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    the invention of greekness

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    the invention of greekness

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    16 views13 pages

    Tsoukalas

    Uploaded by

    Cms
    the invention of greekness

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    of 13
    The Meaning af Europe. Mikael af Malmbor Bo SRA Yea Oxford —NYeek Berg Loox The Irony of Symbolic Reciprocities - ‘The Greek Meaning of ‘Europe’ as a Historical Inversion of the European ‘Meaning of ‘Greece’ Constantine Tsoukalas “The Invention of Greekness afl coast wth most national scours the dscounes nding Indeed, he mae ‘urate oundaons ofthe ef preptions and images of Greeks wee fi ai cain Weer Eso componens of raderepeentaon fie eres of Europea cea. The most igual prtculriy ‘fie deal nests ented in mem Grok ey dcounes ‘hs ese nthe fact that et iaes ere agonal fered ‘ib comes of seen projet secing oat down an xc noc past They emerged nd crysaliod a ie elfects fa ui: ‘sal viginal mth concoved oui Grece and for reasons totally ‘cated wih the respective ation. This nied i the st pardon ‘ht sealed th fu fate of made Geek collective ens Geeks tre probably the onl peopl inthe weed who didnot hae oven tr reiment their own history and ancestal traditions on ber om (Hobtow and Ranger 199) Paaprasing Adam Fetgson, one may Sy therefore thai by definition, Gress mst be te rat of he ‘Gece acon in com a te prot delete soeal Gat “Though wtended ins consequences, his exceptional isi cajun proved be both ineenibe and ambivalent in is ong em. ‘fects ploou en of rcet Grosse rove th fondig mh fe moder coon, the meaning of he etna inks betwen eal ambgatysurounding the new county name thas the elt Constantine Teonkpias en ncn addins ‘renin at, Mad eal nt osc ‘tc repontlerreco oe int he at ‘svg oping woul neil sek froin a et nom ‘meds nan oar mode Inded cots o many nes Sates sich as Expy Sra a el hat ve eed the aie, ames without more a modem Gress provies th only toes Sansiect See bebe ceed eee weeennet Piso tt court my sete refer sige tobe vee Naor oft cen Grek mde ene an cna. discursive paradoa, evga ax a.cumradistigm i rms. : en et pil de cnn ding Een seh eS og “ceo elms em basco ised word. Te esis end sminaion of «Grek ara ‘noe et cae dance meses manana oa Maui Savitce Get gold ere oe wi ota ta ‘atl symbol pops The aay wash ob mane and ‘rove ay el ony ea fom ts caalasdanieninore Te isc Fe nec naling ote eatin tte a enprl ns ina ana cota ‘SSctptltrenn tw sna on sncaty weal rapeable for et rxnrecton ‘ed pl ooo elias "Ta hover, ade oa ingly spel pee. scan ya a th virco oma non re pate te io gona) scare Into of Grace: see ed mac Rios of cone rpc ovo Uacrpet Inge ad ero ans ‘Se cg nisl is, al otc ene Ocean se itor the mo of tsa ne no echt nd Scunsrbel cata ani shoul be arabe in enpiealy Sis Te ce wre: beni ome falsiedeltionsieces sis pty he ma enn cl ioe a oe cal soon cml cond mea cones Gestapo, ae Seana ow Seaeeeet eat Tee ube mores tht mn he very Bepinning, Meer Grek istorias a Shove bec fete by an inllctal male. Tray. epee £SEaTpetence rely Scourge ecto and perpetuation! sarcasm fling back on Herein echulogeal pater, Bt ‘art pining te conto uveral-acimed des nd ee or fe than ved Specic claims and apes 38 ‘alae une of eologisl power. Ic therefore natural tha the snes shuld sl be in osbe when cad pon 1 est Soh contin) of thir iimtable Vlg ter than nal ere Rides sont ht he meanings of ral ontinsy ad ‘era shald be civ as pen dcursve problems destined ‘See elation of Grek selFmages fo he very Penning ‘Geary. th doped nae was 9 608 a idle ofthe continoes national civilization el noted i mst umaly bed othe sine spina elton Seine tse guts nl wap cen. ned bth ree andthe toeatveambigues muon the com a ct are ean be traced dows othe congenital ambiralet lon Gecaen? wit be iid aroenn wold mpc aos cece inthet univers seman cone, he at and im ae an etaral den of Grewce impeded those who recognaed et ea ts vow gama he in shaping the own ances ss nay coesponing wt narave neds. Accords snob space inte ‘ert ey wet ate 0 age ad cows ti toi ‘ono mis mae sigue, tod ‘gine es island nd wie wie ee sath canbe dot hata Yes enconfoatly gs eos Pe get sot Helly sued 10 verve 8 psf oa ellie popes Hee en hrf that baling cote ini cll and elon ilrence fom tir immediate oeghboun, Greeks sbould ‘etRea ethno ew clcve enya beng ot onl as emi ‘ny omeres sa foctm bat algo as normaively sings a8 = 2 econ Ine, Ges ery is tae inthe Balan Pina, Wu Greats re = and fee = tally orld wo Sl. They blon.of open Wes but when speaking of Eanes ey ‘Snot imarhly vero he European Oe to the exclsion of ini ‘trast Jat. And even when the ao ousted notion of a New Ea sent tr gos coufonation wid Masims impeded he TARO oany genetic erm nling ter popes of te 0%, Constantine Trouhalas ‘eis anon therefore ta the objecsve sede fsa Tiguiate geography strengthened the symbolic connotations of the ungue cll Resage. Lie ans, Hungarians and Baus, Grek ‘ould have wo develop ther common desis as ull nigue aad ‘eisufcent Bu ult hese peoples, Creks were burdened hy heir ‘gg shims nisi However smal maton bosing of steal singuaiyis alle pono py high pice, pecially when hi snglrty can be seen ‘fering om unesalnomate vl Inded, tothe eset hat wide ‘egemoni ambions are cjotively precluded ~ and this hs ceils bee the ca fr Greet east afte te colpso he tomas Emp whic some overconfident Greeks hd bee hoping congue rom ‘thin “iis art dacusely combine the species the nee in convincing ways. A poor, Weak and eltely backward country indulging in overarching earl fantasies cannot be ppg i Fanos, symbolic ad poyehogal pial. woul sem erefore that he ery ae rout out byte gory hat was Greece ured ot tobe veraetming er the Youthful es groggy entrusted with 2 nivel fet ea. The rlian i. ned oben, ‘rat east equal: nde Jacques Dera might ave ea tng ‘of Movers Grose when he ako "What praia? Ie an eon culation that meals the gift hough fs reciprocation, or an ‘agen a consummation anda Seacon? (Dede 191: 58) It ‘Smal ofthe ects of sch a symbtc Frac’ hl speak ‘Tradition and Modernity: Name, History, Language and the sence of Greeknes [As meaone, the congenial ambivalence of mae Grek seltmages ane tced dof the patcularites sartounding thei histo ‘nerpnc shouldbe ed bower at nponed ies of Grek ‘4 ot ele ony to sncient Grok svlzaton at fee othe ne es of goblets tou court European lization of acl fnigity emerged at fundamental ingredient ofthe newly defied ‘Scene ofan inherent superior estes cvilzatn. ws tht o¥8 ‘ull self images that Earpeans were taking to cgtre in hit ealized historical looking sls nde, the nations frosty, Isley. emanation an progress merged cc compnes ‘tthe conception of oneal and cumulative clu evolion under the leadeshi of an inert soe Europe: Ber since the eighenh -0- ‘The Irony of Symbolic Reciprocites zm the cultural supremacy of he conqueing Europeans was aken forgrmed Within ths contest ‘Hellenlty povided te it sytem conf “Drenalin (S 1991). Uaimpescable cura ergs were Puree gee bxlione vet eliig SG cpeeae a ‘ues eilzaion Europeans were temacaly ealizing hei om inimial pas omeve te normative vali of universal iviization in earch ‘ts own ening could tbe propery concived witha the ear: ‘tion ofits negative discursive coumepa. las ization ad its Privileged Earopen offing would hve fo be circumscribed and Peeoresoplemened ty te contraction ft Othe. Le. hen European ‘araran, obvi rescaled msi the East Even ‘fea foes beeen he wo geocalural ares were ery undef able twas view that fom bah geopaphial and a cultural pin of ‘view modern, Greece ma uated somewhere slong the imaginary viding inbetween open evization and Orel! To {hor Gecmens ther sure and Wet erential consternation, Greeks found themes yng na dscurive prt. Ambiguities of las ication were therfore lncvable, The descendants ofthe brian Halnss wou ave 1o sce hemslvs a veal sobsmable vader Sh nda cnet maid te dome atomic lhe mae oh hs poled conceptulizton hf the wr dof ts stoic Background was promply oxpize ino vcoheen {nds deograpial whole. No one could escape a song ‘orded aomatve patented by al te dsursive means conomtc {ed mltary power cul provide Ifo Europeans ees those sad ‘ouside the eof West poner, were led ake thet overall Ca ‘Sin supremuy for grated, whe expoed ou ofthe Hs oftheir immediate ideological action, Earocentic Hea had unforeseen and ‘mulaive fet For al peoples ste in th periphery the song ormtivedtnction tte ciliston and barbarian ler 08 fetween progres and backwards, epenented ol a deloicl Challenge tobe dealt with bd an ominously devasaing cultural and “oll thea lvariiy, Euoentedsoures woul be accepted, ‘Sd oe eine, fen al a the ume ine. Down oe preset rece of merization a wer alan coma. emi suse ge tment cr Greet pens aa ConstanneTrakaas ‘need Ledeen com. ery naa ae ‘ede yy uy ste cee iy inoal int enna tne ane essen clu cio sadam is the ooh one The Ir of Symbol Reciprocies cared he sperms of univenal progres were ofen depicted wa rce faving tained an evi pefeton Te no scien at nb Intellect! an tr pial haste. te anit should be fail as soperen. The Gena htoan Era Curl was mote tan explicit Greks moony Teed at “ina mony of bodies {otis mil nd simple ines arg yes, sight oes and Bey ‘Shaped moat’ ut thy were als erly Mesh of Thi cial. ‘harazeitcs mit berefore ave Bsn aig ine, if among eer ‘peoples beauty was the excep, among Greeks was thru (Cis 1865) "Te mpicaons were lea P andor efion an oly be atte ome Kd of rail prediction oc eset Dry Stemming aid om an undefined Nowh~ acest ender ‘tte European comet ~ Greek lod wa generally ace = a teed moe ee ee | ‘the predestined process of maturation ofa spirit that had developed ‘thowshout its og soy anconaminate fom the infuece of alt “ine peoples md races? Tn ths Sense, "Helo provid 2 iuntamental metonyic foundation fr the cowed European lego. Stel’ tum We ae all Gress mach mor thn a etna _xhoraon refs he etn dow he peri ris of» ‘ta crite oie gris eng il pe ie we ‘er Ine. Ra Kr’ word Ong st sim Ege wat ‘Sbescn animal sopra no Ere hs ws cae {Cm have been 4 ace he dwn of ine The splendor of he Chive eradicate proved he roo be nested ‘Seas oft asad clus owe ge Be "Te mioayme bas Cystalzed ough Helleplay’ st the deol sage forthe emergence of Moder Gree Eves if remin= scenes once ny wee nt absent when tela Byzantine Epic vas in decline they di nox become dominant unl the end ofthe ieee eee ‘Sheng aly ofc oe we mae Sin. Constantine Tos sighed eid Wr ein nie Butts pt sey og eft th expends Sonn bop sa bx lpg ee Oto pin vu oli pert ecnec ein Europe. sabe Lepinnn t inyanoa tnesteGk gage ae adyproviang eo commercial ge rans ong te aise Reimar wen trl tron tn ay re (pedis Compra coe a et rl Emp tcl ty Soh ihetny come of har orn cece vats er ‘Sone ey Yost io is an a ee ey facie ew of Gai arin Maro yt ‘Boyes dere psn acto nce nae dey ‘offered them ona golden pte. As depositries of Eaonsan, Url, ‘they immedistely believed themselves to be an elected people, if noe by ‘ot atest vena stn mts mg er toni a} Veli! emt, niga s mln nd ‘pou tientte moreno wife stlangs dence Sala rion ne bs he pore Eh amen. He fall sd'wa evenly eer Bit tar oe Seginng The Get nr impns rm 1101837 wa 0 {Sop nh ening ec ote emacpaingGcpeand of Chat pg ent Orenal dex, Vy chee, fr ‘heist nfs ere ela en enter ans ns of Sermon oft Cah vic ine ey teoaned sr oeisd ‘io, Ons take 0 ef pot, era Grek mds feria ine iar orc Onan Jas be co Ornette of den ilo iain su cn ey Ne Fa ‘aie, ny ened ray cet. tet fom the Ono ts val siete ng nb ob ‘camel fom te pers mone of he manele trvenenbyag cure Gee al Europe oat {9 Ane brad ean ng ese ener ars Lanta cine actin near sd i et {lt Ging ge fol tov of Nesclng ees ee Scan fe mnene Erpean mit cn at aly Sse cacti Moors nk Sei 10 Fo Sree hey ans ced ocd wena ‘nun pe pnon Tine fs andy ‘sof nino maa ention te etn ‘The Iromy of Symbolic Reciprociies te verte: The Eu tenn enn De ccm AOS eendenc vt see for new and worse SES, ‘ar Peed lar bth 1 romani EOS 0 a rex and sel-defeating, Indeed. iS oacins recog FStnsored by the Ouoman astborities eve es entrerencnrioreomae Pr ss the survival of uniform and writen Geek Pieter ier i mn ity f the yeni mb Tema pee ed eentececng sonal sot sie conchae pose Ore et ea shes ‘nino ne 5 ‘merpretations of revived. so non eae ede orca roe seo wie come ae wate de 0 Seep nd acne mts - escape Pere t a power ral confficts would make use of all game an coal oni oul 2 edi ima pl lad ae Eee en? a ge ey lel dependence oud ine Suan Tes seminoma cnt he ono rs een ft tie ale way lend lan he mda nero a3 ContantineTouttas “Gresknesteeted a deeper ong erm antagonism ove inuence prestige and power. The meaning of Greek national contin and Therefore te meaning ofa esureced Gres and of elation the ‘Wes ~ emerged ar open ies even belore he bization othe nen oii community. "This sate of flit ha important ideological side effects. The arrave mods of he new sal sry were mediately ope > fallenge: Indo te univenal symbol of cls ang could ‘ot poo be diegted bt it was gully oto be quston ook down upon he Onbodot Church I sates ad runs were dita and ‘me, the ley tert peas population comneed to uke the Teel clergy fer advice, el, consolation and even mata survival I shou indeed be kept in mind that the Ick fay kind of Feudal ‘ucuren or andl perry ha rendered te inflsenoe of pits an ‘monks even more prosoonced tan nthe European Wes. wer ad ‘Sond socta erschiesand power dependences had Denner ‘ercetres. very claps were arg etfs with the Church, is adimenty schol sold sewers, sole sand fen tas there cvs tht ancient Gres cold note exueted nits pate, dea form, Tas, however, peseted Grek arog) witha major poem. would ake slst bal century to stl co 2

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