Baigiai Thongke Chuong3

BAI GIAI
XAC SUAT THONG KE

(GV: Tran Ngoc Hoi 2009)
CHNG 3
LY THUYET MAU VA C LNG

Bai 3.1. e khao sat trong lung X cua mot loai vat nuoi trong nong trai,
ngi ta quan sat mot mau va co ket qua sau:
X(kg)
36
42
48
54
60
66
72
So con
15
12
25
18
10
10
10
a) c lng trong lng trung bnh cua loai vat nuoi tren vi o tin cay
96%.
b) Vi o tin cay 95%, trong lng trung bnh toi a cua loai vat nuoi
tren la bao nhieu? Toi thieu la bao nhieu?
c) Nhng con vat co trong lng t 60kg tr len c goi la nhng con
at tieu chuan. Hay c lng t le con at tieu chuan vi o tin cay
95%.
d) Neu muon c lng t le con at tieu chuan vi o tin cay 99% va o
chnh xac 10% th can phai ieu tra them bao nhieu con vat na?
e) Vi o tin cay 90%, t le con at tieu chuan toi a cua loai vat nuoi
n = 100;
X n
i
Ky vong mau cua X la
X=
=5196;
a) c lng trong lng trung bnh cua loai vat nuoi tren vi o tin cay
96%.
ay la bai toan c lng khoang cho ky vong = M(X) vi o tin cay
= 1- = 96% = 0,96.
V n 30, 2 = D(X) cha biet nen ta co cong thc c lng khoang
cho ky vong:
(X z
S
S
; X + z
),
n
n
trong o (z) = /2 = 0,96/2 = 0,48. Tra bang gia tr ham Laplace ta

c z = 2,06. Vay c lng khoang la:
(51, 96 2, 06
11, 0608
11, 0608
; 51, 96 + 2, 06
) = (49, 68; 54, 24).
100
100
Noi cach khac, vi o tin cay 96%, trong lng trung bnh cua mot con
nam trong khoang t 49,68kg en 54,24kg.
b) Vi o tin cay 95%, trong lng trung bnh toi a cua loai vat nuoi
Ta co o tin cay = 1 - = 95% = 0,95 ( = 0,05).
- e biet trong lng trung bnh toi a cua loai vat nuoi tren la bao
nhieu ta can c lng khoang ben trai cho ky vong = M(X).
V n 30, 2 = D(X) cha biet nen ta co cong thc c lng
khoang ben trai cho ky vong:
(; X + z2
Li giai
Ta co:
v trong n = 100 con co m = 10 + 10 + 10 = 30 con co trong lng t

60kg tr len, ngha la co 30 con at tieu chuan.
n i = 282096.
1
X in i = 51, 96(kg).
n
Phng sai mau cua X la:

2 = 1
S
X i2ni X 2 =(11, 0054)2 (kg 2 ).
n
Phng sai mau hieu chnh cua X la:
n 2
S2 =
S = (11, 0608)2 (kg 2 ).
n 1
T le mau con at tieu chuan la
m
30
Fn =
=
= 0, 3
n 100
1
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S
),
n
trong o (z2) = (1- 2)/2 = (1- 2.0,05)/2 = 0,90/2 = 0,45. Tra bang gia
tr ham Laplace ta c z2 = 1,65. Suy ra trong lng trung bnh toi a
la:
S
11, 0608
X + z2
= 51, 96 + 1, 65
= 53,7850(kg) .
n
100
Vay vi o tin cay 95%, trong lng trung bnh toi a cua loai vat nuoi
tren la 53,7850kg.
- e biet trong lng trung bnh toi thieu cua loai vat nuoi tren la bao
nhieu ta can c lng khoang ben phai cho ky vong = M(X).
V n 30, 2 = D(X) cha biet nen ta co cong thc c lng
khoang ben trai cho ky vong:
(X z2
S
; +) ,
n
trong o z2 = 1,65. Suy ra trong lng trung bnh toi thieu la:
2
S
11, 0608
= 51, 96 1, 65
= 50,1350(kg) .
n
100
Vay vi o tin cay 95%, trong lng trung bnh toi thieu cua loai vat nuoi
tren la 50,1350kg.
X z2
c) Nhng con vat co trong lng t 60kg tr len c goi la nhng con
at tieu chuan. Hay c lng t le con at tieu chuan vi o tin cay
95%.
ay la bai toan c lng khoang cho t le p con at tieu chuan vi o
tin cay = 1- = 95% = 0,95. Ta co cong thc c lng khoang :
(Fn z
Fn (1 Fn )
F (1 Fn )
; Fn + z n
),
n
n

0, 3(1 0, 3)
0, 3(1 0, 3)
(0, 3 1, 96
; 0, 3 + 1, 96
) = (21, 02%; 38, 98%).
100
100
Noi cach khac, vi o tin cay 95%, t le con at tieu chuan nam trong
khoang t 21,02% en 38,98%.
d) Neu muon c lng t le con at tieu chuan vi o tin cay 99% va o
chnh xac 10% th can phai ieu tra them bao nhieu con vat na?
ay la bai toan xac nh c mau khi c lng t le con at tieu
chuan vi o chnh xac = 10% = 0,1 va o tin cay = 1- = 99% = 0,99.
Ta co cong thc tnh o chnh xac cua c lng:
= z
Fn (1 Fn )
,
n

c z = 2,58. Suy ra
n=
z2 Fn (1 Fn )
2
Thc te yeu cau:
z2 Fn (1 Fn ) 2, 582.0, 3(1 0, 3)
=
139, 7844.
2
0,12
Gia tr n nguyen nho nhat thoa bat ang thc tren la n1 = 140. V n1 =
140 > 100 (100 la c mau ang co) nen ta can ieu tra them t nhat la
140 -100 = 40 con vat na.
n
e) Vi o tin cay 90%, t le con at tieu chuan toi a cua loai vat nuoi
3
Ta co o tin cay = 1 - = 90% = 0,90 ( = 0,1).

- e biet t le toi a con at tieu chuan cua loai vat nuoi tren la bao
nhieu ta can c lng khoang ben trai cho t le p con at tieu chuan.
Ta co cong thc c lng khoang ben trai cho t le p :
(; Fn + z2
Fn (1 Fn )
),
n
trong o (z2) = (1- 2)/2 = 0,80/2 = 0,40. Tra bang gia tr ham Laplace
ta c z2 = 1,28. Suy ra t le toi a con at tieu chuan la:
Fn + z2
Fn (1 Fn )
0, 3(1 0, 3)
= 0, 3 + 1, 28
= 0, 3587 .
n
100
Vay vi o tin cay 90%, t le toi a con at tieu chuan cua loai vat nuoi
tren la 35,87%.
- e biet t le toi thieu con at tieu chuan cua loai vat nuoi tren la bao
nhieu ta can c lng khoang ben phai cho t le p con at tieu chuan.
Ta co cong thc c lng khoang ben phai cho t le p:
Fn (1 Fn )
; +) ,
n
(Fn z2
trong o z2 = 1,28. Suy ra t le toi thieu con at tieu chuan la:

Fn z2
Fn (1 Fn )
0, 3(1 0, 3)
= 0, 3 1, 28
= 0, 2413.
n
100
Vay vi o tin cay 90%, t le toi thieu con at tieu chuan cua loai vat nuoi
tren la 24,13%.
Bai 3.2. Can th 100 trai qut cua mot vn, ta co bang ket qua sau:
X(g)
So trai
40
3
50
10
60
12
70
15
80
28
90
16
100
11
110
5
trong o X ch trong lng (n v tnh gam).

a) Hay c lng trong lng trung bnh cua mot trai qut trong vn qut
tren vi o tin cay 94%.
b) Nhng trai qut co trong lng X > 75g la trai loai I. Hay c lng t
le trai loai I trong vn qut tren vi o tin cay 95%.
c) Nhng trai qut co trong lng X < 65g la trai loai III. Hay c lng
trong lung trung bnh cua mot trai qut loai III trong vn qut tren vi
o tin cay 99% (Gia s X co phan phoi chuan).
Li giai
Ta co:
n = 100;
X n
i
=7720;
n i = 625800.
X=
1
X in i = 77, 2(g).
n
2 = 1
S
X i2n i X 2 =(17, 2673)2 (g 2 ).
n

n 2
S2 =
S = (17, 3543) 2 (kg 2 ).
n 1
T le mau trai loai I la
Fn =
m
60
=
= 0, 6.
n 100
v trong n = 100 trai co m = 28 + 16 + 11 + 5 = 60 trai co trong lng

t 75g tr len, ngha la co 60 trai loai I.
Noi cach khac, vi o tin cay 95%, t le trai loai I t 50,40% en 69,60%.
c) Nhng trai qut co trong lng X < 65g la trai loai III. Hay c lng
trong lung trung bnh cua mot trai qut loai III trong vn qut tren vi
o tin cay 99% (Gia s X co phan phoi chuan).
ay la bai toan c lng khoang cho ky vong III = M(XIII) cua ch
tieu X = XIII cua nhng trai qut loai III vi o tin cay = 1- = 99% =
0,99.
Ta lap bang so lieu cua XIII:
40
50
60
XIIIi
nIIIi
3
10
12
T bang tren ta tnh c:
n III = 25;
Ky vong mau cua XIII la
a) Hay c lng trong lng trung bnh cua mot trai qut trong vn
qut tren vi o tin cay 94%.
ay la bai toan c lng khoang cho ky vong = M(X) vi o tin
cay = 1- = 94% = 0,94.
V n = 100 30, 2 = D(X) cha biet nen ta co cong thc c lng
khoang cho ky vong:
(X z
17, 3543
17, 3543
(77, 2 1, 88
; 77, 2 + 1, 88
) = (73, 94; 80, 46).
100
100
Noi cach khac, vi o tin cay 94%, trong lng trung bnh cua mot trai
quyt t 73,94g en 80,46g.
b) Nhng trai qut co trong lng X > 75g la trai loai I. Hay c lng t
le trai loai I trong vn qut tren vi o tin cay 95%.
ay la bai toan c lng khoang cho t le p cac trai loai I vi o tin
cay = 1- = 95% = 0,95.
Ta co cong thc c lng khoang:
(Fn z
Fn (1 Fn )
F (1 Fn )
; Fn + z n
)
n
n
trong o (z) = (1- )/2 = /2 = 0,95/2 = 0,475. Tra bang gia tr ham
Laplace ta c z = 1,96. Vay c lng khoang la:
(0, 60 1, 96
0, 6(1 0, 6)
0, 6(1 0, 6)
; 0, 60 + 1, 96
) = (50, 40%; 69, 60%)
100
100
5
1
n III
X III =
X IIIinIIIi = 53, 6 (g).
Phng sai mau cua XIII la:

2III = 1
S
n III
X 2IIIinIIIi X III2 =(6, 8586)2 (g 2 ).
Phng sai mau hieu chnh cua XIII la:
S
S
; X + z
)
n
n

X IIIinIIIi =1340; X 2IIIinIIIi =73000.
S2III =
n III 2
SIII = 72 (g 2 ).
n III 1
V nIII < 30, XIII co phan phoi chuan, III2 = D(XIII) cha biet, nen ta co
cong thc c lng khoang cho ky vong:
(X III -t k
SIII
S
;X III +t k III ) ,
n III
n III
k
trong o t c xac nh t bang phan phoi Student vi k = nIII 1= 24
va
= 1 - = 1 0,99 = 0,01. Tra bang phan phoi Student ta c
tk = 2,797 . Vay c lng khoang la:
7
7
; 53, 6 + 2, 797
) = (49, 68; 57, 52).
25
25
Noi cach khac, vi o tin cay 99%, trong lng trung bnh cua mot trai
qut loai III t 49,68g en 57,52g.
(53, 6 2, 797
Bai 3.3. e khao sat ch tieu X cua mot loai san pham cua x nghiep I,
ngi ta quan sat mot mau trong kho va co ket qua sau:
X(cm)
11-15 15-19 19-23 23-27 27-31 31-35 35-39
So spham
8
9
20
16
16
13
18
6
a) c lng gia tr trung bnh cua ch tieu X cua loai san pham tren
vi o tin cay 96%.
b) Neu c lng GTTB cua X vi o chnh xac 1,8cm th se at c
o tin cay la bao nhieu?
c) Neu c lng GTTB cua X vi o chnh xac 1,5cm va o tin cay
99% th phai ieu tra them t nhat bao nhieu san pham na?
d) Nhng san pham co ch tieu X t 19cm tr xuong c goi la nhng
san pham loai B. c lng gia tr trung bnh cua ch tieu X cua nhng
san pham loai B vi o tin cay 98% (GS X co phan phoi chuan).
e) Hay c lng t le san pham loai B vi o tin cay 92%. Bang so lieu
tren c chon ngau nhien t mot kho trong o co 1000 san pham loai B.
Hay c lng so san pham trong kho vi o tin cay 92%.
f) Neu c lng t le nhng sp loai B vi o chnh xac 6% th se at
c o tin cay la bao nhieu?
g) Neu c lng t le nhng san pham loai B vi o tin cay 96% va o
chnh xac 8% th can phai ieu tra them bao nhieu san pham na?
h) Gia s trong kho e lan 1000 san pham cua x nghiep II va trong 100
san pham lay t kho co 9 san pham cua x nghiep II. Hay c lng so
san pham cua x nghiep I co trong kho vi o tin cay 82%.
Li giai
a) c lng gia tr trung bnh cua ch tieu X cua loai san pham tren
vi o tin cay 96%.
= 1- = 96% = 0,96.
cho ky vong:
(X z
; X + z
(26, 36 2, 06
13
8
17
9
21
20
n = 100; X ini
25
16
=2636;
29
16
33
13
37
18
n i =75028.
1
X ini = 26, 36(cm).
n
2 = 1
S
X i2ni X 2 =(7, 4452)2 (cm2 ).
n
Phng sai mau a hieu chnh cua X la:

S2 =
Noi cach khac, vi o tin cay 96%, gia tr trung bnh cua ch tieu X nam
trong khoang t 24,82cm en 27,93 cm.
b) Neu c lng GTTB cua X vi o chnh xac 1,8cm th se at c o
tin cay la bao nhieu?
ay la bai toan xac nh o tin cay = 1- khi c lng ky vong cua
ch tieu X vi o chnh xac = 1,8cm.
V n 30, 2 = D(X) cha biet nen ta co cong thc tnh o chnh xac
cua c lng:
S
n
trong o (z) = /2. Suy ra

z =
n 1, 8. 100
=
= 2, 41.
S
7, 4827
Tra bang gia tr ham Laplace ta c
o tin cay la
= 2(z ) = 2(2, 41) = 2.0, 4920 = 98, 40%.
X=
7, 4827
7, 4827
; 26, 36 + 2, 06
) = (24, 82; 27, 90).
100
100
= z
Xi
ni

Lap bang
Ta co:
n 2
S = (7, 4827)2 (cm2 ).
n 1
Vay o tin cay at c la 98,40%.

c) Neu c lng GTTB cua X vi o chnh xac 1,5cm va o tin cay 99%
th phai ieu tra them t nhat bao nhieu san pham na?
ay la bai toan xac nh c mau khi c lng ky vong cua ch tieu X
vi o chnh xac = 1,5cm va o tin cay = 1- = 99% = 0,99. V n 30,
2 = D(X) cha biet nen ta co cong thc tnh o chnh xac cua c lng:
= z

c z = 2,58. Suy ra
8
z S
n=

Thc te yeu cau:
trong o
va
2
2, 58.7, 4827
z S
n =
165, 64.
1, 5

166 100 = 66 san pham na.
d) Nhng san pham co ch tieu X t 19cm tr xuong c goi la nhng
san pham loai B. c lng gia tr trung bnh cua ch tieu X cua nhng
san pham loai B vi o tin cay 98% (GS X co phan phoi chuan).
ay la bai toan c lng khoang cho ky vong B = M(XB) cua ch tieu
X = XB cua nhng san pham loai B vi o tin cay = 1- = 98% = 0,98.
Ta lap bang so lieu cua XB:
XBi
nBi
13
8
17
9
X Bi nBi =257; X
nB = 17;
Bi
n Bi =3, 953.
Ky vong mau cua XB la
1
X B = X Bi nBi = 15,1176 (cm).
n
Phng sai mau cua XB la:
2 = 1
S
B
X Bi2nBi X B2 =(1, 9965)2 (cm 2 ).
n
Phng sai mau a hieu chnh cua XB la:

SB 2 =
nB 2
SB = (2, 0580) 2 (cm 2 ).
nB 1
V nB < 30, XB co phan phoi chuan, 2B= D(XB) cha biet, nen ta co cong
thc c lng khoang cho ky vong:
( X B tk
SB
S
; X B + tk B ) ,
nB
nB
tk c xac nh t bang phan phoi Student vi k = nB1=16
= 1 - = 1 0,98 = 0,02. Tra bang phan phoi Student ta c
t k = 2, 583 . Vay c lng khoang la:
2, 0580
2, 0580
; 15,1176 + 2, 583
) = (13, 83; 16, 41).
17
17
Noi cach khac, vi o tin cay 98%, gia tr trung bnh cua ch tieu X cua
nhng san pham loai B nam trong khoang t 13,83cm en 16,41cm.
(15,1176 2, 583
e) Hay c lng t le nhng san pham loai B vi o tin cay 92%.

so lieu tren c chon ngau nhien t mot kho trong o co 1000 san
loai B. Hay c lng so san pham trong kho vi o tin cay 92%.
ay la bai toan c lng khoang cho t le p cac san pham loai
o tin cay = 1- = 92% = 0,92. Ta co cong thc c lng khoang
(Fn z
Bang
pham
B vi
:
Fn (1 Fn )
F (1 Fn )
; Fn + z n
),
n
n

c z = 1,75. Mat khac, trong n =100 san pham co m = 17 san pham
loai B nen t le mau san pham loai B la Fn = 0,17. Vay c lng khoang
la:
(0,17 1, 75
0,17(1 0,17)
0,17(1 0,17)
; 0,17 + 1, 75
) = (10, 43%; 23, 57%).
100
100
Noi cach khac, vi o tin cay 92%, t le san pham loai B nam trong
khoang t 10,43% en 23,57%.
Khi trong kho co 1000 san pham loai B, goi N la so san pham co trong
kho, ta co t le san pham loai B la 1000/N. Theo ket qua tren, vi o tin
cay 92%, t le cac san pham loai B t 10,43% en 23,57%, do o:
10,43%
1000
10,43
1000
23,57
100
N
100
100.1000
100.1000
N
23,57
10, 430
4242, 68 N 9587,73
23,57%
4243 N 9587
Vay vi o tin cay 92%, ta c lng trong kho co t 4243 en 9587 san
pham.
f) Neu c lng t le nhng sp loai B vi o chnh xac 6% th se at
c o tin cay la bao nhieu?
10
ay la bai toan xac nh o tin cay = 1- khi lng t le cac san

pham loai B vi o chnh xac = 6% = 0,06. Ta co cong thc tnh o
chnh xac cua c lng:
Fn (1 Fn )
,
n
= z
trong o
(z) = /2. Suy ra:
z =
n
100
= 0, 06.
= 1, 60.
Fn (1 Fn )
0,17(1 0,17)
Tra bang gia tr ham Laplace ta c o tin cay la
= 2(z ) = 2(1, 60) = 2.0, 4452 = 89, 04%.
g) Neu c lng t le nhng san pham loai B vi o tin cay 96% va o

chnh xac 8% th can phai ieu tra them bao nhieu san pham na?
ay la bai toan xac nh c mau khi c lng t le cac san pham loai
B vi o chnh xac = 8% = 0,08 va o tin cay = 1- = 96% = 0,96. Ta
co cong thc tnh o chnh xac cua c lng:
= z

c z = 1,34. Mat khac, theo gia thiet, trong n =100 san pham co 9
san pham cua x nghiep II tc la co 91 san pham cua x nghiep I, nen t
le mau san pham cua x nghiep I la Fn = 91/100 = 0,91. Vay c lng
khoang la:
0, 91(1 0, 91)
0, 91(1 0, 91)
(0, 91 1, 34
; 0, 91 + 1, 34
) = (87,17%; 94, 83%).
100
100
Noi cach khac, vi o tin cay 92%, t le san pham cua x nghiep I nam
trong khoang t 87,17% en 94,83%.
Bay gi goi N la so san pham cua x nghiep I co trong kho. Khi o:
- Tong so san pham co trong kho la N + 1000.
- T le san pham cua x nghiep I co trong kho la N/(N+1000).
Theo ket qua tren, vi o tin cay 82%, t le san pham cua x nghiep I
co trong kho nam trong khoang t 87,17% en 94,83%, do o:
87,17%
N + 1000
Fn (1 Fn )
,
n

c z = 2,06. Suy ra
n=
z2 Fn (1 Fn )
2
Thc te yeu cau:
N
94,83%
N + 1000
1000
87,17% 1
94,83%
N + 1000
1000
12, 83%
5,17%
N + 1000
1000
1000
-1000 N
-1000
12, 83%
5,17%
6794, 23 N 18342, 36
94,83% 87,17%
6795 N 18342
z2 Fn (1 Fn ) 2, 062.0,17(1 0,17)
=
93, 56.
2
0, 082
94 < 100 (100 la c mau ang co) nen ta khong can ieu tra them san
pham na.
h) Gia s trong kho e lan 1000 san pham cua x nghiep II va trong 100
san pham lay t kho co 9 san pham cua x nghiep II. Hay c lng so
san pham cua x nghiep I co trong kho vi o tin cay 82%.
Trc het ta c lng t le san pham cua x nghiep I co trong kho vi
o tin cay 82%. Ta co cong thc c lng khoang :
(Fn z
Fn (1 Fn )
F (1 Fn )
; Fn + z n
)
n
n
11
Vay vi o tin cay 82%, ta c lng so san pham cua x nghiep I co

trong kho nam trong khoang t 6795 en 18342.
Bai 3.4. e khao sat chieu cao X cua mot giong cay trong, ngi ta quan
sat mot mau va co ket qua sau:
X(cm)
So cay
95-105
10
105-115
10
115-125
15
125-135
30
135-145
10
145-155
10
155-165
15
a) c lng chieu cao trung bnh cua giong cay trong tren vi o tin
cay 96%.
b) Neu muon c lng chieu cao trung bnh cua giong cay trong tren vi
o tin cay 99% va o chnh xac 4 cm th can phai ieu tra them bao
nhieu cay na?
c) Neu c lng chieu cao trung bnh cua giong cay trong tren vi o
chnh xac 4,58cm th se at c o tin cay la bao nhieu?
12
d) Nhng cay trong co chieu cao t 135cm tr len c goi la nhng cay
cao. Hay c lng t le nhng cay caovi o tin cay 95%.

e) Neu c lng t le nhng nhng cay cao vi o chnh xac 10% th
se at c o tin cay la bao nhieu?
f) Neu c lng t le nhng nhng cay cao vi o tin cay 95% va o
chnh xac 11% th can phai ieu tra them bao nhieu cay na?
g) c lng chieu cao trung bnh cua cac cay cao cua giong cay trong
n = 100;
X n
i
Ky vong mau cua X la X =

=13100;
1
X ini = 131(cm).
n
n 2
S = (18, 2297)2 (cm 2 ).
n 1
a) c lng chieu cao trung bnh cua giong cay trong tren vi o tin
cay 96%.
= 1- = 96% = 0,96.
cho ky vong:
(X z
; X + z
),

(131 2, 06
S
,
n
z S
n= .

ni =1749000.
2 = 1
S
X 2i ni X 2 =(18,1384)2 (cm2 ).
n
S2 =
= z
trong o (z) = /2 = 0,99/2 = 0, 495. Tra bang gia tr ham Laplace ta

c z = 2,58. Suy ra
Li giai
Ta co:
b) Neu muon c lng chieu cao trung bnh cua giong cay trong tren vi
o tin cay 99% va o chnh xac 4cm th can phai ieu tra them bao nhieu
cay na?
ay la bai toan xac nh c mau khi c lng ky vong cua ch tieu X
vi o chnh xac = 4cm va o tin cay = 99% = 0,99.
cua c lng:
18, 2297
18, 2297
; 131 + 2, 06
) = (127, 2447; 134, 7553).
100
100
Thc te yeu cau:

z S
n

2, 58.18, 2297
=
138, 254.
4
139 100 = 39 cay na.
c) Neu c lng chieu cao trung bnh cua giong cay trong tren vi o
chnh xac 4,58cm th se at c o tin cay la bao nhieu?
ch tieu X vi o chnh xac = 4,58cm.
cua c lng:
= z
trong o (z) = /2 . Suy ra
z =
n 4, 58. 100
=
= 2, 5123.
S
18, 2297
= 2(z ) = 2(2, 5123) = 2(2, 52) = 2.0, 4941 = 98, 82%.
Noi cach khac, vi o tin cay 96%, chieu cao trung bnh cua mot cay nam
trong khoang t 127,2447cm en 134,7553cm.
d) Nhng cay trong co chieu cao t 135cm tr len c goi la nhng cay
cao. Hay c lng t le nhng cay caovi o tin cay 95%.
ay la bai toan c lng khoang cho t le p cac cay cao vi o tin cay
= 1- = 95% = 0,95. Ta co cong thc c lng khoang :
13
14
(Fn z
Fn (1 Fn )
Fn (1 Fn )
; Fn + z
),
n
n

c z = 1,96. Trong n = 100 cay co m = 10 + 10 + 15 = 35 cay co
chieu cao t 135cm tr len nen t le mau cac cay cao la Fn = 35/100 =
0,35. Vay c lng khoang la:
(0, 35 1, 96
0, 35(1 0, 35)
0, 35(1 0, 35)
; 0, 35 + 1, 96
) = (25, 65%; 44, 35%).
100
100
Noi cach khac, vi o tin cay 95%, t le cay cao nam trong khoang t
25,65% en 44,35%.
e) Neu c lng t le nhng nhng cay cao vi o chnh xac 10% th se
at c o tin cay la bao nhieu?
ay la bai toan xac nh o tin cay khi lng t le cay cao vi o
chnh xac = 10% = 0,1.
= z
trong o
Fn (1 Fn )
,
n
(z) = /2 . Ta co t le mau cay cao la: Fn = 0,35. Suy ra
z =
n
100
= 0,1.
= 2, 0966.
Fn (1 Fn )
0, 35(1 0, 35)

= 2(z ) = 2(2, 0966) = 2(2,1) = 2.0, 4821 = 96, 42%.
f) Neu c lng t le nhng nhng cay cao vi o tin cay 95% va o

chnh xac 11% th can phai ieu tra them bao nhieu cay na?
ay la bai toan xac nh c mau khi c lng t le cay cao vi o
chnh xac = 11% = 0,11 va o tin cay = 1- = 95% = 0,95.
= z
Fn (1 Fn )
,
n

c z = 1,96. Suy ra
n=
Thc te yeu cau:
z2 Fn (1 Fn )
z2 Fn (1 Fn ) 1, 962.0, 35(1 0, 35)

=
72, 23.
2
0,112
15
73 < 100 (100 la c mau ang co) nen ta khong can ieu tra them cay
nao na.
g) c lng chieu cao trung bnh cua cac cay cao cua giong cay trong
ay la bai toan c lng khoang cho ky vong C = M(XC) cua ch
tieu X = XC cua nhng cay cao vi o tin cay = 1- = 94% = 0,94. Ta
lap bang so lieu cua XC:

nC = 35;
XCi
nCi
140
10
150
10
160
15
X CinCi = 5300; X Ci2 nCi = 805000.
Ky vong mau cua XC la:

XC =
Phng sai mau cua XC la:
1
X CinCi = 151, 4286(cm).
n
C2 = 1
S
X Ci2 nCi X C2 =(8, 3299)2 (cm2 ).
n
Phng sai mau a hieu chnh cua XC la:

SC2 =
nC 2
SC = (8, 4515)2 (cm 2 ).
nC 1
V nC = 35 > 30, 2C = D(XC) cha biet, nen ta co cong thc c lng

khoang cho ky vong:
(X C z
SC
nC
; X C + z
SC
nC
),

8, 4515
8, 4515
(151, 4286 1, 88
; 151, 4286 + 1, 88
) = (148, 74; 154,11).
35
35
Noi cach khac, vi o tin cay 94%, chieu cao trung bnh cua cay cao nam
trong khoang t 148,74cm en 154,11cm.
Bai 3.5. Trai cay cua mot chu hang c ng trong cac sot, moi sot 100
trai. Ngi ta kiem tra 50 sot th thay co 450 trai khong at tieu chuan.
a) c lng t le trai khong at tieu chuan cua lo hang tren vi o tin
cay 95%.
b) Neu muon c lng t le trai khong at tieu chuan vi o chnh xac
0,5% th se at c o tin cay la bao nhieu?
16
c) Neu muon c lng t le trai khong at tieu chuan vi o chnh xac

1% va o tin cay 99% th phai ieu tra them t nhat bao nhieu sot na?
Li giai
So trai trong 100 sot la 50100 = 5000. Do o:
C mau n = 5000.
So trai khong at tieu chuan la: m = 450.
T le mau cac trai khong at tieu chuan la:
Fn = m/n = 450/5000 = 0,09.
a) c lng t le trai khong at tieu chuan cua lo hang tren vi o tin
cay 95%.
ay la bai toan c lng khoang cho t le p cac trai khong at tieu
chuan vi o tin cay = 1- = 95% = 0,95.
(Fn z
Fn (1 Fn )
F (1 Fn )
; Fn + z n
)
n
n
(0, 09 1, 96
0, 09(1 0, 09)
0, 09(1 0, 09)
; 0, 09 + 1, 96
) = (8, 21%; 9, 79%) .
5000
5000
Noi cach khac, vi o tin cay 95%, t le trai khong at tieu chuan t
8,21% en 9,79%.
b) Neu muon c lng t le trai khong at tieu chuan vi o chnh xac
0,5% th se at c o tin cay la bao nhieu?
Yeu cau cua bai toan: Xac nh o tin cay = 1- .
Gia thiet: - c khoang cho t le trai khong at tieu chuan.
- o chnh xac = 0,5% = 0,005.
= z
Fn (1 Fn )
n
c) Neu muon c lng t le trai khong at tieu chuan vi o chnh xac

1% va o tin cay 99% th phai ieu tra them t nhat bao nhieu sot na?
Yeu cau cua bai toan: Xac nh c mau.
Gia thiet: - c khoang cho t le trai khong at tieu chuan.
- o chnh xac = 1% = 0,01.
- o tin cay = 1- = 99% = 0,99.
trong o (z) = (1- ) /2 = 0,99/2 = 0,495. Tra bang gia tr ham Laplace
ta c z = 2,58. Suy ra
n=
Thc te yeu cau:

n
z2 Fn (1 Fn )
2
n
5000
= 0, 005.
= 1, 24.
Fn (1 Fn )
0, 09(1 0, 09)
Tra bang gia tr ham Laplace ta c o tin cay la:
= 2(z ) = 2(1, 24) = 2.0, 3925 = 79, 5%.
z2 Fn (1 Fn )
2, 582.0, 09(1 0, 09)

5451,6.
0, 012
Gia tr n nguyen nho nhat thoa bat ang thc tren la n1 = 5452.
V n1 = 5452 > 5000 (5000 la c mau ang co) nen ta can ieu tra them
t nhat la 5452 5000 = 452 trai, ngha la khoang 5 sot na.
Bai 3.6. e nghien cu nhu cau cua mot loai hang mot khu vc, ngi
ta khao sat 400 ho gia nh. Ket qua nh sau:
Nhu cau (kg/thang/ho)
So ho
0-1
10
1-2
35
2-3
86
4-5
78
5-6 6-7
31 18
7-8
10
Li giai
Goi X(kg) la nhu cau cua mot ho ve loai hang tren trong mot thang. Ta co:
Xi
ni
0,5
10
1,5
35
2,5
86
3,5
132
4,5
78

17
3-4
132
Cho biet trong khu vc co 4000 ho.

a) c lng nhu cau trung bnh ve mat hang nay cua toan khu vc trong
mot nam vi o tin cay 95%.
b) Khi c lng nhu cau trung bnh ve mat hang nay cua toan khu vc
trong mot nam, neu ta muon at c o tin cay 99% va o chnh xac la
4,8tan th can khao sat t nhat bao nhieu ho gia nh?
trong o (z) = /2 . Suy ra

z =
Fn (1 Fn )
n
= z
18
5,5 6,5
31 18
7,5
10
X n
n = 400;
Ky vong mau cua X la X =

=1448;
n i = 6076.
1
X in i = 3, 62.
n
2 = 1
S
X 2i ni X 2 =(1, 4442)2 .
n
trong mot thang vi o tin cay = 1- = 0,99 va o chnh xac =

4800/(400012) = 0,1kg. Nh vay, ta a ve bai toan xac nh c mau
khi c lng ky vong cua ch tieu X vi o chnh xac = 0,1 va o tin
cay = 1- = 99% = 0,99.
cua c lng:
= z

S2 =
n 2
S = (1, 4460)2 .
n 1
a) c lng nhu cau trung bnh ve mat hang nay cua toan khu vc trong
mot nam vi o tin cay 95%.
Trc het ta c lng nhu cau trung bnh ve mat hang nay cua mot
ho trong khu vc trong mot thang vi o tin cay 95%.
= 1- = 95% = 0,95.
cho ky vong:
(X z
S
S
; X + z
),
n
n

1, 4460
1, 4460
(3, 62 1, 96
; 3, 62 + 1, 96
) = (3, 4783; 3, 7617).
400
400
Noi cach khac, vi o tin cay 95%, nhu cau trung bnh ve mat hang nay
cua mot ho trong khu vc trong mot thang nam trong khoang t
3,4783kg en 3,7617kg. Xet 4000 ho trong mot nam 12 thang, ta co cac
nhu cau tng ng la:
3,4783400012 = 166958,4kg = 166,9584tan;
3,7617400012 = 180561,6kg = 180,5616tan.
Ket luan: Vi o tin cay 95%, nhu cau trung bnh ve mat hang nay cua
toan khu vc trong mot nam nam trong khoang t 166,9584tan en
180,5616tan.
b) Khi c lng nhu cau trung bnh ve mat hang nay cua toan khu vc
trong mot nam, neu ta muon at c o tin cay 99% va o chnh xac
la 4,8tan th can khao sat t nhat bao nhieu ho gia nh?
Khi c lng nhu cau trung bnh ve mat hang nay cua toan khu vc
trong mot nam vi o tin cay 99% va o chnh xac la 4,8 tan= 4800kg,
ngha la ta c lng nhu cau trung bnh ve mat hang nay cua mot ho
19
trong o (z) = /2 = 0,99/2 = 0, 495. Tra bang gia tr ham Laplace ta

c z = 2,58. Suy ra
2
z S
n= .

Thc te yeu cau:

z S
n

2, 58 1, 4460
=
1391, 8.
0,1
Gia tr n nguyen nho nhat thoa bat ang thc tren la n1 = 1392. Vay
can khao sat t nhat la 1392 ho gia nh.
Bai 3.7. e biet so lng ca trong ho ln ngi ta bat len 2000 con anh
dau xong roi tha chung xuong ho. Sau o ngi ta bat len 400 con va thay
co 80 con c anh dau.
a) Vi o tin cay 95%, hay c lng so ca co trong ho.
b) c lng so ca toi a co trong ho vi o tin cay 96%.
c) c lng so ca toi thieu co trong ho vi o tin cay 94%.
Li giai
Goi N la so ca co trong ho. Khi o t le ca c anh dau co trong ho
la p = 2000/N.
Vi mau thu c, ta co:
C mau n = 400.
So con c anh dau trong mau la: m = 80.
T le mau con c anh dau la:
Fn = m/n = 80/400 = 0,2.
a) Vi o tin cay 95%, hay c lng so ca co trong ho.
Trc het ta c lng khoang cho t le p cac con c anh dau vi
o tin cay = 1- = 95% = 0,95.
20
(Fn z
Fn (1 Fn )
F (1 Fn )
; Fn + z n
),
n
n
0, 2(1 0, 2)
0, 2(1 0, 2)
(0, 2 1, 96
; 0, 2 + 1, 96
) = (16, 08%; 23, 92%)
400
400
Nh vay, vi o tin cay 95%, t le con c anh dau nam trong khoang
t 16,08% en 23,92%, do o:
2000
16,08%
2000
2000
23,92%
N
23, 92%
16, 08%
8361,20 N 12437,81
8362 N 12437
Vay vi o tin cay 95%, ta c lng so ca co trong ho khoang t 8362
en 12437 con.
b) c lng so ca toi a co trong ho vi o tin cay 96%.
So ca toi a co trong ho tg ng vi gia tr toi thieu cua t le con c
anh dau. Do o trc het ta c lng khoang ben phai cho t le p cac
con c anh dau vi o tin cay = 1- = 96% = 0,96 ( = 0,04).
Ta co cong thc c lng khoang ben phai:
(Fn z2
Fn (1 Fn )
; +)
n
trong o (z2) = (1- 2)/2 = /2 = 0,92/2 = 0,46. Tra bang gia tr ham
Laplace ta c z2 = 1,75. Suy ra gia tr toi thieu cua t le con c anh
dau la:
Fn z2
Fn (1 Fn )
0, 2(1 0, 2)
= 0, 2 1,75
= 0,165.
n
400
Nh vay, vi o tin cay 96%, ta co
2000
2000
0,165 N
= 12121, 2
N
0,165
Vay vi o tin cay 96%, so ca toi a co trong ho la 12121.

c) c lng so ca toi thieu co trong ho vi o tin cay 94%.
So ca toi thieu co trong ho tng ng vi gia tr toi a cua t le con
c anh dau. Do o trc het ta c lng khoang ben trai cho t le p
cac con c anh dau vi o tin cay = 1- = 94% = 0,94 ( = 0,06).
Ta co cong thc c lng khoang ben trai:
(; Fn + z2
Fn (1 Fn )
),
n
21
Laplace ta c z2 = 1,56. Suy ra gia tr toi a cua t le con c anh
dau la:
Fn + z2
Fn (1 Fn )
0, 2(1 0, 2)
= 0, 2 + 1, 56
= 0, 2312.
n
400
Nh vay, vi o tin cay 94%, ta co
2000
2000
0,2312 N
= 8650,5
N
0, 2312
Vay vi o tin cay 94%, so ca toi thieu co trong ho la 8651.

Bai 3.8. Trc ky bau c tong thong ngi ta phong van ngau nhien 1800
c tri th thay co 1180 ngi ung ho c tri A. Vi o tin cay 99%, hoi ng
c vien A co the thu c toi thieu bao nhieu phan tram so phieu bau? Va
toi a la bao nhieu?
Li giai
Vi mau thu c, ta co:
C mau n = 1800.
So ngi ung ho ng c vien A la m = 1180.
T le mau so ngi ung ho la:
Fn = m/n = 1180/1800 = 0.6556.
Vi o tin cay 99%, e biet ng c vien A co the thu c toi thieu bao
nhieu phan tram so phieu bau ta can c lng khoang ben phai cho t le
p nhng ngi ung ho vi o tin cay = 1- = 99% = 0,99 ( = 0,01).
Ta co cong thc c lng khoang ben phai:
(Fn z2
Fn (1 Fn )
; +)
n
Laplace ta c z2 = 2,33. Suy ra gia tr toi thieu cua t le ngi ung ho
la:
Fn z2
Fn (1 Fn )
0, 6556(1 0, 6556)
= 0, 6556 2, 33
= 0,6295.
n
1800
Nh vay, vi o tin cay 99%, ng c vien A co the thu c toi thieu la

62,95% so phieu bau.
Vi o tin cay 99%, e biet ng c vien A co the thu c toi a bao
nhieu phan tram so phieu bau ta can c lng khoang ben trai cho t le
p nhng ngi ung ho vi o tin cay = 1- = 99% = 0,99 ( = 0,01).
Ta co cong thc c lng khoang ben trai:
22
Fn (1 Fn )
),
n
(; Fn + z2
trong o z2 = 2,33. Suy ra gia tr toi a cua t le ngi ung ho la:

Fn + z2
Fn (1 Fn )
0, 6556(1 0, 6556)
= 0, 6556 + 2, 33
= 0,6817.
n
1800
Nh vay, vi o tin cay 99%, ng c vien A co the thu c toi a la

68,17% so phieu bau.
Bai 3.9. Khao sat thu nhap va ty le thu nhap chi cho giao duc 350 ho
gia nh, ta thu c cac so lieu bang sau:
X
10
20
30
40
50
Y
150 - 250
10
40
20
250 - 350
40
60
20
350 - 450
20
30
40
450 - 550
30
30
10
trong o : X la ty le thu nhap chi cho giao duc (tnh theo %)
Y la thu nhap bnh quan 1 ngi/thang cua mot ho (n v tnh
ngan ong).
a) c lng gia tr trung bnh cua ty le thu nhap chi cho giao duc cua
mot ho gia nh vi o tin cay 95% .
b) Nhng gia nh co thu nhap bnh quan ngi tren 450 la ho co thu
nhap cao. c lng ty le ho co thu nhap cao vi o tin cay 97%.
c) e c lng gia tr trung bnh cua ty le thu nhap chi cho giao duc vi
o chnh xac = 0,8% th am bao o tin cay la bao nhieu?
Li giai
C mau: n = 350.
X=
1
X in Xi = 29,7143.
n
2X = 1
S
X i2n Xi X 2 =(8,7785)2 .
n
Phng sai mau a hieu chnh cua X la:

S2X =
n 2
S X = (8,7910) 2 .
n 1
23
a) c lng gia tr trung bnh cua ty le thu nhap chi cho giao duc cua
mot ho gia nh vi o tin cay 95% .
= 1- = 95% = 0,95.
cho ky vong:
(X z
SX
; X + z
SX
),

8, 7910
8, 7910
(29, 7143 1, 96
; 29, 7143 + 1, 96
) = (28,7933;30,6353).
350
350
Noi cach khac, vi o tin cay 95%, gia tr trung bnh cua ty le thu nhap
chi cho giao duc cua mot ho gia nh t 28,7933% en 30,6353%.
b) Nhng gia nh co thu nhap bnh quan ngi tren 450 la ho co thu
nhap cao. c lng ty le ho co thu nhap cao vi o tin cay 97%.
ay la bai toan c lng khoang cho t le p cac ho co thu nhap cao
vi o tin cay = 1- = 97% = 0,97.
Ta co cong thc c lng khoang :
(Fn z
Fn (1 Fn )
F (1 Fn )
; Fn + z n
)
n
n
trong o (z) = (1- )/2 = /2 = 0,97/2 = 0,485.

Tra bang gia tr ham Laplace ta c z = 2,17.
C mau n = 350.
Trong n = 350 ho co m = 30 + 30 + 10 = 70 ho co thu nhap bnh
quan ngi tren 450 nen co m = 70 ho co thu nhap cao. Do o t le mau
ho co thu nhap cao la:
Fn = m/n = 70/350 = 0,2.
Vay c lng khoang la:
0, 2(1 0, 2)
0, 2(1 0, 2)
; 0, 2 + 2,17
) = (15, 36%; 24, 64%). .
350
350
Noi cach khac, vi o tin cay 97%, t le ho co thu nhap cao t 15,36% en
24,64%.
(0, 2 2,17
c) e c lng gia tr trung bnh cua ty le thu nhap chi cho giao duc vi
o chnh xac = 0,8% th am bao o tin cay la bao nhieu?
Yeu cau cua bai toan: Xac nh o tin cay = 1- .
24
Gia thiet: - c khoang cho ky vong cua X.

- o chnh xac = 0,8 (%).
V n 30, 2 = D(X) cha biet nen ta co cong thc tnh o chnh xac cua
c lng:
= z
S
,
n
trong o (z) = (1- )/2 = /2 . Suy ra

z =
n 0, 8. 350
=
= 1,70
S
8,7910
= 2(z ) = 2(1, 70) = 2.0, 4554 = 91, 08%.

Bai 3.10. X(%) va Y(kg/mm2 ) la hai ch tieu chat lng cua mot loai san
pham. Quan sat mot so san pham ta co bang so lieu nh sau:
X 0-5 5-10 10-15 15-20
20-25
Y
120
7
130
12
8
10
140
20
15
2
150
19
16
9
5
160
8
3
San pham co ch tieu X 15% la loai A.
a) c lng t le san pham loai A o tin cay 95%.
b) c lng gia tr trung bnh ch tieu Y cua nhng san pham loai A
vi o tin cay 95% (Gia s Y co phan phoi chuan).
c) Neu muon c lng gia tr trung bnh cua ch tieu Y vi o chnh
xac 1,6 kg/mm2 th se am bao c o tin cay la bao nhieu?
Li giai
Fn = m/n = 27/134 = 0,2015.

(Fn z
Fn (1 Fn )
Fn (1 Fn )
; Fn + z
)
n
n

0, 2015(1 0, 2015)
0, 2015(1 0, 2015)
; 0, 2015 + 1, 96
)
134
134
= (0,1336; 0, 2694) = (13, 36%; 26, 94%).
(0, 2015 1, 96
Noi cach khac, vi o tin cay 95%, t le san pham loai A t 13,36% en
26,94%.
b) c lng gia tr trung bnh ch tieu Y cua nhng san pham loai A vi
o tin cay 95% (Gia s Y co phan phoi chuan).
ay la bai toan c lng khoang cho ky vong YA = M(YA) cua ch
tieu Y = YA cua nhng san pham loai A vi o tin cay = 1- = 95% =
0,95.
Ta lap bang so lieu cua YA:
n A = 27;
140
2
YAi
nAi
Ai
n Ai =4140;
Ky vong mau cua YA la
YA =
Phng sai mau cua YA la:
150
14
160
11
Ai
n Ai =635800.
1
YAin Ai = 153, 3333.
n
2
2YA = 1
S
YAi2n Ai Y A =(6, 0858)2 .
n
a) c lng t le san pham loai A o tin cay 95%.

ay la bai toan c lng khoang cho t le p cac san pham loai A vi
o tin cay = 1- = 95% = 0,95.
T bang so lieu a cho ta tnh c:
C mau: n = 134.
Trong n = 134 san pham co m = 2 + 9 + 8 + 5 + 3 = 27 san pham
co ch tieu X 15% nen co m = 27 san pham loai A. Do o t le mau
san pham loai A la:
V nA < 30, YA co phan phoi chuan, 2YA= D(XA) cha biet, nen ta co cong
thc c lng khoang cho ky vong:
25
26
Phng sai mau a hieu chnh cua YA la:
S2YA =
nA 2
S YA = (6, 2017)2 .
nA 1
(Y A t k
trong o
S YA
S
; Y A + t k YA ) ,
nA
nA
tk c xac nh t bang phan phoi Student vi k = nA1=26
va = 1- = 10,95 = 0,05. Tra bang phan phoi Student ta c

t k = 2, 056 . Vay c lng khoang la:
6, 2017
6, 2017
; 153, 3333 + 2, 056
) = (150, 8794; 155, 7872).
27
27
Noi cach khac, vi o tin cay 95%, gia tr trung bnh cua ch tieu Y cua
nhng san pham loai A t 150,8794kg/mm2 en 155,7872kg/mm2.
(153, 3333 2, 056
c) Neu muon c lng gia tr trung bnh cua ch tieu Y vi o chnh

xac 1,6 kg/mm2 th se am bao c o tin cay la bao nhieu?
ch tieu Y vi o chnh xac = 1,6kg/mm2.
T bang so lieu a cho ta tnh c:
C mau: n = 134.
Ky vong mau cua Y la
1
Yjn Yj = 142, 0149.
n
Y=
Phng sai mau cua Y la:
2Y = 1
S
Yi2n Yi Y 2 =(10, 4224)2 .
n
Phng sai mau a hieu chnh cua Y la:
S2Y =
n 2
SY = (10, 4615)2 .
n 1
V n 30, 2Y= D(Y) cha biet nen ta co cong thc tnh o chnh xac
cua c lng:
= z
SY
trong o (z) = /2. Suy ra

z =
n 1, 6. 134
=
= 1, 77
SY
10, 4615

= 2(z ) = 2(1, 77) 2.0, 4646 = 92, 92%.
----------------------------------------27

Baigiai Thongke Chuong3

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BAI GIAI

XAC SUAT THONG KE

LY THUYET MAU VA C LNG

Ky vong mau cua X la

trong o (z) = /2 = 0,96/2 = 0,48. Tra bang gia tr ham Laplace ta

v trong n = 100 con co m = 10 + 10 + 10 = 30 con co trong lng t

Phng sai mau cua X la:

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trong o (z) = /2 = 0,95/2 = 0,475. Tra bang gia tr ham Laplace ta

trong o (z) = /2 = 0,99/2 = 0,495. Tra bang gia tr ham Laplace ta

Thc te yeu cau:

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Ta co o tin cay = 1 - = 90% = 0,90 ( = 0,1).

trong o z2 = 1,28. Suy ra t le toi thieu con at tieu chuan la:

trong o X ch trong lng (n v tnh gam).

Ky vong mau cua X la

Phng sai mau hieu chnh cua X la:

v trong n = 100 trai co m = 28 + 16 + 11 + 5 = 60 trai co trong lng

Ky vong mau cua XIII la

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X IIIinIIIi = 53, 6 (g).

Phng sai mau cua XIII la:

X 2IIIinIIIi X III2 =(6, 8586)2 (g 2 ).

Phng sai mau hieu chnh cua XIII la:

trong o (z) = /2 = 0,94/2 = 0,47. Tra bang gia tr ham Laplace ta

X IIIinIIIi =1340; X 2IIIinIIIi =73000.

= 1 - = 1 0,99 = 0,01. Tra bang phan phoi Student ta c

tk = 2,797 . Vay c lng khoang la:

Phng sai mau cua X la:

Phng sai mau a hieu chnh cua X la:

trong o (z) = /2. Suy ra

Tra bang gia tr ham Laplace ta c

= 2(z ) = 2(2, 41) = 2.0, 4920 = 98, 40%.

Ky vong mau cua X la

trong o (z) = /2 = 0,96/2 = 0,48. Tra bang gia tr ham Laplace ta

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Vay o tin cay at c la 98,40%.

trong o (z) = /2 = 0,99/2 = 0,495. Tra bang gia tr ham Laplace ta

Thc te yeu cau:

T bang tren ta tnh c:

Ky vong mau cua XB la

Phng sai mau cua XB la:

Phng sai mau a hieu chnh cua XB la:

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tk c xac nh t bang phan phoi Student vi k = nB1=16

= 1 - = 1 0,98 = 0,02. Tra bang phan phoi Student ta c

t k = 2, 583 . Vay c lng khoang la:

e) Hay c lng t le nhng san pham loai B vi o tin cay 92%.

trong o (z) = /2 = 0,92/2 = 0,46. Tra bang gia tr ham Laplace ta

ay la bai toan xac nh o tin cay = 1- khi lng t le cac san

(z) = /2. Suy ra:

Tra bang gia tr ham Laplace ta c o tin cay la

= 2(z ) = 2(1, 60) = 2.0, 4452 = 89, 04%.

g) Neu c lng t le nhng san pham loai B vi o tin cay 96% va o

trong o (z) = /2 = 0,82/2 = 0,41. Tra bang gia tr ham Laplace ta

trong o (z) = /2 = 0,96/2 = 0,48. Tra bang gia tr ham Laplace ta

Thc te yeu cau:

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Vay vi o tin cay 82%, ta c lng so san pham cua x nghiep I co

cao. Hay c lng t le nhng cay caovi o tin cay 95%.

Ky vong mau cua X la X =

Phng sai mau hieu chnh cua X la:

trong o (z) = /2 = 0,96/2 = 0,48. Tra bang gia tr ham Laplace ta