c th khng nhn c tin nhn DAO cho mc tiu .
Cc lnh vc ng dn Control cho php mt nt rng buc bao nhiu i
xung ng bay mi s c to ra vi n. N t ra mt s bit trong Path Trng iu
khin bng s lng ti a ca cc tuyn ng i xung thch. Ti hu ht, mi bit
c gi n mt DAO m; cm bit c th c gi cho cha m DAO duy nht cho n
phn chia gia ca n cha m DAO ring.
Mt nt quy nh mt l trnh DAO cho mt mc tiu m c mt lnh vc ng
Kim sot lin NN s dng cc ni dung ca con ng Lnh vc kim sot xc
nh mt th t u tin gia cc nhiu tuyn ng DAO thay th cho mc tiu .
Control ng dn phn cng lnh vc c ngun gc t s thch (ca cha m O),
nh xc nh trn c s kin thc tt nht ca nt ny ca "end-tokt thc "cc s

liu tng hp theo hng i xung theo Chc nng quan. Trong ch khng bo qun
gc c th xc nh ng xung bng cch tp hp cc thng tin t mi nhn
DAO, trong bao gm cc ch dn ng kim sot ca cha m DAO a thch.
9.9.1. ng dn iu khin V d
Gi s rng c mt LLN hot ng ch c cha lu tr mt N Node vi bn cha
m, P1, P2, P3, v P4. Hy N c ba tr em, C1, C2, C3 v trong ca n ph DODAG.
Hy PCS l 7, nh vy m s c 8 bit hot ng trong lnh vc kim sot Path:
11111111b. Xt v d sau:
Cc lnh vc ng dn iu khin c chia thnh bn trng con, PC1
(11000000b), PC2 (00110000b), PC3 (00001100b), v PC4 (00000011b), nh vy
m bn trng con i din cho bn cp khc nhau v s thch mi Hnh 27. Vic
thc hin ti Node N, trong v d ny, cc nhm {P1, P2} c u i bnh ng vi
nhau v hu ht a thch chung ca nhm. {} P3 l t a thch {P1, P2}, v nhiu hn
na thch {P4}. Hy Node N sau thc hin lp bn ng kim sot ca mnh nh
vy m:
{P1, P2} -> PC1 (11000000b) trong lnh vc ng dn iu khin
{P3} -> PC2 (00110000b) trong lnh vc ng dn iu khin
{P4} -> PC3 (00001100b) trong lnh vc ng dn iu khin
{P4} -> PC4 (00000011b) trong lnh vc ng dn iu khin
Lu rng vic thc hin lp i lp li {P4} c c y vng ph sng ca cc
lnh vc ng dn Control.
1. Hy C1 gi mt DAO cha mt Target T vi mt iu khin ng dn 10000000b.
Node N ca hng mt mc lin kt vi 10000000b lnh vc ng dn iu khin cho
C1 v Target T.
2. Hy C2 gi mt DAO cha mt Target T vi mt iu khin ng dn 00010000b.
Node N ca hng mt mc lin kt vi 00010000b lnh vc ng dn iu khin cho
C1 v Target T.
3. Hy C3 gi mt DAO cha mt Target T vi mt iu khin ng dn 00001100b.
Node N ca hng mt mc lin kt vi 00001100b lnh vc ng dn iu khin cho
C1 v Target T.
4. Ti mt s thi gian sau , Node N to mt DAO cho Target T. Node N s xy dng
mt trng ng dn iu khin tng hp bi ORING cng s ng gp ca mi
ngi con ca mnh a ra mt DAO cho Target T. Do , cc lnh vc ng dn
iu khin tng hp c bit hot ng thit lp nh: 10011100b
5. Node N sau phn phi cc bit ng dn kim sot tng s cha m ca n P1, P2,
P3, P4 v chun b DAO tin nhn.
6. P1 v P2 c iu kin nhn c bit hot ng t nhiu nht trng con a
thch (11000000b). Nhng bit c 10000000b trong tng hp lnh vc ng dn
Control. Node N phi thit lp cc bit n mt trong hai cha m ch. Trong trng hp

2.

ny, Node P1 c phn b bit v c cc lnh vc ng dn iu khin 10000000b

cho O ca n. Khng c cc bit cn li phn b cho Node P2; do , Node P2 s
c mt lnh vc ng kim sot ca 00000000b v mt DAO khng th to ra Node
P2 v khng c bit hot ng.
7. Cc trng con nhiu th nh a thch (00110000b) c cc hot ng bit 00010000b.
Node N nh x P3 n trng con ny. Node N c th phn b cc bit hot ng
P3, xy dng mt DAO cho P3 cha Target T vi mt iu khin Path of 00010000b.
8. Cc trng con th ba nht a thch (00001100b) c cc hot ng bit 00001100b.
Node N nh x P4 n trng con ny. Node N c th phn b c hai bit P4, xy
dng mt DAO cho P4 cha Target T vi mt iu khin Path of 00001100b.
9. Cc trng con a thch nht (00000011b) khng c bit hot ng. c c bit
hot ng, nhng bit c th c thm vo lnh vc ng kim sot ca DAO xy
dng cho P4.
10. Qu trnh tng dn c thng ip DAO mnh cho P1, P2, P3, P4 vi cc mc tiu
khc (tr T) x l tu theo cc lnh vc ng dn iu khin tng hp thu thp cho cc
mc tiu .
9.10. Multicast Destination Qung co Tin nhn
Mt trng hp c bit ca hot ng DAO, phn bit vi hot ng DAO unicast,l
hot ng multicast DAO m c th c s dng c '1-hop' entry bng nh tuyn.
1. Mt nt TH multicast nhn DAO phm vi link-local tt c cc- RPL-nt a ch
multicast.
2. Mt thng ip multicast DAO PHI c ch c s dng qung co thng tin
v nt chnh n, tc l, tin t trc tip kt ni hoc thuc s hu ca cc nt, chng hn
nh mt nhm multicast m cc nt c k kt hoc mt a ch ton cu thuc s hu
ca cc nt.
Mt thng ip multicast DAO KHNG PHI c s dng chuyn tip kt
ni thng tin hc (v d, thng qua DAO unicast) t khc node.

4. Mt nt KHNG PHI thc hin bt k ch bin DAO lin quan khc trn nhn c tin
nhn multicast DAO; c bit, mt nt PHI KHNG thc hin cc hnh ng ca cha m
DAO khi nhn c mt multicast DAO. Cc DAO multicast c th c s dng cho
php truyn thng P2P trc tip, m khng cn cc DODAG chuyn tip cc gi tin.