Phng tin v cu

cnh gii thot l hai

mi lin h mt thit vi
nhau. Cu cnh ch c
mt nhng phng tin
th v s. Chng ta phi
la chn th no, p
dng ra sao trn con
ng i tm cu cnh
cho chnh mnh.

Mt bi ging v nhng iu kin no

mt t-kheo nn tip tc sng ti mt
khu rng, tr x, quc hay gn gi
mt ngi no , v iu kin no nn
b i ch khc ni khc tu tp.

 Lu hoc (sava). Ch sava theo ngha

ban s l mt loi nc say do lu ngy
m thnh.
- Nc say ly t bng nh bng tht nt, gi
l pupphsava.
- Nc say ly t qu tri cy nh nho... gi
l phalsava.
- Cht say ly t mt ong, gi l
madhuvsava.\
- Cht say ly t ma, gi l gusava.

 Lu hoc (sava). Ch sava y

c hai ngha l cn b hay s r r.
c Pht dng t ny gi tn
nhng th phin no cn bn to nn
cuc lun hi.

 V nh nc t trong lng ni thm rn qua k

nt ca , hay chy rn ra t k nt.
Cng vy, nhng cht c ca tm linh s
thm rn hoc chy ra t k nt ca mt,
tai, mi, li, thn v khi tip xc vi cc
cnh trn.
Ch sava cn c dch l trm lun,
hay ngm tm.
Tc l php ny lm chng sinh chm m
trong lun hi (trm lun), hay chng sinh
phi chu ngm mnh trong ging nc lun
hi (ngm tm).

 ch phc (yogakkhema).
Yoga y c ngha l s
rng buc hay tri ct.

Vaasmi satte yojentti =

yoga.
Php no s em chng
sanh rng buc trong lun
hi, gi l ch phc.

V nh con b phi mang ci ch vo c, n

khng c t do i u cng c, n phi i
theo s dn dt ca ngi ch. Cng vy,
chng sanh c mi chu lun hi, khng th gii
thot c cng v s rng buc ny.

 c ngoi duyn h tr thun duyn

cho cng phu gii thot, hnh gi cn
c quyt nh ng n v tr x v
ngi thn cn, ng hnh.
V c Pht a ra bn trng hp
cc v t quyt nh cho mnh nn
ni nh th no v thn cn ngi ra
sao.

 bt c tr x no k c
mt khu rng hoang vng
yn tnh nhng nu xt
thy ni tam hc khng
c pht trin v i
sng vt cht kh khn th
v y nn lp tc b i ni
khc.

Tu khng tin + t s
him b i

Tuy nhin, nhng tr x no, chng hn nh

mt khu rng m s tu tp tam hc c thnh
tu d dng, d cho vt dng c kh khn
n my i na, v T-khu phi t qun xt
nh sau c th tip tc li: Ta sng i

sng phm hnh ch v cu cnh gii thot v

thng ch khng phi v ti vt.
Tu tin + t s him li

i vi cc v ng tr,
du l bn b hay thy
t, cho d s chung
sng vi h c em li
cho v T-khu mt
nim vui no v tinh
thn hay s gii thot
v vt cht nhng
khng th gip nhau
pht trin v tam hc
th s cng tr ny xem
ra vn l mt li lm, v
T-khu cn phi ra i
ni khc.

Tu khng tin + t
d dng b i

Ngc li, khi sng vi v ng tr no m

tam hc bn thn c pht trin th d s
chung sng ny c gp phi bao nhiu th
thch i na, k nh mt s xua ui, v Tkhu cng phi tm cch li.

Tu tin + t s d dng li

Ba php cn tng trng

Bn mn vt dng
Ra i v li
Phng tin v cu cnh

Ba php cn tng trng

1. Tng thng gii (Adhislasikkh), s hc
tp trau gii gii hnh chn chnh, lm nn
tng tng tin tm nh.
2. Tng thng tm (Adhicittasikkh), s tu tp
v tm thin kin c, lm nn tng tng tin
tu minh st.
3. Tng thng tu (Adhipasikkh), s tu
tp pht trin tr tu thm st thc tng danh
sc t n tri kin thanh tnh, gic ng gii
thot.
Ba hc php ny gi tm tt l Gii, nh, Tu,
tc l Tam hc.

GII
SLA

CHNH NG
SAMMVC

ni chn tht, ni
ha hp, ni du
ngt, ni li ch

CHNH NGHIP
SAMMKAMMANTO

khng st sanh,
khng trm cp,
khng t dm

CHNH MNG
SAMM-JVO

nui mng chn

chnh, khng dng
s hnh t vy to
sinh k

NH
SAMDHI

CHNH TINH
TN
SAMMVYMO

gng sc dp b
c php v trau
di thin php

CHNH NIM
SAMMSATI

ghi nhn bin

ng ca danh
sc

CHNH NH
SAMMSAMDHI

tp trung vo
mc thin

TU
PA

CHNH KIN
SAMMDIHI

tr tu thy r t ,
hoc thy tam tng
i vi ng un

CHNH T DUY
SAMMSAKAPPO

suy ngh ly dc, v

sn, bt hi

Bn mn vt dng
1. Y phc (Cvara), gm y ca-sa (Ksva), vi
mc che thn.
2. Vt thc (Piapta), gm thc n v thc
ung nui sng thn mng.
3. Sng ta (Sensana), gm ch nm, ch
ngi, lun c tr x, ch ng trnh ma nng.
4. Thuc tr bnh (Gilnapaccayabhesajja),
gm cc th thuc ung, thuc thoa.

Y phc

Ta th dng y phc
ngn nga nng lnh
Hoc xc chm mui mng
Gi sng v ma nng
Cng rn rt cn trng
V ch che thn
Trnh nhng iu h thn.

Cvara:T gi chung chn loi y trang ca tng

ni Pht gio theo Lut Tng.
Chn loi y l: Tng-gi-l (saghi),
thng y hay y vai tri (uttarasanga), h y hay
y ni (antaravsaka), y tm ma
(vassikasika), y rt gh (kaupaticchdi),
ta c (nisdana), khn tri ging hay bc
gh (paccattharana), khn lau gm khn tay
v khn tm ni chung (mukhapuchana),
khn lc nc (parikkhracoaka).

Ta th dng vt thc
Khng phi vui a
Khng ham m v
Khng phi trang sc
Khng t lm p mnh
M ch thn ny
c bo tr mnh khe
trnh s tn thng
tr duyn phm hnh
Cm th c c tr
Th mi khng sinh khi
V s khng lm li
Ta sng c an lnh.

Vt thc

Vt dng n ht ng: Yvaklika, cm, vt thc,

bnh tri
Vt dng n ht m: Ymaklika, tm th nc
dng gii kht trong bui chiu ti nh l:
nc tri trm, tri xoi, tri chui, thanh tr
Vt dng trong by ngy: Satthaklika, nm th
nh b t, b ti, ng, mt ong
Vt dng sut i: Yvajvika, r cy, c, l,
bng, tri, v thuc loi dng lm thuc hoc
mui hay l mt th thuc no theo cch cn
dng.

Sng ta

Ta th dng liu tht

ngn nga nng lnh
Hoc xc chm mui mng
Gi sng v ma nng
Cng rn rt cn trng
gii tr nguy him
Do phong th t thi
V ch vi mc ch
Sng c c an tnh

Sensana: Hn dch l sng ta, ngha

en l ch nm ngi ni chung. Nhng
thut ng ny phi c hiu l gm
lun c ni c ng. Bi t-khu xa
phn ln u thng xuyn sng ngoi
rng ni, vn cy, ni chung l bn
ngoi phng c, nn ch ngi v ch
nm thng ch l mt. V ch c th
nm ngi cng chnh l tr x ca v
vy.

Thuc tr bnh
Ta th dng y dc
Dnh cho ngi bnh dng
ngn nga cm th
Tn hi pht sanh
c hon ton bnh phc.

Bhesajja: Thuc tr bnh ni chung. Ngoi

tr cc th c xem l dc phm t tin
nh (Lut k r l mt ong, mt ma, b,
du), cc th thuc khc c lm t r, v
cy, l cy u c th ct gi lu hn by
ngy, thm ch n khi xi ht th thi.
Pna: Ch gi chung mt s loi nc ung
t-khu c th dng bui chiu, nh nc
ct tri cy p ti.

Ra i v li
C th tm gn bn trng hp, hai i
v hai nh sau:
Tu khng tin, t s him i;
Tu khng tin, t s di do i;
Tu tin, t s him ;
Tu tin, t s di do .

Tu khng tin, t s him i

Tu khng tin, t s di do i

Tu tin, t s di do

Phng tin v cu cnh

Cu cnh - Gii thot l mc ch ti
thng.
Phng tin l cc hc php Pht l
khng th khng c t cu cnh.
Cc hc php Pht ny c th thay
bng cc hc php Pht khc nhng
phi ph hp.

Trong kinh, vi v d ca Nh Lai, cu cnh

l g ? l:
- Cc nim cha c an tr phi c an
tr (tm t ri lon phi c thnh khng
ri lon);
- Tm t cha c nh tnh c nh tnh
(tm t cha nh phi c nh) ;
- Cc lu hoc cha c hon ton on
tr c hon ton on tr (phin no
cha c on tr phi c on tr).

Trong kinh, vi v d ca Nh Lai,

phng tin l g ?
l: Khu rng v bn mn vt dng
nh l: y phc, n kht thc, sng
ta, dc phm tr bnh.
c c s yn , tnh mch
khng b khuy ng bi nhng
chuyn, nhng m thanh no ng
ca i thng.
Nhng nhu cu thit yu ca cuc
sng.

Vi trng hp mt v hai: cu cnh (mc

ch ti thng) khng t. Mt khi cu cnh
khng t th lp tc phi ri b ngay
phng tin ang s dng cho d vi bt
c l do g.
Vi trng hp ba v bn: cu cnh (mc
ch ti thng) t. Mt khi cu cnh t
th phi gi cht phng tin ang s dng
cho d vi bt c tr ngi, kh khn g.

Tht kh cho ngi hc tr khi khng th

c nhng tin b g hn nu nh tip tc hc
vi ngi thy ca mnh. X l th no y ?
Nu li, c mt i thanh xun, vi tr tu
minh mn, tinh thn tinh anh, sc hc mnh
m nht s phi tri i Nhng c hi tu
dng khc ri cng s phi b lng ph b
qua
Nu b i sao trnh khi s th phi

Nh vy, kinh Khu

Rng trong b Kinh
Trung B cp n
hai khi nim thit
yu v quan trng,
l: Phng tin v
cu cnh.

Ngoi ra, mt na, l: Php Pht vn d l

mun vn php hc Pht. Php Pht nh cnh
rng bt ngn, bao la mi cy l mt hc
php Pht. Lm sao c th nm bt c c
mt rng cy? lm g trong khi ch cn
vi cy l ?

Cho nn, sau khi do quanh, thm quan khu

rng, hy chn ly mt chn nh b ph hp
m bt u cuc hnh trnh tu tp ca
mnh. Gi nh c mt chn thanh tnh, h
c g li c phi (nghe li ra, tn vo) nhy
long qung, ht ch ny, n ch n ?

i u loanh quanh cho i mi mt

Php mn tu, hay con ng, l yu t

quyt nh s thnh tu ca cng phu
tu tp phm hnh. Bn cnh , tr x
tu hnh v ngi bn ng tu cng l
mt tr duyn quan trng cho cuc tu.
V hnh gi phi la cho mnh ni tu tp
thch hp, ngi bn thn cn tr gip
cho mnh tin trin cho qu trnh cng
phu ca mnh.