ip Designation: C 567 - 99a opted a ears Boo AST sane. Cope ASTM Standard Test Method for Density of Structural Lightweight Concrete’ This standard has ben aproed for we by agencies of the Department of Defer 1. Scope 1.1 This test_method provides methods to measure or calculate equilibrium density and to measure over-dry densities for the purpose of design control. Test Method C 138 shall be used to determine the density of freshly mixed light-weight concrete for placement contol. Nove I—An approximate method for calculating the 28 day air-dry ‘nit weight the equilibrium aiedry unit weigh and a formula for ‘stimating the over-dry unt weight of lightweight concrete are provided in Section 9. The formula for estimating the oven dry unit weight is modified to estimate the equiibium air-dry unt weight 1.2 ‘The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard, The values given in parentheses are provided for information only 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. 2. Referenced Documents 2.1 ASTM Standards: C88 Test Method for Soundness of Agaregates by Use of Sodium Sulfate or Magnesium Sulfate” C138 Test Method for Unit Weight, Yield, and Air Content (Gravimetric) of Concrete* C172 Practice for Sampling Freshly Mixed Concrete? C1920 192M. Practice for Making and Curing Concrete ‘Test Specimens in the Laboratory" €470/C.470M__ Specification for Molds for Forming Con- crete Test Cylinders Vertically? E 104 Practice for Maintaining Constant Relative Humility ‘by Means of Aqueous Solutions? 3. Terminology 3.1. Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard: 3.LL Equilibrium Air-Dry Unit Weisht—The unit weight snd Concrcte Agaresterand isthe diet eponsbty of Subcom CP.2108 Tipheieh Azeeztes ° FAST Standards, V10402. ‘Annual Book of ASTM Sanda Nol 102 reached by structural-lightweight concrete after exposure to relative humidity of 50 * 5 % and a temperature of 73.4 + 3°F (23+ 1.7°C) for a period of time sufficient to reach equil jon where the mass of the specimen changes not more than 0.1 % (gain or loss) in successive weighings 28 days apart 4, Summary of Test Method 4.1 This test method for determining the unit weight of structural lightweight concrete involves the preparation, cur- ing, and measurement of lightweight structural concrete speci- ‘mens. The concrete is mixed, placed, and tamped in concrete cylinder molds and cured in prescribed moist room for the specified curing period. 5. Significance and Use 5.1 The test for air-dried weight of concrete determines whether design weight requirements have been met 6. Apparatus 6.1 Balance—A balance or scale accurate within 0.3 % of the weight of the sample at any point within the range of use, ‘The range of use shall be considered to extend from the weight of the container empty to the weight of the container plus its contents 6.2 Tamping Rod—A round, straight, steel rod, % in. (16 ‘mm) in diameter and approximately 24 in, (610 mm) in length, having the tamping end rounded to a hemispherical tip the diameter of which is % in, (see Test Method C 138) 63 Measure—A Y= {001 m°) capacity measure as de- scribed in 44 of Test Method C 138, shall be the standard, Measures with capacities and requirements conforming to ‘Table 1 may be used for information purposes, except that the same capacity container shall be used for comparative pur- poses 6.4 Molds—Molds shall be cylindrical in form. They shall be as described in Specification C 470/C 470M. 65 Controlled Humidity Enclosure— The preferred condi- tion is a room controlled at 50 + 5% relative humidity. In the event that a oom in the testing laboratory is not air conditioned at 50 % relative humidity, the condition can be maintained in a small chamber, such as a metal container with a gasket li, Description of the chamber method is described in Practice E 104.(qb c 567 TABLE 1 Dimensional Requirements for Cylindrical Measures Capsciy oe oe, “Theknes of Meta o US gage iim) ‘rm. TOONS S00 T8aH SiO TSH To: 10 whe 12 Bae ZOE my 430000) 00 2032) 1148 201.1), No. 100 Ne. 12 259 t6 205 mm) 20018) 10.00 2540) i109 e704) No. 1010 Ne. 12 25016 205 mm) ons) 14.00 (3885) 1123 682) No 100 Ne. 12 280 t0 208 mm) Nove 2—A nearly saturated solution of ealium chloride frequently replenished withthe dry salts can be used aan inital desiceant forthe ‘oraz period, provided adequate internal ar circulation is furnished and {reliable hygrometer is used. For the ater days ofthe storage eyele & ‘turted solution of magnesium nate can be used to maintin arelative humidity of $3.55 66 Drving Oven—The oven shall be capable of being heated continuously between 110 + 5°C (230 + 9°R) and the tate of evaporation shall average atleast 25 g/h, Determination of evaporating rate is described in Test Method C 88, 7. Sampling 7.1, Sample field-mixed concrete in accordance with Prac- tive C172. 7.2 Prepare lab-mixed concrete in accordance with Practice C192 8. Procedure 8.1 Determine the unit weight ofthe freshly mixed concrete in accordance with Test Method C 138 with the following exceptions 8.1.1. Vibration of specimens as described in 6.4.3 of Prac- tice C 192/C 192M shall be permitted if applicable. 8.12 Where the procedure is by rodding, it shall be in accordance with 7.2 of Test Method C138, except that concrete in containers with capacities of 0.50 f° (0.014 m*) or less shall be rodded 25 strokes/layer: containers greater than 0.50 £10,014 m') and 1.0 f° (0.03 m*) shall be rodded 50 strokes per layer. 8.1.3 The net weight of the sample shall be recorded to the nearest 0.3 % Nove 3 CEB-FIP Manual of Design & Technology 1977 reports that uilbvium density of structural lightweight concrete is equal to the aleulted dey density’ plus equilibrium moisture content a5 5 by volume ‘which equals 50 kai (3p 8.2 Determine the air-dry unit weight on 6 by 12 in, (152 by 305 mm) cylinders. Make test specimens in accordance with Practice C 192/C 192M. Cover test specimens made to check the adequacy of the laboratory design for unit weight of concrete, or asthe basis for acceptance, immediately (Note 5) after molding with one of the following: (1) a paraffin-coated cardboard lid, (2) a metal lid, (3) a polyethylene sheet tightly secured around the cylinder, or (4) other waterproof sheet material. During the first 7 days, store all test specimens under conditions that maintain the temperature immediately adjacent to the specimens in the range of 60 to 80°F (16 to 27°C) and ‘that prevent loss of moisture from the specimens. The speci- ‘men may be stripped after 24 h and wrapped securely with a polyethylene sheet or bag to prevent evaporation. When single-use molds are used, the specimen may remain in the ‘mold for the entire 6-day curing period (see 8.3) ‘Nore 4—Delay is permissible in cases where concrete tends to bleed cxcesively: 8.3 On the sixth day, remove the specimens from their ‘molds or curing condition and immerse in Water at 73.4 + 3°F (23+ 17°C) for 24 h. Determine the saturated surface-dry weights, Nore $ Where specimens are stripped alter 24h of aze they may be seat that time for determining the immersed and saturated surice dry ‘weights (C and B of 84). Return the specimens to the curing condition Unt they have reached the age of 7 days. 8.4 Day the cylinders for 21 days at a temperature of 73.4 + 3°F (23 + 1.7°C) in a relative humidity of 50 5 %. Weigh the dried cylinders and calculate the air-dry weight per cubic foot (or cubic metre) of the concrete from the following equations: Weight lie® = (A x 6230080) la x oreo) o Weight, kgim ® 8 day weight of concrete cylinder, as dried, Ib (kg), Saturated, surface-dry weight of cylinder, Ib (ka), and suspended-immersed weight of cylinder, Ib (KB) 9. Calculations and Reporting for Rapid Information 9.1 An estimated air-dry weight may be calculated for project control. This test method should not be used as a basis for acceptance or design control. This test method should be used only when rapid information is desired. 9.2 Caleulated Oven-Dry Weisht—An approximate caleu- lated oven-dry weight may be determined for application in the approximate method where all batch quantities, the moisture content of the aggregates, and the volume of the batch of concrete are known from the following equation: 0, = (Wart Wa + 12S ° where: ©, = approximate oven-dry weight, Ib/f (kg/m?), Way = weight of dry fine aggregate in batch, Ib (kg), Wi. = weight of dry coarse aggregate in batch Ib (kg), We, = weight of cement in batch, Ib (kg), 1.2 = quantity of cement, plus weight of water of hydra- tion (considering water of hydration to be 20 % of the weight of cement), and s ‘olume of concrete produced by the batch, f° (m?) 9.3 Calculated Equilibrium Unit Weight— Using the proce- dure and definitions in 9.2, the approximate equilibrium unit(qb c 567 weight may be calculated by B O43 ® where: E, = calculated equilibrium unit weight 94 Observed Oven-Dry Weight—Store the test specimens for the first 24 h under conditions that maintain temperature immediately adjacent to the specimens in the range from 60 to 80°F (16 to 27°C) and that prevent loss of moisture from the specimens, After 24 h remove the cylinder from the mold and place in the drying oven for 72 h. Maintain the oven at 110 * S°C (230 + 9°F). Allow the specimens to cool to room temperature and then weigh. 95 Approximate Air-Dry Weight—Calculate the approxi- mate air-dry weight per cubic foot (cubic metre) from the following equation: D=0 +(-OR ° where: D_ = approximate air-dry weight, h/t (kg/m®), F = fresh unit weight, ib/ft (kgim’), determined in accor- dance with 9.1, © = oven-dry weight, lb/ft (kg/m), determined in accor- dance with 9.2 or 9.3, and a constant which is the decimal portion of the dfer- ential between the fresh and oven-dry weights that approximates the weight of retained moisture in the ‘concrete when itis air dry. The Value ranges from 0.75 10 025. [Nore 6—Observations indicate that P may vary between 0.75 and 0.25 because of variations in aggregates and mix designs. The value for a specific aggregate may be obtained from the laboratory supplying the ‘nial mix design or ffom the aggregate supplier. In the absence of a special value for P, 0.75 shal be used 10. Precision and Bias 10.1 At present, there is insufficient data available to justify a precision and bias statement for this test method. AL. Keywords ILL airdry unit weight; lightweight concrete; unit weight The American Socey for Testing and Material kes no poston respecting the vat of any patent rigs asserted connection wih any tom mentoned in his standard Uses of hs. ir are expesay advised that determination of he vay of any Such Daten rights, andthe rik of inkingemant of uch nights, ae ently thar own respons. This standard i eubect to revisan a any tne by the respansbetschrical commie and must be evened evry fv years and Iteotrevce, ether reapproved or witha, You comment arid ee fr revision ois standard or radon tarda ews known (othe ASTM Commitee on Stands, 10 Bar Harb Dive, West Conshohocken, PA 1028,