Solidedge FEA Introducction

4th Generation VLC
courtesy of Edison2
515 - An Introduction to FEA via

Solid Edge and FEMAP
Mark Sherman, Director or Femap Development, Siemens PLM Software
Unrestricted Siemens AG 2013 All rights reserved.
#SEU13
Agenda: 515 - An Introduction to FEA via Solid Edge

and FEMAP
Who am I?
What you will learn
Solid Edge capabilities
Demonstrations
Benefits of this topic
How to learn more
4th Generation VLC

courtesy of Edison2

Page 2
Siemens PLM Software
About: Mark Sherman

Mark Sherman
Director or Femap Development

Page 3
What you will learn

This session will cover the basics of Finite Element Analysis with an emphasis on
how to use FEA tools to effectively influence the design process and increase
product quality and performance. Proper application of the tools provided in both
Solid Edge and FEMAP will be discussed. This session should be useful to
designers and engineers who want to more fully understand the structural,
dynamic and thermal performance of individual parts and complex systems.
Fundamental concepts of FEA will be discussed, as well as advanced topics and
advanced analysis disciplines, including highlights from the next day's FEMAP
Symposium.

Page 4
A Brief History of FEA and FEM

The concept of a Finite Element was introduced by Prof. R.W. Clough of UC Berkeley in
1960 at an ASCE Conference.
NASTRAN (NASA STRuctural ANalysis) was developed for NASA by a consortium of
several companies for the analysis of the Saturn V rocket.
Siemens PLM Software acquired MSC.Nastran source code in 2003 and has
greatly improved the performance and capabilities of
NX Nastran through the latest release of NX Nastran 8.1
Finite Element Modelers(Pre/Post Processors), the tools used to generate Finite
Element meshes and view results, were first commercialized in the 1970s.
Siemens PLM Software began the first commercial offering of FEM software with
the introduction of SDRC SuperTab in the 1970s.
Siemens continues to support the analysis community with Femap and NX CAE
pre/post-processors.

Page 5
The Solution
Consider a single degree of freedom system a simple spring:
Apply the following conditions to generate a system of simultaneous equations where
displacements are the unknowns:
Equilibrium of forces and moments
Strain- displacement relations
Ku=P
(static analysis)
Stress-strain relations
K: spring stiffness
P: applied load
u: displacement
Page 6
Solution for Multiple DOFs

Any real structure can be modeled as a collection of elements connected at
nodes
With many elements and nodal dofs, a matrix approach to the solution is
adopted
ka
Element stiffness matrix

k11 k12
ka =
kb
2
k21 k22
All element matrices are assembled into a global stiffness matrix
Kgg =
ka11
ka12
ka21
ka22 + kb22
kb23
kb32
kb33

Page 7
Modeling of Real Structures

The behavior of the real structure is obtained by considering the collective
behavior of the discrete elements.
The user is responsible for the subdivision or discretization of real-world
structures.
Element choice has significant influence on the behavior
A graphic preprocessor such as FEMAP/SE Simulation is the key tool for
generating a model that accurately simulates real world structures
Kgg =
ka
-ka
-ka
ka + kb
-kb
-kb
kb
Contributions from all other elements
nxn
Page 8
Small Example

Page 9
Small Example
Ku=P
(static analysis)
u = K-1 P

Page 10
Small Example in FEMAP

Page 11
FEA in Solid Edge and FEMAP

Solid Edge Simulation
FEMAP w/NX Nastran
Linear Static
Normal Modes
Buckling
Steady State Heat
Transfer
Nonlinear
*Geometric NL in ST6
Advanced Nonlinear
Superelement
Aeroelasticity
Advanced Dynamics

Page 12
Linear Static Analysis

Solid Edge
FEMAP
Isotropic Materials
Tri/Quad Shell Elements
Beam Elements
Tetrahedral Solid
Elements
Loads Forces,
Pressures
Constraints
Isotropic Materials
Tri/Quad Shell Elements
Beam Elements
Tetrahedral Solid
Elements
More Element Types
Composite Laminates
Equation Based Loads
Data Surface Loads
Additional Load Types

Page 13
90%+ of all FEA projects
100% Linear if you double the loads,

you get double the response
Material stays in the elastic range

return to original shape
Small Deformation
Maximum Displacement much smaller
than characteristic dimensions of the
part being studied, i.e. displacement
much less than the thickness of the
part
Loads are applied slow and

gradually, i.e. not Dynamic or Shock
Loading

Page 14
What can you expect to learn from a

linear static Finite Element Analysis
Displacements
Load Paths
Stress

Page 15
Important Guidelines
Linear Analysis is small displacement, small angle theory

Must use nonlinear analysis if the displacement changes the stiffness or loads
Pressure loads on flat surfaces, have no membrane component unless nonlinear
large displacement solution performed.(load carried by bending stiffness only)
Linear contact is a misnomer, contact condition is iterative solution, but no other
nonlinear effects are considered.
Mesh density required is a function of the desired answers
Must have enough nodes so model can deform smoothly like the real structure.
In general, accurate stresses require more elements than accurate displacements.
Goal is for a small stress gradient across any individual element
Normal modes should always be run before any dynamic solution
Confirm model behavior, stiffness and mass properties are correct

Page 16
Example Truss Model
Live Example Simple Truss

Page 17
Example Truss Model
Beam Model
Initial Sizing
General Idea of Deflection

and even Stress Level
Model Checkout Run

Modes!
Symmetry in Mode Shapes

Page 18
Example Shell Model
Beyond the Beam Model
Crippling
Nonlinear Failure
Beam Models will

show column
buckling
Shell Models can

detect flange
instabilties

Page 19
Example Solid Model

Page 20
Details Glued Connection

Page 21
Detailed Local Model

Free Body Interface Load
Check Strength of Weld
288.56 #/inch weld shear
163.96 #/inch weld tension
================================================================================================================
** TOTAL SUMMATION **:
5.90822887, -563.430786, 320.078766, 188.497498, -4.823166E-5, 6.9473767

Page 22
Detailed Sub-Model
Extract Sub-Model
Apply Free Edge
Displacements (or loads)
Refine mesh in area of

interest
Better results

Page 23
Linear Statics - Stresses

To accurately recover stresses in shell and solid elements, the
mesh must be very dense in areas of high stress gradients
Stress Changing Too

Fast Across One Element

Page 24
Stresses from the Web

Page 25

To accurately recover stresses in shell and solid elements, the
mesh must be very dense in areas of high stress gradients
Stress Changing Less Across

an Element More Accurate

Page 26

Keeping Model Size Reasonable
Increase the Mesh Density where you need it, decrease it where
you dont

Page 27

Page 28
Guidelines for Good Stress Interpretation Singularities

Page 29
Guidelines for Linear Static Analysis - Stresses
Remember the limitations of Linear analysis
Increase Mesh Density in High Stress Regions
Ignore Stress Answers at Singularities
Zero Radius Fillets
Inside Corners
Loaded and Constrained Nodes

Page 30
Advanced Dynamics Examples

Frequency response analysis is used to compute structural response to steady-state oscillatory
excitation. Examples of oscillatory excitation include rotating machinery, unbalanced tires,
and helicopter blades. In frequency response analysis the excitation is explicitly defined in
the frequency domain. Excitations can be in the form of applied forces and enforced motions
(displacements, velocities, or accelerations).
Request responses
between 50 and 80 Hz,
every 0.05 Hz
Page 31
Advanced Dynamics Examples
Live Demo Use the finite element model to adjust the

design to avoid

Page 32
FEMAP Symposium
FEMAP Symposium Preview
Overview of what our FEMAP Partners do

with the software
Provide idea

Page 33
SDC Verifier - Wouter van den Bos
The goal of SDC Verifier is checking structures according

to standards and report generation.
34
Page 34
www.sdcverifier.com
Report Generation in Designer

Print and Preview without Word
Export To Word
Toolbox with all project items
Regenerate
part of report
Edit properties
with context
menu easily
Extra Items
Move items
(Drag and
Drop)
Edit Item
Properties
35
Page 35
www.sdcverifier.com
Fatigue Essentials/Stress-Life Made Easy with Femap

- George Laird, Predictive Engineering Inc
Fatigue Analysis

Page 36
Frederic Boilard, MAYA and Eric Preissner, PEC

Using Femap for Large Space System Analysis
SAToolkit for Femap
Random and Sine solutions from Nx NASTRAN

normal modes results
Efficient post-processing of Nx Nastran results
Ranking, sorting, enveloping, filtering
Summaries by groups, subcases, etc.
Margins of safety for different failure types
Direct manipulation of .op2 file data
Extremely efficient for large models
Automatic Femap compatible graphical results

Automatic report generation
HTML, MS Excel, ASCII
Page 37
SAToolkit suite
Random vibration processor

Sine vibration processor
Element force processor
Energy processor
Modal processor
Stress processor
Grid point force processor
Mass processor

Page 38
Femap / Excel API
Allow to link Excel and Femap

Permits to drive Femap changes from Excel
Material import / export
MAT1, MAT2 and MAT8
Property import / export

CBAR, CBEAM, CBUSH, PSHELL, PSOLID and CONM2
Create groups from nodes and element ranges

Extract mass per properties or group for easy
mass tuning

Page 39
Simulating Drop Loads Impact on a Structure

with Femap and NX Nastran - John LeCour,
Saratech
Proper use of Rigid elements

to model masses
How to define impact
conditions
Assessing different solutions
for impact assessments
Setting up a Transient
Solution for impact loads

Page 40
Tips for Debugging Finite Element Models in

Femap and Nastran - David Weinberg, NEi
Software
Diagnose Common Problems
when models dont run
Singularities
Disconnected Elements
Mixed Mesh Shell/
Solid Mesh Issues
Quad Element
In-Plane Rotations

Page 41
Nonlinear Analysis Using Femap with NX Nastran

- Chip Fricke, Principal Application Engineer
Overview of Nonlinear Analysis
Comparison of the NX Nastran Nonlinear and NX Nastran Advanced Nonlinear

Solvers
Nonlinear Material Models
Example Large Deformation using both NX Nastran Nonlinear and Advanced

Nonlinear
NX Nastran Basic Nonlinear Analysis
NX Nastran Advanced Nonlinear Analysis
Femap Examples and NX Nastran Technical References

Page 42
What Defines Nonlinear Analysis

Material Nonlinearity
Transient (time-dependent) loading
Large displacement
Contact due to
Closure or opening of large gaps
Rigid contact bodies
Double-sided contact
Edge to Edge contact
Collision or impact
Load Direction Changes with Deflection

Page 43
Advanced Postprocessing Using the Femap API

- Patrick Kriengsiri, Senior Software Engineer
How Output is Stored in the FEMAP Database
Attached Results vs. Internalized Results

Controlling Output Display with the FEMAP View Object
Output Set and Output Vector Objects
FEMAP Results Browsing Object
Output Processing
Creating User Output

Importing Custom Output Data

Page 44
Existing FEMAP APIs

Andy Haines - Applications Engineer - FEMAP
An rundown of existing FEMAP API scripts including:
Stress Linearization Tool
Calculate and Thicken Tool for shell elements for variable thickness
geometry
Hide/Show Entities Tool for easy manipulation of viewable entities
Auto Bolt-maker Tool for creating spider and beam bolts
CBUSH Reference Coordinate System visualization

Other useful tools currently available

Page 45
FEMAP Tips and Tricks

Andy Haines - Applications Engineer - FEMAP
A chance to learn about lesser known functionality already available in the
FEMAP product in the following areas:
User Interface
Geometry
Modeling
Visualization
Analysis
Post-Processing

Page 46
Dynamic Response Analysis with External

Superelements - Joe Brackin, Senior Software
Engineer
One efficient technique for performing system level dynamic
analysis is to use Craig-Bampton style external superelements for
some components. Femap now supports the creation and use of
external superelements. By adding the Craig-Bampton modal
information to the standard external superelement, we can very
efficiently increase the accuracy of the dynamic behavior of the
component. We will demonstrate the creation and use of CraigBampton style external superelements in a system level normal
modes analysis in Femap.
This example will demonstrate the use of external superelements to
perform a normal modes solution of a rocket system composed of 3
components.
Example steps:
1) Solve for the normal modes of the rocket system without
superelements.
2) Create an external superelement representing each booster.
3) Create a normal modes solution for the center tank and attach the
booster external SE.
4) Create a new booster external SE with Craig-Bampton modes
added.
5) Perform a second rocket system normal modes solution using the
Craig-Bampton booster to demonstrate the increased accuracy.
Page 47

Solidedge FEA Introducction

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4th Generation VLC

515 - An Introduction to FEA via

Unrestricted Siemens AG 2013 All rights reserved.

Agenda: 515 - An Introduction to FEA via Solid Edge

4th Generation VLC

Unrestricted Siemens AG 2013 All rights reserved.

Siemens PLM Software

About: Mark Sherman

Unrestricted Siemens AG 2013 All rights reserved.

Siemens PLM Software

What you will learn

Unrestricted Siemens AG 2013 All rights reserved.

Siemens PLM Software

A Brief History of FEA and FEM

Unrestricted Siemens AG 2013 All rights reserved.

Siemens PLM Software

Strain- displacement relations

Siemens PLM Software

Solution for Multiple DOFs

Element stiffness matrix

All element matrices are assembled into a global stiffness matrix

Unrestricted Siemens AG 2013 All rights reserved.

Siemens PLM Software

Modeling of Real Structures

Contributions from all other elements

Siemens PLM Software

Unrestricted Siemens AG 2013 All rights reserved.

Siemens PLM Software

Unrestricted Siemens AG 2013 All rights reserved.

Siemens PLM Software

Small Example in FEMAP

Unrestricted Siemens AG 2013 All rights reserved.

Siemens PLM Software

FEA in Solid Edge and FEMAP

FEMAP w/NX Nastran

Unrestricted Siemens AG 2013 All rights reserved.

Siemens PLM Software

Linear Static Analysis

Unrestricted Siemens AG 2013 All rights reserved.

Siemens PLM Software

Linear Static Analysis

90%+ of all FEA projects

100% Linear if you double the loads,

Material stays in the elastic range

Loads are applied slow and

Unrestricted Siemens AG 2013 All rights reserved.

Siemens PLM Software

Linear Static Analysis

What can you expect to learn from a

Unrestricted Siemens AG 2013 All rights reserved.

Siemens PLM Software

Linear Analysis is small displacement, small angle theory

Unrestricted Siemens AG 2013 All rights reserved.

Siemens PLM Software

Example Truss Model

Live Example Simple Truss

Unrestricted Siemens AG 2013 All rights reserved.

Siemens PLM Software

Example Truss Model

General Idea of Deflection

Model Checkout Run

Symmetry in Mode Shapes

Unrestricted Siemens AG 2013 All rights reserved.

Siemens PLM Software