BAI TP HOA V C CHNG 2: CAC THUYT ACID BASE

PHN I: CAC NHOM LAM CHUNG 1 CU TRONG CAC CU SAU Y (UNG

S TH T CUA NHOM, VD NHOM 7 LAM BAI S 7):

1. Hay tim cac c p acid base lin hp trong cac cht sau y: Dung dich H3PO4 trong
nc, dung dich NH3 trong nc, chi ra cac ion/ hp cht co tinh lng tinh trong cac
cht trn.
2. Ban cht cua phan ng acid base? Nu cac im chung va ring cua cac thuyt acid
base a hoc.
3. Cac ng dung cua cac thuyt acid-base (Arhenius, Bronsted, Lewis, Usanovic-Lux),
cho vi du minh hoa.
4. So sanh va giai thich cng cua cac base trong day sau y: ClO4-, MnO4-, ClO3-,
NO3-, CO32-.
5. So sanh kha nng hoa tan cua cac hp cht Mn(OH)2 va Mn(OH)4 trong HCl va NaOH,
giai thich?
6. Chi ra cac ion/ hp cht nao trong cac phan ng di y la acid-base-lng tinh (thei
thuyt acid-base nao):
a) CuCl + NaCl = Na[CuCl2]
b) AgBr + 2Na2S2O3 = Na3[Ag(S2O3)2] + NaBr
c) NiCl2 + 6H2O = [Ni(H2O)6]Cl2
7. Chi ra cac ion/ hp cht nao trong cac phan ng di y la acid-base-lng tinh (thei
thuyt acid-base nao):
a) Al(OH)3 + NaOH = Na[Al(OH)]4
b) FeCl3 + 6NaSCN = Na3[Fe(SCN)6] + 3NaCl
c) Na2[Co(SCN)4] + 6H2O = [Co(H2O]6](SCN)2 + 2NaSCN
8. Trong cac tiu phn sau y, tiu phn nao la acid, base, lng tinh theo cac thuyt
(giai thich): Bronsted va Lewis
F- ; S2- ; HS- ; Fe2+; Fe2+aq
Vit cac danh acid- base lin hp cua cac acid-base trn va th so sanh cng cua
chung trong nc.
9. Trong cac tiu phn sau y, tiu phn nao la acid, base, lng tinh theo cac thuyt
(giai thich): Bronsted va Lewis H2O ; HCl ; NH3; BCl3

Vit cac danh acid- base lin hp cua cac acid-base trn va th so sanh cng cua
chung trong nc.
10. Hay xac inh acid - base Usanovich trong cac phan ng sau:
a) CaO + SiO2 = CaSiO3
b) Al2O3 + SiO2 = Al2SiO5
c) Al(OH)3 + NaOH = NaAlO2 + 2H2O
d) 2Al(OH)3 + P2O5 = 2AlPO4 + 3H2O
e) 2NaH + B2H6 = 2Na[BH4]
11. Vit biu thc tinh Ka va Kb cua cac c p acid-base lin hp cua cac acid sau: HClO4,
H2SO4 trong dung mi proton hoa CH3COOH nu bit KS cua dung mi nay. So sanh tinh
acid cua cac acid trn ?
12/ Vit cac phan ng thuy phn cua SiCl4 va AlCl3. So sanh kha nng thuy phn cua cac
hp cht nay va tinh cac hng s thuy phn (nu co), cac hng s cn thit t tra.
13/ Vit phan ng thuy phn cua cac acid sau trong nc: Na+, Ca2+, Al3+, Cu2+ trong
nc, vit hng s thuy phn va so sanh kha nng thuy phn cua chung (ban kinh ion tra
trong bang a cho).
14/ Vit phan ng thuy phn cua cac acid sau trong nc: K+, Mg2+, B3+, Cu+ trong nc,
vit hng s thuy phn va so sanh kha nng thuy phn cua chung (ban kinh ion tra trong
bang a cho).
15/ Vit phan ng thuy phn cua cac base sau (nu co) trong nc: F-, O2-, Cl-, HS- trong
nc, vit hng s thuy phn va so sanh kha nng thuy phn cua chung (ban kinh ion tra
trong bang a cho).
16. Vit phan ng thuy phn cua cac base sau (nu co) trong nc: SO42-, HSO4-, ClO-, S2trong nc, vit hng s thuy phn va so sanh kha nng thuy phn cua chung (ban kinh
ion tra trong bang a cho).
17/ Vit phan ng thuy phn cua CuCl2 trong nc khi khng co m t va co m t NH3. Bit
Kb cua phc [Ag(CN) 2]-2 la 1012.0 va tich s tan cua Cu(OH)2 la 4.8x10-20. Nh n xet v kt
qua.
18/ Tinh pH cua 3 dung dich 0,1N cua NaHCO3, NaH2PO4, (NH4)HSO4. Cac hng s cn
thit t tra.
19/ Tinh pH cua 3 dung dich 0,1N cua CuCl2, Na3PO4, Al2(SO4)3. Cac hng s cn thit t
tra.
20/ Hay cho bit dang acid va base bronsted manh nht trong:
a) NH3 lng,
b) H2S lng, c) HCl lng, d) Dung dich HI trong nc.

21/ Co th dng cht nao di y lam kh khi CO2 , khi NH3, giai thich?
a) H2SO4
b)BaO2
c) NaOH
d) CaO
22/ Nn thm cht nao di y vao dung dich nhm cloride lam tng s thuy phn
cua mui nay?
a) HCl
b) NaCl
c) NH4Cl
d) Na2CO3
Vit phan ng thuy phn va tinh hng s cn bng khi co va khng co m t cht o.
23/ Nhng oxyt nao cua mangan: co tinh lng tinh?
a) MnO ,Mn2O3
b) Mn2O3 , Mn2O7
c) MnO2, MnO3
d) Mn2O3 , MnO2
Vit phan ng minh hoa cho tinh lng tinh o.
24/ Nhng cht nao di y khi thm vao dung dich CrCl3 lam giam s thuy phn cua
mui nay? 1) NH4Cl ; 2) CH3COOH ; 3) Na2S ; 4) NaHCO3
a) 1 , 2 & 4
b) 2
c) 3 & 4
d) 1 & 2
Vit phan ng thuy phn va tinh hng s cn bng khi co va khng co m t cht o.
25/ Cho bit nhng oxide nao di y d tac dung vi nc:
PbO, SO3, BaO, V2O3
a) BaO
b) SO3, BaO
c) SO3, V2O3
d) PbO, SO3, BaO
Vit phan ng va biu thc hng s cn bng cua cac phan ng o.
26/ Cho bit cac acid va base sau y:
Acid cng:
Li+ ; Mg2+
Base cng:
OHAcid mm:
Ag+ , Cd2+
Base mm:
CNCho bit hydroxide cua nhng kim loai nao d tan trong dung dich natri cyanide.
a) LiOH, Mg(OH)2
b) LiOH, AgOH
c) Mg(OH)2, Cd(OH)2,
d) AgOH, Cd(OH)2
Vit phan ng xay ra va biu thc tinh hng s cn bng.
27/ Cho bit nhng oxide nao d tac dung vi acid HCl trong s cac oxide sau:
Tl2O, La2O3, ReO2, MgO, MnO2, Cr2O3
a) Tl2O , La2O3, MgO
b) Tl2O , MgO
c) Tl2O , La2O3 , MnO2
d) Tl2O , La2O3, MgO , ReO2
Vit phan ng va biu thc hng s cn bng.
28/ Nhng oxide nao cua Crom tac dung c vi acid hydroclohydric theo phan ng
acid-base?
a) CrO
b) Cr2O3
c) CrO3
d) CrO2
Vit phan ng va biu thc HSCB.

29/ Mui nao di y thuy phn manh nht trong nc?

a) Cr2(SO4)3
b) MnCl3
c) NaAlO2
Vit phan ng thuy phn va tinh HSCB.
30/ Ion phc nao di y la kem bn nht?
a) [CuCl2]b) [CuI2]Giai thich? (Cac hng s cn thit t tra).

c) [CuF2]-

d) Fe(NO3)3

d) [CuBr2]-

31/ Cho bit nhng oxide nao d tac dung vi acid HCl trong s cac oxide sau:
Cu2O, Ga2O3, ZrO2, SrO, Al2O3
a) Cu2O , Al2O3, SrO
b) Cu2O , SrO
c) Cu2O , Ga2O3
d) Cu2O , Ga2O3, SrO , ZrO2
Vit phan ng va biu thc tinh HSCB.
32/ Co th dng nhng cht nao di y lam kh khi ammoniac, khi H2S, giai thich?
CaO ; P2O5 ; H2SO4 ; NaOH
33/ Hng c thuy phn cua mt s cation c cho trong bang sau:
Ion
Na+
Mg2+
Ca2+
Ba2+
Al3+
Fe2+
Fe3+
rion (nm) 0,098
0,074
0,104
0,138
0,057
0,080
0,067
pKtp
15
11,2
12,6
13,2
5,1
9,5
2,2
+ Co nhn xet gi v s phu thuc gia in tich va kich thc cation vi khan
nng thuy phn cua no?
+ Co nhn xet gi v s khac bit gia s thuy phn cua Fe2+ va Fe3+ so vi cac ion
khac hay khng? Nguyn nhn gy ra s khac bit o?
34/ Hay sp xp cac base sau y theo chiu tng dn cua ai lc i vi proton. Giai thich
tai sao co th d oan nh vy?
a) NR3, N3-, NH3, NCl3
b) S2-, H2S, HS-, R2S
35/ Hay cho bit nhng cht sau y cht nao s la acid hoc base trong HF lng: BF3,
SbF5, H2O. Giai thich.
PHN II: MI SV TRONG NHOM RA 1 CU TRC NGHI M TRONG CHNG
2, S TH T CUA CU TRUNG VI S TT CUA SV TRONG NHOM.