A

Short-focal-length (wide angle) lens will exaggerate the depth or can make the
foreground trees and buildings seem to bulge
Because distance between foreground and background seem greater, the wide-angle
lens also makes figures moving to or from the camera seem to cover ground more
rapidly

The long-focal length can drastically reduce the depth. Longer lenses flatten the space
along the camera axis.

racking focus (or pulling focus)

The zoom lens is optically designed to permit the continuous varying of focal length
Zoom shot magnifies or demagnifies the objects filmed, excluding or including
surrounding space

During a zoom, the camera remains stationary, and the lens simply increases or
decreases the focal length

Types of mobile framing/camera movements
The pan (short for panorama) movement rotates the camera on a vertical axis.
The tilt movement rotates the camera on a horizontal axis

It is as if the cameras head was swiveling up or down

tracking shot
The camera as a whole does change position, travelling in any direction along the
ground forward, backward, circularly, diagonally, or from side to side.