DATE:

25/3/15

PRACTICAL #:

TITLE:

LOGICAL GATES - NOT GATE

AIM:

To study the NOT gate using diodes and transistors.

APPARATUS/MATERIALS: Semiconductor diodes carbon resistor (150, 270 and

2.7k), 6V power supplies, an LED, an npn transistor.

DIAGRAM:

THEORY:

The NOT gate is a logic gate with only one inputs and one output. Its logic symbol is
given below. A is the input and Y is the output.

The Boolean expression for the AND gate is given by:

=Y

It is read as A NOT equals Y.

The truth table of the NOT gate is given in tabular form.
TRUTH TABLE OF THE NOT GATE
Input
0
1

METHOD:

Output
1
0

1). The apparatus was set up as seen in the diagram.

2). The collector of the npn transistor was connected to the
positive of the battery through a 150 resistor and the
negative terminal of the battery was grounded.
3). An LED is connected through a 270 resistor between the
output terminal and the ground, to measure the output.
4). A high resistance of 2.7k was connected in series with the
base.
5). The negative terminal Q of the 6V battery at the input and
the emitted of the transistor was also grounded.
6). The negative terminal Q of the battery at the input
indicates state 0 and the positive terminal P, the state 1.
7). The inputs were given to the terminal A according to the
truth table and the corresponding outputs were determined.
8). The input terminal A was connected to Q (state 0) and the
LED was observed.
9). The input terminal A was then connected to P (state 1) and
the LED was observed.
10). The results were tabulated and the truth table was
verified.

VARIABLES:

Manipulated Variable: Input

Responding Variable: Glow of LED

Controlled Variable: Terminal P and Q

RESULTS:
TABLE SHOWING THE INPUT AND OUTPUT OF A NOT GATE
Input
A connected to
0
1

Output
Glow of LED
Yes
No

Results
A
0
1

Y
1
0

SOURCE OF ERRORS:1). The circuit may not have been connected properly which
may cause errors.

PRECAUTIONS:

1). Ensure that the wires are properly connected together.

2). Use a point-to-wiring diagram to help properly set up the
connections of the apparatus.

CONCLUSION:

In a NOT gate the output produced is opposite to the value of

the input, A supplied.