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    ISO-10816 Part 3

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    ISO-10816 Part 3

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    3K views18 pages

    Iso 10816 3

    Uploaded by

    patrickandreas77
    ISO-10816 Part 3

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    of 18
    INTERNATIONAL ISO STANDARD 10816-3 First edition 1098-05-15, EEE Mechanical vibration — Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts — Part 3: Industrial machines with nominal power above 15 kW and nominal speeds between 120 r/min and 15 000 r/min when measured in situ Vibrations mécaniques — Evaluation des vibrations des machines par _masurages sur les parties non toumantes — arti: Machines inaustietes de puissance cominala supérieure 8 15 kW et ce vitesse nominale entre 120 rimin et 15.000 réin, orsqu'elles ‘mesurées in situ Relarenoo number 150 10616-3:1996(E) 1s ISO 10816-3:1998(E) — Part 6: Reciprocating machines with power ratings above 100 KW Annex A forms an integral part of this part of ISO 10816. Annex B is for information only. 180 10816-3:1998(E) Foreword |SO (the Intemational Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies ((SO member bodies). The work of preparing Inlomational Standards is normally carried out through ISO {echnical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which ' technical commitiee has been established has the right to be represented ‘on that commitee. Intemational organizations, governmental and ron~ (governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO Collaborates closely with tho Intomational Electrotechnical Commission {(1EC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization, Draft international Standards. adopted by the technical committees are ‘Greulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International ‘Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting avoie. Intemational Standard ISO 10816-3 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TG 108, Mechanical vibration and shock, Subcommittee SC 2, ‘Measurement and evaluation of mechanical vibration and shook as appliod to machines, vehicles and structures. ISO 10816 consists of the following parts, under the general tile ‘Mechanical vibration — Eveluaton of machine vibration by measurements (00 nor-olating parts — Part 1: Genera! quieines = Part 2: Large land-based steam turbine gonerator sets in excess of 5sOMW. — Part 3: Industrial machines with nominal power above 15 kW and nominal speeds between 120 r/min and 15.000 rfmin when measured insity — Part 4: Gas turbine driven sets excluding sirraft derivatives — Pia ice sts Ices pote gmat and pureg 1s © 1801008 [i ight esorved. Unies oterwie scl, ro pan of his publication may be reproduced 6 kasd n ary Yom a by ary means, encore a machaniak nciing photocopying snd ‘erotim, wtou orm wisn Fore pul. nuaatona! xganzaton for Standotizaton (Grea ponte = C4211 Gendve 20+ Switzer Intoret cenraigesa.ch XAGQ” Sch 2400" pico: ace: escent Premadin Swizanans 180 10816-3:1998(E) eiso Introduction ISO 108161 is the basic document which describes the general requirements for evaluating the vibration of various machine types when the vibration measurements are made on non-rotating parts. This part of 1S0 10816 provides specific guidance for assessing the severity of Vibration measured on bearings, bearing pedestals, or housings of industrial machines when measurements are made in situ ‘Two criteria are provided for assessing the machine vibration. One criterion considers the magnitude of the observed vibration; the second considers ‘changes in the magnitude. It must be recognized, however, that these ‘fiteria do not form the anly basis for judging the severity of vibration. For some machine types, it Is also common to judge the vibration based on ‘measurements taken on the rotating shafts. Sheft vibration measurement requirements and criteria are addressed in separate documents, 180 7819-1 and ISO 7918-3, oo INTERNATIONAL STANOARD ©1SO 1S 10846-3:1998(E) RN Mechanical vibration — Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts — Part 3: Industrial machines with nominal power above 15 kW and nominal speeds between 120 r/min and 15 000 r/min when measured in situ 1 Scope ‘The vibration criteria provided in this part of ISO 10816 apply to machine sets with, for instance, steam turbine of clectrical drives, having a power above 15 KW and operating speeds between 120 rimin and 18 000 min, ‘The machine sels covered by this part of ISO 10816 include: = steam turbine with power up to 50 MW; — steam turbine sets with power greater than 50 MW and speeds below 1 00 r/min or above 3600 rimin (not included in ISO 1086-2); — rotary compressors; — industrial gas turbines with power upto 3 ME — pumps of centitugal, mixed flow or axial low type: = generators, except when used in hydraule power generating and pumping plants; = siectical motes of any type: — bowers oF fans NOTE. However! shouldbe noted thatthe vibration criteria presented in bis part of 1SO 10816 are genera ony appiable {Dana wit poworraunge stoner than SOD KW or hor fane wha reasonably righ swucurerame which are ot fexbly Ssppore. Ae be wnon cicometances permit recormendons for ater types of fans, incluing those which are exp “cppored or wit ightwoight choo metal construction, wl be prepared. Until sich time lassie may be aeed between tha mancfoctret ane customer, sing esos of previous operational experience; see aio ISO 14834, ‘The following are excluded from this part of SO 10816: — land-based steam turbine generator sots with power greater than SOMW and speeds of 1 S00 min, 1 800 rimin, 3.000 rimin, or 3 600 cimin (soe ISO 10816-2) — gas turbine machines with power greater than 3 MW (see ISO 108164); — machine sets in hydraulic power generaling and pumping plants (see ISO 10816-5): ISO 10816-3:1998(E) e180 machines coupled to reciprocating machines (see ISO 10816-6), — rotary positive displacement compressors (2.9. serew compressors); — reciprocating compressors; — reciprocating pumps: submerged moto-pumps: — wind turbines. “The criteria ofthis pert of ISO 10816 apply to in sity broad-band vibration measurements taken on the bearings, bearing podestals, or housing of machines under steady-state operating conditions within the naminat operating ‘speed range. They relate to both acceptance testing and operational monitering. The evaluation erteria of this part {@f ISO 10816 are intended to apply to both continuous and non-continuous monitoring situations. This part of {SO 10816 encompasses machines which may have gears or roling element bearings, but does not ‘address the diagnostic evaluation of the condition of those gears or bearings, “The criteria are applicable only for the vibration produced by the machine set itself and not for vibration which is Lvansmitted to the machine set from external sources. 2 Normative references “The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions ofthis part of 1S0 1086. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this part of ISO 10816 are encouraged to investigate the possibilty of applying the frost recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently Valid {International Standards. 10 496:1973, Driving and driven machines — Shaft heights ISO 2954:1975, Mechanical vibration of rotating and reciprocating machinery — Requirements for instruments for ‘measuring vitration severity 180 7919-3:1996, Mechanical vibration of non-reciprocating machines — Measurements on rotating shatts and ‘evaluation cnterla — Part 3: Coupled industrial machines 180 10816-1:1995, Mechanical vibration — Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts — Part 1: General guidelines 3 Measurement procedures and operational conditions ‘The goneral procedures described in ISO 10816-1 shall be used, subject to the recommendations set out below. 3.4 Measurement equipment ‘The measurement equipment shell be capable of measuring broad-band r.m.s. vibration with fla response over @ frequency range of at least 10 Hz to t 000 Hz, in accordance with the requirements of ISO 2954. Depending on the vibration criteria, this may require measurements of displacoment or velocity or combinations of these (see ISO 10816-1). However, for machines with speeds approaching or below 600 /min, the lower limit of the fat response frequency range shall not be greater than 2 Hz. NOTE 1 the measurement equipment Is also to be usod for diagnostic purposes, an upper frequency limit higher than 1000 He may be necessary. e180 ISO 10816-3:1998(E) care should be taken to ensure thatthe measuring systom is not influenced by environmental factors such as — temperature variations; — magnetic folds; = sound felds: = powor source variations: — transducer cable length: — transducer orientation particular attenson should be given to onsure thatthe vibration transducers are cowectly mounted and that such ‘mountings do not degrade the accuracy of the measurements. 3.2 Measurement locations Measurements wil usually be taken on exposed parts of the machine that are normally accessible. Care snot be Measuromenls hat meacuremonts reasonably represent the vibration of the bearing housing and do not inckide ae ual resonances oF amplification. The locations and directions of virion moasuromonts shat ve Such at Fr ea adequate sanctity 10 the machine dynamic forces. Typical. bis wil requ two oregon 1) they provide Ppentions on each bearing cap of pedestal, as shown in figures 1 and 2. The transducers may be cease stny angular positon on the bearing housings oF pedestals. Vertical and horizontal directions are Sstely Placed 3 or honsonaly mounted machines. For vercal or incined machines, the focain that gives the mania) aren roading, usually inthe direction of the elastic axis, shall be one of those used. in some cases tay De Hee eet gs measure also in the axial direction (see 5.1.3). The specific locations and directions shall be recorded with the measurement. 1 single wanscucer may be used on a bearing cap oF pedestal in place of the mare typical pair of othogonsl Seaeaitere i itis known to provide adequate information on the magnitude of the machine vioration, However lransducers iid'be coserved when evalueling vibration from 2 single transducer at a measurement plane since it asp notbe onented to provide a reasonable approximation tothe maximum valve at that plane. 3.3. Continuous and non-continuous monitoring tc is common practice on large or entical machinery to have installed instrumentation for continuous online 1 scan of vibraion values at key measurement points. For many machines, mainly thase of smal size or power. rer erne nantorng af the vibration parameters isnot necessariy carried out. Changes in unbalance, beasig ean eaigrmen, et. can be detected wilh suicint reliabity trom perodie measurements wit permanon'y Peeered or hang neld instruments. The use of computers for trend analysis and warning against malfunctions 1s also becoming more common, Measurements shall be carried out when the rotor and the main bearings have reached thelr normal sleady-slaie seectine temperatures and wih the machune running under specifed canditons; for example at rales Speed, voltage, flow, pressure anc load. ‘Oommachines wih varying speeds or loads, measurements shail be made under all conditions at which the machine eee aesacted to operate for prolonged periods. The maximum measured value undor these concitons shal be ‘considered representative of vibration severity. if tw measured vibration is greater than the acceptance arteia alowed and excessive background vibration is ere eccurements should be made wih the machine shut down fo determine the degreo of externa} Fee 200 Ties sioeaton with the machine stationary exceeds 25 % of the value measured when the machine is Tunning, corective action may be necessary to reduce the effect of background vibration. NOTE some ese te oct of ackround witon may be nied by spectan analysis or by lining te tng ; hal sac ome e180 ISO 10816-3:1998(E) Figure 1 — Measuring points 6180 ISO 10816-3:1998(E) ra Figure 2—Measuring points for vertical machine sets 4 Machine classification tn this part of 80 10816, to vibration severity wil be classified according othe folowing parameters = machine type: = rated power or shaft height; = support system flexibility. ISO 10816-3:1998(E) e1so, 44. Classification according to machine type, rated power or shaft height ‘Signfcantdferences in design. type or bearings and support structures require a separation ole Stele machine SiStpe (for shat height H, see ISO 496). Machines of these four groups may have horzontel. vet -a or inclined Shatte and can be mounted on rigid or flexible supports. Group 1: Large machines with rated power above 300 KW; electrical marhins wit shat height H = 315mm, -Tnese machines normaly hove sloove bearings. The range of operating or nominal speeds is relatively broad and ranges from 120 #/min to 15 000 rfrin. Group 2: Medium-size machines wih 8 rated power above 15 KW up to and including 200 KW; electiel machines with shaft height 160 mm < H-< 315 mm. ‘These machines normally have rolling element bearings and operating speeds above 600 rimin Group 3: Pumps with multvane impeller and with separate ériver(cenirfugal, mixed flow or axial Sow) with rated power above 15 KW. Machines of this group may have sleeve or roling element bearings. Group 4: Pumps wth mutivane impoier and wit integrated driver (centitugal, mixed flow and axial ow) with rated power above 15 kW. Machines of this group mostly may have sleeve or roling element bearings. ores 4 The shaft height H of a machine is defined in 1S0 496 as the distance, measured on the machine ready for severy letwean the sontetine of the shaft and the base plane ofthe machine self (308 gure *) 2. The shat height of 2 machine without fest, of 2 machine with raised feet, Or any vertical machine, iso be laken as the Sat Freeh sSen te came base tame, butane hozontal sat fot mouting type Wren the fame i unknown, halo the machine diameter should be used 42. Classification according to support flexibility ‘Two conditions are used to classify the support assembly flexibility n specified directions: = gid supports; = flexible supports. “Those cupport conditions are determined by the relationship between the machine and foundation fexibites, f he Tees Sette equency of the combined machine and support system in the direction of measurement is Fighot thaw its main excitation Frequency (his is in most cases the rotational frequency) by at least 25 %, then the support {ystem may be considered rigid in tha direction. Al ther support systems may be considered Rexble. ‘As typical examples, large- and medium-sized electic motors, mainly with low speeds, would normally have Fd cipports, whereas turbo-generaiors or compressors with power greater than 10 MW’ and vertical machine sets ‘would usually have flexible suppors. ‘2 support assembly may be rigid in one measuring direction and flexible in the other. For exareie, fe loneat natural frequency in the vertical direction may be well above the main excitation frequency. while fhe Cats atural frequency may be considerably less. Such a system would be stiff in the vertical plane but flexible Pere taheental In such eases, the vibration should be evaluated in accordance with the support classification ‘which corresponds lo the measurement direction. the class of a machine-support system cannot be readily determined from drawings and caleviation, it may be

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