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GII THIU V BIN DNG IN TRUNG TH

Tng quan v bin dng in

1.1 nh ngha
Bin dng in (Current Transformer/ CT) hay cch gi ph bin TI, l thit b c
chc nng phn nh gi tr thc t dng in Ip pha s cp trung th thng qua gi tr dng
in th cp Is ph hp vi cc thit b o lng, iu khin v an ton in i vi con
ngi.
V mt l thuyt, dng th cp Is ny cn phi bin thin mt cch t l thun v
ng thi cng vi dng s cp. Tuy nhin trong thc t, h s t l lun sai lch so vi h
s l thuyt hay t s bin Kn mt gi tr c th hin qua h s i v dng th cp Is
lun tr hn so vi dng s cp Ip mt gc pha . T s bin i theo n v (%) c xc
nh nh sau:

T cng thc trn, chng ta thy : khi i < 0, bin dng phn nh mt gi tr Ip nh
hn thc t, v ngc li i > 0 c ngha bin dng phn nh mt gi tr Ip ln hn thc t.

1.2 ng dng
Bin dng c ng dng trong o lng (o m in nng) v/hoc ng dng bo v
(bo v relay).
-

Bin dng in o lng (metering CT) c chc nng phn nh dng in pha s cp
trung th mt cch chnh xc nht c th ti gi tr nh hn 120% dng s cp danh nh,
v c tr pha nh nht vi cng hng vecto. V,

Bin dng in cho cc ng dng bo v (protection CT) c chc nng phn nh

mt cch tin cy dng ngn mch hoc dng qu ti pha s cp.

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Cc vn an ton in i vi bin dng in

Khi lp t vn hnh bin dng in trung th, cn lun lun ch nhng bin php
an ton in trnh s nguy him xut hin do in p cm ng t pha trung th.

2.1 Bin dng in lun hot ng ch th cp ngn mch.

Dng in s cp Ip lun to ra mt t thng p xut hin trong li t. T thng p
ny t l thun vi gi tr ca Ip v s vng dy s cp v to ra mt in p cm ng (vi
ngn volt) xuyn qua cun th cp.

Khi dng in th cp Is khc khng, theo nh lut Lenz s to ra s nh l t

thng phn khng chng li t thng p, do ch tn ti mt in p rt nh (nh hn 2
Volt) xut hin pha th cp.
V vy, lun phng s h mch th cp. Cn phi ng cng-tc C ngn
mch th cp trc bt k thao tc no lin quan n thay th hoc tho lp thit b Z.
Ip
P1

P2

S1

S2

Is
C

A
Z

2.2 Bin dng in lun phi c tip a pha th cp.

Bin dng lun phi tip a ti cc th cp S1 hoc S2 (nh hnh trn) trc khi vn
hnh li, bi in p cm ng hoc in th tch tch ly do cm ng t pha s cp lun c
kh nng xy ra khi dng s cp xut hin.

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Cc thng s k thut nh ngha theo IEC 60044 - 1

3.1 Cp cch in c bn (Basic Insulation Level)

in p h thng

in p chu ng danh

Xung in p chu

(r.m.s)

nh trong 1 pht (r.m.s)

ng danh nh (peak)

7.2 kV

20 kV

60 kVp

12 kV

28 kV

75 kV

24 kV

50 kV

125 kVp

36 kV

70 kV

170 kVp

3.2 Dng s cp danh nh Ipn (Rated Primary Current)

L gi tr RMS ca dng s cp lin tc ln nht (100%).

3.3 Dng th cp danh nh Isn (Rated Secondary Current)

Ph bin l 5A hoc 1A.

3.4 T s bin Kn (Ratio)

L t s Ipn/Isn

3.5 Dng nhit ngn hn trong 01 giy Ith (Short-time Thermal Current)
Dng nhit ngn hn hay dng ngn mch Ith m bin dng chu ng trong mt
giy, l mt gi tr c xc nh bng N ln gi tr dng s cp danh nh Ipn, biu din bi
(kA x 1s), theo cng thc sau:

Ith N .Ipn T
Thng thng N = 80, do nu Ipn = 600A th Ith s l 48kA x 1s hay 34kA x 2s.

3.6 Dng in ng Idyn (Short-time Thermal Current Peak Value)

Idyn lin quan n gi tr nh (peak) ca dng Ith theo tn s, c th Idyn =
2.5*Ith/50Hz, v 2.6*Ith/60Hz hoc 2.7*Ith theo chun ANSI

3.7 Cp chnh xc (Accuracy class)

Cp chnh xc ca bin dng lin quan n cc gi tr ln nht cho php ca i v ti cc
gi tr dng Ip bng 0.01Ipn, 0.05Ipn, 0.2Ipn, Ipn v 1.2Ipn tng ng ti 25% v 100% ca
ph ti o lng (VA).
3

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Cc gi tr ln nht cho php ca i v p dng cho dng th cp Isn = 5A, v

c quy nh nh cc bng sau:

3.8 H s bo v FS (Security factor)

H s bo v FS l thng s bo v ca bin dng o lng i vi cc thit b u
cui trc s ngn mch ca ng dy trung th. bo v thit b o m trc dng
ngn mch pha s cp, bin dng cn phi c c tnh bo ho sm.

FS

Ips
( Thng thng FS =10)
Ipn

Trong : Ips l dng s cp an ton danh nh (Rated Safety Current).

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3.9 H s ti hn cp chnh xc ALF (Accuracy Limit factor)

Mt bin dng cho ng dng bo v cn phi bo ho ti mt gi tr ca dng qu ti
(hoc ngn mch) bo v thit b u cui th cp, sau khi t n gi tr Ipl hay gii hn
trn ca di o chnh xc dng qu ti.
Dng Ipl c nh ngha l dng s cp an ton danh nh (Rated Safety
Current), hay gii hn trn ca dng s cp, l mt gi tr ti h s % li khng vt qu
cp chnh xc nh trn.

ALF

Ipl
Ipn

( Thng thng ALF =5, 10, 15, 20)