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BTKTVM p2 7238
BTKTVM p2 7238
CUNG, CU
1. Cu th trng l tng ca cc cu c nhn
Cu th trng
Gi
10
Lng cu
10
13
16
19
200
220
240
260
Lng cung
10
16
22
43
3. Cn bng th trng xy ra mc gi m ti
lng cung bng lng cu. Nh vy gi cn bng l 25 v
lng cn bng l 25.
4.
Phng trnh cung v cu trong trng hp ny
u 14 tuyn tnh. T cc s liu cho ta tm c.
Cu: p = 9 - Q
4
_ 8 Q
Cung: p = - +
3
6
Gi cn bng l P= 5,2 v lng cn bng l Qe= 15,2
79
Qe=20
b) Cu mi l
p=10- Q
5
Q >30
P'e= 8
c) Nu t gi l 4 th thiu ht th trng l 20
6. a) ED (P=g0) 0,4;
b )E U , =0,5;
ED(P-I0) -0,56
E(sp=IOO)0,56
c)
Pc = 100; Qc = 18
d) Khi trn gi l 80 th thiu ht 4
7. a) pm= 5
b)
Khi trn gi bng 1 th lng cung l 55. So vi
lng cung cn bng th lng cung khi c trn gi nh
hn 20(75 -55 =20). Dn s thnh ph" gim 600.000 ngi
(200.000 X 3 = 600.000)
c)
S cn h c xy dng thm trong di hn l
100.000 (1/2 (95 -75) = 10)
8. a) Tng cu QD= 3550 = 266P bng cu trong nc
cng vi cu xut khu. Nu cu xut khu gim i 40%
th tng cu s l Qd= 1000 - 46P + 0,6 (2550 - 220P)
Qd= 2530 - 178P
80
Cung trong nc l
do
Qs = 1800 + :240P
Pe = 1,75$
a)
81
b) Ep = -0,5
AP -Q = -0.5
= M J - =.0,5
AP 1000
AP=+2
Gi cn bng mi l 12000 /kg
11. a)
b)
%A_qsoa = 0 5 ta c
%APcam
%AQsoi = 0,5 X 14,29% = 7,14%
Lng cu v soi tng 7,14 %
12. a) Hm cung c dng Q = a + bPc+cP0
0,2 = b, =>b = 2
20
0,1 = c.
20
=> c = 0,25
a = Q - b Pg + cP0
82
a = 20 - 2x2 + 0,25x8
=> a = 14
Vy hm cung l Q = 14 + 2Pg + 0,25
Hm cu c dng Q = d + ePg + fP0
E(PS)
p.
qG
-0,5 = e.2/20
= -5
E(dP) =1.5 = f. (g>
QG
4 *
X = f.
_8_
20
f = 3,75
d = Q - e PG- fP0
d = 20 + 5x2 - 3,75x8 = 0
Vy hm cu l Q = 5Pg + 3,75P0
b) Khi gi b iu tit ca kh t nhin l 1,5 th cu
vt l
3,5 Tcf (-5x1,5 + 3,75x8 V--------- y ---------
14+2x1,5 + 0,25x8),
V-----------^ -----------
83
- 0,05 = b .
18
b = -0,225
a = Q-bP
= 18 + 0,025 X 4 = 18,9
Vy cu ngn hn l Q = 18,9 - 0,025P
* Hm cung cnh tranh c dng Q = c + dP
Trong ngn hn
* Es = 00,1 = d.
0.1 = d. 6
d = 0.15
c = Q, - dP = 6 0,15 X 4
c =5,4
Vy hm cung cnh tranh ngn hn l Sc = 5,4 + 0,15P
Tng cung ngn hn bng tng ca cung cnh tranh
v cung ca OPEC trong ngn hn:
Qs = 5,4 + 0,15P + 12 = 17,4 + 0,15P
84
b) Trong di hn:
p
Ed 0,4 * b~~
Q
-0,4 = b.4/18
b = -1,8
a = Q - bP = 18 + 18 X4 =25,2
Vy hm cu di hn l QD= 25,2 - 1,8 p
ES = 0,4 = d
Qsc
0,4 = d 6
d = 0,6
c = Q - dP = 6 - 0,6 x4 = 3,6
85
b)
Khi lng vng tng thm 85 n v t 50 n 135
ta phi gii h phng trnh
pving= 850 - 135 + 0,5Pbc
= 715 + 0,5(340 + 0,2 Pvng)
Nh vy
Pv4ng = 983,33 v
86
TIU DNG
87
17. a) Qi = 4 - 1/2 Q2
b)
Q|
12
88
Q2
oan AB c dc l -5?,
oan BC c dc l 0,75 -5p2
on CD c dc l 0.5
?2
19.
Bia
Bia
Ui
Ut
u
1 1
nem
(a)
\
A
\W
vvv
Bia
U|
u
u,
2
(b)
nem
nem
(c)
20
b)
MRS ca ung c cn cho ung khng c cn
l dc ca cc ng bng quan ny. i vi A, MRS
ny ln hn MRS ny ca B, v th cc ng 'bng quan
ca A dc hn ca B. Ngha l vi bt k kt hp ung
c cn v ung khng cn no A sn sng hy sinh nhiu
ung khng c cn hn B t thm c 1 n v
ung c cn.
89
ung
khng
c cn
ung
khng
c cn
(A)
(B)
c)
ti a ha s tha mn, ngi tiu dng phi
tiu dng cc s' lng sao cho MRS gia hai hng ha
bng t s cc gi. Nu A v B l nhng ngi tiu ng
hp l th MRS ca h phi bng nhau. Nhng v h c s
thch khc nhau nn h s tiu dng cc s lng khc
nhau ca 2 hng ha. cc mc tiu dng khc nhau ny
MRS ca h bng nhau.
21. a) V hm ch li ca ngi tiu ny l (X,Y) =
XY nn nu tiu dng 4 n v X v 12 n v Y h s t
c 48 n v ch li. Nu vic tiu dng hng ha Y gim
xung cn 8 n v th ngi ny c 6 n v X vn tha
mn nh lc u.
b) Ngi tiu dng ny thch tp hp 4 n v X v 8
90
n v Y (em li 48 n v ch li) hn tp hp 3 n v X
v 10 n v Y (em li 30 n v ch li)
c)
Tng t ngi ny thch 2 tp hp (8, 12) v (16, 6)
nh nhau, ngha l anh ta bng quan gia hai tp hp ny
v chng em li cng mt mc ch li l 96.
22 Hm ch li ca ngi tiu dng ny l
u c.Y) =
2 7x +y
91
b) T hm ch li cho d thy
MU,= = 2 v MU
*
= =
92
d)
93
SN XUT
25.
a) Tng
b) Khng i
c) Khng i
d) Gim
e) Khng i
26. a) H s co gin ca Q theo K l 1/2 (s"m ca K)
3
H s co gin ca Q theo L l - (s m ca L)
z5
a) MPZ= = 10 + 2 Z - z 2
Z
10
94
a p 2=
o
z
z3
^ = 10 + Z -
#
10
C 2 nghim z =
z*=
(loi)
10
103
Max
20
I
I
63
400
10
10/3
-10/3
i AiD
(MPZ)'
+ 00
100
d) Khi APraax th MP = AP v vy
10 + z - = 10 + 2Z- z 2
10
hay z = 5 ;
10
z = 0 (loi)
29.
a) Gi MPXv MPy l nng sut cn bin ca X v
Y, cn Px v Py ln lt gi ca X v Y. T iu kin t u
ca vic phi hp ti u cc u vo
MPx MPy
Y
X- 2
Px - Py =* 5000 ~ 5000
Ta c: Y = X - 2
Kt hp vi phng trnh ng ngn sch
5000X + 5000Y = 100000
96
(1)
hay X + Y = 20 hoc Y = 20 - X
Suy ra X* 11 v Y*,= 9
b) V gi ca 2 yu t X, Y khng i, phng trnh
ng ngn sch mi khi ngn sch tng lin gp i l:
5000X + 5000Y = 200000
hay
X + Y = 40
Do iu kin ti u vn nh cu a, nn ta s c s
ph hp t u mi ca hai yu t l:
X** = 21 v Y** =19
c) Nu gi 1 pht ca qung co l p*y = 8000 th iu
kin ti u s l:
Y
X-2 ,
5(X - 2 ) 5 v 5
------= ------- hay Y = - = X -
5000 8000
8
8
4Phng trnh ng ngn sch thay i thnh:
5000X + 8000Y = 200000
hay
Y = 25 - X
8
w=4$
r = 100$
MP l = 4
MP k = 40
98