8

)*(

-1 .
-2 :
( .
( .

-4

P PCM PGCD

-5 .
-6 .
-7 .

:


.



.

200m2

150m2

250m2

200m2

300m2

m2

. 250

6000m2 < S < 5000m2

S 150[ 200] S 200[ 250]

S 250[300]

S + 50 0[ 200] : S + 50 0[ 250] S + 50 0[300]

S + 50
S + 50

300 250 200

300 250 200

PPCM ( 200250300 ) = 10 PPCM ( 202530)

= 10 5PPCM ( 456)
= 10 5 2 5 6 = 3000
:
:

m = 3000

S + 50 : 3000

S + 50 = 3000 k , k *

S = 3000k - 50 :

k *

5000 < S < 6000 : 5000 < 3000 k - 50 < 6000 :

5050 < 3000 k < 6050

5050
6050
<<k
3000
3000
S = 3000 2 - 50 :
k = 2
:

:
:

S = 5950m2

1,68 < k < 2,01

.

. 875 m
50 s . 40 s

40 s

55 s

) (.

45 km /h

(1
(2
(3

M90

90 .86400

(4

M95

95 .86400

(5

M90 M 95

(6

(7

-I :
(1 :

.
:
2 *

6 *

1 2

1236 :

1 * .1

0 *

17 * 1 .17

(2 1

n ( n 1,n 0)

d d 2 n :

n 1

1 0

d 1

. :

n = dq

q n 1 n

 d q :

d 2 dq

d 2 n

(3 :
:

d 2 n n

191

191

d2

11

121 169 289

49

25

d2

13

17

191

17 2 > 191 : 17 191 191

(4 2

.
:

n n
( n!+ 1) n! = n ( n - 1)( n - 2 )... 2:

1< d n n!

( n!+ 1) n!

( n!+ 1)

 ( n!+ 1) n

) .( n !+ 1

( n!+ 1) n
n

.
(5 :

. 20 9 20

(6 3

d n

d n

d 1 d

d . 1 n d

d n

:
* .
*
*

a1 , a 2,...,an

( a1 a2 ... a n)

( a1 a2 ... a n)

a1 , a 2,...,an

.
(7 :

n > 1

q1

d1 n = d1 .q 1 :

q1
:

n = d1d 2 q2

q2

q2

d2 q1 = d 2 .q 2 :

n
n = d1 d2 ... d p :
d < d2 < ...< d p :

. 1

n = k1 k2 ... ks

k1 < k2 < ...< ks

(1)...d1 d 2 ... d p = k1 k2 ... ks :

d1

k1 k2 ... ks

k1 k1 d1 :

k1 d1 d 2 ... d p

k1

d1 d1 k1 : d1 = k1 :

d 2 d3 ... d p = k2 k3 ... ks

d 2 = k2 :

d 3 = k3

d s = ks

s< p

k1 k2 ... ks d s+1 ... d p = k1 k2 ... ks

d s+1 ... d p = 1 :

n n = a1p a2p ... aqq :

a a

1 , 2,..., q :

p1, p2,...,pq

7560 :

7560 = 23 33 5 7

7560 2
3780 2
1890 2
945 3
315 3
105 3
35 5
7 7
1
80000 :

80000 = 8 10 4 = 23 ( 2 5 ) = 23 24 54

80000 = 27 54

(8 :

:
P

n = a1P a 2P ... a qq
2

(1 + p1 )(1 + p2 ) ... (1 + pq -1)(1+ pq)

:
:

n = a1P a 2P ... a qq

d N

0 a1 p1

d = a1a a 2a ... a qq
2

...

0 a 2 p2

(1+ p1)
(1+ p2)

a1

0 a q pq

a2

M
(1+ pq)

aq

(1 + p1 )(1 + p2) ... (1+ pq) :

180

. .

:
:

180 = 18 10 = 32 2 10 = 22 32 5

180

(1 + 2 )(1 + 2 )(1 + 1)= 18

* 180
:

: 180

0a 2

0b 2

b =0
a =0

b =1
b =2
b =0

a =1

b =1
b =2
b =0

a =2

b =1
b =2

2a 3b 5g

0 g 1
180

g =0

g =1

0 =g

g =1

15

0 =g

g =1

45

0 =g

g =1

10

0 =g

g =1

30

0 =g

18

g =1

90

0 =g

g =1

20

0 =g

12

g =1

60

0 =g

36

g =1

180

 (9 :
:

n1,n2,...,np

n1,n2,...,np :

PGCD(1000480250)

:
3

1000 = 103 = ( 2 5 ) = 23 53
480 = 48 10 = 3 16 2 5 = 25 3 5
:

250 = 25 10 = 52 2 5 = 2 53
PGCD (1000480250 )= 2 5 =10

(10 :
:

n1,n2,...,np
n1,n2,...,np :

.
:

PPCM(1000480250)
:

1000 = 2 3 53 480 = 25 3 5250 = 2 53

PPCM (1000480250 )= 25 3 53 = 12000 :

 -II :

(1 1

) : ( .

d a

b
:

p gcd ( 249 )= 3

a 0 b 0 a 0 a + b 0b = d :

a 0 b 0 24a 0 + 9 b 0 = 3 :

a 0 = -1 b 0 = 3

(2 2

24 ( -1) + 9 ( 3)=3

) ( :

a b

b , a a a + b b = 1

* a b

p gcd ( a b )= 1 :

a a + b b = 1 :
*

ab

a a + b b = 1

PGCD ( a b )= d
d : a b

d :

d :

a a b b

aa + bb

d : 1 d = 1 : a b

(3 :

b c

b.c

(1)...a a + b b = 1 : a c

a b
(2)...a a + b c = 1 :

(a a + b b )(a a + b c )= 1

(1) (2):

aa a 2 + ab ac + a b ab + bb bc = 1

(aa a + ab c + a b b ) a + ( bb )bc = 1

aa a + ab c + a b b = g
a bc

( a
a

b1 b2 ... bn :

n 2

bb = dg a + dbc = 1:

. :

bn

b1 ,b2,...,b
n

b1 = b2 = ...= bn = b

(1 -III :

a b c

a bc a b a c

a bc

a a + b b = 1 :

q bc = a .q :

) (.

a ac + b bc = c

a ac + b .aq
=c

ac + b q = p

a (a c + b q )= c

a .p = c a c

(2 :

( b

a1 a2 a1 a2

. a 1 a 2
:

a1 b

q = a1.q :

a2

a 1.q a2 a1
b a2

a2 q

b = a1.a 2.p :

q = a 2.p

a1.a
2

. b

( b

a1 , a 2,...,an

a1 a 2 ... a n

.n

396

22

2 11

x y 5 x = 7y :

5 x = 7y 5 y

x = 7k

7 5

x = 7k

y = 5k

7 5

y = 5k

5 x = 7 5k

2 (1)...5x - 3 y = 2 : (11)

.
:

5 x - 3 y = 2 :

:
:

5 (1) - 3(1)= 2

5 x - 3 y = 5 (1) - 3 (1)

(1)...5 ( x - 1) = 3 ( y - 1)

3 ( y - 1) 5 3
5

5 : y - 1

y = 5k + 1 :

k y - 1 = 5k :

(2) :

x - 1 = 3k
x = 3k + 1 :

5 ( x - 1)= 3 5k

(1)

x = 3k + 1 : y = 5k + 1

( x y)

. k

(3 :

.
:

PGCD ( 20015040)

PGCD ( 200150 ) = PGCD (10 2010 15)

= 10 PGCD ( 2015)
= 10 5 PGCD ( 43)
= 50 1 = 50

PGCD ( 4050 ) =10 PGCD ( 45)

= 10 1 =10

PGCD ( 20015040 )=10

(4 :
:

a1 ,a 2,...,a
n

. 1

(5 PGCD ( a b)PPCM ( a b)
a b

a = da

a a = b b

x = aa

x = a da x = b db

PGCD ( a ,b )= 1

a b

b = d b

x = bb

a da = b db

b b a

x = b b = qa b = qa b d

:
:

b = q a

x = ( da b)q

m = da b

a b

m = da b = ab = b a
a b

a b

a b

m = da b : m d = da db
a b
=m
:
m d = a b :
d
m = a b :

d = 1 :
(6 1

(7 2

(8 3

a ,b,l

PPCM ( l a lb ) = l PPCM ( a b )
:

PPCM ( l a l b ) PGCD ( l a lb ) = ( l a ) .( lb ) :
:
:

PPCM ( l a l b ) l .PGCD ( a b ) = l ( l ab )
PPCM ( l a l b ) PGCD ( a b )= l ab

l a b
PGCD ( a b )
)l PPCM ( a b ) PGCD ( a b
= )PPCM ( la lb
PGCD( a b )
= )PPCM ( l a lb

PPCM ( l a lb ) = l .PPCM ( a b )

PPCM (100150 ) = 50 PPCM ( 23 )= 50 2 3 =300

(9 :

.
:

PPCM(150200350) :
* PPCM (150200) :
PPCM (150200 ) = PPCM ( 50 350 4)
= 50 PPCM ( 34)
= 50 3 4 = 600
:

PPCM (150200350 ) = PPCM ( 600350)

PPCM ( 600350 ) = PPCM ( 50 1250 7)

= 50 PPCM (127)
= 50 12 7 = 4200

PPCM (150200350 )= 4200

:1
:

(1

8:lcm(

NUM

PPCM

(2

.
.

(3 :

:2
:

(1

9:gcd(

NUM

PGCD

(2

.
.

(3 :

:3

( x y)
Ax + By = 1
:

A = 44 50B = 80 77C = 45 100

.

b a = 18459 :

b = 3809
3

a b PPCM ( a b)= 2226a + b= 148

(1 . 211
(2

x 2 - y2 = 211 :

x y
:

d = PGCD ( x y)

m - 18d = 791

m = PPCM ( x y )

(1 PGCD ( 765 459 1683)

(2

765 x + 459 y= 1683 :

 (3 ( x y) x + y < 10 :
8

2 52 x - 44 y= 92 :

(1

(2

PGCD ( x y)= d

.d

(3 ( x y)
(4 ( x y) . - 10 < x < 40

(1 n

r , U0 (2

( Un)
-

U0r

S n = U 0 + U 1 + ... +Un

- .

q !2Pq = ( 2010) :

n10

U0 r

U0 r U02=U10 -U1

Pn = U 0 U 1 ... Un
-

3 .5

- = 1,U0 = 3

(1

= 23

.d

Sn Pn n

3q 2[ 5] :

2Sn + 2 = 3q [ 5]

( x y ) 9 x - 14 y = 13 :

( 3 1)

(2 45x - 28 y = 130 :

( x y) - .

x 0 [ 2] y 0 [ 5]

N (3

5bb 6

2aa 3

11

(1 . 120

a (2

a= a + 4b b= 2a + 7b

PGCD ( a b ) = PGCD ( a b)

(3

x y

({

x + 4 y )( 2 x + 7 y) = 5880
xy = 7m

12

m PPCM ( x y)

(1)...43x - 13y= l : l , y,x

(1 ( -3l - 10l )
. ( x y)

. (1)

N (2

b 0ggg

:
-

13

ababa

43a - 13b = g

(1 ( x y)

(1)...5 x - 3 y=7

(2 ( x y)

.(1)

 ( x y ) : (3 ( x y) (1) PGCD ( x y)
. PGCD

14

a (1 b

a + b a b

(2 .84

(3

x y x + y= 84 :

m = d 2 m = PPCM ( x y) : d = PGCD ( x y)
15
(1

993 170

(2 (1)...993 x - 170 y= 143 : x y

.
-

( x0 y0) (1) x 0 + y0 = 6 :

- ( x y)
(3 a

.(1
)

a- 1

1986 340 14 300

A B C

A = 44 50 = 4 11 5 10 = 2 2 11 5 2 5
A = 2 3 52 11
B = 80 77 = 8 10 7 11 = 2 3 2 5 7 11
B = 24 5 7 11
2
C = 45 100 = 9 5 102 = 3 2 5 ( 2 5)
= 32 5 22 52

C = 22 32 53
PGCD ( A B C)= 22 5 = 20
PPCM ( A B C)= 24 5 3 32 7 11
= 1386000

PGCD ( 18459 3809) :3809 = 13 293

:

18459 = 3 2 7 293
PGCD ( 18459 3809 )= 293

) (.

293

b 293

293 1

PGCD ( a b)= d

a = d .a

b = d b

d a b = 2226

d 2226= d a d b

d a + d b = 148 :

a b

d 2226= a b :
:

a b
:

b 293 1

a + b= 148

d ( a + b )= 148

d .148

148

148 = 22 37 :
148

= 1 (1

: d

.148 74 37 4 2 1 :

a b = 2226
a + b = 148

a b

x 2 - 148 x+ 2226 = 0 :
D = 3250 D ; 57 ,008 :

= 2 (2

: d

a b = 1113
a + b = 74

x 2 - 74 x+ 1113 = 0 :
D = 256

a b

x1 = 37 - 16 = 21

x2 = 37 + 16 = 53

 a = 21 b = 53
a= 2 21 = 42 :

b = 2 53 = 106

a = 53 b = 21 a = 106 : b=42
a b = 556 ,5
.
: d = 4
(3

a
+
b
=
37

a b ; 60 ,1
.

: d = 37 (4

a + b = 4
a b ; 30 ,08
.

: d = 74 (5

a
+
b
=
2

a b ; 15 ,04
.
: d = 168 (6

a + b = 1
4

a1 a23

a7

. 1

3 23

27

a2 a1 :

128 :

8 3 23 24

24

(1 211
a2 209

a2

a2 <211

a2 <211

a2 <211

25

a2 <211

49

a2 <211

121

11

a2 <211

169

13

a2 >211

289

17

211 a a2 < 211

211

(2 x 2 - y2 = 211 :
:

( x - y )( x + y)= 211

x - y < x + y : x - y= 1 : x + y= 211
:

2 x = 212

y = 105 :

x = 106

( 106 105)

x y

x.y= dm x = d x : y = d y

x y

d x .d y = dm

m - 18d = 791 :

m = d x .y

d x y - 18d = 791 :

d ( xy - 18 )= 791 :

d 791

791 = 7 113 :

791 791 113 7 1 :

d = 1 x y - 18 = 791 : x y = 809 :
*

y = 809 x = 1

x = 809 *

x= 1 y = 809

y = 1 x = 809 :

y = 1

d = 7 x y - 18 = 113 : x y = 131 :
*

y = 131 x = 1

x = 131 *

x = 7 y = 917

y = 1 x = 917 :

y = 7

x y - 18 = 7 : d = 113 x y = 25 :
*

y = 25 x = 1

x = 25 *

x = 113 y = 2825

y = 1 x = 2825 :

y = 113

x y - 18 = 1 : d = 791 x y = 19 :
*

y = 19 x = 1

x = 791 y = 15029

(1 PGCD ( 765 459 1683)

* PGCD ( 765 459)

765 = 459 1 + 306

459 = 306 1 +153
306 = 153 2 + 0
. PGCD ( 765 459 )= 153

* PGCD ( 153 1683)

1683 = 153 11 + 0
PGCD ( 153 1683 )= 153

:
:

( 765 459 1683 )= 153

.PGCD

(2 765 x + 459 y= 1683 :

153 5 x + 3 y= 11 :
5 x + 3 y= 5 4 + 3 ( -3)

( 4 -3) :
5 x - 5 4 = -3 y+ 3 ( -3) :
5 ( x - 4 ) = 3 ( - y - 3)
3 5 ( x - 4) 3 5 3 x - 4
:

k x - 4 = 3k : x = 3k + 4 :

5 3k = 3 ( - y- 3) y - 3 = 5k :

. y = -5k -3 ( 3k + 4 -5k- 3)

- :

.k

 (3 ( x y) x + y < 10 :
3k + 4 + -5k- 3 < 10 :
:

P ( x )= 3k + 4 + -5k- 3

-3
5

-4
3

3 k +4

3 k +4

- 3 k -4

3 k +4

5 k + 3

- 5 k - 3

- 5 k - 3

-5k-3

8 k +7

- 2 k +1

- 8 k - 7

P ( x)

P ( x)< 10

-4
3

k -

- 8 k - 7 < 10 - 8 k < 17 :

-17
8

>k

-17 -4
k :
8 3
k = -2 : ( x y ) = ( -2 7) :

-4 -3

k
3 5

-9
- 2 k + 1 < 10 - 2 k < 9 : :
2
k = - 1 : ( x y ) = ( 12) :
*

-3

k +
5

<k

3
8 k + 7 < 10 8 k < 3 : :
8
-3 3
k : k
5 8

k = 0 :
8

( x y ) = ( 4 -3)

<k

(1 52 x - 44 y= 92 :

* PGCD ( 52 44 92)

52 = 2 213

44 = 22 11
:

92 = 2 2 23
PGCD ( 52 44 92 )= 2 2 = 4

4 13 x - 11 y= 23 :

( 6 5) 13 x - 11 y= 13 6 - 11 5 :

13 x - 13 6 = 11 y- 11 5 :
:

13 ( x - 6 ) = 11 ( y- 5)

11 ( x - 6)

x - 6 = 11k
k :

x = 11k + 6 :

y - 5 = 13k :
:

13 11

13 11 x - 6

13 11k = 11 ( y- 5)

y = 13k+ 5

( 11k + 6 13k+ 5)

(2

d x

d 13 x - 11y

d 23

d 1 . 23

(3
:

13 x 11 y

( x y) d = 23

x = 23x y = 23y x y

13 23 x - 11 23 y = 23 :
:

13 x - 11 y = 1

( 6 7)

13 x - 11 y = 13 6 - 11 7 :

13 x - 13 6 = 11 y - 11 7 :
:

13 ( x - 6) = 11( y - 7)

13 11( y -7) 13 11 13 ( y - 7)
:

y - 7 = 13a

13 ( x - 6 )= 11 13a

x = 11a + 6 :
y= 23 ( 13a + 7)

y = 13a + 7 :

x - 6 = 11a

x= 23 ( 11a +6)

x= 253a + 138
y= 299a + 161 :

( 253a + 138299a + 161) :

(4 ( x y) - 10 < x< 40 :

- 10 < 11k + 6 < 40 :

- 16 < 11k < 34

-16
34
<< k
:
11
11

-1, 45 < k < 3 ,09

. a

-1 0 1 2 3 : :

( 17 18 ) , ( 6 5 ) , ( -5 -8 ) , ( 39 44 ) , ( 28 31)
9

3n 5

(1

30 1[ 5] 31 3 [ 5 ] 3 4 [ 5] 3 3 2 [ 5] 34 1[ 5]

34P 1[ 5] 34P +3 2[ 5] 34P +2 4[ 5] 34P+1 3[ 5]

:

(2(

U0 r

(1)... U 02 = U10 - U1

U 1 = U 0 + r :

(1) :

U 10 = U 0 + 10r

U 02 = ( U 0 + 10r ) - ( U 0 + r)

U02 = 9r
:

U0 : 9 r U0 r
U0 9

U0 9 3 1 :
1
= r
:
* 1 = 9 r : U0 = 1
9
* 9 = 9 r : U0 = 3 r = 1 :
.

.
.

* 9 = 9r : U0 = 9 r = 9 :

U0 r

U0 = 3 : r = 1

Sn

n+ 1
(U 0 + Un) :
2

= S n U n = U 0 + nr U0 = 3 :

U n = 3+ n
Pn

n+ 1
( 6+ n)
2

= Sn

Pn = U 0 U 1 + ... Un

Pn = U 0 ( U 0 + r ) ... ( U 0 + nr)
Pn = 3 4 5 ... ( n+ 3)
1 2 3 4 5 ... ( n + 3 ) ( n+ 3 )!
= Pn
=
1 2
2!
- 2 pq = ( 2010 )! : q (q + 3 )! = 2010! :

q + 3 = 2010 : q = 2007 :
-

3 2007 2 [ 5]

2007 = 4 581 + 3 :

- n

:
:

3 2007 2 [ 5]

2 Sn + 2 3q[ 5] :

( n + 1)( 6 + n) + 2 2 [ 5] :
6n + n + 6 + n+ 2 2 [ 5]
n + 7 n+ 6 0 [ 5]
n + 2n+ 1 0 [ 5]
( n + 1) 0 [ 5] :
n + 1 0 [ 5] : n -1[ 5] :
n 4 [ 5] :
a : n= 5a + 4

10

(1 ( x y )

9 x - 14 y = 9 3 - 14 1 :
9 x - 9 3 = 14 y - 14 1 :
:

9 ( x - 3 ) = 14 ( y - 1)

9 14 ( y - 1) 9 14 9 y - 1
y - 1 = 9 k , k

y = 9 k + 1 :

9 ( x - 3 )= 14 9k

x = 14k+ 3 :

x - 3 = 14k :

( x y ) = ( 14k + 3 9k+ 1)

k :
(2 :

x 0 [ 2]

y 0 [ 5]

45 x - 28 y= 130 :
45 x = 28 y+ 130

2 45 x 2 45

2 x

. :

5 28 y 5 28

x 0 [ 2]

28 y = 130 - 45x :

. :

45 x = 2 ( 14 y+ 65)

y 0 [ 5]

- :

x 0 [ 2]

x = 2x

y 0 [ 5]

y = 5y

28 y = 5 ( 26 - 9x)

45 2 x - 28 25 y = 130

10 ( 9 x - 7 y )= 130

:
:

x = 14k+ 3

x = 2 ( 14k+ 3)

9 x - 7 y = 13

y = 9 k + 1

y = 5 ( 9k+ 1)

x = 28 k+ 6 : y = 45k+ 5

(3

N = 3 90 + a 91 + a 9 + 2 93

N = 3 + 9a + 81a + 1458

N = 1461 + 90a ...(1)

a 8

N = 6 7 0 + b 71 + b 7 + 5 73 :

N = 6 + 7 b + 49b + 1715

:
:

N = 1721 + 56 b ...(2)

: (2
(1) )
:
:

b 6

1461 + 90a = 1721 + 56b

90a - 56b = 260

45a - 28b = 130

k ,b = 45k + 5,a = 28k+ 6

a 8 b 6
:
:

28 k + 6 8

45 k + 5 6

28 k 2

2
28

:
:

11

1
4

k = 0

45 k 1

a = 6

b = 5

N = 1461 + 90 6

N = 2001

(1 :

120 = 12 10 = 22 3 2 5 :
120 = 23 3 5

:
(2 :
:

d 1 :

7b

PGCD ( a b ) = PGCD ( a b)

PGCD ( a b )= d 1

2a +

d 2 :

7b

PGCD ( a b)= d 2

d 1 :

d1 a

b d 1 . (1)...d 2

ab

d 2 :

. 2a +

d 2 -2 ( a + 4b ) 7b

. 2a +

-2a - 8b 7b

. 2a +

d 2

d 2 ( 2a + 7b ) + ( -2a - 8b )

d 2

-b

d 2

. b

d 2 -7 ( a + 4b ) 4 ( 2a + 7b )

d 2

a + 4b

-7a - 28b 8a + 28b

a + 4b

 d 2 ( 8a + 28b ) + ( -7a - 28b )

d 2

b d 2

(2)...d 1

(1) d 1 : (2) d 2 d 2
:

= d 2 :

d 1

PGCD ( a b ) = PGCD ( a b)

d 2

. d1

( x + 4 y )( 2x + 7 y )= 580
(3 x : y

y
=
7

x y= d m : PGCD ( x y)= d :
d = 7 :

x y

x = 7x

y = 7y

( 7 x + 4 7 y )( 2 7 x + 7 7 y )= 5880 :
7 ( x + 4 y ) 7 ( 2 x + 7 y )= 5880 :
( x + 4 y )( 2 x + 7 y )= 120 :

x y

2 x + 7y x + 4y

2
:

PGCD ( x y ) = PGCD ( x + 4 y 2 x + 7y )

x + 4 y < 2 x + 7y

x + 4 y = 1 * 2 x + 7 y = 120
- 2 x - 8 y = - 2 :

- y= 118 :

x + 4 y = 3 *

2 x + 7 y = 40

- 2 x - 8 y = - 6 :

2 x + 7 y = 120

- y= 34 :

2 x + 7 y = 40

x + 4 y = 5 *

2 x + 7 y = 24

- 2 x - 8 y = - 10 : 2 x + 7 y = 24

- y= 14 :

x + 4 y = 8 *

2 x + 7 y = 15

- 2 x - 8 y = - 16

2 x + 7 y = 15

- y= -1 : y = 1 :

x = 4 :
12

x = 28 : y = 7

(1 ( -3l - 10l ) :
43 ( -3l ) - 13 ( -10l )= -129l + 130l = l
( x y ):43 x - 13l = 43 ( -3l ) - 13 ( -10l
) :
43 x - 43 ( -3l ) = 13 y- 13 ( -10l
) :
43 ( x + 3l ) = 13 ( y+ 10l )
43 ( x + 3l 13 43
13 : )

: (1)

13 :
:

x + 3l

x = 13 k - 3l

y + 10l = 43k :
:
(2

x + 3l = 13k
43 13k = 13 ( y+ 10l
) :

y = 43k- 10l

k , ( 13k - 3l 43k- 10l

)

43a - 13b = g :

N = a 6 0 + b 61 + a 6 2 + b 6 3 + a 64 :

 1 a 5 : 0 b 5
:

N = 1333a + 222b ...(1)

N = g 5 0 + g 51 + g 5 2 + 0 5 3 + b 54 :

N = 625b + 31g ...(2)

:
:

0 g 4

1 b 4

1333a + 222b = 625b + 31g

: (2
(1) )

1333a - 403b = 31g

31
g

43a - 13b = g

(1) :

a = 13k- 3g

b = 43k- 10g
b = 43k

g = 0

a = 13 k- 3 : g = 1 b = 43k- 10

a = 13 k

a = 13 k- 6 : g = 2 b = 43k- 20

a = 13 k- 9 : g = 3 b = 43k- 30

a = 13k- 12 : g = 4 b = 43k- 40

k = 1 a = 1 : b = 3

N = 1333 1 + 222 ( 3)= N = 1999 :

13

(1 ( x y)
( 2 1) .

5 x - 3 y= 7

5 x - 3 y= 5 2 - 3 1

5 x - 5 2 = 3 y- 3 1

3 x- 2

x = 3a + 2 :
:

5 ( x - 2 ) = 3 ( y-1)

3 5 ( x - 2) 3 5

x- 2 = 3a

5 ( 3a ) = 3 ( y - 1)

y - 1 = 5a

y = 5a + 1 :

( 3a + 25a + 1) :
(2 : PGCD ( x y)
d PGCD ( x y) :
:

d 5x - 3y

d x y

d 7

d . 7 1

(3 x y d = 7 :
:

x = 7x

5 x - 3 y= 7

7 ( 5 x - 3 y )= 7

( 2 3)
:

y = 7y

x y

5 7 x - 3 7 y = 7
:

5 x - 3 y = 5 2 - 3 3

5 x - 3 y = 1

5 x - 5 2 = 3 y - 3 3
:

5 ( x - 2 ) = 3 ( y - 3)

3 5 ( x - 2) 3 5

3 x - 2 x - 2 = 3k k ,x = 3k+ 2
y - 3 = 5k y = 5k+ 3 :
5 3k = 3( y - 3) : :

x = 7 ( 3 k+ 2)

y = 7 ( 5k+ 3)

x = 21k + 14 : y = 35k+ 21
14

(1 a b

a b

.

.
.
(2 : 84

84 = 2 2 3 7 84

42 28 21 14 12 7 6 4 3 2 1 .84

(3 x y

x = dx y = dy

m = d x y

x y

d ( x + y )= 84

2
d xy = d

d ( x + y )= 84
:

x
y
=
d

x : y

( x y )( x + y )= 84

x y x + y

.(1)
:

( x y ) ( x + y )= 84

x + y = 1 * x y = 84

y , x t 2 - t+ 84 = 0

D < 0

x + y = 3 * x y = 28

y , x

t 2 - 4t+ 21 =0
D < 0

x y

x + y = 7 * x y = 12

t 2 - 7 t+ 12 = 0

D = 1

t1 = 3 : t2 = 4
x = 3 y = 4

x = 4

x = 36 : y= 48

y = 3 d = 12

x = 48 y= 36

x + y = 12 * x : x y = 7 y

t 2 - 12t+ 7 = 0
D = 29

D =29

x + y = 21 * x : x y = 4 y

t 2 - 21t+ 4 = 0
D = 425

D =425

 x + y = 28 * x : x y = 3 y

t 2 - 28t+ 3 = 0
D = 193

D =193

x + y = 84 * x : xy = 1 y

t 2 - 84t+ 1 = 0
D = 1763

x = 48 y= 36

(1

D =1763

x = 36 y= 48

15

993 170

993 = 170 5 + 143

170 = 143 1 + 27
143 = 27 5 + 8
27 = 8 3 + 3
8 = 3 2 + 2
3 = 2 1 + 1
2 = 1 1 + 0
:

PGCD ( 993 170 )=1

(2( :

 x 0 + y0 = 6
:

993
x
170
y
=
143

0
0

y 0 = 6- x0

993x0 - 170( 6 - x0)= 143

:

y0 = 6- x0

1163 x0 = 1163

( 1 5)

x0 = 1

y0 = 5

( :
:

993 x - 170 y= 993 1 - 170 5

993 ( x - 1 ) = 170 ( y - 5)

993 ( y - 5)

170 993

170

993

y - 5 y - 5 = 993k y = 993k+ 5

:
993 ( x - 1)= 170 993k x - 1 = 170k :

x = 170 k + 1 :

( 170k + 1 993k+ 5)

(3 a
:

:
:

] a- 1 14 [1986

a- 1 300 [ 340]
a- 15 = 1986a
:

a- 301 = 340b
15 + 1986a = 301 + 340b

1986a - 340b = 286 :

] a 15 [1986

a 301[ 340]
a= 15 + 1986a

a= 301 + 340b

 2 993a - 170b = 143 :

: (2)

a = 170 k + 1 b = 993k+ 5

a = 15 + 1986 ( 170k+ 1) : a = 337620 k+ 2001 :

a
2001

= . a

2001

= k