Bo co thc tp k thut

A. LI NI U

1. Ni dung, ngha ca t thc tp

Thc tp k thut ngnh in t - vin thng l hc phn thuc nm th 3 theo
chng trnh chun ca sinh vin ngnh in t - vin thng, sau khi hc xong
cc hc phn c s ct li ca ngnh. Vi mc tiu gip sinh vin c kin thc thc
t lm vic ti cc cng ty ngnh in t - vin thng. l qu trnh sinh vin t
tm kim cc cng ty, cc vin nghin cu, trung tm nghin cu tin hnh thc
tp thc t trong khong thi gian mt thng nhm nh gi kh nng, kin thc ca
sinh vin vi cng vic v quan trng hn c l gip sinh vin chuyn ngnh in
t- vin thng thch ng vi cng vic ca sau khi ra trng khng nhng trong lnh
vc in t - vin thng m cn trong nhiu lnh vc khc. Thc tp k thut ng
vai tr quan trng trong qu trnh hc tp ca sinh vin. Khi hc trn lp, sinh vin
mi ch bit l thuyt, cha c p dng thc t nhiu. Cc k nng giao tip, lm
vic nhm, thuyt trnh ca sinh vin cha c tt. Trong qu trnh thc t, sinh
vin s bit mt cch chnh xc cng vic mnh c th lm sau ny, rn luyn k
nng lm vic, k lut cng vic. ng thi sinh vin cng c iu kin p dng
kin thc c hc trong trng hc vo thc t, xc nh kin thc trng tm v
b sung thm kin thc cn thit cho cng vic. T , sinh vin cng ham thch
hc tp, nghin cu chuyn ngnh.
K thc tp k thut gip sinh vin nm r hn yu cu ca nh tuyn dng
t sinh vin t trang b thm kin thc cho mnh ph hp vi cng vic. Vic
sinh vin t xin thc tp cc cng ty, cc vin, trung tm nghin cu cng l mt
bi kim tra thc t nh sinh vin c dp xem xt mt cch chnh xc nht kh
nng, nng lc v kin thc ca mi sinh vin.

2. Nhng kh khn v thun li trong qu trnh thc tp

2.1. Kh khn
y l ln u tin em i thc tp ti mt cng ty lin quan n lnh vc CNTT,
mc d l sinh vin chuyn ngnh in t - vin thng nhng chng em cng c
trang b nhng kin thc c bn v lp trnh hng i tng, gii thut, quy trnh
1

Bo co thc tp k thut
thit k phn mm. Nhng tng y cha em c th ho nhp vo cng vic
mt cch nhanh nht. Bn cnh em cn gp nhng kh khn v ngoi ng, lm
vic nhm, cc quy tc trnh by vn bn
2.2. Thun li
- c s hng dn ca cc anh, ch trong cng ty gip em thch ng c
vi cng vic nhanh hn. Bn cnh cc anh, ch trong cng ty cn o to em v
k nng thuyt trnh, lm vic nhm, trnh by vn bn
- c tham gia cc bui hp, cc d n ca cng ty qua gip em ho nhp
nhanh hn.
- Ni dung cng vic c giao ph hp vi trnh hiu bit ca bn thn.

3. Li cm n
hon thnh tt k thc tp k thut, em nhn c s hung dn, gip
ch dy ca cc anh ch trong cng ty c phn pht trin phn mm Nam . Em xin
gi li cm n chn thnh n mi ngi trong cng ty tn tnh ch bo gip
em hon thnh nhim v c giao trong thi gian thc tp ti y. Mc d, thi
gian thc tp ti y ch c 1 thng nhng em hc c rt nhiu iu v k
nng lm vic nhm, k nng giao tip, l nhng th hnh trang khng th thiu
gip em t tin trn con ng s nghip sau ny.

Bo co thc tp k thut
B. NI DUNG
CHNG 1: GII THIU CHC NNG, NHIM V, C CU T CHC
CA CNG TY C PHN PHT TRIN PHN MM NAM
1.1. Chc nng, nhim v ca cng ty c phn pht trin phn mm Nam
Cng ty C phn Pht trin Phn mm Nam l mt doanh nghip chuyn cung
cp cc gii php phn mm, thit k website, thit k gii php cng thng tin
thng mi in t, cng thng tin chnh ph in t, xy dng phn mm doanh
nghip v cc sn phm, dch v cng ngh thng tin.
c thnh lp vo thng 8/2010, Cng ty C phn Pht trin Phn mm Nam l
mt doanh nghip tr, chuyn nghip, nng ng, sng to v c trnh chuyn
mn cao, lun coi vic chm sc khch hng chu o l mc tiu quan trng nht.
Vi i ng qun l v nhn vin chuyn nghip, c trnh k thut cao, tn tm
trong cng vic. Cng ty C phn Pht trin Phn mm Nam nhanh chng
pht trin v khng ngng khng nh v tr ca mnh l mt trong nhng doanh
nghip tin phong trong lnh vc cng ngh thng tin ti Vit Nam.
Cng ty hot ng ch yu trn th trng Vit Nam v hp tc vi mt s khch
hng ti th trng Nht Bn.
1.2.

C cu, t chc ca cng ty c phn pht trin phn mm Nam

Gim c

Phng k thut

Phng Seo

Phng kinh

Phng d n

doanh

Hnh 1. C cu t chc cng ty c phn mm pht trin Nam

Phng k ton

Bo co thc tp k thut
CHNG 2: NI DUNG THC TP
2.1. Cc v tr cng vic trong cng ty c phn pht trin phn mm Nam ,
yu cu chuyn mn, k nng ca tng v tr

Yu cu chung:
-

S dng ting Anh tt (c hiu).

C kh nng c hiu cc ti liu nghip v, ti liu thit k.

C kh nng nm bt nhanh d n, cc yu cu ca d n.

Nhit tnh, c trch nhim vi cng vic, cn thn, chm ch, ch

ng trong cng vic.

Kh nng lm vic nhm, gii quyt cc vn , trnh by, v t chc

tho lun nhm.

T duy logic tt, nhn thc nhanh, lm vic c sng to, gp cho
sn phm.

Kh nng chu p lc cao.

Yu cu chuyn mn:
- S dng thnh tho: Linq, C#, ASP.NET, MVC3.
- Kinh nghim vi HTML, CSS, Jquery.
Kinh nghim trong pht trin Webservices s dng C#.
- C kinh nghim lm vic vi h qun tr SQL server (2005, 2008)
-

Thnh tho cc thut ton v SEO.

Bo co thc tp k thut
2.2. Cc lnh vc hot ng chuyn mn ca cng ty
-

Chuyn cung cp cc gii php phn mm, thit k website.

Thit k gii php cng thng tin thng mi in t, cng thng tin chnh ph

in t.
-

Xy dng phn mm doanh nghip v cc sn phm, dch v cng ngh thng

tin.
- SEO, Maketing Online.

2.3 Cng vic c giao trong t thc tp

2.3.1. Gii thiu cng vic c giao
Trong thi gian thc tp ti cng ty c phn pht trin phn mm Nam , em c
giao nhim v tm hiu v SEO(Search Engine Optimization), cc phng php ti
yu ho cng c tm kim hin nay.
2.3.2. Gii thiu v SEO
2.3.2.1. Tng quan
Theo mt s thng k th c n hn 80% s ngi dng Internet s dng cc
cng c tm kim nh Google , Yahoo, LiveSearch. Mi ngy c hng triu ngi
dng web s dng cc cng c tm kim (Search engines) tm nhng sn phm,
dch v v thng tin h ang cn. Nhng liu vi hng t website hin ang tn ti,
lm sao khch hng c th tm thy website ca bn trc m khng phi ca cc
i th cnh tranh ? Chnh v a phn khch hng n mt website u thng qua
cc cng c tm kim, nn nu nh trang web ca bn c th hng thp th ng
ngha vi vic bn nh mt mt lng ln khch hng tim nng vo tay i th
cnh tranh. Khng ngi dng no kin nhn xem qu 3 trang kt qu (mi trang
hin th 10 kt qu) sau khi thc hin tm kim. Nu website doanh nghip ca bn
khng nm trong top 30, khch hng s khng h bit website ca bn tn ti. Thc
t c ti 70% ngi dng website ch xem trang th nht ca kt qu tm kim. V
5

Bo co thc tp k thut
th, nu trang web ca bn lt vo trong top10 ca kt qu tm kim th c hi c
khch hng ving thm l rt ln. Ti u ha my tm kim (Search engine
optimization = SEO) chnh l gii php cho vn trn
2.3.2.2. nh ngha SEO

SEO l vit tt ca t Search Engine Optimization. Ti u ha cng c tm

kim SEO l mt t hp cc phng php nhm nng cao th hng ca mt
website hay trang web c th trong cc trang kt qu ca cc cng c tm kim (ph
bin nht l Google). Cc phng php bao gm vic ti u ha website ( tc
ng m ngun HTML, cu trc, layout v ni dung website bao gm text, nh,
video hay a phng tin khc trn website m ngi dng nhn thy hay tng tc
c) v xy dng cc lin kt hu ch bn trong website v t cc trang uy tn bn
ngoi n trang cc cng c tm kim chn la trang website ph hp nht phc
v ngi tm kim trn Internet ng vi mt t kha c th c ngi dng truy
vn v t c yu cu cn tm ca h.

2.3.2.3.

Quy trnh lm SEO

Chng ta c th chia quy trnh lm SEO thnh 4 bc chnh:

-

Ti u h thng website (Onpage seo ton h thng website).

Xy dng t kho tm kim.
Ti u ni dung website.
Xy dng lin kt (Backlink cho website).

. Sau y em s trnh by chi tit quy trnh thc hin tng bc:
Bc 1: Ti u h thng website (Onpage seo ton h thng)
Ti u onpage l vic m bo ni dung website lin quan n t hoc
cng t kho m bn ang nhm ti. y l phn rt quan trong trong hu
ht cc d n SEO.
C th, ti u Onpage bao gm nhng cng vic chnh sau y:
6

Bo co thc tp k thut
Xc nh chnh xc nhng t v cm t s nhm ti.
Chn trang website ti u. Nu cha c phi ln k hoch lp
website mi.
Vit ni dung hng n nhng t v cm t ny.
Ti u tt c cc thnh phn trn trang chng cha nhng t v
cm t ny.
Ti u onpage l cn thit nhng vn cha c mt th hng cao.
u tin phi quan tm n cht lng ni dung. Ni dung phi tht hu
ch lm cho ngi dng cm thy tho mn khi tm n website.

Hnh 2.1 Ti u onpage.

Vit ng dn URL
URL nh a ch ngi nh, a ch ca mt hiu sch m bn mun n.
a ch ngn ngn, d c, d nh s gip bn d dng tm ra a ch v tip
cn cun sch hay ngi nh nhanh hn. Tng t nh vy, URL website ca
7

Bo co thc tp k thut
bn ngn ngn, c cha t kha SEO s gip Google d dng nhn ra v hiu
ni dung nhanh.

Hnh 2.2 Vit ng dn URL

Th Title
Cng ging nh bn c mi trang sch, bn s c tiu trang sch l g,
hay nh phng ban trong cng ty bn s xem tn phng . Th Title chnh l
tiu cho ni dung mt trang (Ni dung 1 URL) website. Th Title chnh l th
quan trng m Google, my tm kim s nhn ra u tin khi qut vo website.
Do , hy m t chnh xc ni dung trang web v duy nht cho mi trang, t t
kha (Keywords) mc tiu v tr u tin ca th Title v khng vt qu 65 k
t.
Cch ti u th Title
-

Ti u t ng th Title:

V d nh: vi bi vit 8 th thut lm SEO cho website. Tiu bi vit

ca l: 8 th thut lm SEO cho website, hy ly t ng tiu trang ni
dung (Page) l tiu bi vit.

Bo co thc tp k thut

Hnh 2.3 T ng ly Title bi bit l Title Page

-

Vit th title trong qun tr web: Khi xy dng website cn cu hnh

modul SEO trong qun tr. Sau , vit li th title trang ni dung bn
mong mun.

Bo co thc tp k thut

Hnh 2.4 Vit th Tiu trong qun tr

-

Vit th Title
M t chnh xc ni dung trang Chn tiu truyn t hiu qu
ch ni dung trang.
To th tiu duy nht cho mi trang Mi trang tt nht nn c
th tiu duy nht.
S dng cc tiu ngn gn, nhng mang tnh m t Tiu c
th va ngn gn v giu thng tin m bo mt t kha thch
hp, t kha ni bt. Trnh hin tng np li t kha qu nhiu
trong title.
di ca th title hin th: google 66 k t

Th Meta Description
Quay tr li vi tiu mt cun sch, tiu ca mt chng sch, bn s
thy c on ni dung m t, tm tt li ni dung ca cun sch hay chng ni
dung trong sch. on m t s tm li nhng chnh, nhng t ng quan
trng, t ng l t kha chnh ca chng bn c th d dng hnh dung ni
dung chng sch l g. Vi Google cng vy, mi trang ni dung, bn cng
cn m t tm tt li ni dung trang v c t kha mc tiu cho SEO trong trang
ni dung . C iu c bit khc so vi sch ca bn, bn ch c m t ti
a 156 k t.
10

Bo co thc tp k thut
Cch ti u Th Meta Description
-

Ti u t ng th Description: on m t l on cha t kha c trong

title website. Do , bn hy yu cu IT, i tc lm web ly t ng tiu
bi vit cng vi on ni dung bi vit u tin c k t t 1-90. Ly t
ng nh vy, bn c th m t ni dung m bo 165 k t v c t
kha mc tiu.

V d nh: Bn c bi vit 8 th thut lm SEO cho website v on ni

dung u tin ca bi vit: 1 Chc chn rng t ca bn l u tin v bt
buc. Nghin cu t kha mc tiu trang web ca bn s dng. Google
adword tool l cng c gip bn lm c iu . Trc khi bt u lm
SEO, bn hy xy dng cho mnh danh sch t kha mc tiu chnh

Vi bi vit ny, bn s yu cu IT ly th Description c ni dung: 8 th

thut lm SEO cho website. 1 Chc chn rng t ca bn l u tin v bt
buc. Nghin cu t kha mc tiu trang web Ly tiu v on ni dung
t 1-90 k t u tin.

Hnh 2.5 Ly t ng Description l tiu bi vit v 90 k t ni dung

u tin

11

Bo co thc tp k thut
Vit li th Description trong qun tr: Ngoi vic ti u t ng, bn c th y
cu hnh phn h tr SEO trong qun tr website. Trong mi bi vit bn c th tm
tt li ni dung vi keywords chnh v ni dung bn mun ngi tm kim c
c. Bn nn s dng vit li trong qun tr, s gip bn c th gi cho khch
hng nhng chnh v s d dng tng click vo kt qu tm kim hn.

Hnh 2.6 Vit th Description trong qun tr

Vit th Description

Tm tt mt cch chnh xc ni dung ca trang Vit m t va cung cp

thng tin va thu ht ngi dng.
S dng cc m t duy nht cho mi trang.
Ch ti mt t kha v t kha ni bt trong cc m t, khng nn
t qu nhiu t kha trong mt m t, nn np li t kha 2 ln trong m t.
di th description hin th: google 160 k t.

Th H1,H2
Tip tc quay tr li vi mt trang sch. Bn cnh tiu chnh quan trng v
phn m t ni dung tm tt. Bn s thng thy cc nh trong mi ni dung,
cc nh gip bn d dng hnh dung ra cc ni dung chnh ca trang sch .
Mt trang web cng i theo hng nh vy, my tm kim s qut cc ni dung
trn trang hiu c ni dung trang web c bao nhiu , bao gm cc ln v
chnh. Th H1, H2, H3H6 ca trang web s gip th hin c cc ni dung

12

Bo co thc tp k thut
nh vy. Bn vit ni dung th H1, H2 trong mi trang v c t kha mc tiu
SEO gip my tm kim hiu c v qut ra ni dung lin quan web ca bn
nhanh hn.

Hnh 2.7 Ly t ng th H1, H2

Cch ti u H1, H2 n H6
-

Ti u t ng: Cung tng t nh th Title, bn ly t ng th H1, H2 l

tiu ni dung bi vit trn website.

Vit th H1, H2 khi son tho ni dung: Khi son tho ni dung v a ln
website. Bn c th d dng thm th H1, H2 trong cc phn ni dung bi
vit. Khi son tho ni dung bi vit c th c cc nh, bn dng th h3, h4
hoc h5 nh dng cho cc nh l bn c thm cc th nh dng v
to thm ch vi my tm kim.

Ci t site map
Sitemaps website ging nh ton b mc lc ni dung cun sch ca bn,
mi phn ni dung c nh du trong mc no, trang sch bao nhiu. Khi
SEO cho website, bn s cn to sitemaps website ni vi Google v my tm
kim rng: Web ca ti c sitemaps v c cc phn ni dung v a ch (url) ni
13

Bo co thc tp k thut
dung). Sitemaps s rt quan trng Google hiu c ni dung ca bn nhanh
hn v lp ch mc nhanh hn. V vy, bn ng b qua ci t sitemaps khi
SEO.
Cch to Sitemaps website:
Bc 1: Vo a ch website l: http://www.xml-sitemaps.com
-

in domain website ca bn vo: Starting URL (ch ng link dn ti

website cn to).

Chn thng s l daily, weekly Change frequency.

Ti Priority: bn c 2 la chn l t ng thit lp hoc thit lp bng tay.

Bm vo: Start.

Ch cho n chy xong, rt nhanh nu website bn n gin v t trang v

ngc li.

Khi chy xong bn s nhn c 1 list cc file sitemap, nhng bn ch cn

ch n 4 file sau: sitemap.xml, ror.xml, sitemap.html v urllist.txt

Bc 2: Down 4 file trn v my.

-

S dng Notepad ++ m file sitemap.xml set thng s Priority cho cc

url theo bn.
Lu phn ny: thng s Priority quy nh s quan trong ca cc url i vi
website ca bn, nu Url no quan trng nn cho n cao im hn, cao nht
l 1.0 v thp nht 0.10

Bc 3: Upload ln root (ngang vi index.php , index.asp, index.html) v

verify sitemap

14

Bo co thc tp k thut

Hnh 2.8 Kim tra website c Sitemaps cha

kim tra sitemap ca trang hocinternetmarketing.vn.
G: http://hocinternetmarketing.vn/sitemap.xml. kt qu s tr v tt c cc link
trn web ca bn. Nh vy, bn ci t sitemaps thnh cng.

Tp tin Robots.txt
-

Ging nh trong ca hng thi trang, bn by mt s sn phm vy n ra k

trng by v c nhm sn phm vy n trong kho. Khch hng vo ca hng
ca bn s nhn thy cc sn phm trng by, cc sn phm trong kho c
ngn bi ca kho, hay kha trong t ct sn phm. Bn s khng nhn thy
sn phm trong kho .

Tp tin Robots.txt cng nh vy, File robot.txt cho my tm kim bit

rng, website ny c th index (hin th) ni dung g hoc khng index ni
dung g (ty theo lnh c vit trong file robots.txt). Nhng ni dung trong
qun tr web (Nh kho lu tr sn phm), nhng ni dung trng lp bn c
th chn hin th vi my tm kim. Nhng ni dung cn hin th vi my
tm kim. File Robots.txt s gip bn lm iu .

Thng thng, cc website s hin th tt c cc ni dung trn web v chn

phn qun tr Google khng nhn ra web. Phn qun tr l phn bn ng
15

Bo co thc tp k thut
nhp vo web v thc hin thao tc post bi ln website. Do vy, n gin
bn hy lm nh vy
-

Bn to tin trn Notpad c ni dung v lu dng file txt

User-agent: *

Disallow: /admin/

Trong User-agent: l i din ca mt my tm kim, * c ngha l

index vi tt c my tm kim. Disallow: l khng cho php index ni dung
trong phn /admin/ trong website.

Ci t d liu cu trc(Rich snippet, Data Highlighter)

Rich snippet l d liu, ni dung website c gi trong cc kt qu tm kim
ca bn. Khi ngi dng tm kim, nu website c ci t Rich snippet s hin ra
nh logo website ca bn, link bi vit, hay s kin, chng trnh khuyn mi trong
kt qu tm kim. Qu tng t l click vo website.
D liu Rich snippet c chia ra nhiu dng: a s kin xut hin trong kt qu
tm. Tuy nhin, n gin v d dng, bn c th ci t Rich snippet xc minh
quyn tc gi vi Google, mt cch n gin v d dng.
Rich Snippet chnh l vic bn i xc minh vi Google v quyn tc website. Ging
nh cun sch bn mua, bn s bit sch ca tc gi no v c xc minh bi
nh xut bn. Tc gi c uy tn, c ting ni, cun sch s cng c c nhiu s
quan tm ca ngi c. Website cng vy, bn ci t Rich Snippet v xc minh
quyn tc gi vi Google, Google bit c rng, web site c s hu bi ai, v
nh danh cc bi vit bi tc gi .

16

Bo co thc tp k thut

Hnh 2.9 Rich Snippet c link gi trong kt qu tm kim

Cng tht n gin bn to Rich snippet xc minh quyn tc gi vi Google

Bc u tin: To rich snippet v chng minh vi Google qua ti khon Google+
Bc tip theo: Chn on sau vo website ca mnh (trong tp tin header.php)
<ahref=[profile_url]?rel=author>Google</a>
Thay th on [profule_url] bng a ch profile Google Plus ca bn.
VD:<arel=AUTHORhref=https://plus.google.com/u/0/114102418242531927754
/posts rel=author>Hc Internet Marketing</a>
Cng vic ti u Onpage ca bn tht n gin v d dng, bn khng cn bit qu
nhiu v code, v lp trnh website. Bn ch cn hiu v bit cch kim tra. Cng
vic tip theo by gi l nghin cu t kha, vit ni dung bi vit tht hay v xy
dng lin kt cho website.

17

Bo co thc tp k thut

Hnh 2.10 Rich Snippet xc minh tc gi vi Google

Bc 2: Xy dng t kho tm kim
-

Cng c phn tch t kho

Phn ln cc SEOer lun tin rng thnh cng ca qung co nm trong vic lm
cho mt website s hu pagerank cao vi mt hay hai t kha ch cht, v v th
cc marketer lun dc sc t c mc tiu trn. Tt nhin l n hiu qu tht
y, nhng khng phi lc no cng vy.Nu nh phn khc th trng ca bn
qu ph bin trn Internet v c qu nhiu cc i th ng hnh cnh bn, th s rt
kh khn em n rank cao cho website ca bn vi nhng t kha tt nht gm
1 hay 2 t. V thm ch nu bn lm c iu ny, th thnh cng cng rt kh c
th tn ti lu di. Ph tn th nhiu m kt qu th chng bao nhiu. V th, tht n
gin bn thy rng n chng ng vi cng sc v thi gian m bn b ra.

18

Bo co thc tp k thut

Hnh 2.11 Xy dng tm kim t kho

Do vy, thay v phi tp trung vo 1, 2 t kha, hy m rng tht nhiu t kha, vi
mi t kha l bi vit cho mt sn phm, mt nhnh khch hng nh trong tng th
tp khch hng mc tiu v tim nng ca bn.
Cng vic u tin, bn cn s dng cng c tm kim t kha v xc nh t kha
SEO website. Google gip bn chn la t kha d dng qua Google keywords
Planner.
-

Chn t kho seo ph hp vi sn phm kinh, ngnh kinh doanh.

T kha tm kim m bo
m bo cc thut ng t kho / cm t c khi lng tm kim. Cng ging
nh vic bn hng, s cn chn sn phm c nhiu ngi quan tm, nhiu ngi yu
thch s bn c nhiu hng hn. La chn t kha lm SEO cng nh vy, cn
la chn t kha c nhiu ngi tm kim, nhiu ngi quan tm c th d dng
gii thiu sn phm, tng lng visit cho website qua t kha .
m bo cc t kha c la chn c lin quan ( i tng khch hng, sn phm
lin quan ). Bn bn hng, cung cp dch v t vn v sc khe, bn s khng
19

Bo co thc tp k thut
th la chn t kha SEO cho my tnh bng c lng tm kim trn 200
nghn/thng, t kha s khng lin quan v khi bn lm SEO chc chn s khng
ph hp vi khch hng ca bn. Do , cng ging vic la chn sn phm bn
hng, hy chn t kha tm kim ng vi sn phm bn bn v ng vi i tng
khch hng mc tiu.
nh gi mc cnh tranh t kha SEO. Cnh tranh lun l yu t khng th
thiu vi bt k ngnh kinh doanh no. Bn hot ng trong ngnh bn l, bn c
nhiu nhm sn phm khc nhau, mi sn phm s c mc cnh tranh khc
nhau. Sn phm cnh tranh ln, bn s tn nhiu chi hn cho vic bn sn phm,
sn phm cnh tranh thp s d dng hn a n vi ngi tiu dng. Cnh tranh
t kha SEO cng khng ngoi l, bn cnh la chn t kha c tm kim ln,
ph hp vi sn phm, khch hng, vic la chn t kha cnh tranh thp s gip
bn lm SEO d dng v nhanh tip cn vi khch hng mc tiu hn. Hy la chn
t kha SEO mc tiu c cnh tranh v ph hp vi ngun lc ca bn.
Mc u tin ca t kha
Cn xem xt:
Li nhun ca cc sn phm / dch v c lin quan vi cc t kha, cng nh lng
truy cp m bo. Chn t kha SEO cho sn phm, dch v c nhiu li th cnh
tranh s l iu bn nn lm u tin, thay v chn t kha bn khng c nhiu li
th v SEO t kha ln top u trong kt qu tm kim. V d nh, bn kinh
doanh trong v bn sn phm my tnh laptop, my tnh bng, ph kin my tnh.
Sn phm mnh ca bn l dng my laptop Dell, chut Dell. Bn hy tp trung cc
t kha tm kim lin quan ti laptop Dell, chut Dell thay v lm t kha v my
tnh bng cnh tranh ln, khng phi th mnh. Trn c s bn ti u Onpage SEO
tng th, khi bn SEO t kha tm kim theo li th, c lng tm kim m bo s
gp phn no ti u v tng th hng cho cc nhm t kha khc.

20

Bo co thc tp k thut

Hnh 2.12 Tm kim t kho m bo

nh gi mc cnh tranh ca t kha: nh gi cnh tranh mi t kha l

rt quan trng trong qu trnh lm SEO. Ngun lc ca bn khng ln, khng th
y mt t kha cnh tranh cao trong mt thi gian ngn. Bn cng khng cn qu
lo ngi, bn hy la chn t kha cnh tranh thp hn, ph hp vi sn phm trng
tm ca bn v lm SEO cho t kha . Nhng t kha di s l nhng t kha
ng nhu cu vi khch hng nht v cng l nhng t d lm SEO hn. Theo mt
nghin cu ca Moz.com (Trang cung cp nn tng SEO hng u th gii) thng
k rng, 80% ngi dng tm kim t kha di s i n hnh ng chuyn i mua
hng nhanh hn. V d nh, website ca bn bn v my tnh Dell. SEO t kha
laptop dell c lng tm kim hng thng 33.100 lt, cnh tranh 0.5. Nu lm
SEO cho t kha ny bn s dn nhiu ngun lc v trong thi gian ngn s kh c
th c c v tr SEO tt. Thay v , bn hy lm SEO di hn hn, t kha
laptop dell s l t kha chin lc bn cnh t kha di lin quan. Chn t kha
di: laptop dell inspiron, mua laptop dell o h ni, bn chn 5 10 t kha lin
quan nh vy, ng vi nhu cu khch tm kim cnh tranh thp, tng s lt tm
kim t kha p ng lng truy cp v iu quan trng, bn SEO nhng t
kha s d hn rt nhiu, khi t kha di c c v tr tt s h tr cho t kha
chnh laptop dell c c kt qu tt trong di hn.

21

Bo co thc tp k thut
Bc 3: Ti u ho ni dung website
-

K hoch ni dung website

Quay tr li vi cun sch bn thch c, c nhiu ln bn khng chn v gii

thiu cun sch ti nhiu bn b. V chc chn mt iu rng, linh hn to ln s
thch th bn gii thiu cun sch chnh l ni dung ca cun sch, ni dung hay
v cun ht s gip bn nh tht lu v kh qun.
c cun sch nh vy, tc gi s cn c k hoch vit, bin tp ni dung. Mt k
hoch chi tit theo tng chng, tng danh mc, thi gian ny chun b ni dung g,
thng sau cn c ni dung g, tt c u c mt dn ni dung v cc bi vit nh
trong tng mc lm nn thnh cng cho cun sch.
Website ca bn cng vy, bn c cc danh mc nh cc chng trong cun sch,
mi danh mc bn c cc nhm bi vit nh cc tiu mc trong sch. V nhim v
ca bn l nn k hoch ni dung cp nht theo tng danh mc trn web, mi danh
mc s l nhm bi vit v ch v c cp nht lin tc theo thi gian. Mt k
hoch ni dung chi tit theo danh mc, theo thi gian, phn cng con ngi, b
phn ph trch s rt cn thit v l ngun ni dung phong ph h tr cho vic lm
SEO m khng bao gi thiu v cn kit.
-

Sng to ni dung cho SEO

Ni dung website s l v cng quan trng trong k hoch SEO v tng hiu qu
lm SEO cho bn. C rt nhiu SEOer cho rng, hng ngy u n a ni dung
ln website, Spin (trn ni dung) cc ni dung sn c l website s c ni dung mi
v t kha s ln. Cch ngh khng hn sai, nhng nu bn ng vai tr l mt
khch hng, bn s thch nhng ni dung khng, nu ng trn kha cnh
Marketing, khi bn lm ni dung vi mc ch SEO, ngi c s thch khng,
v bn s thu c g.

Ni dung cht lng l cn thit xy dng lin kt t nhin. Bi v, yu

t quan trng nht trong vic xy dng lin kt l to ra nhng gi tr kt
ni, ngi dung vo website v li lu hn trn website.

22

Bo co thc tp k thut

Hnh 2.13 Sng to ni dung cho seo

Di y l mt s cch tp ni dung mi v ly tng cho bn vit ni dung cho
website

Lun tm kim ni dung tt

B sung ni dung tt mang li nhng lin kt mi ti website ca bn

a lin kt vo tt c cc ni dung bn c
Trong qu trnh xy dng ni dung, bn c th a lin kt website ca bn trong
cc ni nh dng docx, PDF, PPT s lm ngun b sung thm lng visit cho
website ca bn khi bn gi ti liu ti ngi dng.

Xut bn cc bi vit, bi PR, bi tin tc trn cc website lin quan

23

Bo co thc tp k thut
Hnh thnh cc c ch hp tc v xut bn ni dung v bi vit lin quan ca bn
trn cc website thuc ngnh, lnh vc, hip hi, cc trang tin tc c cng ni dung
vi t kha mc tiu ca bn

Cung cp ni dung cho cc knh a phng tin quc gia.

Ty chnh cc tin tc cho cc phng tin truyn thng theo khu vc.

Nh cc blogger, cc chuyn gia bnh lun v cc bi vit ca bn.

Thc hin cc cuc phng vn vi cc chuyn gia trong ngnh lnh vc.

Xem xt cc trang web v ti nguyn khc.

Sn xut cc video marketing.

Xut bn b su tp hnh nh v video.

Thu thp ni dung.

Chn ngun ni dung t blog, mng x hi, thu thp v bin tp li ni dung
Tin hnh cc cuc kho st th trng.

To cc dng bng cu hi thu thp v kho st c km theo lin kt n website

ca bn.
Khi ng cc cuc thi, qu tng hp dn trn website.

a ra cc hng dn, ti liu t vn v a n vo file PDF c km theo

ni dung lin kt.
Su tp v a ra cc Case Study.

Ti u ni dung cho seo

Sau khi bn c ni dung SEO, cng vic ti u ca bn tr nn tht n gin v d

dng. Trn c s, mt h thng SEO tng th c ti u t ng v ty bin trong
qun tr, khi bn cp nht ni dung l trang ni dung ca bn c ti u. Cng
vic ca bn by gi l kim tra li cc t kha trong tiu c cha, bn c cn
vit li th Title, Description trong qun tr khng, hay bn s nh c ch ly title,
Description bn ti u, kim tra thm H1, H2, cc nh bi vit, bi m cc t kha
chnh, vit tiu nh trong ni dung. Cng vic ti u ni dung theo tht d dng
phi khng?
24

Bo co thc tp k thut
Bc 4: Xy dng lin kt (backlink cho website)
-

Chin lc xy dng lin kt (backlink cho website)

bt u, trc tin bn cn kim tra li ton b h thng lin kt ca bn, bn c

th s dng mt s cng c: Majestic SEOs, Google Analytics, Google
Webmaster, bit c mnh ang u, v ang c nhng li th g.
Xy dng chin lc lin kt (chin lc link buiding) cng cn bm st vi k
hoch marketing v k hoch kinh doanh, a ra chin lc link ph hp vi i
tng mc tiu.

Hnh 2.14 Xy dng chin lc lin kt

-

Bit v website ca cng ty, thc trng hin ti v qu kh

Nhng g thnh cng v tht bi, iu g v khng lm c. Cc
chng trnh marketing online, s kin online trn website

Phi hp vi cc bn lin quan

Cn s phi hp bn trong v bn ngoi xy dng chin lc link

-

Chn v s dng t kha mc tiu

La chn nhng t kha mc, cc nh thi gian a ln v tr mc tiu. Trong

qu trnh la chn, cn ch ti nhng t kha di a ra chin lc hp l cho
t kha chnh.
25

Bo co thc tp k thut
-

Nhm cc nhm t kha mc tiu theo tng ch , menu, theo nhm

ni dung website

Tp trung li cc nhm t kha mc tiu chnh theo mt ch v v tr xut

hin lin kt khi t kha c ngi dng tm kim

S dng cc t kha mc tiu trong lin kt vn bn (anchor text)

S dng cc dng anchor text trong cc lin kt vn bn, cn ch ti s lng

anchor text trong mt ni dung khng c t qu nhiu lin kt cho 1 t kha,
nhiu lin kt trong 1 ni dung. Bn nn t 1- 3 lin kt khc nhau cho 1 bi vit,
trn mi lin kt ti a l 2 anchor text theo t kha
-

S dng kt hp xy dng lin kt vi pht trin thng hiu cng ty

Mt s ch khi xy dng backlink

Thuc tnh ca lin kt: Link dng dofollow v nofollow. u tin

t lin kt trn website dng dofollow
Link theo domain ( edu, gov, org, vn, com, net): Lin kt trn
website edu, gov, org c nh gi cao hn
Link trn website c Page Rank cao (Page Rank c im t 0-10)
Link theo a ch IP (theo a ch IP khc nhau s c nh gi cao
hn)
Link t nhin v link dng anchor text
Lin kt t nhng website c cng ni dung, ni dung tng ng
Trnh: Link t nhng trang c ni dung xu, ni dung cm. Hn ch
s dng dng popup, Iframe
Xy dng Inter Link (Lin kt trong website)

Internal Link l g
Mt internal link l mt lin kt n mt trang khc trn trang web ca bnLin
kt trong l b phn quan trng trong chin lc SEO, bi v ging nh inbound
Link (lin kt t xy dng) gip xy dng th hng cc trang trong website c
c kt qu tt khi ngi dng tm kim. Internal Link cng vy, Internal Link
gip xy dng th hng cc trang trong website, v mt iu tuyt vi, bn c th
kim sot 100% cc internal link trong chin lc xy dng lin kt khi lm SEO.
-

Ti sao Internal Link l quan trng

26

Bo co thc tp k thut
B qua 1 khng gian lin kt bn trong l mt iu rt phung ph. Nu
nh bn ch quan tm ti qu trnh xy dng lin kt bn ngoi, ni m cc
nh lm SEO tp trung xy dng inbound Link v Link t cc website khc,
th bn nn c nhng ch ti nhng lin kt bn trong (Internal Link).
Inbound link l phn quan trng tng hng cho ni dung website t nhng h
thng knh marketing bn ngoi thit lp. Ngc li, Internal Link gip tng
hng cho chnh website v cho php cc cng c tm kim bit v kt cu
bn trong ca website.
Lin kt trong (Internal Link) l nhng lin kt ch cho cng c tm kim
hiu v bit c nhng phn ni dung c quan tm trn site. Lin kt
trong c gi tr ch cho cng c tm kim bit c ni dung quan trng v
n cng c tnh nh 1 lin kt trong tng lin kt bn xy dng

Lin kt ni b (Internal Link) lm tng gi tr link t trn cc trang web

khc v cc cng c tm kim. Khi cc trang web khc lin kt n website
ca bn, bn c h thng lin kt trong tt, lin kt iu hng tt s gp
phn tng gi tr cho cc lin kt t site khc ti website.

a ra cu trc website theo lin kt

To mt danh sch cc trang (danh sch cc link) bao gm cc lin kt
iu hng chnh cn c tr link v nhng lin kt . iu ny s gip
bn hiu cc lin kt bn c trong trang web, v lm th no chng c th
lin kt li vi nhau gia cc trang c v trang mi.
Xc nh cu trc lin kt tr v cc phn lin kt chnh theo danh sch bn
xy dng t cc trang hin ti v trang ni dung mi. a ra cu trc lin kt
trong thng nht: ti trang danh mc s c bao nhiu lin kt tr v trang
ch, bao nhiu lin kt tr v cc trang danh mc, menu cng cp, link tr v
cc danh mc con, menu con y, bn nn phn b t 5 7 lin kt theo
t kha mc tiu v cc trang lin quan.

Xy dng lin kt trong t cc phn ni dung chi tit

Phn ni dung chi tit, bi vit chi tit s l phn b sung thm nhiu lin
kt cho cc trang mc tiu bn mun tr v. Bn cng cn xc nh mt cu
trc lin kt cho 1 bi vit, cng cn xc nh, trong 1 bi vit c bao nhiu
lin kt tr v trang ch, tr v cc phn menu, lin kt v cc bi vit c ni
dung lin quan. Ty tng ni dung bi vit, mt t kha trong bi vit bn
s la chn phn b s lin kt tr v cc trang cho hp l, bn nn dao ng
27

Bo co thc tp k thut
t 3 7 lin kt tr v cc phn trang quan trng cha t kha mc tiu.Hy
suy ngh tt c cc trang trong website u c th c c xp hng cao
trong kt qu tm kim
-

Lin kt ni b s nh no

Anchor text: c cha t kha lin quan v tr v ni dung lin quan

Lin kt n cc trang mnh: Cc trang c lin kt c cha cc t kha
mc tiu lin quan, v lun c lin kt n trang trong cc lin kt ni b.
t ni dung c lin quan xung quanh lin kt: To ra nhng ni dung lin
quan xoay quanh nhng lin kt. My tm kim nhn ra nhng anchor text v
cc ni dung lin quan n anchor text , n s gip ti u v thn thin vi
my tm kim.
-

Xy dng External Link (Lin kt ngoi)

Xy dng lin kt trn website c cng ni dung, link lin kt trn website c ni
dung tng ng
Nhng website c cng ni dung, ni dung tng ng khi t lin kt s c
nh gi cao hn v c gi tr trong qu trnh lm SEO. Cng ging nh cun sch,
bi vit vit hay, nu bn t cun sch trong cc hiu sch, th vin, trong
trng hc th s c nhiu ngi quan tm v c ch hn, qua tng t l
ngi bit n cun sch. Xy dng lin kt website cng ging nh vy, bn t
lin kt trn website c cng ni dung, website c c nhiu truy cp chc chn t
kha ca bn s nhn c nhiu u tin t my tm kim
C nhiu bn ngh rng, t lin kt bn ngoi l vic t link trang ch i tht
nhiu web, web c ni dung l cc t kha SEO s c th hng cao. Nu bn lm
nh vy bn b n tng th hng cho nhiu t kha khc trn website. Trang ch
ca bn cng ch l mt Landing Page v nhim v ca bn l cn xy dng link
cho cc Landing Page cha t kha SEO chnh. Do , bn cn xc nh trang
Landing Page (trang ni dung SEO) v xy dng lin kt cho trang Landing Page c
t kha chnh .

28

Bo co thc tp k thut

Hnh 2.15 Xy dng lin kt ngoi

Backlink c t trn website nh th no?

Xy dng lin kt cc website bn ngoi nh th no, link nn c t u s

c tc dng vi SEO v bn vng. Hin ti, a phn cc bn lm SEO u t lin
kt v website ca mnh chn trang web (footer) hoc ti khu vc qung co lin
kt ca website . Nhng v tr u c ch cho SEO, tuy nhin nu bn t thm
link trong cc bi vit ni dung trn website th iu s cng c tc dng
nhanh hn. Link trong cc bi vit c Google nh gi cao hn Link cc v tr
footer v khu vc trao i lin kt. Bn hy t link lin kt 1 trong cc v tr
footer, khu vc trao i lin kt v thm link lin kt trong cc bi vit. n y, s
c bn hi rng, t lin kt nh vy c spam link khng? Theo ti th khng, bn
c th t link 1 trong cc b tr footer, khu vc trao i lin kt c c nhiu
backlink trn web , bi cc v tr o, website c bao nhiu ni dung, bn s c
by nhiu link. V d nh, website bn t c 1000 bi vit, khi bn t link ti
footer, khu vc trao i lin kt qung co, bn s c 1000 backlink. Tuy nhin khi
t Link cc v tr , bn cng nn cn nhc c bao nhiu link c t,
thng bn nn chn nh hn 20 link c t cc v tr . Thm vo , bn c
thm link trong cc bi vit ni dung s gip bn c c thm im lin kt v c
th gip bn tng th hng t kha.

29

Bo co thc tp k thut

Hnh 2.16 Xy dng backlink

Ti u ha truyn thng x hi, mng x hi
Trang web ca bn c tch hp cc nt chia s, Like Facebook, +1 Google,
Tweet. Trn website. Mng x hi Facebook, Google+ l cch tt nht gii
thiu ni dung ti nhiu ngi. C nhiu ngi like, +1 cc ni dung trn website
ca bn s l iu rt tt gip my tm kim hiu c ni dung website ca bn c
c nhiu ngi quan tm v yu thch. Qua , gip bn c c nhng th hng
cao trong kt qu tm kim khi lm SEO.
Mt s cch xy dng lin kt khc
Xy dng lin kt trin vng

u tin nhng lin kt s mang li visit

Kim tra cc lin kt dn n nhng lin kt xu

Lin kt n nhiu trang khc nhau

Blog, Social, directory, business site

Cho cc trang web chuyn ng cc bi vit

Tip cn vi cc nh cung cp h c trang web

S dung tool phn tch

30

Bo co thc tp k thut

Nghin cu lin kt ca i th

Tm kim cc truy vn nng cao cho php submit t kha mc tiu

To mng li, mi quan h gia cc lin kt

Sau khi xy dng cc lin kt trin vng, bn cn xy dng cc mi quan

h gia cc lin kt

Xy dng danh sch bo tr

ng k ti cc forum

L mt phn trong cc chuyn gia mng x hi

a lin kt trong cc a ch email

Qung b

a ni dung ln Blog, website ca bn

a ni dung ln cc bn tin gi khch hang

To cc RSS feeds

Submit ni dung nn cc Social Site

Lin h vi nhng website, ngi c nh hng

Lin h vi cc nh bo, ngi bin tp ni dung

S dng Blog khch

Mua cc lin kt qung co

31

Bo co thc tp k thut

CHNG 3 : NHN XT XUT

3.1 u im
Nhit tnh vi cng vic
Tinh thn hc tp cao, lun tm ti hc hi kin thc ph hp vi cng vic.
3.2 Nhc im
Kin thc thc t cn thiu, kh nng giao tip cha tt .
Kh nng lm vic c lp cha cao.
3.3 xut
Qua qu trnh thc tp k thut, em t nhn thy kin thc thc t ca bn thn
cn thiu nhiu, k nng giao tip, lm vic nhm, cn kh hn ch. Em ngh
khng ch l vn ca ring bn thn em m nhiu bn sinh vin khc cng gp
phi vn tng t. Nhm gp phn thc y hn na qu trnh hc ca chng em
sao cho st vi kin thc thc t ca cng vic, em xin xut mt vi kin ca
c nhn :
Tp trung thc hnh thc t nhiu hn nhm to cho sinh vin bm st thc t
cng vic sau ny.
T chc cc chuyn tham quan c s thc t, lin kt vi cc cng ty, cc vin
nghin cu sinh vin hnh dung c tt hn cng vic s lm sau khi ra trng.
To iu kin cho sinh vin c tip xc vi cng ngh mi sinh vin c
th lm ch c cng ngh mi, theo kp nhu cu cng vic.

32

Bo co thc tp k thut

C. KT LUN
Trong thi gian thc tp ti cng ty c phn pht trin phn mm Nam , em
hc c rt nhiu cc k nng nh k nng lm vic nhm, k nng phn tch yu
cu, k nng giao tip.Vi cng vic c giao em hon thin cho mnh hn
nhng kin thc v CNTT, vi ti nghin cu v seo. Em hiu c tm quan
trong ca seo trong maketting quan trong nh th no. Trong thi bui kinh th pht
trin nh v bo, tnh cnh tranh khc lit. Ngi bn khng cn c quyn na m
ngi mua c quyn la chn sao cho ph hp. n c ngi tiu dng th
doanh nghip, c nhn cn phi lm th no cho ngi tiu dng bit c. Seo lm
c vic ny mt cch t chi ph nht. Chnh v vy vic thnh bi ca cng ty,
doanh nghip nh hng rt ln n kh nng seo. Seo l mt phn quan trong
khng th thiu. Vi nhng k nng hc c em phn no t tin hn v quan
trng hn l nh hng c cho bn thn, l mt sinh vin chuyn ngnh in
t- Vin thng nhng hon ton c th lm v CNTT. Em xin gi li cm n chn
thnh n cc anh ch trong cng ty c phn pht trin phn mm Nam to
iu kin cho em hon thnh tt trong thi gian thc tp ti y.
.

33

Bo co thc tp k thut

MC LC

A. LI NI U......................................................................................................1
1.

Ni dung, ngha ca t thc tp..............................................................1

2. Nhng kh khn v thun li trong qu trnh thc tp......................................1

2.1. Kh khn....................................................................................................1
2.2. Thun li.....................................................................................................2
3. Li cm n........................................................................................................2
B. NI DUNG........................................................................................................... 3
CHNG 1: GII THIU CHC NNG, NHIM V, C CU T CHC
CA CNG TY C PHN PHT TRIN PHN MM NAM ......................3
1.1. Chc nng, nhim v ca cng ty c phn pht trin phn mm Nam . . .3
1.2.

C cu, t chc ca cng ty c phn pht trin phn mm Nam .......3

2.1. Cc v tr cng vic trong cng ty c phn pht trin phn mm Nam ,
yu cu chuyn mn, k nng ca tng v tr....................................................4
2.2. Cc lnh vc hot ng chuyn mn ca cng ty........................................4
2.3 Cng vic c giao trong t thc tp.......................................................5
CHNG 3 : NHN XT XUT...............................................................30
3.1 u im.....................................................................................................30
3.2 Nhc im...............................................................................................30
3.3 xut......................................................................................................30
C. KT LUN........................................................................................................31
TI LIU THAM KHO.......................................................................................33
BNG I CHIU THUT NG ANH-VIT.....................................................34

34

Bo co thc tp k thut

TI LIU THAM KHO

[1] http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/SEO, truy nhp cui cng ngy 12/8/2014.

[2] http://hocinternetmarketing.vn/hoc-lam-seo/, truy nhp cui cng ngy
12/8/2014.
[3] http://vietmoz.net/kien-thuc-seo/tu-hoc-seo-voi-giao-trinh-seo-vietmoz-20/,truy
nhp cui cng ngy 12/8/2014.

35

Bo co thc tp k thut

BNG I CHIU THUT NG ANH-VIT

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

Internet
Search engines
Search engine oftimization
HTML
Website
Backlink
URL,Tile,Description
Meta description
Upload,root, verifystile map

Mng ton cu
Cng c tm kim
Ti u ho cng c tm kim
Ngn ng siu vn bn
Trang web
Lin kt tr v
ng dn, tiu , m t
Th m t ni dung trong HTML
Ti d liu ln mng, s trang
web
Ch s
Ngi l seo
Ngi lm maketing
Th hng website
Lng truy nhp website

10. Index
11. Seoer
12. Maketer
13. Pagerank
14. visit

36