Created and edited by: Nguyen Phuoc Bao Duy

Part 2:

Php bin i Laplace

I. Php bin i Laplace

II. ng dng ca php bin i Laplace

Created and edited by: Nguyen Phuoc Bao Duy

Php bin i Laplace:

1. Php bin i Laplace thun

nh ngha
Cc tnh cht

2. Php bin i Laplace ngc

nh ngha
Cch tm bin i Laplace ngc

Created and edited by: Nguyen Phuoc Bao Duy

1. Php bin i Laplace

a. nh ngha:
Bin i Laplace ca hm f(t) l hm F(s) xc nh bi:

F( s) f (t )e st dt
0

Created and edited by: Nguyen Phuoc Bao Duy

1. Php bin i Laplace

V d 1.01: Tm bin i Laplace ca cc hm s sau:
a. f1(t) = c (c l mt hng s)
b. f2(t) = t

p n:

a. F1 ( s) c.e dt c
st

st

st

te
b. F2 ( s) t.e dt
s
0
st

s
1 st
2e
s

1
2
s

Created and edited by: Nguyen Phuoc Bao Duy

1. Php bin i Laplace

Mt s php bin i Laplace thng dng
f(t)
1 or u(t)

cos at
sin at
tn

F(s)

1
s
s
s2 a 2
a
s2 a 2
n!
sn 1

Created and edited by: Nguyen Phuoc Bao Duy

1. Php bin i Laplace

b. Cc tnh cht ca php bin i Laplace
i. Tuyn tnh
c1f1(t) + c2f2(t) c1F1(s) + c2F2(s)

ii. Di tn s (di theo s)

e-atf(t) F(s + a)
iii. Di thi gian (di theo t)
f(t - a )u(t a) e-asF(s)
iv. Co gin theo thi gian

f(at) (1/a)F(s/a)

Created and edited by: Nguyen Phuoc Bao Duy

1. Php bin i Laplace

V d 1.02:

3t4 2sin5t 3 4!5 2

s

5
72
10

s2 52 s5 s2 25

3!
6

4
( s 3)
( s 3)4

u(t 2)

e 2s
s

(t/2)2

2!
1
2
3
3
(2 s)
2s

e-3tt3

Created and edited by: Nguyen Phuoc Bao Duy

1. Php bin i Laplace

b. Cch tnh cht ca php bin i Laplace (tt)
v. o hm theo thi gian
f(t) sF(s) f(0 )

f(n)(t) snF(s) sn1f(0 ) sn2f(0 ) f(n 1)(0 )

vi. Tch phn theo thi gian:
t

f ( x)dx

F ( s)
s

vii. Nhn vi tn
n

t f (t )

dn
n ( n)
( 1)
F
(
s
)

1)
F ( s)
n
ds
n

Created and edited by: Nguyen Phuoc Bao Duy

1. Php bin i Laplace

V d 1.03:
1
1
s
t
t

te
e te s
0
2
2
( s 1)
( s 1)
( s 1)2
t

1
1
x
te t

xe
dx

0
( s 1)2
s( s 1)2

1
e t
s1

2
1
d
2
t 2 e t ( 1)2 2

ds s 1 ( s 1)3

Created and edited by: Nguyen Phuoc Bao Duy

1. Php bin i Laplace

b. Cch tnh cht ca php bin i Laplace (tt)
viii. Chia cho t

f (t )
F( x)dx
t
s

ix. Bin i Laplace ca hm tun hon vi chu k T

T

f (t )

st
e
f (t)dt
0

1 e sT

Created and edited by: Nguyen Phuoc Bao Duy

1. Php bin i Laplace

V d 1.04:
a. te t

1
te
1
1
1

dx

s ( x 1)2
t
x1 s s1
( s 1)2
2

b. F( s)

st
e
f (t)dt
0

1 e 2 s

1
2 s

st
st
e
dt

dt

1 e

st

1 e 2 s

st

1 es

s(1 e s )

Created and edited by: Nguyen Phuoc Bao Duy

1. Php bin i Laplace

b. Cch tnh cht ca php bin i Laplace (tt)
x. nh l gi tr u
lim f (t ) f (0 ) lim sF( s)
t 0

xi. nh l gi tr cui
lim f (t ) f () lim sF( s)
t

s0

xii. Tch phn

F(0)
f (t)dt L

Created and edited by: Nguyen Phuoc Bao Duy

2. Php bin i Laplace ngc

a. nh ngha
Nu F(s) l bin i Laplace ca f(t), th f(t) s l
bin i Laplace ngc ca F(s):

st

F
(
s
)

f
(
t
)
e
dt
{f(t)}

L {F(s)} = f(t)
-1

tm bin i Laplace ngc, ta thng dng cc

cc bin i Laplace bit kt hp vi cc tnh cht.

Created and edited by: Nguyen Phuoc Bao Duy

2. Php bin i Laplace ngc

Cc tnh cht ca bin i Laplace ngc tng t
nh cc tnh cht ca bin i Laplace thun, v d nh
tnh tuyn tnh:

L[c f (t) + c f (t)] = c F (s) + c F (s)

L [c F (s) + c F (s)] = c f (t) + c f (t)
1 1

-1

1 1

V d 1.05:

2 2

2 2

1 1

1 1

2 2

2 2

1
3s
t 3 cos 2t
-1 2 2
s s 4

Created and edited by: Nguyen Phuoc Bao Duy

2. Php bin i Laplace ngc

Tm bin i ngc dng tnh cht di tn s (di theo s)

L {F(s - a)} = e f(t)

-1

at

V d 1.06: Tm bin i Laplace ngc ca cc hm sau

1
s2
1
b.
( s 2)2
1
c.
( s 3)( s 2)
s1
d. 2 2
s ( s 9)
a.

1
( s 1)2 ( s2 4)
2
f. 2
s 6 s 13
s7
g. 2
s 2s 5
e.

Created and edited by: Nguyen Phuoc Bao Duy

2. Php bin i Laplace ngc

p n V d 1.06
1
1
c. f (t ) e 3t e 2 t
5
5
1 1 1 1 1 s1
1 1
1
1
d. F( s) . . 2 . 2
f (t ) t cos 3t sin 3t
9 s 9 s 9 s 9
9 9
9
27
2 1
1
1
1 2s 3
e. F ( s) .
.

. 2
2
25 s 1 5 ( s 1) 25 s 4
2 t 1 t 2
3
f (t )
e te cos 2t sin 2t
25
5
25
50
f . f (t ) e 3t sin 2t
a. f (t ) e 2 t

b. f (t ) te 2 t

g. f (t ) e t cos 2t 3e t sin 2t

Created and edited by: Nguyen Phuoc Bao Duy

2. Php bin i Laplace ngc

Khai trin Heaviside
Xt hm F(s) c dng phn thc:
bm sm bm1sm1 ... b1s b0
F( s)
; mn
n
n 1
an s an1s ... a1s a0
Khi F(s) c th phn tch thnh cc phn thc
n v.
Trng hp 1: F(s) c ton cc cc n
bm sm bm1sm1 ... b1s b0
F ( s)
( s 1 )( s 2 )...( s n )
kn
k1
k2

...
s 1 s 2
s n
with kr ( s r )F( s) s

Created and edited by: Nguyen Phuoc Bao Duy

2. Php bin i Laplace ngc

Trng hp 2: F(s) c cc bi:
bm sm bm1sm1 ... b1s b0
F ( s)
( s 1 )r ( s 2 )...( s i )

k1,r
( s 1 )

with ki ,r j

k1,r 1
( s 1 )r 1

k1,1

ki
k2
...

...
( s 1 ) s 2
s i

1 dj
r

(
s

)
F( s)
i
j
j ! ds
s

Created and edited by: Nguyen Phuoc Bao Duy

2. Php bin i Laplace ngc

V d 1.07: Xc nh bin i Laplace ngc ca cc
hm sau:
11s2 2 s 5
a. F( s)
( s 2)(2 s 1)( s 1)
s2 2s 3
b. F( s)
( s 1)( s 1)2
2 s4 7 s3 63s2 55s 71
c. F( s)
( s 3)( s 2)2 ( s2 2 s 17)

Created and edited by: Nguyen Phuoc Bao Duy

2. Php bin i Laplace ngc

p n V d 1.07:
3 2t
a. f (t ) 2 e 5e e
2
1
3
b. f (t ) e t e t t
2
2
t

2t

c. f (t ) e 3t e 2 t (t 2) e t (cos 4t 5 sin 4t )

Created and edited by: Nguyen Phuoc Bao Duy

2. Php bin i Laplace ngc

Tm bin i ngc dng tnh cht di thi gian (di theo t)

L {e
-1

-asF(s)}

= f(t - a)u(t a)

V d 1.07: Tm bin i Laplace ngc ca cc hm

sau:
e s ( s 3)
b.
s( s2 1)

4 e 4 s
a.
s( s 2)

p n:

0
t4
u(t 4)
a. f (t ) 2 2 e
2( t 4)

t4
2
1

0
t
b. f (t ) (3 3 cos t sin t )u(t )
3 3 cos t sin t t
2( t 4)

Created and edited by: Nguyen Phuoc Bao Duy

Historical Note: Pierre Simon Laplace

Born: 23 March 1749
Normandy, France
Died: 5 October 1827 (aged 77)
Paris, France
Pierre-Simon marquis de
Laplace
was
a
French
mathematician and astronomer
whose work was pivotal to the
development of mathematical
astronomy and statistics.

Created and edited by: Nguyen Phuoc Bao Duy

Historical Note: Oliver Heaviside

Born: 18 May 1850
London, England
Died: 3 February 1925 (aged 74)
Devon, England.

Oliver Heaviside was a selftaught English electrical engineer,

mathematician, and physicist who
adapted complex numbers to the
study of electrical circuits,
invented mathematical techniques
to the solution of differential
equations (later found to be
equivalent to Laplace transforms)