B THNG TIN V TRUYN THNG

HC VIN CNG NGH BU CHNH VIN THNG

VIN KHOA HC K THUT BU IN

--------o0o--------

TI

XY DNG TIU CHUN V RUNG PHAV TRI PHA

(JITTER AND WANDER) CHO GIAO DIN S THEO PHN
CP NG B PDH V SDH
M s:
123-09-KHKT-TC
(Bn sa sau nghim thu cp B)

Ch tr ti:
ThS. V Hong Sn
Cng tc vin:

Ths. Trn Th Thu Bnh

Ths. Phm Hng Nhung
Ks. L c Vng

H ni 2010

Mc lc
Mc lc....................................................................................................................................
M u..................................................................................................................................
Thut ng vit tt..................................................................................................................
CHNG 1. NGHIN CU CC TIU CHUN LIN QUAN N RUNG
PHA V TRI PHA TRONG H THNG PDH/SDH...................................................
1.1 Cc tiu chun quc t...............................................................................................7
1.1.1 Tiu chun v c tnh in ca giao din......................................................7
1.1.2 Tiu chun v c tnh quang ca giao din...................................................7
1.1.3 Cc tiu chun lin quan n ng b............................................................8
1.1.4 Cc tiu chun v rung pha/tri pha...............................................................9
1.1.5 Cc tiu chun lin quan n nh gi cht lng li.................................17
1.1.6 Tiu chun v knh thu ring.......................................................................18
1.1.7 Cc tiu chun khc......................................................................................19
1.2 Cc qui / tiu chun ngnh.......................................................................................19
1.2.1 Tiu chun TCN 68-177: Yu cu k thut cho h thng thng tin quang v
viba SDH tc 155 Mbit/s, 622 Mbit/s v 2.5 Gbit/s..........................................20
1.2.2 Tiu chun TCN 68-173: Tiu chun giao din quang cho cc thit b v h
thng truyn dn SDH............................................................................................21
1.2.3 Tiu chun ngnh TCN 68-172:1998 v TCN 68-175:1998 tiu chun v
giao din in kt ni mng...................................................................................21
1.2.4 TCN 68-171:1998, ng h ch trong mng ng b Yu cu k thu t...22
1.2.5 TCN 68-164:1997 Li bt v rung pha ca cc ng truyn dn s - Yu
cu k thut v Quy trnh o kim,.........................................................................22
1.2.6 Qui chun/ Tiu chun v knh thu ring....................................................23
1.3 KT LUN:.............................................................................................................25
CHNG 2. NGHIN CU XY DNG TIU CHUN V RUNG PHA
V TRI PHA....................................................................................................................
2.1 Khi nim chung:.....................................................................................................27
2.2 Yu cu c th i vi quy chun k thut v kt ni mng[1]...............................27
2.2.1 Giao din kt ni mng.................................................................................27
2.2.2 Quy chun k thut kt ni mng Vin thng................................................28
2.2.3 Phm vi quy chun k thut v giao din kt ni mng................................28
2.2.4 Phm vi cc quy chun k thut v cht lng kt ni.................................28
2.3 Xy dng tiu chun Rung pha/tri pha..................................................................28
2.3.1 c im, tnh hnh i tng tiu chun ha..............................................28
2.3.2 L do v mc ch..........................................................................................29
2.3.3 S c v phng php xy dng tiu chun.................................................30
2.3.4 Cu trc Tiu chun......................................................................................31
KHUYN NGH P DNG...............................................................................................
PH LC A: Phng php o rung pha/tri pha...........................................................
A.1 Gii thiu.........................................................................................................39
A.2 o Rung pha ti cc giao din ra....................................................................41
A.3 o rung pha cho php ti giao din u vo...................................................42
PH LC B: GII THIU MT S THIT B O.....................................................
B.1 Yu cu chung.........................................................................................................43
B.2 Mt s thit b o....................................................................................................44

ti: 95-07-KHKT-TC

B.2.1Thit b ANT-20..............................................................................................44
B.2.2 Thit b o SF-60 v SFO-60........................................................................47
B.2.3 HP E1725C...................................................................................................47
TI LIU THAM KHO..................................................................................................

ti: 95-07-KHKT-TC

ii

M u
Hin nay, mng vin thng Vi t Nam co nhiu nh cung cp dch v, vi c
kt ni mng khng chi l vn ca m t nh khai thc, m no con lin quan
n vi c cung cp, chia se ti nguyn mng, nhm khai thc v v n hnh c
s h tng thng tin chung m t cch ti u.
Cc nh khai thc ln nh VNPT, Viettel, EVN trin khai rng khp
cng ngh PDH, SDH/NG-SDH. Cung cp cc giao din kt ni vi khch
hng, v vi nhau theo cc chun vin thng quc t v Vit nam.
B Thng tin truyn thng ban hnh v ang xy dng mt s Tiu chun
VN v: giao din vt l v knh thu ring. Trong o, cc yu cu v nh thi
ca tn hiu, giao din ch yu vn tham chiu n cc khuyn ngh, tiu
chun quc t.
Cc nc trn th gii s dng cc qui nh, tiu chun v giao din, dch
v kt ni gia cc h thng thng tin v dng lm cc chi tiu nh gi
nghim thu h thng thit b khi mi a vo khai thc.
Cc nh khai thc mng v cung cp dch v knh SDH (AT&T, Bell South,
Telenor) u a ra cc tiu chun v giao din, dch v phc v cho vic
kt ni mng v cung cp dch v cho khch hng. ng thi, cc t chc tiu
chun (ITU, ETSI), v cc nh qun l nh nc cng a ra cc qui nh,
yu cu k thut v kt ni, dch v co lin quan n cc yu cu v Rung pha
v tri pha.
Mc tiu ca ti ny l nghin cu v xy dng Tiu chun v rung pha v
tri pha cho cc giao din mng, lm s c cho vic nh gi, m bo kt ni
gia cc thit b v gia cc mng da theo phn cp s (tiu chun cho kt
ni mng); gia thit b khch hng vi nh cung cp dch v knh thu ring
(tiu chun cho dch v); cng nh a ra cc yu cu k thut cht lng
ng b phc v cc nh khai thc trin khai mng m bo cht lng v
hiu qu.
Vi mc tiu nh vy, ni dung ca ti c chia thnh 2 phn ln nh
sau:
Phn I: Thuyt minh xy dng tiu chun bao gm:
NGHIN CU CC TIU CHUN LIN QUAN N RUNG
PHA/ TRI PHA TRONG PDH/SDH
NGHIN CU XY DNG TIU CHUN V RUNG PHA/
TRI PHA
ti: 95-07-KHKT-TC

iii

Phn II: TIU CHUN QUC GIA V GII HN RUNG PHA V TRI
PHA TRONG MNG S THEO PHN CP S NG B (SDH) V
PHN CP 2048kbit/s p dng trn mng vin thng ca Vit nam.
Ngoi phm vi cng c duyt, ti xy dng thm cc yu cu v
cc giao din ph hp vi mng thc t v nhu cu pht trin ca mng li
nh: 8, 34, 140 Mbit/s v STM-256.
Ngoi ra ti con co cc ph lc trong o tom tt cc phng php, gii
thiu thit b o in hnh.
Trong qu trnh thc hin, ti khng th trnh khi nhng sai sot. V vy
ti co th p dng c trn mng li, nhom thc hin ti rt mong
nhn c s ong gop kin ca cc chuyn gia trong Ngnh.
Xin trn trng cm n.

ti: 95-07-KHKT-TC

iv

Thut ng vit tt
T vit
tt

T ting Anh

Ngha

ATM

Asynchronous Transfer Mode

Phng thc truyn ti

khng ng b

CMI

Coded Mark Inversion

o du m

MRTIE

Maximum Relative Time Interval Error

Sai s khong thi gian

tng i cc i

MS-AIS Multiplex Section Alarm Indication

Signal

Tn hiu chi th cnh

bo phin ghp knh

MTIE

Maximum Time Interval Error

Sai s khong thi gian

cc i

NE

Network Element

Phn t mng

NNI

Network-Network Interface

Giao din mng mng

PDH

Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy

Phn cp s cn ng
b

Pk-pk

Peak-to-peak

inh ti inh

PLL

Phase Locked Loop

Vong khoa pha

ppm

Parts per million

Phn triu

PRSB

Pseudo-Random Binary Sequence

Chui nh phn gi
ngu nhin

PRC

Primary Reference Clock

ng h chun s cp

RTIE

Relative Time Interval Error

Sai s khong thi gian

tng i

SDH

Synchronous Digital Hierarchy

Phn cp s ng b

SEC

SDH Equipment Clock

ng h thit b SDH

SSU

Synchronization Supply Unit

Khi cung cp ng b

STM-1e Synchronous Transport Module, level 1 Module truyn ti ng

(electrical format CMI-encoded signal) b, mc 1
STM-N

Synchronous Transport Module, level

N

Module truyn ti ng
b, mc N

TDEV

Time Deviation

lch thi gian

ti: 95-07-KHKT-TC

TIE

Time Interval Error

Sai s khong cch thi

gian

UI

Unit Interval

Khong n v

UIpp

Unit Interval, peak-to-peak

Khong n v, inhinh

UNI

User-Network Interface

Giao din ngi mng

UTC

Universal Time Co-ordinated

Gi phi hp quc t

VC-n

Virtual Container, level n

Container o, mc n

ti: 95-07-KHKT-TC

vi

CHNG 1. NGHIN CU CC TIU CHUN LIN QUAN

N RUNG PHA V TRI PHA TRONG H THNG
PDH/SDH
Trong phn ny s r sot li cc tiu chun lin quan n PDH/SDH lm c
s cho vic xy dng tiu chun v phng php o cc chng sau. V mng
vin thng ca Vit nam ch yu tun theo cc tiu chun ca ITU-T v ETSI
nn trong phn di y s thc hin tom tt cc tiu chun in hnh ca ITUT, ETSI lin quan n Rung pha v tri pha
1.1 Cc tiu chun quc t
1.1.1 Tiu chun v c tnh in ca giao din
ITU-T G.703 - c tnh in/vt l ca cc giao din phn cp s

Khuyn ngh ny a ra cc chi tiu v c tnh in v vt l ca cc giao din

ti phn cp s nh qui nh trong khuyn ngh G.702 (PDH) v G.707 (SDH),
vi mc ch nhm kt ni cc thnh phn ca mng truyn dn s.
Cc giao din phn cp s c qui nh trong khuyn ngh ny bao gm: giao
din ti tc 64 kbit/s, 1544 kbit/s, 2048 kbit/s, 6312 kbit/s, 32064 kbit/s,
44736 kbit/s, 8448 kbit/s, 34368 kbit/s, 139264 kbit/s, giao din ng b 2048
kHz, giao din 97728 kbit/s, 155520 kbit/s (STM-1e), 51840 kbit/s (STM-0).
1.1.2 Tiu chun v c tnh quang ca giao din
ITU-T G.957 - Giao din quang cho cc thit b v h thng lin quan

n phn cp s ng b
- Khuyn ngh ny a ra cc chi tiu v giao din quang cho cc thit b v
h thng SDH c nh ngha trong khuyn ngh G.707 v lm vic trn
si quang n mode G.652, G.653 v G.654
- Mc ch ca khuyn ngh ny l a ra cc chi tiu v giao din quang
cho cc thit b SDH c nh ngha trong khuyn ngh G.783 t
c kh nng tng hp ngang trn mt tuyn truyn dn (tc l kh
nng s dng thit b t nhiu nh cung cp khc nhau trn cng mt
tuyn truyn dn)
- Cc chi tiu trong khuyn ngh ny c p dng cho cc h thng trong
o mi hng truyn dn s dng mt si quang.
ti: 95-07-KHKT-TC

- Cc chi tiu v giao din quang c qui nh cho cc loi h thng .

1.1.3 Cc tiu chun lin quan n ng b
ITU-T G.812 - Yu cu v c tnh nh thi ca cc ng h t c

s dng lm cc ng h nt trong mng ng b

Khuyn ngh ny a ra cc yu cu ti thiu cho cc thit b c s dng nh
ng h nt trong cc mng ng b. Chc nng ca ng h nt l la chn
mt trong cc ng ng b ngoi a vo trm vin thng nh tn hiu
chun ng b, thc hin gim rung pha v tri pha v sau o c phn phi
n cc thit b khc trong trm.
Khi hot ng bnh thng ng h nt hot ng nh ng h th, bm theo
ng h chun s cp. Vi mc ch d phong, ng h nt noi chung s co
nhiu tham chiu u vo. Khi tt c cc ng vo gia ng h ch v ng
h nt hng, ng h nt s co kh nng duy tr hot ng trong cc gii hn
c tnh qui nh (kiu hot ng lu gi)
ng h nt co th l mt thit b ring bit (SASE) hoc co th l mt phn ca
thit b khc nh tng i hoc thit b u cho SDH.
Cc chi tiu v cht lng i vi cc ng h nt c a ra trong khuyn
ngh ny cho 3 kiu ng h:
- ng h kiu I: ch yu dng trong cc mng c ti u cho phn cp
2048 kbit/s
- ng h kiu II v III ch yu dng cho phn cp 1544 kbit/s
Ngoi ra, trong ph lc A con cp n 3 kiu ng h khc l:
- ng h kiu IV: c trin khai ch yu trong cc mng co h tr cho
phn cp 1544 kbit/s
- ng h kiu V: c trin khai ch yu trong cc nt chuyn tip co c
phn cp 1544 v 2048 kbit/s
- ng h kiu VI: c trin khai in hnh trong cc nt mng ni ht
co trn phn cp 2048 kbit/s
Cc yu cu k thut c a ra i vi mi loi ng h ny bao gm:
- Dung sai nhiu:
L mc nhiu ti thiu m ng h phi chp nhn c m vn m bo:
- Duy tr ng h trong cc gii hn c tnh qui nh
- Khng gy nn bt c cnh bo no
ti: 95-07-KHKT-TC

- Khng lm cho ng h chuyn i tham chiu

- Khng lm cho ng h chuyn sang ch lu gi
Trong mc ny con cp n dung sai rung pha v tri pha cho 3 kiu ng h
loi I, II v III.
- Truyn ti nhiu:
Truyn ti nhiu th hin lng nhiu pha xut hin ti u ra khi co nhiu c
a ti u vo. Chi tiu v mt n tri pha c qui nh trong iu kin tn
hiu vo co nhiu
ITU-T G.813 - Yu cu v c tnh nh thi ca cc ng h t trong

thit b SDH (SEC)

Khuyn ngh ny a ra cc yu cu k thut cho ng h s dng trong thit b
SDH (SEC). Trong trng hp bnh thng, ng h ny hot ng bm theo
PRC. Tuy nhin th ng h ny co th s dng nhiu u vo chun, v trong
trng hp tt c cc ngun chun b mt th ng h ny s hot ng ch
lu gi.
Khuyn ngh ny a ra cc chi tiu cho 2 loi ng h SEC:
- Loi 1: l cc ng h s dng trong mng SDH c ti u cho phn cp
s 2048 kbit/s
- Loi 2: l cc ng h s dng trong mng SDH c ti u cho phn cp
s 1544 kbit/s
Cc chi tiu a ra i vi SEC cng tng t nh i vi SSU
1.1.4 Cc tiu chun v rung pha/tri pha

Cc tiu chun lin quan n rung pha/ tri pha bao gm: ITU-T G.823, G.825
v ITU-T G.783
ITU-T G.823 - Yu cu v rung pha v tri pha trong cc mng s da

trn phn cp s 2048 kbit/s

Khuyn ngh ny a ra cc yu cu v rung pha v tri pha xut hin ti cc
giao din nt mng (NNI) ca phn cp s cn ng b (PDH) v cc mng
ng b da trn tc bit phn cp mc 1: 2048 kbit/s
i vi giao din lu lng, khuyn ngh ny a ra cc chi tiu lin quan n:
- Gii hn mng i vi gi tr rung pha v tri pha u ra ti cc giao din
2, 34, 140 Mbit/s
- Dung sai rung pha v tri pha u vo ti cc giao din 2, 34, 140 Mbit/s
ti: 95-07-KHKT-TC

i vi giao din ng b, khuyn ngh ny a ra cc chi tiu lin quan n:

- Gii hn mng i vi gi tr rung pha v tri pha u ra ti cc giao din
ng b. C th l:
- Gii hn mng i vi gi tr rung pha u ra ti cc giao din 2048 kHz
v 2048 kbit/s cho cc ng h PRC, SSU, SEC v giao din ng b
PDH. Cc gi tr gii hn ny c cho trong bng 5 ca G.823 vi thi
gian o l 60 s
- Gii hn mng i vi gi tr tri pha u ra ti cc giao din ca cc
ng h PRC, SSU, SEC v giao din ng b PDH biu th thng qua 2
tham s MTIE v TDEV. Cc gi tr ny c cho trong cc bng t 6 n
13 ca ITU-T G.823
- Dung sai rung pha v tri pha ti u vo ca cc giao din ng b. Cc gi
tr ny c tham chiu n dung sai rung pha v tri pha u vo cho cc
cng u vo ng h kiu I ca ITU-T G.812 cho cc thit b co chc nng
SSU, v chn la 1 ca ITU-T G.813 cho cc thit b co chc nng SEC
ITU-T G.825 - Yu cu v rung pha v tri pha trong cc mng s da

trn phn cp s ng b SDH

Khuyn ngh ny a cc tham s v cc gi tr lin quan nhm kim sot tt
lng rung pha v tri pha ti cc giao din mng - mng SDH (NNI), bao gm:
- Gii hn mng cc i i vi gi tr rung pha v tri pha
- Dung sai rung pha v tri pha ti thiu ca thit b i vi cc giao din
lu lng v giao din ng b da trn phn cp s ng b (SDH)
C th nh sau:
- Gii hn mng cho rung pha: cp n rung pha cho php ln nht ti
cc giao din STM-1, STM-4, STM-16, STM-64, STM-256
- Gii hn mng cho tri pha: cc giao din STM-N c coi l cc giao
din ng b. Gii hn mng cho tri pha ti cc giao din ng b ny
c tham chiu n khuyn khuyn ngh G.823
- Dung sai tri pha ti cc cng vo STM-N: vi cc giao din STM-N
c s dng nh l giao din ng b c tham chiu n khuyn ngh
G.812, G.813 (tc l phi p ng cc chi tiu dung sai tri pha qui nh
trong khuyn ngh G.812, G.813)

ti: 95-07-KHKT-TC

10

 ITU-T G.783 - c tnh cc khi chc nng ca thit b SDH

Trong khuyn ngh ny co cp cc chi tiu v rung pha sinh ra do qu trnh

sp xp cc tn hiu nhnh G.703 (PDH) vo trong cc container ca khung
SDH G.707 v cc chi tiu i vi rung pha kt hp. Rung pha kt hp y
c hiu l bao gm rung pha sp xp v rung pha do qu trnh dch chuyn
con tr gy nn.
Khuyn ngh ny cng a ra qui nh i vi chui th con tr c s dng
o rung pha kt hp
Tiu chun ETSI EN 302 084- iu khin rung pha v tri pha trong

mng truyn ti
Trong mng truyn ti, rung pha v tri pha c tch ly dc trn cc ng
truyn d liu do rung pha, tri pha ni ti v c tnh hm truyn t ca mi
thit b to nn.
Rung pha v tri pha ln co th nh hng bt li n c tn hiu s (v d
nh, gy ra li bt, khng iu khin c ni v cc hin tng bt thng khc)
v cc tn hiu tng t (v d nh iu ch pha khng mong mun ca tn hiu
c truyn). Thng thng, nh hng nh th ph thuc vo dch v c th
c cung cp v thit b u cui hoc thit b thch ng co lin quan.
V th cn thit phi thit lp gii hn rung pha, tri pha ti cc giao din mng
m bo cht lng tn hiu c truyn v hot ng ca thit b.
Quan im iu khin rung pha v tri pha ca tiu chun ny da trn yu
cu:

nh r gii hn rung pha v tri pha cc i ca mng m khng c

ln hn ti bt k giao din lin quan no.

nh r dung sai thit b nh nht i vi rung pha v tri pha cn c

cung cp ti bt k giao din lin quan.

Thit lp mt c cu nht qun cho chi tiu k thut ca cc loi thit b s

ring r.

Cung cp thng tin v hng dn o v nghin cu cc c tnh rung

pha, tri pha trong bt k cu hnh mng no.
Ni dung ca tiu chun ny c ITU chp thun a vo cc khuyn ngh
G.823 v G.825
Tiu chun ETSI EN 300 462-3 - iu khin rung pha v tri pha

trong mng ng b
Cng tng t nh tiu chun ETSI EN 302 084 a ra yu cu cho tn hiu lu
lng, ETSI a ra cc yu cu cho rung pha v tri pha cho cc giao din cp
tn hiu ng b trong mng ng b. Cc yu cu a ra bao gm cc chi tiu

ti: 95-07-KHKT-TC

11

rung pha v tri pha ti cc giao din mng ca cc thit b PRC, SSU, SEC v
PDH.
Ni dung ca tiu chun ny c ITU- T chp thun a vo khuyn ngh
G.823.
Bng sau chi ra s so snh v nh x cc phn ni dung ca cc tiu chun ETSI
v ITU-T v rung pha v tri pha. Qua o cho thy cc khuyn ngh ca ITU-T
chnh l bn chp thun t cc tiu chun ETSI xut tng ng v c b
cc, cp nht mi hn.

ti: 95-07-KHKT-TC

12

Bng 1-1 Bng i chiu gia cc tiu chun ETSI v ITU v Rung pha v tri pha
G.823 (03/2000)

G.825(03/2000)

ETSI EN 302 084 V1.1.1

(2000-02)

EN 300 462-3-1 V1.1.1

(1998-05)

1 Scope

Scope

Scope

References

References

References

2
Normative
references

Definitions

Definitions

3
Definitions and
abbreviations

3
Definitions,
symbols and
abbreviations

Abbreviations

Abbreviations

3.1

Definitions

3.1

Definitions

3.2

Abbreviations

3.2

Symbols

3.3

Abbreviations

5
Network limits for
traffic interfaces

5
Network limits for the
maximum output jitter and
wander at any hierarchical
interface

5
Network limits for
output jitter and wander

5.1 Network limits for

output jitter at traffic interfaces

5.1

5.1 Network limits for

output jitter

5.2 Network limits for

output wander at traffic
interfaces
ti: 95-07-KHKT-TC

Network limits for jitter

Scope

5.2 Network limits for

output wander

13

5.2.1 2048 kbit/s interface

output wander limit

5.2.1 2 048 kbit/s interface

output wander limit

5.2.2 34 368 kbit/s interface

output wander limit

5.2.2 34 368 kbit/s interface

output wander limit

5.2.3 139 264 kbit/s interface

output wander limit

5.2.3 139 264 kbit/s interface

output wander limit
5.2 Network limits for
wander

5.2.4 STM-N interface

output wander limit

6
Network limits for
synchronization interfaces

7
Jitter and wander
tolerance of network
interfaces

7
Network limits for
jitter and wander at
synchronization
interfaces
6
Jitter and wander
tolerance of equipment
interfaces

7.1 Jitter and wander

tolerance of traffic interfaces
7.1.1 64 kbit/s input jitter and
wander tolerance

6.1 64 kbit/s input jitter and

wander tolerance

7.1.2 2048 kbit/s input jitter

and wander tolerance

6.2 2 048 kbit/s input jitter

and wander tolerance

7.1.3 8448 kbit/s input jitter

and wander tolerance

6.3 8 448 kbit/s input jitter

and wander tolerance

ti: 95-07-KHKT-TC

14

7.1.4 34 368 kbit/s input jitter

and wander tolerance

6.4 34 368 kbit/s input

jitter and wander tolerance

7.1.5 139 264 kbit/s input

jitter and wander tolerance

6.5 139 264 kbit/s input

jitter and wander tolerance

7.2 Jitter and wander

tolerance of synchronization
interfaces

6.1 Jitter and wander

tolerance for STM-N input
ports

6.6 STM-N input jitter and

wander tolerance

Annex A Network model

underlying the
synchronization network
limit

4 Basic philosophy for

the control of jitter and
wander
5 Synchronization
interfaces
6 Synchronization
reference network
Annex B (informative):
Network model
underlying the network
limit

Annex B Network wander

reference model and
parameters

4
Network wander
specification

Appendix I Wander limit

considerations for SDH
transport networks

Annex A (informative):
Wander limit
considerations for SDH

ti: 95-07-KHKT-TC

15

transport networks
Appendix II Measurement
methodologies for output
wander

Appendix II Measurement
methodology for output
wander of synchronous
interfaces

Appendix III Measurement

guidelines for input jitter and
wander tolerance of
equipment interfaces

Annex B (informative):
Measurement
methodologies for output
wander
Annex C (informative):
Measurement
guidelines for input jitter
and wander tolerance of
equipment interfaces

Appendix I Relationship
between network interface
jitter requirements and input
jitter tolerance

ti: 95-07-KHKT-TC

Annex D (informative):
Relation between
parameters for input jitter
tolerance and output jitter
limits

16

1.1.5 Cc tiu chun lin quan n nh gi cht lng li

ITU-G.826 Tham s v ch tiu cht lng li cho cc lung v kt ni

s quc t tc bit khng i

Phin bn u tin ca G.826 ra i vo thng 7/1983. Phin bn ny co tn l
Tham s v chi tiu cht lng cho lung s quc t co tc bit khng i
ln hn hoc bng tc c s (1544 hoc 2048 kbit/s)
n thng 12/2002 mt phin bn mi ca G.826 ra i vi tn l Tham s
v chi tiu cht lng cho cc lung v kt ni s quc t tc bit khng i.
Vi phin bn mi ny, G.826 m rng phm vi p dng ca mnh cho c cc
lung/kt ni co tc nh hn tc c s (v vy khuyn ngh G.821 chi
c p dng cho cc kt ni gia cc thit b c sn xut trc 2002)
Cc chi tiu c a ra trong khuyn ngh ny khng ph thuc vo mng vt
l cung cp lung v kt ni. Cc chi tiu ny phi c m bo cho c 2
hng truyn dn ca lung / kt ni v da theo phn b cho lung s quc t
gi nh chun 27500 km..
Vi cc lung s lm vic ti tc bit ln hn hoc bng tc bit c s, cc
chi tiu a ra trong khuyn ngh ny c da trn khi nim o li khi s
dng cc m pht hin li co sn trong lung cn kim tra. Nh o co th thc
hin o trong qu trnh khai thc dch v. Con i vi cc kt ni s co tc
nh hn tc c s ca phn cp s, cc chi tiu a ra da trn khi nim o
li bit v v vy khng h tr vic o trong qu trnh khai thc dch v.
Cc tham s cht lng c a ra bao gm: ESR, SESR, BBER. Thi gian
o cc tham s ny c khuyn ngh l 1 thng.
ITU-T G.828 Tham s v ch tiu cht lng cho cc lung SDH quc

t tc bit khng i
Khuyn ngh ny ra i thng 3/2000 nhm gii quyt cc hn ch ca G.826
khi p dng cho vic nh gi cht lng li ca cc lung SDH. Khc bit ca
G.828 so vi G.826 c th hin cc im sau:
- Cc chi tiu a ra trong khuyn ngh ny c xc nh c th cho tng
lung SDH (trong G.826, cc chi tiu c qui nh cho 1 di tc ).
- Bn cnh cc tham s cht lng nh ca G.826 (ESR, SESR, BBER),
G.828 con a thm tham s SEPI (vi s kin li SEP c nh ngha l

ti: 95-07-KHKT-TC

17

chu k m trong o co ti thiu 3 (nhng t hn 9) SES xut hin lin tip).

Tuy nhin cc gi tr ca tham s ny vn c ITU tip tc nghin cu.
ITU-T M.2110 Ho mng h thng truyn dn, on v lung

Khuyn ngh ny a ra qui trnh ho mng cc thc th truyn dn trong mi

trng co nhiu nh khai thc. Cc thc th truyn dn y bao gm lung,
on v h thng truyn dn. Qui trnh ho mng y c phn bit cho 2
trng hp: i vi h thng co/khng co kh nng gim st trong qu trnh khai
thc dch v (ISM).
Theo khuyn ngh ny ho mng cc thc th truyn dn cn phi thc hin
mt s cc php o. Cc php o ny ghi li s cc s kin cht lng xy ra
trong nhng khong thi gian nht nh v so snh kt qu ny vi cc gi tr
gii hn. Cc gi tr gii hn ny l khc nhau i vi cc s kin cht lng v
vi cc php o khc nhau. Cc php o khc nhau y l php o kim tra
tnh lin tc ca tuyn (thi gian o ti a l 15 pht), o 15 pht, o 2 h v o
24 h phi c p dng cho tng hng truyn dn. Bt c khi no co th, nn
s dng cu hnh o cho cho tng hng truyn dn ring bit (tc l khng
thc hin u vong ti u xa trong qu trnh o).
ITU-T M.2101 - Gii hn cht lng cho ho mng v bo dng

lung v on ghp knh SDH

Trong rt nhiu trng hp, vic o trong thi gian 1 thng l khng th thc
hin c. V vy khuyn ngh M.2101 a ra cc gii hn v cht lng cho
cc khong thi gian o ngn hn, trn c s da theo chi tiu G.826/G.828.
1.1.6 Tiu chun v knh thu ring
EU a ra cc qui nh, mang tnh cht qui phm bt buc p dng cho
cc nc thnh vin v knh thu ring [4][5] s dng trong vin thng: t
knh analog, 64kbit/s, 2048kbit/s v SDH. V knh thu ring SDH, EU p
dng theo 2 tiu chun:
- ETSI EN 301 164: "Transmission and Multiplexing (TM); Synchronous
Digital Hierarchy (SDH); SDH leased lines; Connection characteristics".
Tiu chun ny a ra cc yu cu k thut v cc php o c th v cht
lng knh thu ring cu trc vc-12, vc-2, vc-3, vc-4
- EN 301 165: "Transmission and Multiplexing (TM); Synchronous Digital
Hierarchy (SDH): SDH leased lines; Network and terminal interface
presentation".
ti: 95-07-KHKT-TC

18

Tiu chun ny a ra danh sch cc yu cu mang tnh cht tham chiu n cc

tiu chun khc nh v giao din in/ quang (G.703, G.957), cu trc ghp
knh (G.707)
1.1.7 Cc tiu chun khc
- ITU-T G.781 Cu trc cc khuyn ngh v thit b i vi phn cp s
ng b (SDH)
- ITU-T G.782 Kiu v c tnh chung ca cc thit b SDH
- ITU-T G.783 c tnh ca cc khi chc nng trong thit b SDH
- ITU-T G.784 Qun l SDH
- ITU-T G.832 Truyn ti ca cc phn t SDH trong mng PDH - cu trc
khung v cu trc ghp knh
- ITU-T G.841 Kiu v c tnh ca cc kin trc bo v mng SDH
- ITU-T O.171 v 172 Thit b o rung pha v tri pha cho cc h thng s
da trn phn cp s ng b
- ITU-T O.181 Thit b nh gi cht lng li trn giao din STM-N
1.2 Cc qui / tiu chun ngnh
Bng 1-2 Tiu chun/ Qui chun k thut lin quan n SDH v phc v kt ni
mng
TT

Tn Quy chun k thut

M s

Tnh trng

TCN 68177:1998

ang co hiu
lc v c
xem xt, r
sot chuyn
i sang Tiu
chun VN

V h thng, cng ngh SDH

H thng thng tin quang v vi ba SDH Yu cu k thut

V giao din
2

Giao din quang cho cc thit b v h

thng truyn dn SDH - Yu cu k thut

TCN 68173:1998

Giao din kt ni mng - Yu cu k

TCN 68-

ti: 95-07-KHKT-TC

ang co hiu
lc v c
xem xt, r

19

thut

172:1998

Cc giao din in phn cp s - Yu cu

k thut

TCN 68175:1998

sot chuyn
i sang Qui
chun VN

V ng b v cht lng
5

ng h ch trong mng ng b - Yu
cu k thut

TCN 68171:1998

Li bt v rung pha ca cc ng truyn

dn s - Yu cu k thut v Quy trnh
o kim

TCN 68164:1997

ang co hiu
lc v c
xem xt, r
sot chuyn
i sang Qui
chun VN

V Knh thu ring

7

Giao din knh thu ring cu trc s v

khng cu trc s tc 2048 kbit/s Yu cu k thut

TCN 68225:2004

Knh thu ring cu trc s tc 2048

kbit/s - Tiu chun cht lng

TCN 68226:2004

Thit b u cui kt ni vo mng vin

thng cng cng s dng knh thu ring
tc n x 64 kbit/s Yu cu k thut

TCN 68216:2002

Thit b u cui kt ni vo mng vin

10 thng cng cng s dng knh thu ring
tc 2048 kbit/s Yu cu k thut

TCN 68217:2002

ang co hiu
lc v c
xem xt, r
sot chuyn
i sang Qui
chun VN
ang co hiu
lc v c
xem xt, r
sot chuyn
i sang Tiu
chun VN

1.2.1 Tiu chun TCN 68-177: Yu cu k thut cho h thng thng

tin quang v viba SDH tc 155 Mbit/s, 622 Mbit/s v 2.5 Gbit/s
i vi phn h thng thng tin quang SDH tiu chun ny cp n cc ni
dung sau:
- Qui nh v cu trc ghp knh (da trn khuyn ngh ITU-T G.707)
- Ch tiu giao din vt l
- Chi tiu giao din in (STM-1e) (da trn khuyn ngh ITU-T G.703)

ti: 95-07-KHKT-TC

20

- Chi tiu giao din quang cho cc h thng n knh tc STM-1, STM4, STM-16 vi cc ng dng I, S, L, V, U trn cc si G.652, G.653,
G.655 (da trn cc khuyn ngh ca ITU-T G.957, G.691)
- Chi tiu giao din quang cho cc h thng a knh quang (da trn
khuyn ngh ITU-T G.692)
- Ch tiu v cht lng truyn dn:
- Chi tiu v rung pha v tri pha (da trn khuyn ngh ITU-T G.825)
- Chi tiu v c tnh li h thng (da trn khuyn ngh ITU-T G.826)
- Yu cu v ng b (da trn cc khuyn ngh ITU-T G.811, G.812,
G.813)
- Yu cu v qun l (da trn khuyn ngh ITU-T G.784)
Bn d tho tiu chun ny c r sot chinh sa b sung trn c s kt qu
ti:
R SOT, CHUYN CC TIU CHUN NGNH SANG QUI CHUN K
THUT V TIU CHUN VIT NAM, M s: 95 06 KHKT TC [2]
1.2.2 Tiu chun TCN 68-173: Tiu chun giao din quang cho cc
thit b v h thng truyn dn SDH
Tiu chun ny c xy dng da trn cc tiu chun ca ITU-T G.957 v
ITU-T G.691. Tiu chun a ra cc yu cu, chi tiu k thut cn thit i vi
giao din quang cho cc thit b v h thng thng tin quang SDH s dng trn
mng vin thng Vit nam.
Tiu chun ny chi p dng cho cc h thng n knh quang v trong o mi
hng truyn dn s dng mt si quang. i vi cc h thng co khuch i
quang, tiu chun ny chi p dng cho cc h thng s dng khuch di cng
sut v/hoc thit b tin khuch i.
Cc chi tiu a ra trong tiu chun ny bao gm:
-

Tiu chun giao din quang i vi cc h thng khng s dng khuch

i quang (STM-1, STM-4, STM-16, STM-64) vi cc ng dng I, S, L trn
cc si G.652, G.653, G.654

Tiu chun giao din quang i vi cc h thng co s dng khuch i

quang (STM-4, STM-16, STM-64) vi cc ng dng V, U trn cc si G.652,
G.653, G.654

ti: 95-07-KHKT-TC

21

Bn d tho tiu chun ny c r sot chinh sa b sung trn c s kt qu

ti: R SOT, CHUYN CC TIU CHUN NGNH SANG QUI
CHUN K THUT V TIU CHUN VIT NAM ,M s: 95 06 KHKT
TC [2]
1.2.3 Tiu chun ngnh TCN 68-172:1998 v TCN 68-175:1998 tiu
chun v giao din in kt ni mng
TCN 68-172:1998, Giao di n kt ni mng do Tng cc Bu i n ban hnh
ngy 29 thng 9 nm 1998.
TCN 68-172:1998 quy nh cc yu cu k thut i vi cc giao din tn hiu
s tc 2048 kbit/s v giao din tn hiu ng b 2048 kHz .
Khuyn ngh ny quy nh cc yu cu v giao di n i n/v t l ca phn cp
s.
Khuyn ngh ITU-T G.703 c b sung sa i nm 2001.
TCN 68-175:1998, Cc giao di n in phn cp s do Tng cc Bu i n ban
hnh ngy 19 thng 12 nm 1998
Tiu chun TCN 68-175:1998 trnh by cc yu cu v c tnh in ca cc
ng truyn s tc 64 kbit/s, 2048 kbit/s, 34368 kbit/s, 139264 kbit/s,
155520 kbit/s v 2048 kHz p dng vi mng vin thng Vi t Nam.
Ti liu p dng : ITU-T G.703, Physical/Electrical Characteristics of
Hierarchical Digital Interfaces
Nhom nghin cu ti [3] nghin cu v xut a ra tiu chun/ qui
chun mi trn c s: TCN 68-172:1997 kt hp vi TCN 68-175:1998 v
chuyn i sang dng Quy chun K thut Quc gia: Giao din kt ni mng
Yu cu k thut v in, vt l. B xung thm phn cu trc khung ca cc
giao din.
1.2.4 TCN 68-171:1998, ng h ch trong mng ng b Yu cu
k thut
Tiu chun ng h ch trong mng ng b - Yu cu k thut, quy nh
nhng yu cu ti thiu cho ng h ch cp tn hiu ng b cho mng s.
TC ny do Tng cc Bu i n ban hnh ngy 29 thng 9 nm 1998.
Cc ti liu gc:
- ITU-T G.811, Timing characteristics of primary reference clocks
Khuyn ngh ny a ra nhng yu cu ti thiu cho cc thit b nh thi
c s dng nh cc ng h ch trong cc mng ng b. Cc mng ny bao
gm cc Mng in thoi cng cng (PSTN) v cc mng Phn cp s ng b
(SDH).
Khuyn ngh ITU-T G.811 c xem xt bi nhom nghin cu 13 ca
ITU-T (1997-2000) v c ph chun vo ngy 19 thng 9 nm 1997.

ti: 95-07-KHKT-TC

22

- ETSI EN 300 462-6-1 V1.1.1 (1998-05) Transmission and Multiplexing (TM);

Generic requirements for synchronization networks; Part 6-1: Timing
characteristics of primary reference clocks.
Tiu chun ny a ra nhng yu cu cho ng h tham chiu s cp (PRC)
ph hp cho cung cp ng b ti cc mng s.[3]
1.2.5 TCN 68-164:1997 Li bt v rung pha ca cc ng truyn
dn s - Yu cu k thut v Quy trnh o kim,
TCN 68-164:1997, Li bt v rung pha ca cc ng truyn dn s Yu cu
k thut v quy trnh o kim, c Tng cc Bu i n ban hnh ngy 30 thng
12 nm 1997.
Tiu chun ny p dng cho cc ng truyn dn s PDH (2, 8, 34, 140
Mbit/s), SDH (155, 622, 2500 Mbit/s) v cc u ni chuyn mch s 64 kbit/s
i vi di quy chun.
Tiu chun ngnh TCN 68-164:1997 c s dng o kim, nh gi cht
lng cc ng truyn dn s nhng tiu chun ny cha c cp nht mi.
Hng x l:
- r sot phn yu cu k thut v li bt theo cc ti liu tham chiu mi ca
ITU-T xy dng d tho Quy chun k thut quc gia v li bt ca ng
truyn dn s (p dng cho tuyn truyn dn kt ni mng gia hai doanh
nghip); chuyn i sang khun dng Quy chun k thut v b sung cc quy
nh v qun l.
- S nghin cu cc yu cu k thut v rung pha v tri pha trn c s cc
khuyn ngh mi ca ITU-T, ETSI (nh G.823, G.825) xy dng Quy chun
k thut quc gia v rung pha v tri pha ca ng truyn dn s.
1.2.6 Qui chun/ Tiu chun v knh thu ring
TCN 68-225:2004: Giao din knh thu ring cu trc s v khng

cu trc s tc 2048 kbit/s - Yu cu k thut:

Tiu chun Ngnh TCN 68-225: 2004 Giao din knh thu ring cu trc s v
khng cu trc s tc 2048 kbit/s Yu cu k thut c xy dng da
trn c s chp thun p dng nguyn vn tiu chun ETSI EN 300 418
V1.2.1 (02-2001) ca Vin Tiu chun Vin thng chu u. Nay tiu chun ny
c B Thng tin v truyn thng qui nh l loi Qui chun v giao din
ETSI EN 300 418: Access and Terminal (AT); 2048 kbit/s digital unstructured
and structured leased lines (D2048U and D2048S); Network Interface
Presentation.
Phm vi v i tng p dng

ti: 95-07-KHKT-TC

23

Tiu chun ny quy nh cc yu cu k thut v cc nguyn tc kim tra i vi

giao din mng ca cc knh thu ring tc 2048 kbit/s tr khng 120 , bao
gm:
Knh thu ring khng cu trc s 2048 kbit/s;
Knh thu ring cu trc s 2048 kbit/s co tc truyn tin l 1984 kbit/s.
Tiu chun ny bao gm cc c tnh vt l, c kh v in (tr cc kha cnh
v an ton in, qu p v tng thch in t) ca giao din mng, ng thi
a ra cc php kim tra thch hp i vi thit b cung cp giao din.
Tiu chun ny lm s c cho vic qun l kt ni knh thu ring tc 2048
kbit/s.
TCN 68-226:2004: Knh thu ring cu trc s tc 2048 kbit/s -

Tiu chun cht lng

Tiu chun Ngnh TCN 68-226: 2004 Knh thu ring cu trc s tc 2048
kbit/s Tiu chun cht lng c xy dng da trn c s chp thun p
dng nguyn vn tiu chun ETSI EN 300 419 V1.2.1 (02-2001) ca Vin Tiu
chun Vin thng chu u. Nay tiu chun ny c B Thng tin v truyn
thng qui nh l loi Qui chun v cht lng knh thu ring.
- ETSI EN 300 419: "Access and Terminals (AT); 2 048 kbit/s digital structured
leased lines (D2048S); Connection characteristics
Phm vi v i tng p dng
Tiu chun ny bao gm cc chi tiu cht lng cho knh thu ring cu trc s
tc 2048 kbit/s.
Tiu chun ny l c s C quan qun l Nh nc thc hin vic qun l
cht lng knh thu ring cu trc s tc 2048 kbit/s do cc doanh nghip
cung cp knh thu ring cung cp theo cc quy nh v qun l cht lng bu
chnh, vin thng.
Tiu chun ny l c s cho doanh nghip nh gi cht lng knh thu ring
cu trc s tc 2048 kbit/s .
Tiu chun ny l s c cho cc yu cu v cht lng trong vic kt ni knh
thu ring cu trc s tc 2048 kbit/s trc khi a vo khai thc v s dng.
Qui chun cht lng knh thu ring SDH

Tiu chun cht lng knh thu ring SDH c xy dng da trn cc tiu
chun ETSI EN 301 164 v khuyn ngh ITU khc v a ra cc yu cu c th
cho cc tham s ca knh cu trc vc-12, vc-2, vc-3, vc-4, bao gm:
Dung sai nh thi ca Cng ten n o: bao gm cc yu cu c th v
nh thi ca tn hiu ph hp vi cc tiu chun v ng b, nh thi
trong SDH nh G.813, G.825 hay nh trong TCN 68-164:1997 v TCN
68-177:1998; v v con tr nh G.783

ti: 95-07-KHKT-TC

24

Tr truyn: cc yu cu ti thiu v tr ln nht ca tn hiu truyn

trn knh thu ring c xc nh trn c s yu cu v cht lng dch
v lp trn
Rung pha: cc yu cu ph hp vi cc tiu chun v rung pha ti cc
giao din theo cc chun G.825 hay TCN 68-177:1998 bao gm cc yu
cu: dung sai Rung pha u vo ln nht, Rung pha u ra ca knh thu
ring phi ti thiu p ng yu cu tiu chun ti giao din tng ng
Kh nng truyn ti thng tin: yu cu truyn ti thng tin trong sut
m bo theo cu trc chun ca SDH v a ra cc tn hiu cnh bo ti
thiu phi co khi knh thu ring co s c.
c tnh li: ph hp vi iu kin p dng trng thc t, cc yu cu
c th cho cc tham s c tnh li c xc nh trong thi gian o th
24 gi. Cc yu cu ny c xc nh c th trn c s cc chi tiu
chun o trong 1 thng theo G.826 v cc gii hn o ngn hn theo
M.2100 (TCN 68-164:1997 v TCN 68-177:1998)
Cng vi cc yu cu c th v cc tham s cht lng knh thu ring tiu
chun gc ca ETSI cng a ra cc yu cu v o kim tng ng.
1.3 KT LUN:
Sau khi r sot, nghin cu cc tiu chun ca ITU-T, ETSI, v ca Ngnh co
lin quan, ti i n mt s kt lun nh sau:
Nh vy co th thy cc tiu chun ngnh v mng quang hu ht da
trn cc tiu chun ITU-T v ETSI. Hin nay, cc khuyn ngh ITU-T v ETSI
m cc tiu chun ny p dng v bin son c cp nht v b xung mi.
V B BC_VT v ang tip tc cho r sot v cp nht b sung mi cc tiu
chun ngnh tng ng.
Hin nay cc tiu chun Ngnh lin quan n PDH/SDH bao gm: tiu
chun v giao din quang/ in, tiu chun v cht lng ng b, tiu chun v
h thng, c th:
i vi cc tham s quang ca thit b: tu theo m ng dng thit b
m cn thc hin o v nh gi theo cc khuyn ngh ca ITU-T
G.957 hoc G.691 (tng ng vi tiu chun ngnh TCN 68-173
hoc TCN 68-177)

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25

 i vi cc tham s in ca thit b, h thng: cn c o v nh

gi theo khuyn ngh ITU-T G.703 (tng ng vi tiu chun ngnh
TCN 68-175)
i vi cc tham s rung pha v tri pha ca thit b, h thng cn
c o v nh gi theo cc khuyn ngh ITU-T G.823, G.825
(tng ng vi tiu chun ETSI ETSI EN 302 084 v ETSI EN
300 462-3 )
i vi cc tham s lin quan n ng h ca thit b cn c o v
nh gi theo khuyn ngh ITU-T G.812, G.813 tu theo ng h ca
thit b chi l SEC hay l SSU (tng ng vi tiu chun ngnh
TCN 68-177)
i vi vic o nh gi cht lng li, nn thc hin theo khuyn
ngh ITU-T M.2101 kt hp vi ITU-T G.826 hoc G.828 (trong o
G.828 nn c p dng i vi cc thit b SDH sn xut sau thng
3/2000)
V cc chc nng khc nh chc nng gim st cht lng th cn
c nh gi theo khuyn ngh ITU-T G.783, hot ng chuyn mch
bo v th cn nh gi theo G.841.
ITU-T O.150, O.171/172 v O.181 l cc khuyn ngh yu cu v thit
b o

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26

CHNG 2. NGHIN CU XY DNG TIU CHUN V

RUNG PHA V TRI PHA
2.1 Khi nim chung:
Theo lut Tiu chun v quy chun k thut c Quc hi nc
Cng hoa x hi ch ngha Vit Nam khoa XI, k hp th 9 thng qua ngy
29 thng 6 nm 2006:
Tiu chun l quy nh v c tnh k thut v yu cu qun l dng
lm chun phn loi, nh gi sn phm, hng ho, dch v, qu trnh, mi
trng v cc i tng khc trong hot ng kinh t - x hi nhm nng cao
cht lng v hiu qu ca cc i tng ny.
Tiu chun do mt t chc cng b di dng vn bn t nguyn p
dng.
Quy chun k thut l quy nh v mc gii hn ca c tnh k thut
v yu cu qun l m sn phm, hng ho, dch v, qu trnh, mi trng v
cc i tng khc trong hot ng kinh t - x hi phi tun th bo m
an ton, v sinh, sc khoe con ngi; bo v ng vt, thc vt, mi trng;
bo v li ch v an ninh quc gia, quyn li ca ngi tiu dng v cc yu
cu thit yu khc.
Quy chun k thut do c quan nh nc co thm quyn ban hnh di
dng vn bn bt buc p dng.
2.2 Yu cu c th i vi quy chun k thut v kt ni mng[1]
- Giao din thit b u cui thu bao - mng (v d: giao din 2 dy u
vo mng PSTN)
- Giao din kt ni mng: mt s giao din c bn, thng s dng kt
ni mng vin thng gia cc doanh nghip, bao gm:
+ Giao din in v vt l (bao gm nhng c tnh k thut v in
v vt l (nh G.703); c tnh chc nng ca giao din (nh G.704,
G.706), cc vn an ton v bo v qua giao din (nh in p nguy
him, nguy c bc x).
+ Giao din quang (cc chi tiu k thut v quang, cc vn an
ton v bo v qua giao din).
- Cht lng kt ni (cc chi tiu nh: suy hao tng th, thi gian truyn
dn, ting vng v n nh, mo lng t, chun m ho, mo suy hao,
mo tr nhom, suy hao trc m, xuyn m, li, ...).
2.2.1 Giao din kt ni mng
Giao din kt ni mng l tp hp nhng thng s k thut v th tc, ti
im kt cui mng c s dng cho kt ni cc mng Vin thng vi nhau,
cn thit cho vic cng hot ng v cng nhau cung cp dch v n khch
hng ca cc mng li.
27

2.2.2 Quy chun k thut kt ni mng Vin thng

Quy chun k thut kt ni mng Vin thng l cc ti liu k thut a ra cc
yu cu k thut i vi giao din kt ni mng, cht lng kt ni mng, yu
cu v ng b v bo hiu.
2.2.3 Phm vi quy chun k thut v giao din kt ni mng
Khi nim
Quy chun k thut v giao din kt ni mng l cc ti liu k thut a ra
cc yu cu k thut i vi giao din kt ni mng nhm m bo kh nng
cng hot ng v kh nng cng cp mt dch v n khch hng ca cc
mng li c kt ni. Giao din kt ni mng bao gm:
+ Giao din in v vt l (electrical and physical interface);
+ Giao din quang (optical interface).
- Phm vi cc quy chun k thut v giao din in v vt l
Quy chun k thut v giao din in vt l bao gm nhng c tnh k thut
v in v vt l (nh G.703); c tnh chc nng ca giao din (nh G.704,
G.706).
- Phm vi cc quy chun k thut v giao din quang
Quy chun k thut v giao din quang bao gm nhng c tnh k thut v
quang, cc vn an ton v bo v qua giao din.
2.2.4 Phm vi cc quy chun k thut v cht lng kt ni
Quy chun k thut v cht lng kt ni bao gm nhng yu cu truyn dn
v mc tiu cn t c ca kt ni gia h thng cc nh khai thc, cc
thng s nh: chun m ho, li,
2.3 Xy dng tiu chun Rung pha/tri pha
2.3.1 c im, tnh hnh i tng tiu chun ha
+ Trong nc:
- Hin nay mng vin thng Vi t Nam co nhiu nh cung cp dch v,
vi c kt ni mng khng chi l vn ca m t nh khai thc, m no con lin
quan n vi c cung cp, chia se ti nguyn mng, nhm khai thc v v n
hnh c s h tng thng tin chung m t cch ti u.
- Cc nh khai thc ln nh VNPT, Viettel, EVN trin khai rng khp
cng ngh PDH, SDH/NG-SDH. Cung cp cc giao din kt ni vi khch
hng, v vi nhau theo cc chun vin thng quc t v Vit nam.
- B Thng tin truyn thng ban hnh v ang xy dng mt s tiu chun
nh v:
1. Qui chun quc gia v giao din in, Quang cho cc thit b kt ni
mng SDH da theo khuyn ngh G.703, G.957,G.691 ch yu qui nh
v mc, dng ca xung tn hiu
2. Qui chun v Li bit ca cc ng truyn dn s trn c s r sot
chuyn i TCN 68-164: 1998 v Li bt v rung pha ca cc ng
28

truyn dn s. Phn Rung pha ca TCN 68-164: 1998 do tiu chun

gc thay i nhiu, nn khuyn ngh bin son mi.
3. Qui chun giao din v cht lng knh thu ring 64kbs, 2048kbs
v knh thu ring SDH tc STM-1/4/16: Qui nh cht lng kt
ni
Trong cc Qui chun trn (1,2,3) (cc ti liu tham chiu gc) u tham
chiu n Tiu chun v Rung pha v tri pha trc kia c qui nh
trong TCN 68-164: 1998 (hay Khuyn ngh G.825, G.823)
- Trong cc ti nghin cu v xy dng tiu chun trc y xc
nh: m bo cc thit b s ca nh khai thc kt ni c vi
nhau v tin ti s thng nht, ng b trong qun l cht lng dch
v v mng, cn co tiu chun v Mc, v Cu trc khung v v nh
thi ca tn hiu ti giao din. C th l cn co thm:
+ Tiu chun qui nh v nh thi ca tn hiu ti giao din, bao
gm rung pha v tri pha da theo khuyn ngh ITU-T G.823 cho giao
din PDH 2048 kbit/s v da theo G.825 cho giao din SDH STM-n.
+ Ngoi nc:
- Cc t chc chun quc t nh ITU v ETSI cng mi cp nht cc
tiu chun v phn cp s PDH/SDH chng hn:
* khuyn ngh ITU G.823 The control of jitter and wander
within digital networks which are based on the 2048 kbit/s hierarchy.
* khuyn ngh ITU G.825 The control of jitter and wander
within digital networks which are based on the synchronous digital
hierarchy (SDH)
* tiu chun ETSI EN 302 084: The control of jitter and
wander in transport networks
- Cc hng cung cp thit b PDH/SDH cng u cng b tun th theo
tiu chun/ khuyn ngh ITU v ETSI.
- Cc nh qun l trn th gioi cng la chn v p dng cc tiu chun
ny nh ESTI, EU, IDA singapore, .cho vic p dng v kt ni gia
cc h thng v dch v.
i tng chun ho:
Cc tiu chun/ qui chun Vit nam v quc t mi nht u tham chiu n
cc khuyn ngh G.823 v G.825. Cc tiu chun G.823 v G.824 a ra cc
yu cu v gii hn rung pha v tri pha cho 2 loi giao din/tn hiu:
- Giao din cp tn hiu lu lng, truyn ti dch v: Cc yu cu cho giao
din ny cng c yu cu trong cc qui chun v giao din kt ni, cht
lng kt ni.
- Giao din cp tn hiu ng b: loi giao din ny thng khng c yu
cu trong kt ni lin mng gia cc nh khai thc.
2.3.2 L do v mc ch
L do:

29

Cn b sung thm tiu chun qui nh v thi gian ca tn hiu (rung pha v
tri pha), phc v cho vic trin khai p dng cng ngh, m bo s kt
ni thit b gia cc nh khai thc v cung cp dch v cho khc hng.
Ngoi ra, cc tiu chun v ng b cng cn thit c a ra hng dn
cho cc nh khai thc trin khai trong ni mng.
Vic nghin cu, xy dng tiu ny da trn vic r sot cc tiu chun trong
nc, ng thi r sot da trn cc khuyn ngh quc t, xy dng tiu chun
ph hp vi mng vin thng Vit Nam.
Mc ch:
Xy dng c bn d tho Tiu chun lm s c cho vic nh gi, m
bo kt ni gia cc thit b v gia cc mng da theo phn cp s ( tiu
chun cho kt ni mng); cng nh gia thit b khch hng vi nh cung cp
dch v knh thu ring (tiu chun cho dch v) v cc yu cu k thut cho
nh khai khai thc mng trin khai nng cao cht lng mng li
2.3.3 S c v phng php xy dng tiu chun

Khi xy dng Tiu chun cht lng v Rung pha/ tri pha, nhom ch tr da
trn c s tiu chun ETSI v khuyn ngh ITU v Rung pha v tri pha.
* khuyn ngh ITU G.823 The control of jitter and wander within
digital networks which are based on the 2048 kbit/s hierarchy; 3/2000
* khuyn ngh ITU G.825 The control of jitter and wander within
digital networks which are based on the synchronous digital hierarchy
(SDH); 03/2000
V bn sa li nm 13 August 2001, v b sung ln 1 05/2008
* tiu chun ETSI EN 302 084 V1.1.1: The control of jitter and
wander in transport networks, 2/2000
* tiu chun EN 300 462-3-1 V1.1.1 The control of jitter and wander
within synchronization networks; (1998-05)
vi mt s l do c bn sau:
1. Chng 1 cho thy cc tiu chun Ngnh v Vit nam hin nay u da
theo chun ITU option ETSI
2. Cu trc ca khuyn ngh ITU a ra cc chi tiu cho h thng PDH
(G.823) v SDH (G.825) bao gm c v giao din lu lng v ng
b. Trong khi o ETSI a ra hai tiu chun v giao din lu lng
ETSI EN 302 084 v ng b ETS 300 462-3.
3. Phn tch cc tiu chun cho thy, cc chi tiu k thut trong ETSI EN
302 084 v ETS 300 462-3 tng ng cng co cc chi tiu k thut nh
trong cc khuyn ngh ITU G.823 v G.825. Hai khuyn ngh ny chnh
l bn mi hn v c pht trin, chp thun t cc tiu chun tng
ng do ETSI xut.
4. Cc yu cu v rung pha v tri pha ti giao din mng, dch v phn
tn hiu lu lng c qui nh bt buc trong cc yu cu Qui chun
v giao din in/ quang v knh thu ring trong o tham chiu n
30

G.823/G.825. Do o, cc phn tng ng vi giao din lu lng ca

Tiu chun l bt buc.
5. Tuy nhin, hin nay Vit nam v trn Th gii, gia mng ca cc
nh khai thc mng khc nhau thng hot ng trng thi cn ng
b, tc l khng qui nh bt buc nh khai thc mng ny phi cp
ng b cho thit b ca cc nh khai thc khc.
6. V vy, ti xut xy dng trn c s p dng tiu chun v rung
pha v tri pha phn tn hiu lu lng v ng b cho cc giao din
ang c s dng ph bin hin nay Vit nam nh 64kbps,
2048kbps,... v STM-n. ph hp hn vi thc t v co c b
tiu chun thng nht, ti thc hin thm cc yu cu ngoi
cng nh cc tc : 8 Mbit/s, 34 Mbit/s, 140Mbit/s v STM-256
Trn c s r sot cc tiu chun Vit nam v quc t lin quan n Rung pha
v tri pha, cng nh tham kho cc phng php xy dng cc tiu chun/
qui chun v giao din, kt ni, nhom ti khuyn ngh xy dng Tiu
chun ny theo phng php chp thun ni dung tiu chun G.823 &
G.825; v s dng cc la chn theo phn cp 2048Kbit/s ph hp mng
li v tiu chun ho Vit nam
Tn tiu chun xut l:
GII HN RUNG PHA V TRI PHA TRONG MNG S THEO
PHN CP S NG B (SDH) V PHN CP 2048kbit/s
The control of jitter and wander within digital networks which are based on
the synchronous digital hierarchy and 2048 kbit/s hierarchy
2.3.4 Cu trc Tiu chun

Da tho tiu chun c cu trc theo hng dn tm thi mi nht ca V

KHCN - B thng tin v truyn thng bao gm:
Li noi u
1 Phm vi p dng
2 Ti liu vin dn
3 Thut ng v nh ngha
4 K hiu v thut ng
5 Gii hn mng ca rung pha v tri pha u ra ti cc giao din lu lng
6 Gii hn mng ca rung pha v tri pha u ra ti cc giao din ng b
7 Dung sai rung pha v tri pha u vo ti cc giao din mng
PH LC A - M hnh mng cho gi tr gii hn mng ng b
PH LC B - Tham s v m hnh tham chiu tri pha.
31

PH LC C Tnh ton gii hn tri pha cho mng truyn ti SDH

PH LC D - Phng php o tri pha u ra.
PH LC E - Hng dn o dung sai rung pha v tri pha u vo.
PH LC F - Phng php o rung pha u ra.

32

Bng 2-3 Bng i chiu tiu chun vin dn

TCVN xxx-2009

Ti liu gc:

Sa i, b sung:

G.823, G.825

Chp thun ni dung ca

G.823 v G.825 (loi i
cc option 1544 kbit/s )

1. Phm vi p dng

1./G.823 v 1./G.825

Chp thun v loi i

cc option 1544 kbit/s
cho ph hp

2. Ti liu vin dn

2./G.823 v 2./G.825

Chp thun v thay th

bng cc TCVN, QCVN
hin c

3. Thut ng v nh ngha

3./G.823 v 3./G.825

Chp thun nguyn vn

4. K hiu v thut ng

4./G.823 v 4./G.825

Chp thun nguyn vn

5.1/G.823 v 5.1/G.825

Chp thun nguyn vn

5.2 Gii hn mng ca tri pha u ra

5.2.1 Gii hn tri pha u ra ti giao din 2048 kbit/s

5.2.1/G.823

Chp thun nguyn vn

5.2.2 Gii hn tri pha u ra ti giao din 34368 kpbs

5.2.2/G.823

Chp thun nguyn vn

5. Gii hn mng ca rung pha v tri pha u ra ti cc giao din lu lng

5.1 Cc gii hn mng ca rung pha u ra

33

5.2.3 Gii hn tri pha u ra ti giao din 139264 kpbs

5.2.3/G.823

Chp thun nguyn vn

5.2.4 Gii hn tri pha u ra ti giao din STM-N

5.2/G.825

Chp thun nguyn vn

6. Gii hn ca rung pha v tri pha u ra ti cc giao din ng b

6./G.823

Chp thun nguyn vn

6.1 Cc gi tr gii hn mng cho rung pha u ra ti cc giao din ng b.

6.1/G.823

Chp thun nguyn vn

6.2 Cc gii hn mng cho tri pha u ra ti cc giao din ng b.

6.2/G.823

Chp thun nguyn vn

7.1 Dung sai rung pha v tri pha ca cc giao din lu lng
7.1.1 Dung sai rung pha v tri pha u vo ti giao din 64kbit/s

7.1.1/G.823

Chp thun nguyn vn

7.1.2 Dung sai rung pha v tri pha u vo ti giao din 2048kbit/s

7.1.2/G.823

Chp thun nguyn vn

7.1.3 Dung sai rung pha v tri pha u vo ti giao din 8448 kbit/s

7.1.3/G.823

Chp thun nguyn vn

7.1.4 Dung sai rung pha v tri pha u vo ti giao din 34368 kbit/s

7.1.4/G.823

Chp thun nguyn vn

7.1.5 Dung sai rung pha v tri pha u vo ti giao din 139264 kbit/s

7.1.5/G.823

Chp thun nguyn vn

7.1.6 Dung sai rung pha v tri pha u vo ti giao din STM-N

6.1/G.825

Chp thun nguyn vn

7.2 Dung sai rung pha v tri pha ca cc giao din ng b

7.2/G.823

Chp thun nguyn vn

PH LC A (Qui nh) - M hnh mng cho gi tr gii hn mng ng b

Annex A /G.823

Chp thun nguyn vn

PH LC B (Qui nh) - Tham s v m hnh tham chiu tri pha

Annex B /G.823

Chp thun nguyn vn

PH LC C (Tham kho) Tnh ton gii hn tri pha cho mng truyn ti SDH

Appendix I/G.823

Chp thun nguyn vn

Phc lc D (Tham kho): Phng php o tri pha u ra

Appendix II/G.823

Chp thun nguyn vn

Appendix III /G.823

Chp thun nguyn vn

7. Dung sai rung pha v tri pha ca cc giao din mng

PH LC E(Tham kho): Hng dn o dung sai rung pha v tri pha u vo

PH LC F (Tham kho): Phng php o rung pha u ra

ITU-T O.171/ Appendix

chp thun phn o

34

I/ I.6.1 Output jitter

giao din mng

measurements
Cc ni dung con li ca 2 ti liu gc G.823, G.825 khng c s dng trong TCVN
6.2/G.825 Jitter and

Khng s dng, v ni

wander generation

dung ch tham chiu

6.3/G.825 Jitter and

n Khuyn ngh khc

wander transfer

G.783, G.812 v G.813;

c phm vi cho cc thit
b ring; v dn n b
cc khng ph hp khi
kt hp vi G.823.

Appendix I/G.825
Relationship between

Khng s dng, v l
thng tin tham kho cho

network interface jitter

r v mi quan h cc

requirements and input

tham s rung pha u

jitter tolerance

vo v u ra

Appendix II/G.825

Ging 1 phn ni dung

Measurement

ca Appendix II/G.823;

methodology for output

gp vo ph lc D

35

wander of synchronous
interfaces
Appendix III/G.825
SDH Line systems and

Khng s dng, v l
thng tin tham kho cho

Interworking

r v cc tham s ca

implications

mc 6.2 v 6.3/G.825
trn v khng c
a vo TCVN theo l
do trn.

36

KHUYN NGH P DNG

- Hin nay, chng ta co cc qui chun v giao din vt l v knh thu ring
nx 64, 2048 kbit/s v SDH. Cc qui chun ny u tham chiu n cc yu cu
v rung pha/ tri pha ca tn hiu trong cc khuyn ngh, tiu chun quc t. Do
o, m bo cc thit b s ca nh khai thc kt ni c vi nhau v tin
ti s thng nht, ng b trong qun l cht lng dch v v mng, khuyn
ngh cn co GII HN RUNG PHA V TRI PHA TRONG MNG S
THEO PHN CP S NG B (SDH) V PHN CP 2048kbit/s trn c
s p dng tiu chun, khuyn ngh ITU v ETSI, phc v cho vic trin khai
p dng cng ngh, m bo s kt ni thit b gia cc nh khai thc v cung
cp dch v cho khc hng.
- t c mc tiu v ni dung ca cng, nhom thc hin ti thc
hin:
+ R sot, nghin cu cc tiu chun v Rung pha v tri pha: lm r c
tnh hnh chun ho trn th gii v Vit nam. C th, cc tiu chun Vit
nam c bin son ch yu da theo khuyn ngh ITU v tiu chun ETSI;
+ Tm hiu cc yu cu v qui chun/ tiu chun ca Vit nam v kt ni
mng
+ Xy dng d tho GII HN RUNG PHA V TRI PHA TRONG
MNG S THEO PHN CP S NG B (SDH) V PHN CP
2048kbit/s da trn chp thun nguyn vn khuyn ngh ITU-T G.823,G.825
bao gm cc yu cu ti thiu v Rung pha/tri pha ti giao din u vo,
u ra, v cc phng php o cc tham s cht lng tng ng.
- Cng vi cc qui chun v knh thu ring, v giao din in v quang
PDH/SDH, Nhom ti khuyn ngh p dng d tho tiu chun ny Vit
nam, p ng yu cu qun l Nh nc v nhu cu pht trin mng, dch v
hin ti cng nh trong tng lai Vit nam. C th l:
+ Giao din chi truyn ti dch v, lu lng: Cc yu cu cho giao din
ny cng c yu cu trong cc qui chun v giao din kt ni, cht
lng kt ni knh thu ring. Do o cc yu cu v rung pha v tri pha
cho loi giao din ny co tnh bt buc.
+ Giao din co cp tn hiu ng b: loi giao din ny thng khng
c yu cu trong kt ni lin mng gia cc nh khai thc. Cc doanh
nghip nn s dng cc chi tiu v m hnh tham chiu tng ng
nh gi cht lng mng. Khi co nhu cu cung cp tn hiu ng b gia
cc nh khai thc hoc khch hng, th co th s dng cc m hnh v chi
tiu cho giao din loi ny lm c s nh gi kt ni ng b.
+ Trong qu trnh o kim nh gi cn tun theo cc yu cu v cc
hng dn o trong cc ph lc ca tiu chun v thit b, phng php
o cn m bo theo khuyn ngh ITU-T O.171/172.
ti: 95-07-KHKT-TC

37

PH LC A: Phng php o rung pha/tri pha

Vic nghin cu phng php o cho cc thit b v h thng SDH co th tham
kho mt s cc ti, c th nh sau:
- ti 20-95-KHKT-RD K thut o trong h thng SDH
- ti 139-95-KHKT-RD Nghin cu k thut o th v gim st h
thng SDH n 2,5 Gbit/s
- ti 146-95-KHKT-TC Qui trnh o th nghim thu tuyn thng tin
quang SDH tc 622 Mbit/s v 2.5 Gbit/s
- ti 013-97-TCT-R Nghin cu phng php o nh gi cht lng
cc h thng thit b v tuyn truyn dn quang SDH khi nghim thu v
bo dng
- ti 014-2003-TCT-RDP-VT-62 Nghin cu la chn tiu chun ng
b v xy dng cc bi o kim cht lng ng b mng vin thng ca
VNPT
- ti M s: 078-2004-TCT-TDP-VT-44, NGHIN CU XY DNG
CC BI O KIM HO MNG THIT B U CUI CP QUANG
SDH TRN MNG VIN THNG CA TNG CNG TY
V vy, trong phn ny chng ti chi tom tt mt s l thuyt c bn v nhng
iu cn lu khi thc hin o
A.1 Gii thiu
Rung pha l s iu ch pha gi khng mong mun ca mt tn hiu xung, xut
hin trong truyn dn s v l s bin i nh cc thi im co ngha ca tn
hiu so vi cc thi im l tng ca chng.
Khi rung pha xut hin, thi im chuyn mc ca mt tn hiu s s l sm hn
hoc mun hn so vi tn hiu chun.
Cc tham s c trng cho rung pha ca tn hiu s l bin v tn s. Bin
xc nh tc thi ca xung tn hiu so vi v tr l tng ca no. Tn s th
hin s thay i nhanh chm ca lch tc thi o so vi v tr l tng ca
xung theo thi gian. Nu bin ca dao ng pha theo thi gian l mt tn hiu
co chu k vi tn s ln hn 10Hz, th dao ng ny c coi l nhanh v gi l
rung pha. Trong thc t, th dao ng v pha ny thng khng phi l mt tn
hiu co chu k, v vy cn phi phn tch s co mt ca cc thnh phn ph
trong di ph ca no ln hn hoc nh hn 10 Hz xc nh o l rung pha
hay tri pha
ti: 95-07-KHKT-TC

38

- Cc b lc o rung pha
B lc o rung pha n gin nht co mc ch l t c gi tr bin inhinh UI trn mt di bng tn no o trong mt khong o nht nh. iu ny
co ngha l, co th o c cc dao ng pha ny, thit b phi co nhiu b
lc gii hn bng tn o ca tn hiu. Cc b lc ny c nh ngha trong
cc khuyn ngh ca ITU-T.
UIpp
B1
Bng rng

B2

Bng cao
HP1

HP2

LP

Trong o:
Tc

B1

B2

HP1(Hz)

HP2 (kHz)

LP (kHz)

2 Mbit/s

1.5

0.2

20

18

100

34 Mbit/s

1.5

0.15

100

10

800

140 Mbit/s

1.5

0.075

200

10

3500

STM-1e

1.5

0.075

500 Hz

65 kHz

1.3 MHz

STM-1o

1.5

0.15

500 Hz

65 kHz

1.3 MHz

STM-4

1.5

0.15

1 kHz

250 kHz

5 MHz

STM-16

1.5

0.15

5 kHz

1 MHz

20 MHz

Hnh A-1 Cc b lc o rung pha c nh ngha trong G.823 v G.825

- Khong thi gian o
Nh cp n trong phn trn, php o bin rung pha phi c thc
hin trong mt khong thi gian o nht nh. Khong thi gian o thng
thng l 60 s. Ngoi tr khi o rung pha con tr, kt qu o ph thuc rt nhiu
vo thi gian o. Bi v cc s kin con tr xy ra khng thng xuyn, ri rc,
iu ny lm cho kt qu o co th thay i rt nhiu khi t trng thi khng co
iu chinh con tr chuyn sang trng thi co iu chinh con tr. iu ny cn
phi tnh n khi thc hin php o.
- Cc kiu tn hiu th

ti: 95-07-KHKT-TC

39

Bi v cc tn hiu co kiu khc nhau s co thnh phn ph khc nhau, cho nn

vic la chn tn hiu th s nh hng rt ln n kt qu o. i vi cc giao
din PDH, cc mu tn hiu o c qui nh trong O.151 v c tng kt
trong bng di y:
Bng A-1 Cc mu tn hiu o rung pha cho cc giao din PDH
Stt

Tc (Mbit/s)

Mu tn hiu th

215-1

34

223-1

140

223-1

i vi cc tn hiu SDH, v cc tn hiu ny c trn ngay trc khi truyn

nn khng cn thit chi ra cc mu tn hiu o ring cho cc php o rung pha,
mc d hu ht cc tn hiu o chc chn s l mt s loi ti o co cu trc
(TSS1 - TSS8)
- lch tn s:
Trong mt s php o, co th xem xt trong trng hp xu nht, cn phi
pht tn hiu b rung pha co lch tn s ln ti gi tr dng/m cc i cho
php ti thit b cn o. Bng di y tng kt lch tn cc i i vi cc
tc khc nhau (t cc khuyn ngh G.703, G.813, G.783)
Bng A-2 lch tn cc i i vi cc tc khc nhau
Stt

Tc
(Mbit/s)

lch tn danh nh
(ppm)

50

34

20

140

15

A.2 o Rung pha ti cc giao din ra

Php o ny xc nh bin Rung pha (tnh bng UIpp) xut hin ti cng ra
ca h thng (thit b) SDH. Gii hn cc i ca gi tr ny c qui nh trong
khuyn ngh G.823 v G.825. Gi tr Rung pha ti u ra ny co th sinh ra do
bn thn thit b hoc do rung pha t cc u vo (co th l u vo d liu hoc

ti: 95-07-KHKT-TC

40

u vo ng b) c truyn n u ra ca thit b. Trong trng hp mun

xc nh Rung pha ni ti ca thit b th tn hiu a n thit b phi l tn hiu
khng b Rung pha.
A.3 o rung pha cho php ti giao din u vo
Cc thit b SDH phi c thit k co kh nng chp nhn mt lng Rung
pha nht nh ti u vo m khng gy mt ng b hoc khng to ra bt k
s bt thng no. Kh nng c th hin qua gi tr rung pha cho php ti
giao din u vo thit b (hay con gi l dung sai rung pha). V vy, dung sai
rung pha c nh ngha l bin rung pha ln nht ti u vo ca NE m
khng gy ra bt k s bt thng no v bit hay bt thng no v ng b.
Gi tr ny c qui nh trong khuyn ngh G.823 (PDH), G.825 v G.958
(SDH).
Php o dung sai rung pha c thc hin bng cch chn cc rung pha hnh sin
ti cng u vo. Bin ca rung pha to ra c tng ln cho n khi co s
kin xut hin ti cng ra ca thit b cn o. Qu trnh ny c lp li ti cc
tn s khc nhau. Co 2 cch thc hin php o ny: da trn s bt u xut
hin li bit, v da trn thit thoi v BER. (lu , khi thc hin php o ny
phi ni thit b cn o v thit b o n mt ngun ng b chung trnh xy
ra hin tng dch chuyn con tr trong qu trnh o)
a. Da trn s bt u xut hin li bit (onset of error)
Phng php ny thch hp cho vic o hu ht cc loi phn t mng. Thng
c s dng kim tra xem cc chc nng m v khi phc tn hiu clock
ca NE co hot ng chnh xc hay khng. Php o c thc hin nh sau:
tng bin rung pha cho n khi quan st thy s suy gim cht lng t
n mt ngng nht nh (v d ngng khuyn ngh trong O.171 cho tn hiu
PDH l 2s vi cc bt thng xy ra theo chu k 30s). Ti im ny, gi tr bin
rung pha c ghi li v cho chng ta gi tr rung pha cho php ti u vo
i vi tn s o. Php o c lp li ti cc tn s khc nhau.
b. Da trn thit thi v BER
i vi cc h thng ng truyn (trm lp) th phng php ny thch hp
hn (thng s dng giao din quang). Trong trng hp ny, gi tr rung pha
cho php ti u vo c xc nh khi s suy gim cht lng t n mc
tng ng vi vic gim qu cng sut truyn dn i 1 dB (O.171). Php o
ny c thc hin ti cc tn s khc nhau.
ti: 95-07-KHKT-TC

41

PH LC B: GII THIU MT S THIT B O

B.1 Yu cu chung
Trong qu trnh o nh gi cht lng SDH, cc thit b o c s dng nh
l mt thit b chun so snh khi o kim, m bo tnh tng thch gia cc
thnh phn khc nhau ca h thng. Ngoi ra thit b o cng c s dng
m phng cc iu kin kht khe co th co trong khi trin khai SDH, nht l
trong mi trng co nhiu nh cung cp thit b. V vy, thit b o phi m
bo cc yu cu sau:
-

My o phi m bo cc chc nng khi s dng trong mi trng

PDH/SDH

Co cc chc nng o nhanh v t ng co th thc hin mt chui cc

php o nhanh. Phn mm ca h thng o hin nay co th thc hin cc
php o mt cch d dng v nhanh chong. Ngn ng lp trnh n gin v
d s dng thng l ngn ng hng i tng, cho php lp trnh bng
giao din ho thng qua cc khi, cc modul, biu tng... khc hn vi
ngn ng lp trnh tun t truyn thng rt phc tp

My o co kh nng m rng thm chc nng mt cch d dng, co kh

nng cp nht c cc chi tiu, cc tiu chun nh gi trong tng lai

Co giao din ngi s dng thch hp, d s dng, d nh

Co kh nng lu tr thng tin ln khi thc hin php o trong thi gian
di

Co cu trc modul cho php cc t hp mm deo v kh nng nng cp

m rng c phn cng ln phn mm mt cch d dng.

Hin nay, bn cnh mt s thit b o thc hin cc chc nng n le v d nh

co loi thit b chi thc hin chc nng phn tch khung, co loi thit b chi thc
hin php o BER th co rt nhiu thit b o SDH co th thc hin y cc
bi o SDH nu. co th thc hin y cc bi o ny th thit b o
SDH phi m bo cc chc nng sau:
-

Co kh nng to v phn tch cc tn hiu STM-N co cu trc c qui

inh trong ITU-T G.707

Co kh nng pht cc cu trc tn hiu th khc nhau TSS1- TSS8 theo

nh qui nh trong O.181

ti: 95-07-KHKT-TC

42

Co th thc hin m phng v nh gi cc byte trong SOH/POH

To v phn tch cc bt thng v sai hng

Co kh nng chn li bit B1, B2, B3

To chui th con tr theo G.783 v phn tch hot ng ca con tr

Co kh nng o v nh gi li bit theo G.826, G.828, G.829 v M.2101

Co kh nng to/phn tch tri pha/Rung pha theo ITU-T G.783, G.823,
G.825, O.171, O.172

Bn cnh thit b o SDH l thit b o chnh, trong qu trnh o ho mng thit

b SDH con cn phi co s h tr ca cc thit b o khc o l thit b o cng
sut quang v cc b suy hao quang. i vi cc thit b ny yu cu quan trng
nht l phi co kh nng lm vic ti bc song ca thit b SDH cn o, v yu
cu th 2 ca thit b l di ng ca thit b phi ln.
B.2 Mt s thit b o
Trong phn ny, ti s gii thiu mt s thit b o c s dng trong qu
trnh o nghim thu thit b u cui quang SDH
B.2.1Thit b ANT-20
ATN-20 l thit b do PDH/SDH vi cc c tnh k thut nh sau:
Cc giao din in: Co cc giao din PDH tun theo ITU-T G.703, vi tc
v m ng truyn nh sau:
- 2048, 8448 v 34368 kbit/s:

HDB3

- 139264 v 155520 kbit/s

CMI

- Dung sai tc bit:

co th iu chinh n mc 500 ppm vi
bc iu chinh 0.001 ppm
Giao din quang: tun theo ITU-T G.957
Cu trc tn hiu STM-N:
- Thit b co kh nng to ra tn hiu STM-1N tun theo ITU-T G.707
- Vi cc cu trc tn hiu th tun theo O.181
- Ni dung ca cc byte SOH v POH: ni dung ca tt c cc byte (tr cc
byte B1/B2/B3 v H1H4) l co th lp trnh c tu theo mc ch ca
ngi s dng vi bt k byte hoc chui byte (c chn vo trong
khung STM-N)
Cc ch o t ng:

ti: 95-07-KHKT-TC

43

- Cu hnh t ng: ch ny ANT-20 c t ng thit lp theo tn

hiu u vo.
- Chc nng qut t ng: chc nng ny cho php nhanh cho ngs kimtra
cu trc tn hiu, kiu sp xp c s dng, nhn dng vt v phn ti tin
thm ch ngay c trong trnghp sp xp hn hp
- Chc nng t ng qut s c: chc nng ny cho php kim tra tt c cc
knh C11 hoc C12 qua AU-3 v AU-4 trong tn hiu SDH. B thu ANT20 kim tra cc cnh bo trong tn hiu thu c, cu trc tn hiu SDH v
tt c cc knh. Kt qu (t/khng t) c a ra. Co th hin th lch
s cnh bo chi tit ca tng knh
Cc php o thc hin c:
- Chn v pht hin li bit
- i vi tn hiu SDH: li chn le B1, B2, B3, li tn hiu ng b
khung, MS-REI, HP-REI, li bit trong mu th, li m (cc li n)
hoc li bit vi t l t 2.10-3 10-10
- i vi tn hiu PDH: li bit, li FAS, li m (li n) hoc li bit
vi t l t 10-2 10-9
- Phn tch hot ng con tr. Cc tham s hin th bao gm:
- S ln hot ng con tr: s ln tng, gim, tng (tng + gim)
- Gi tr con tr
- Co kh nng to v phn tch hot ng con tr ti mc AU v TU mt
cch ng thi:
- Hot ng con tr theo G.783 vi bc con tr co th lp trnh
c
- Co th thc hin tng hoc gim con tr
- Co th to ra cc con tr n
- Co th thit lp gi tr con tr
- Hin th s ln hot ng con tr: s ln tng, gim, tng (tng +
gim)
- Hin th gi tr con tr
- o tn s clock: lch tn s clock ca tn hiu u vo so vi gi tr
danh nh c hin th theo ppm

ti: 95-07-KHKT-TC

44

- To v pht hin cnh bo: tt c cc cnh bo uc nh gi v hin th

song song:
- i vi tn hiu SDH: LOS, LOF, HP-PLM, MS-AIS, HP-UNEQ,
HP-RDI
- i vi tn hiu PDH: LOS, LOF, AIS, RDI
- nh gi SOH v POH: thit b ANT-20 co th hin th ton b cc thng
tin trong SOH v POH
- Nhn bit theo di vt lung:
- J0, J1, J2:

chui ASCII 16 byte lp trnh c

- J1, J2:

chui ASCII 64 byte lp trnh c

- H4:

chui 4 hoc 48 byte

- o v nh gi li bit theo ITU-T G.821, G,826, M.2100

- To v phn tch Rung pha theo G.783, G.823, G,825, O.171, O.172. Vi
cc php o co th thc hin c bao gm:
- o v ghi li gi tr rung pha UIpp theo thi gian
- o Rung pha theo gi tr RMS
- o cc gi tr TIE, MTIE, TDEV
- Cc chc nng o t ng:
i. T ng xc nh hm truyn t Rung pha
ii. T ng so snh gi tr dung sai rung pha cc i vi cc mt
n dung sai Rung pha chun ca ITU-T hoc ANSI
iii. T ng to chui con tr o rung pha kt hp
iv. T ng so snh gi tr dung sai tri pha cc i vi cc mt
n dung sai tri pha chun ca ITU-T hoc ANSI
- o cc knh ATM
- To v o li bit (ca AAL-0, AAL-1)
- Phn tch cht lng ATM (t l li t bo, t l mt t bo, tr
truyn dn t bo trung bnh, s thay i tr truyn dn t bo...)
- To v pht hin cnh bo (LCD, VP AIS, VP RDI, VP AIS+ VC
AIS, VC I, VC RDI, VP RDI+VC RDI)
Khong thi gian o:
- Co th thay i c: t 1s n 99 ngy

ti: 95-07-KHKT-TC

45

- Thi im bt u v kt thc o: co th c thit lp nhn cng hoc

t thi gian t ng
Chui tn hiu th: thit b ANT-20 co kh nng to ra cc chui tn hiu th
co cu trc hoc khng co cu trc:
- Chui bit gi ngu nhin: 211-1, 215-1, 220-1, 223-1
- T lp trnh c: 16 bit
B.2.2 Thit b o SF-60 v SFO-60
Thit b SF-60 l thit b phn tch li v o rung pha i vi cc h thng thng
tin s t 48 kbit/s n 175 Mbit/s.
SF-60 c s dng o kim tra i vi cc h thng PDH, SDH v ISDN.
Thit b co SF-60 co th thc hin cc chc nng sau:
- Pht v o Rung pha trong phm vi tc t 48 kbit/s n 175 Mbit/s
- Kim tra chc nng MUX-DEMUX: vic nh gi chc nng ny c
thc hin theo cc tiu chun tng ng ca ITU-T. SF-60 co th pht v
phn tch cu trc khung, cu trc ti tin ca cc tn hiu cn ng b v
ng b
- SF-60 co kh nng to li v cc cnh bo kim tra cc hot ng cnh
bo ca thit b
SFO-60 cng l thit b o SDH co cc chc nng nh phn tch cht lng tn
hiu, kim tra li, rung pha, .... Tuy nhin thit b ny co kh nng cc giao din
co tc t ti STM-4 v STM-16.
B.2.3 HP E1725C.
Thit b o tn hiu ng h HP Agilent E1725C kt hp kh nng ly mu
nhanh vi b nh ln 512K v cc kh nng phn tch tin tin khc. Cc phn
mm i km vi thit b ny cho php cu hnh thit b cho ph hp vi cc ng
dng c th. Vi thit b E1725C, ta co th thc hin cc php o v cc phn
tch trn cc thit b lu tr d liu, o rung pha ca khung SDH/SONET, rung
pha ng h, v cc php o ng b mng khc. HP Agilent E1725C c thit
k ph hp cho vic tch hp vi module o tn hiu ng h HP Agilent
E1740A vi mt my tnh iu khin bn ngoi chy trn nn Windows, trong
o giao din ca Windows s ong vai tro thit lp v iu khin cc tham s.
Ch tiu k thut:

ti: 95-07-KHKT-TC

46

 Hin th ph rung pha theo FFT cho php pht hin li nhanh.
Co kh nng hin th nhiu hnh nh phn tch d liu di nhiu goc
khc nhau.
phn di < 100 ps (gi tr hiu dng).
Di tn s : ln n 150 MHz.
Kch thc b nh: 512K

ti: 95-07-KHKT-TC

47

TI LIU THAM KHO

[1] HNG DN THC HIN TI XY DNG TIU CHUN, V
KHOA HC - CNG NGH
[2] R SOT, CHUYN CC TIU CHUN NGNH SANG QUI
CHUN K THUT V TIU CHUN VIT NAM, M s: 95 06
KHKT TC :
R sot Tiu chun ngnh TCN 68-160:1996: Tiu chun cp
si quang Yu cu k thut
R sot Tiu chun ngnh TCN 68-173:1998: Giao din cho cc
thit b v h thng truyn dn SDH Yu cu k thut
R sot Tiu chun ngnh TCN 68 - 139:1995: H thng thng
tin cp si quang - Yu cu k thut
R sot Tiu chun ngnh TCN 68 - 177:1998: H thng thng
tin cp quang v vi ba SDH -Yu cu k thut
[3] R SOT, CHUYN CC TIU CHUN NGNH SANG QUY
CHUN K THUT V TIU CHUN VIT NAM (NHM BO
HIU, NG B), M S: 93-06-KHKT-TC:
R sot tiu chun ngnh 68-163:1997 H thng bo hiu s 7
Yu cu k thut (phn c s)
R sot tiu chun ngnh TCN 68-163A:1997 H thng bo hiu
s 7 Yu cu k thut (phn MTP)
R sot tiu chun ngnh TCN 68-163B:1997 H thng bo hiu
s 7 Yu cu k thut (phn ISUP)
R sot tiu chun ngnh TCN 68-172:1998 Giao di n kt ni
mng Yu cu k thut
R sot tiu chun ngnh TCN 68-175:1998 Cc giao din in
phn cp s - yu cu k thut
R sot tiu chun ngnh TCN 68-164:1997 Li bt v rung pha
ca cc ng truyn dn s Yu cu k thut v quy trnh o
kim
R sot tiu chun ngnh TCN 68-171:1998 ng h ch trong
mng ng b Yu cu k thut
R sot tiu chun ngnh TCN 68-169:1998 H thng bo hiu
R2 Yu cu k thut
[4] EUROPEAN COMMISSION, Possible Revision of the Commission
Decision on the minimum set of leased lines ,Brussels, 3 March 2004
[5] COMMISSION DECISION (2003/548/EC) of 24 July 2003 on the
minimum set of leased lines with harmonised characteristics and
ti: 95-07-KHKT-TC

48

associated standards referred to in Article 18 of the Universal Services

Directive
[6] Nguyn Minh Dn, V Hong Sn, K thut o trong Thng tin quang,
nh xut bn Bu in, 12-2002.
[7] ti : 078-2004-TCT-TDP-VT-44: Nghin cu xy dng cc bi o
kim ho mng thit b u cui cp quang sdh trn mng vin thng ca
tng cng ty
[8] ti 20-95-KHKT-RD K thut o trong h thng SDH
[9] ti 139-95-KHKT-RD Nghin cu k thut o th v gim st h
thng SDH n 2,5 Gbit/s
[10] ti 146-95-KHKT-TC Qui trnh o th nghim thu tuyn thng tin
quang SDH tc 622 Mbit/s v 2.5 Gbit/s
[11] ti 013-97-TCT-R Nghin cu phng php o nh gi cht
lng cc h thng thit b v tuyn truyn dn quang SDH khi nghim
thu v bo dng
[12] ti 014-2003-TCT-RDP-VT-62 Nghin cu la chn tiu chun
ng b v xy dng cc bi o kim cht lng ng b mng vin
thng ca VNPT
[13] Qui trnh o bo dng thit b FLX 150/600
[14] Jose M. Caballero Installation and Maintenance of SDH/SONET, ATM,
xDSL, and Synchroniztion Network, 2003 Artech House.
[15] G.703
(4/91) Physical/electrical characteristics of hierarchical
digital interfaces.
[16] G.707
(3/96) Network node interface for the synchronous digital
hierarchy (SDH).
[17] G.825
(3/93) The control of jitter and wander within digital
networks which are based on the synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH).
[18] G.826
(1996) Error performance parameters and objectives for
international constant bit rate digital paths at or above the primary rate.
[19] G.957
(7/95) Optical interfaces for equipment and systems relating
to the synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH).
[20] prETS 300 147 (11/96) Transmission and Multiplexing
Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH); Multiplexing structure.

ti: 95-07-KHKT-TC

(TM);

49

[21] ETS 300 166

(1993) Transmission and Multiplexing (TM); Physical
and electrical characteristics of hierarchical digital interfaces for
equipment using the 2048 kbit/s based plesiochronous or synchronous
digital hierarchies.
[22] ETS 300 417-1-1
(1996) Transmission and Multiplexing (TM);
Generic functional requirements for Synchronous Digital Hierarchy
(SDH) equipment, part 1: Generic processes and performance.
[23] ETS 300 417-2-1
(1996) Transmission and Multiplexing (TM);
Generic functional requirements for Synchronous Digital Hierarchy
(SDH) equipment, part 2 : Physical section layer functions.
[24] ETS 300 417-3-1
(1997) Transmission and Multiplexing (TM);
Generic requirements of transport functionality of equipment; Part 3-1:
Synchronous Transport Module-N (STM-N) regenerator and multiplex
section layer functions.
[25] ETS 300 417-4-1
(1997) Transmission and Multiplexing (TM);
Generic requirements of transport functionality of equipment; Part 4-1:
Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) path layer functions.
[26] IEC 874-13
(1993) Connectors for optical fibres and cables - part
13: sectional specification for fibre optic connector - type CF08.
[27] EN 60950 (1992) Safety of
including electrical equipment. .

ti: 95-07-KHKT-TC

information

technology

equipment

50