Phn bit cc dng t ti Vit Nam - VnExpress

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Th hai, 24/8/2015 | 07:23 GMT+7

Phn bit cc dng t ti Vit Nam

Th trng m rng khin xut hin ngy cng nhiu dng xe t sedan,
hatchback, SUV, pick-up...
Lch s t th gii ti nay hn 100 nm tui, k t khi chic xe thng
mi u tin ra i nm 1896, ngnh cng nghip ny pht trin khng
ngng. T ch ch c mt loi xe, sau sinh ra nhiu dng xe vi nhiu
kch thc, hnh dng v cng nng khc nhau phc v nhu cu nhiu
i tng khch hng.
Bi s phc tp gy ra nhiu hiu nhm v tranh ci trong cch nh
ngha tng dng xe. Trn th gii c nhiu cch phn chia, trong c th
da vo kch thc c xe nh, xe va, xe ln hay da trn mc ch s
dng nh xe gia nh, xe th thao, xe ti... Nhng cch chia chung nht l
chia thnh tng dng da trn hnh dng vi sedan, hatchback, SUV,
pick-up... Di y l nhng cch nh ngha c bn v nhng dng xe
chnh xut hin Vit Nam, da trn thng tin ca Edmunds, ngun d liu
xe hi khng l trn th gii.
1. Sedan

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y l dng xe ph bin nht cho ti nay, mc d gn y b SUV chim th

phn nghim trng. Sedan c nh ngha l loi xe 4 ca, c 4 ch hoc
hn, vi trn xe ko di t trc ra sau, c ln xung cn i to ra vng
cp xe pha sau ch hnh l, vi cch m cp ht ln.
Vit Nam nhng dng sedan c bn nh Toyota Altis, Camry, Kia K3,
Hyundai Sonata, Mercedes S-class...
2. Hatchback

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Hatchback l mt dng xe thng c nh hoc trung, dng cho c nhn

hay gia nh c thm nhu cu ch nhiu hnh l. Theo , phn ui xe
khng ko di thnh cp nh sedan m ct thng hng gh sau, to
thnh mt ca mi. Bn cnh kiu thit k ny, hng gh pha sau ca xe
cng c kh nng gp xung to khng gian ln xp .
th trng chu u thng c thm dng wagon hay station-wagon, l
bin th t mt chic sedan ko di ui kiu hatchback ch hng ha.
Mt s dng xe c bn hatchback nh Hyundai Grand i10, Ford Fiesta,
Toyota Yaris, Mercedes A-class...
3. SUV v Crossover

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Lexus LX570 l SUV.

y l hai khi nim thng s dng pha trn, i khi c chp nhn
dng chung. Bn cht SUV l Sport Utility Vehicle, xe th thao a dng, vi
c trng gm cao, h dn ng 4 bnh ton thi gian hoc bn thi gian.
Kch thc dng xe ny thng t c trung n ln, vi trang b thin v
kh nng chy ng di, off-road nhiu hn l di chuyn ph. Cng v
th, SUV thng c thit k vung vc, ng nt n gin, nam tnh.
Crossover l khi nim kt hp mt chic SUV v xe th. Theo ,
crossover c gm cao tha hng t SUV, nhng thit k phc tp, mu
m hn, ni tht trang b nhiu tnh nng cho hnh khch nh trn sedan.
Dng xe ny thng c kch thc nh hoc trung, l gii php cho ngi
sng thnh th nhng thch phong cch SUV. Khi sn xut, crossover
thng pht trin da trn nn tng ca mt mu sedan khc.

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Honda CR-V xp vo nhm crossover.

Cng mt hng xe c th tm thy nhng mu SUV v crossover, v nh

Lexus LX570 l SUV, trong khi RX350 l mt chic crossover. Trn thc t
hin nay, p ng nhu cu ca khch hng, cc hng thng iu chnh
khin hai dng xe ny v gn nhau, do cch gi crossover l SUV vn
c chp nhn.
4. Bn ti (Pick-up)

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Dng xe bn ti hay pick-up tng t nh SUV, khng c xp vo "car"

th trng M. Tc m ch nhng dng xe khng nghing v s dng ch
hnh khch nh sedan, hatchback hay crossover.
V hnh dng, pick-up thng c 2 hoc 4 ca, cch cu to tng t SUV
nhng c thng pha sau ch hng, ngn cch ring vi khoang hnh
khch. Dng xe ny thng s dng nhiu cho nhng ngi c nhu cu di
chuyn kt hp vn ti hng ha.
Vit Nam, phn khc xe bn ti ngy cng thnh hnh nh u im nh
mt chic sedan li ch c nhiu cng mc thu ph r hn. Nhng
mu xe ni bt nh Ford Ranger, Mazda BT-50, Toyota Hilux...
5. Minivan

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Minivan hay MPV (Multi-Purpse Vehicle) xe a dng l mu xe thng s

dng cho gia nh, c kh nng linh ng chuyn i gia ch ngi v
ch hng ha. MPV thng c gm cao hn sedan nhng thp hn
crossover hay SUV.
Chic MPV bn chy nht th trng Vit l Toyota Innova, thng c
mua nhiu bi cc t chc, c quan chuyn ch nhn vin hoc doanh
nghip kinh doanh vn ti hnh khch. Ngoi ra mt s mu MPV khc nh
Kia Rondo, Suzuki Ertiga.
6. Coupe

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Coupe l dng xe c nhiu thay i qua thi gian khin ngi m xe i khi
khng kp cp nht. V c bn khi mi khai sinh, coupe l t dng ch
nhng mu xe 2 ca, 2 ch ngi vi ng c vn hnh hiu sut cao. Nhc
ti coupe l nhc ti xe th thao.
Theo thi gian phc v nhu cu xe th thao nhng vn c th ch hn 2
ngi, dng xe coupe thm 2 gh nh pha sau ra i, c gi l coupe
2+2. Gn y nht l khi nim gy tranh ci "coupe 4 ca", m u bng
chic CLS ca Mercedes gii thiu nm 2003.
Nhn tng th coupe 4 ca khng khc g mt chic sedan, do nhiu
ngi khng chp nhn nh ngha ny ca hng xe c. Tuy nhin, im
khc bit nm ch mui xe ko di xung tn ui ging nh chic coupe
truyn thng ch khng phn bit r cp xe nh trn sedan.
Cho n nay, khi nim coupe 4 ca vn cha thc s c chp nhn
rng ri, cc phng tin truyn thng bo ch vn s dng ngn t sedan
thay cho coupe 4 ca. Mt s mu xe dng ny nh Porsche Panamera,
Audi A5 Sportback, A7 Sportback...
7. Convertible
Convertible l t ch chung nhng mu coupe c kh nng m mui thnh
"mui trn" nh Vit Nam vn dng. Loi xe ny vn c th ng kn bng

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mui mm t vi hoc mui cng c th xp gn khi m np cp pha sau.

Mt dng khc ca convertible hay s dng l roadster, thng dnh cho

mui trn ca xe th thao hiu sut cao hoc siu xe nh Lamborghini
Aventador Roadster. Ti chu u hay s dng thut ng Cabriolet, thc t
nh ngha cng tng t convertible.
Ngoi nhng dng xe c bn trn, ngnh cng nghip xe hi cn s dng
mt s cm t nh limousine ch nhng chic sedan c thn xe ko di,
siu xe dnh cho xe coupe th thao c hiu sut rt cao, hot-hatch dnh
cho hatchback th thao...
Minh Hy

8/24/2015 10:25 AM