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    A2.4_86 Welding Symbol

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    A2.4 - 86 Welding Symbol

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    Dwi Mulyaningsih
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    Keywords — Weld Symbols, welding symbols, ANSI/AWS A2.4-93 brazing symbols, nondestructive ‘An American National Standard examination symbols Approved by American National Standard Institute June 19, 1991 Standard Symbols for Welding, Brazing and Nondestructive Examination Superseding ANSI/AWS A2.4-86 Prepared by AWS Committee on Definitions and Symbols Under the Direction of AWS Technical Activities Committee Approved by AWS Board of Directors Abstract This standard establishes a method of specifying certain welding, brazing, and nondestructive examina- tion information by means of symbols. Detailed information and examples are provided for the construc- tion and interpretation of these symbols. This system provides a means of specifying a sequence of welding or brazing operations and nondestructive examination, as well as the examination method, frequency, and extent, American Welding Society 550 N.W. LeJeune Road, 0. Box 351040, Miami, Florida 33135 Statement on Use of AWS Standards All standards (codes, specifications, recommended practices, methods, classifications, and guides) of the American Welding Society are voluntary consensus standards that have been developed in accordance with the rules of the American National Standards Institute. When AWS standards are either incorporated in, or made part of, documents that are included in federal or state laws and regulations, or the regulations of other governmental bodies, their provisions carry the full legal authority of the statute. In such cases, any changes in those AWS standards must be approved by the governmental body having statutory jurisdiction before they can become a part of those laws and regulations. In all cases, these standards carry the full legal authority of the contract or other document that invokes the AWS standards. Where this contractual rela- tionship exists, changes in or deviations from requirements of an AWS standard must be by agreement between the contracting parties. International Standard Book Number: 0-87171-370-5 American Welding Society, 550 N.W. LeJeune Road, P. O. Box 351040, Miami, Florida 33135, © 1993 by American Welding Society. All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America Note: The primary purpose of AWS is to serve and benefit its members. To this end, AWS provides a forum for the exchange, consideration, and discussion of ideas and proposals that are relevant to the welding industey and the consensus of which forms the basis for these standards. By providing such a forum, AWS does not assume any duties to which a user of these standards may be required to adhere. By publishing this, standard, the American Welding Society does not insure anyone using the information it contains against any liability arising from that use. Publication of a standard by the American Welding Society does not carry with it any right to make, use, or sell any patented items. Users of the information in this standard should make an independent investigation of the validity of that information for their particular use and the patent status of any item referred to herein. With regard to technical inquiries made concerning AWS standards, oral opinions on AWS standards may be rendered. However, such opinions represent only the personal opinions of the particular individuals giving them. These individuals do not speak on behalf of AWS, nor do these oral opinions constitute official or unofficial opinions or interpretations of AWS. In addition, oral opinions are informal and should not be used as a substitute for an official interpretation. ‘This standard is subject to revision at any time by the AWS Definitions and Symbols Committee. It must be reviewed every five years and if not revised, it must be either reapproved or withdrawn. Comments (recom- mendations, additions, or deletions) and any pertinent data that may be of use in improving this standard are requested and should be addressed to AWS Headquarters. Such comments will receive careful consider- ation by the AWS Definitions and Symbols Committee and the author of the comments will be informed of the Committee's response to the comments. Guests are invited to attend all meetings of the AWS Defini- tions and Symbols Committee to express their comments verbally. Procedures for appeal of an adverse decision concerning all such comments are provided in the Rules of Operation of the Technical Activities Committee. A copy of these Rules can be obtained from the American Welding Society, 550 N.W. LeJeune Road, P. O. Box 351040, Miami, Florida 33135, Personnel AWS Committee on Definitions and Symbols W. L. Green, Chairman Ohio State University J.J. Vagi, Ist Vice Chairman Babcock and Wilcox ‘AR. F. Kawalek, 2nd Vice Chairman Commonwealth Edison Company E. J. Seel, Secretary American Welding Society J.T. Biskup* Consultant J. LL. Bridgeman Northern States Power Company e@ W. F, Brown* ‘Westinghouse Hanford R. J. Christoffel* General Electric Company Hi. B. Cary Hobart Brothers Company G.B, Coates General Electric Company M.D. Cooper* Consultant R. B. Corbit General Public Utilities Nuclear C.K. Ford Hobart School of Welding Technology J.E. Greer Moraine Valley Community College M. J. Grycko Packer Engineering Associates E.A.Harwart Consultant ) RL. Holdren Welding Consultants, Incorporated A.R. Hollins, Jr. Duke Power Company M. J. Houle* Welding Engineering Services A. J. Kathrens Canadian Welding Bureau G.E. Metzger Wright-Patterson AFB Dz H. Ons* Armco, Incorporated L.J.Siy Automated Dynamics Corporation J.J. Stanczak Steel Detailers and Designers e AWS Subcommittee on Symbols W. L, Green, Chairman Ohio State University L. J. Siy, Vice Chairman Automated Dynamics Corporation J.T. Biskup* Consultant J. L. Bridgeman Northern States Power Company G.B. Coates General Electric Company M.D. Cooper* Consultant C.K. Ford Hobart School of Welding Technology FA, Harwart Consultant A. R. Hollins, Jr. Duke Power Company A.J. Kathrens Canadian Welding Bureau J.J. Stanceak Steel Detailers and Designers *Advisor Foreword (This Foreword is not a part of ANSV/AWS A2.4-93, Standard Symbols for Welding, Brazing, and Nonde- siructive Examination, but is included for information purposes only.) Welding cannot take its proper place as a fabricating tool unless means are provided for coriveying the information from the designer to the welding personnel. Statements such as “to be welded throughout” or “to be completely welded”, in effect, transfer the design responsibility from the designer to the welder, who cannot be expected to know design requirements, ‘These symbols provide the means for placing welding, brazing, and examination information on draw- ings. The system for symbolic representation of welds on engineering drawings used in this standard is, consistent with the “third angle” method of projection. This is the method predominately used in the United States. In practice, many companies will need only a few of the symbols and, if they desire, can select only the parts of the system that fit their needs. In the past, the use of the words, “far side” and “near side” in the interpretation of welding symbols has led to confusion because when joints are shown in section, all welds are equally distant from the reader and the words “near” and “far” are meaningless. In the present system, the joint is the basis of reference. Any welded joint indicated by a symbol will always have an “arrow side” and an “other side”. Accordingly, the terms arrow side, other side, and both sides are used herein to locate the weld with respect to the joint. The tail of the symbol is used for designating the welding and cutting processes, as well as the welding, specifications, procedures, or the supplementary information to be used in making the weld, When only the ¢ and type of weld are specified, the information necessary for making that weld is limited. The process, identification of filler metal that is to be used, whether pening, root gouging, or other operations are required, and other pertinent data, should be known. The notation to be placed in the tail of the symbol indicating these data will usually be established by each user. IF notations are not used, the tail of the symbol may be omitted. Symbols in this publication are intended to be used to facilitate communications among designer, shop, and fabrication personnel. The usual limitations included in specifications and codes are beyond the scope of this standard. Illustrations included with the text are intended to show how correct applications of symbols may be used to convey welding or examination information and are not intended to represent recommended welding or design practice. Part B, Brazing Symbols, uses the same symbols for brazing that are used for welding . Part C, Nondestructive Examination Symbols, establishes symbols to be used on drawings to specily nondestructive examination for determining the soundness of materials. The nondestructive examination symbols included in the standard represent nondestructive examination methods as discussed in the latest edition of AWS publication B1.10, Guide for the Nondestructive Inspection of Welds. Definitions and details for use of the various nondestructive examination methods are found in AWS BI.10. AWS A2.4 came into existence in 1976 as the result of combining and superceding two earlier documents, A2.0, Standard Welding Symbols, and A2.2, Nondestructive Testing Symbols. Both of the earlier documents had their origins in work done jointly by the American Welding Society and ASA Sectional Committee 32. A2.0 was first published in 1947 and revised in 1958 and 1968; A2.2 first appeared in 1958 and was revised in 1969, AWS A2.4-76, Symbols for Welding and Nondestructive Testing, was the first version of the combined documents and was prepared by the AWS Committee on Definitions and Symbols, It was revised in 1979 as, A2.4-79, Symbols for Welding and Nondestructive Testing, Including Brazing and revised again in 1986 with the title, Standard Symbols for Welding’. Brazing and Nondestructive Examination. ANSUAWS A2.4-92 is the first revision of the 1986 document and has the same title. Users of this standard are invited to suggest additional symbols or revisions for consideration by the committee. Correspondence relating to this standard should be addressed to the Secretary, Committee on Definitions and Symbols, American Welding Society, 550 N.W. LeJeune Road, P.O. Box 351040, Miami, Florida 33135. ) Personnel 060-04 Foreword ... List of Tables List of Figures Part A — Welding Symbols . 2, 3. Table of Contents . Basic Symbols ..... I.I Distinction Between Weld Symbol and Welding Symbol 1.2 Weld Symbols . : a 1.3 Welding Symbols . . 1/4 Supplementary Symbols . 1.5 Placement of Welding Symbol... 1.6 Illustrations. ca Basic Types of Joints... General Provisions .....- : 3.1 Location Significance of Arrow 3.2 Location of Weld with Respect to Joint - 33 Orientation of Specitie Weld Symbols... 3.4 Break in Arrow. . 3.5 Combined Weld Symbols... 3.6 Multiple Arrow Lines . 3.7 Multiple Reference Lines . . 3.8 Field Weld Symbol 3.9 Extent of Welding Denoted by Symbols 3.10 Weld-All-Around Symbol « 3.11 Tail of the Welding Symbol... 3.12 Contours Obtained by Welding ... 3.13 Finishing of Welds . 3.14 Melt-Through Symbol...» 3115 Melt-Through with Flange Welds 3.16 Method of Drawing Symbols 3.17 ULS, Customary and Metric Units 3.18 Weld Dimension Tolerance. . Groove Welds : eee Aisebonoe ope ceces ans 2 4.1 General... fo pods ce 2 4.2 Depth of Bevel and Groove Weld Size 2 4,3. Groove Dimensions 23 4.4 Contours and Finishing of Groove Welds 24 4.5 Back and Backing Welds. 24 4.6 Joint with Backing .. 25 4.7 Joint with Spacer 25 4.8 Consumable Inserts... 26 4.9 Groove Welds with Back Gouring 26 4.10 Seal Welds 26 4.11 Skewed Joints, 26 5. Fillet Welds 46 5.1 General. . 46 5.2 Size of Fillet Welds... 46 5.3 Length of Fillet Welds 46 5.4 Intermittent Fillet Welds 47 5.5 Fillet Welds in Holes and Slots : 47 5.6 Contours and Finishing of Fillet Welds . 41 5.7 Skewed Joints os 47 6. Plug Welds . st 6.1 General 31 6.2 Plug Weld Size |. 31 6.3 Angle of Countersink 3 6.4 Depth of Filling .. 31 6.5 Spacing of Plug Welds .- 32 6.6 Number of Plug Welds 32 6.7 Contours and Finishing of Plug Welds . 32 6.8 Joints Involving Three or More Members 32 7. Slot Welds 56 71 General. 56 7.2 Width of Slot Welds «21.2 36 7.3 Length of Slot Welds : 56 7-4 Angle of Countersink 56 75 Depth of Filling... 7 7.6 Spacing of Slot Welds 37 7.7 Number of Slot Welds . ey 1.8 Location and Orientation of Slot Welds . 37 7.9 Contours and Finishing of Slot Welds 37 8. Spot Welds oo 60 8.1 General... SS 60 8.2 Size or Strength of Spot Welds . : 60 8.3 Spacing of Spot Welds 60 8.4 Number of Spot Welds 6) 8.5 Extent of Spot Welding. : 61 8.6 Contours and Finishing of Spot Welds Soe oboe ccnuene rena 61 8.7 Multipie-Member Spot Welds . 9, Seam Welds. 9.1 General 2 Size and Strength o! Length of Seam Welds 9.4 Dimensions of Intermittent Seam Welds 9.5 Number of Seam Welds 9.6 Orientation of Seam Welds. 9.7 Contours and Finishing of Seam Welds - 9.8 Multiple-Member Seam Welds sam Welds 10, Flange Welds . Te 12, Surfacing Welds. Part B— Brazing Symbols ..... 13, Brazed Joints... 66... 0665 Part C — Nondestructive Examination Symbols . . 14, 15, General Provisions 16. Supplementary Symbols 7, 18. Location, Orientation and Extent of Nondestruc Welding Symbols Chart .......+ ) Definitions and Symbols ‘Document List 10.1 General... .seeeee resets 10.2 Dimensions of Flange Welds . 10.3 Multiple-Member Flange Welds Stud Welds .... 066+ ILI Side Significance. 11.2 Stud Size....... 11.3 Spacing of Stud Welds . . 11.4 Number of Stud Welds . 11.5 Dimension Location . 11.6 Location of First and Last Stud Welds 12.1 Use of Surfacing Weld Symbol .:.. 12.2 Size (Thickness) of Surfacing Welds . . 12.3 Extent, Location and Orientation of Surfacing Welds . 12.4 Surfacing a Previous Weld ....... 7 12.5 Surfacing to Adjust Dimensions Elements of the Nondestructive Examination Symbol .... 14.1 Examination Method Letter Designations 14.2 Supplementary Symbols 143 Standard Location of Elements of a Nondestructive Examination Symbol - 15.1 Location Significance of Arrow .- 15.2 Location of Letter Designations . . 15.3 U.S, Customary and Metric Units .. 16.1 Examine-All-Around. 16.2 Field Examinations. . 16.3 Radiation Direction Specifications, Codes and References /e Examination, Arne 18.1 Specifying Length of Section to be Examined 18.2 Number of Examinations . . 18.3 Examinations of Areas Appendices A. Design of Standard Symbols (Inches) - AM. Design of Standard Symbols (Millimeters) B. Commentary on AWS A2.4......+ 3B B B 14 1 1 n 7 n n 1 n 1 B 3B 8 B 8 8 92-94 95-97 98, 99 100, 101 =. (lnside back cover) Table waune List of Tables Letter Designations of Welding and Allied Processes and Their Varia Alphabetical Cross Reference to Table | by Process : Alphabetical Cross Reference to Table | by Letter Designation . Suffixes for Optional Use in Applying Welding and Allied Processes . Obsolete or Seldom Used Processes . List of Figures Weld Symbols Standard Location of Elements of a Welding Symbol Supplementary Symbols Basic Joints Application of Arrow and Other Side Convention . Applications of Break in Arrow of Welding Symbol Combinations of Weld Symbols ...... Specification of Location and Extent of Fillet Welds . Specification of Extent of Welding .... oe Applications of “Typical” Welding Symbols ............ Applications of Melt-Through Symbol . ..:. Specification of Groove Weld Size; Depth of Bevel Not Specified - Application of Dimensions to Groove Weld Symbol ...... Groove Weld Size “(E)” Related to Depth of Bevel “S” . Specification of Groove Weld Size and Depth of Bevel. Specification of Groove Weld Size Only.........++ Combined Groove and Fillet Welds Complete Joint Penetration With Joint Geometry Optional Partial Joint Penetration With Joint Geometry Optional . . Applications of Flare-Bevel and Flare-V-Groove Weld Symbols. . . Specification of Root Opening of Groove Welds . Specification of Groove Angle of Groove Welds. .... Applications of Flush and Convex Contour Symbols . Applications of Back or Backing Weld Symbol. Joints With Backing or Spacers ...........00 Application of the Consumable Insert Symbol « Groove Welds With Back Gouging . Skewed Joint . Sorc ge (ccucoc a eer oussaocstanctns Specification of Size and Length of Fillet Welds. Applications of Intermittent Fillet Weld Symbols. Applications of Fillet Weld Symbol .... Applications of Plug Weld Symbol . Applications of Information to Plug Weld Symbols . Applications of Slot Weld Symbol Applications of Information to Slot Weld Symbols Applications of Spot Weld Symbol Applications of Projection Weld Symbol Applications of Information to Spot Weld Symbol Multiple Member Spot Weld. : Applications of Seam Weld Symbol ....... Applications of Information to Seam Weld Symbol - Multiple Member Seam Weld . Applications of Flange Weld Symbols ‘Two, Three, and Four Member Flange Welds . . Applications of Stud Weld Symbol ........ Applications of Surfacing Weld Symbol . Applications of Brazing Symbols . Standard Location of Elements... 28, 29 35, 36 43, 44 54, 55 ae Standard Symbols for Welding, Brazing and Nondestructive Examination - Part A Welding Symbols 1, Basic Symbols 1.1 Distinction Between Weld Symbol and Welding Symbol. This standard makes a distinction be- tween the terms weld symbol and welding symbol. ‘The weld symbol indicates the type of weld and, ‘when used, is a part of the welding symbol. 1.2 Weld Symbols. Weld symbols shall be as shown in Figure 1. The symbols shail be drawn “on” the reference line (for illustrative’ purposes shown dashed), 1.3 Welding Symbols. The welding symbol con- sists of several elements. Only the reference line and arrow are required elements. Additional ele- ments may be included to convey specific welding information, Alternatively, welding information may be conveyed by other means such as by draw- ing notes or details, specifications, standards, codes, or other drawings which eliminates the need to include the corresponding elements in the weld- ing symbol. All elements, when used, shall have specific locations within the welding symbol as shown in Figure 2. Mandatory requirements re- garding each element in a welding symbol refer to the location of the element and should not be inter- preted as a necessity to include the element in ev- ery welding symbol. 1.4 Supplementary Symbols. Supplementary sym- bols to be used in connection with welding symbols shall be as shown in Figure 3. 1.5 Placement of Welding Symbol. The arrow of the welding symbol shall point to a line on the drawing which conclusively identifies the proposed joint. It is recommended that the arrow point to a solid line (object tine, visible line); however, the ar- row may point to a dashed line (invisible, hidden Hine), 1.6 Mlustrations. Examples given, including dimensions, are illustrative only and are intended to demonstrate the proper application of prin- ciples, They are not intended to represent design practices, or to replace code or specification requirements. souane | scarF v le a runev | FLARE-BEvEL ---LL. ZZ a mo wor max race rust | “on | ono | on | soo | on |ounracns e or rncuecT0N sacar oO. - : seHbsa NOTE: THE REFERENCE LINE IS SHOWN DASHED FOR ILLUSTRATIVE PURPOSES. --KJ. “pf oe ee or Figure 1 — Weld Symbols GROOVE ANGLE: INCLUDED ANGLE ‘OF COUNTERSINK FOR PLUG WELDS FISH SYMBOL, CONTOUR SYMBOL ROOT OPENING: DEPTH OF FLUNG (GROOVE WELD SIZE FOR PLUG ANO SLOT WELDS Leaner oF wep DEPTH OF BEVEL: SIZE OR PITCH (CENTER-TO-CENTER STRENGTH FOR GERTAN WELDS Spacing) OF weLDs SPECIFICATION, ore PROCESS.OR ieee OTHER REFERENCE WELDALL AROUND SYMBOL + a N) ee eae wea ae ce eee ELEMENTS IN THIS AREA REMAIN AS SHOWN WHEN TAIL AND ‘ARROW ARE REVERSED Figure 2 — Standard Location of Elements of a Welding Symbol CoNsumABLE] BACKING ‘CONTOUR, WELD ALL MELT OR, FIELD WELD INSERT FLUSH ‘AROUND, THROUGH SPACER fans [comes feoncnve (square) |(Recrancte) | FLAT. Pee OG = Figure 3 — Supplementary Symbols 4 2. Basic ‘Types of Joints ‘The basic types of joints are shown in Figure 4, 3. General Pro’ ‘ions 3.1 Location Significance of Arrow. Information applicable to the arrow side of a joint shall be placed below the reference line. Information appli- cable to the other side of a joint shall be placed above the reference line, OTHER SIDE ‘ARROW SIDE ARROW SIDE OTHER SIDE OTHER SIDE ‘ARROW SIDE OTHER SIDE ‘ARROW SIDE OTHEA SIDE "ARROW SIDE ARROW SIDE OTHER SIDE 3.1.1 Fillet, Groove and Flange Weld Symbols. For these symbols, the arrow shall connect the welding symbol reference line to one side of the Joint, and this side shall be considered the arrow side of the joint. The side opposite the arrow side of the joint shall be considered the other side of the joint (see Figure 5). 3.1.2 Plug, Slot, Spot, Projection and Seam Weld ‘Symbols. For these symbols, the arrow shall con- nect the welding symbol reference line to the outer surface of one of the joint members at the center- line of the desired weld. The member toward which the arrow points shall be considered the arrow side member. The other joint member shall be consi ered the other side member (see Figures cited sections 6 to 9 inclusive). 3.1.3 Symbols with No Side Significance. Some weld symbols have no arrow-side or other-side si nificance, although supplementary symbols used in conjunction with them may have such significance (ee 8.1.2, 8.1.4, and Tables | and 2). —O” Lee oI, 3.2 Location of Weld with Respect to Joint « 3.2.1 Arrow Side. Welds on the arrow side of the joint shail be specified by placing the weld sym- bol below the reference line (see 3.1.1). Ze Henee 4 KAY 5 3.2.2 Other Side. Welds on the other side of the _comer-flange weld symbols shall be drawn with the joint shall be specified by placing the weld symbol _ perpendicular leg always to the left above the reference line (see 3.1.1). . oN wy ; JN __/ 3.2.3 Both Sides. Welds on both sides of the joint shall be specified by placing weld symbols both below and above the reference line directly opposite each other. Staggered intermittent fillet welds are the exception (see 3.1.1 and 5.4.4). 3.4 Break in Arrow. When only one joint member is to have a bevel, J-groove, or flange the arrow shall have a break, and point toward that member Gee Figure 6). The arrow need not be broken if it is obvious which member is to have a bevel, J-eroove, or flange. It shall not be broken if there is no preference as to which member is to have a bevel, J-groove, or flange 3.3 Orientation of Specific Weld Symbols. Fillet, 2 ) bevel-groove, J-groove, flare-bevel-groove, and 6 3.5 Combined Weld Symbols. For joints requiring more than one weld type, a symbol shall be used to specify each weld (see Figure 7). pa 3.6 Multiple Arrow Lines. Two or more arrows may be used with a single reference line to point to locations where identical welds are specified [see Figures 9, 10, and 43(B)}. oe 3.7 Multiple Reference Lines 3.7.1 Sequence of Operations. Two or more ref erence lines may be used to indicate a sequence of 3rd OPERATION 2nd OPERATION 1st OPERATION 2nd ars operations. The first operation is specified on the reference line nearest the arrow. Subsequent opera- tions are specified sequentially on other reference lines. 3.7.2 Supplementary Data. The tail of addi- tional reference lines may be used to specify data supplementary to welding symbol information. PROCESS DATA, (costD) DATA, 3.7.3 Field Weld and Weld All-Around Symbols. When required, the weld-(or examine-) all-around symbol shall be placed at the junction of the arrow and reference line for each operation to which it is applicable, The field weld symbol may also be.ap- plied to the same location. ur. 3.8 Field Weld Symbol. Field welds (welds not made in a shop of at the place of initial construe- tion) shail be specified by adding the field weld symbol. The flag shall be placed at a right angle to, and on either side of, the reference line at the junc- tion with the arrow (see Appendix B3.8). 3.9 Extent of Welding Denoted by Symbols 3.9.1 Weld Continuity. Unless otherwise indi- cated, welding symbols shall denote continuous welds. 3.9.2 Changes in the Direction of Welding. Sym- bols only apply between any changes in the direc- tion of welding, or to the extent of hatching or dimension lines (see Figure 8), except when the weld-all-around symbol is used (see Figure 9B), (©), (D) and (E)}. Additional welding symbols or multiple arrows shall be used to specify the welds required for any changes in direction. When it is desirable to use multiple arrows on a welding sym- bol, the arrows shall originate from a single refer- ence line [see Figure 9(A)} or from the first reference line in the case of a multiple reference line symbol. 3 Hidden Members. When the welding of a len member is the same as that of a visible member, it may be specified as shown below. If the welding of a hidden member is different from that of a visible member, specific information for the welding of both shall be specified. If needed for clarification, auxiliary illustrations or views sball be provided, ANGLES. TYPICAL Born ANGLES 3.9.4 Weld Location Specified. A weld, with a length less than the available joint length whose lo- cation is significant, shall have the location speci- fied on the drawing [see Figure 8(C)). 3.9.5 Weld Location Not Specified. A weld, with a length less than the available joint length and not critical regarding location, may be specified with- out indicating the location as shown in Figure 8(D). 3.10 Weld-All-Around Symbol 3.10.1 Welds in Multiple Directions or Planes. A continuous weld, whether single or combined type, extending around a seties of connected joints may be specified by the addition of the weld-all- around symbol at the junction of the arrow and ref- erence line. The series of joints may involve differ- ent directions and may lie in more than one plane [see Figure 9(B), (C), (D), (E) and Appendix B3.10.1). 3.10.2 Circumferential Welds. Welds extending around the circumference of a pipe are excluded from the requirement regarding changes in direc- tion and do not require the weld-all-around symbol to specify a continuous weld, 3.11 Tail of the Welding Symbol 3.11.1 Welding and Allied Process Specification, ‘The welding and allied process to be used may be specified by placing the appropriate letter designa- tions from Table | or Table 2 in the tail of the weld- ing symbol. An auxiliary suffix from Table 3 may be used. (Tables are at the end of text.) GTAWAU, 3.11.2 References. Specifications, codes or any other applicable documents may be specified by placing the reference in the tail of the welding sym- bol. Information contained in the referenced docu- ment need not be repeated in the welding symbol. 3.11.3 Welding Symbols Designated Typical. Repetitions of identical welding symbols on a drawing may be avoided by designating a single welding symbol as typical and pointing the arrow to the representative joint (see Figure 10). The user shall provide additional information to completely identify all applicable joints (see Appendix 83.1.3). Ve spices 3.11.4 Designation of Special Types of Welds. When the basic weld symbols are inadequate to in- dicate the desired weld, the weld shall be specified by a cross section, detail, or other data with a reference thereto in the tail of the welding symbol This may be necessary for skewed joints (see 4.11 and 5.7). we \ nose 3.115 Omission of Tail. When no references are required, the tail may be omitted from the welding, symbol. aa 3.11.6 Drawing Notes. Drawing notes may be used to provide information pertaining to the welds. Such information need not be repeated in the welding symbols. 3.12 Contours Obtained by Welding. Welds to be made with approximately flush, flat, convex, or concave contours without the use of mechanical finishing shall be specified by adding the flush or flat, convex, or concave contour symbol to the welding symbol. 3.13.1 Contours Obtained by Finishing. Weids to be mechanically finished approximately flush, flat, convex, or concave shall be specified by add- ing the appropriate contour symbol and the finish- ing symbol. 3.13.2 Finishing Methods. The following fin- ishing symbols may be used to specify the method of finishing, but not the degree of finish: C~ CHIPPING = GAINDING H~ HAMMERING M= MACHINING FL ROLLING oo G 3.13.3 Finishing Method Unspecified, Welds to be finished approximately flush, flat, convex, or concave with the method unspecified shall be indi- cated by adding the letter “U" to the appropriate contour symbol. Se v 3.14 Melt-Through Symbol. The melt-through symbol shall be used only when complete joint pen- tration plus visible root reinforcement is required in welds made from one side (see Figure 11). 3.14.1 Melt-Through Symbol Location, The melt-through symbol shall be placed on the side of the reference line opposite the weld symbol (see Figure 11), 3.14.2 Melt-Through Dimensions. The height of root reinforcement may be specified by placing the required dimension to the left of the melt- through symbol (see Figure 11). The height of root reinforcement may be unspecified. 3.15 Melt-Through with Flange Welds 3.15.1 Melt-Through with Edge-Flange Welds. Edge-flange welds requiring complete joint pene- tration shall be specified by the edge-flange weld symbol with the melt-through symbol placed on the opposite side of the reference line. The same welding symbol is used for joints either detailed or not detailed on the drawing (see Figure 11). 5 3.15.2 Melt-Through with Corner-Flange Welds. ‘Corner-flange welds requiring complete joint pene- tration shall be specified by the comner-flange weld symbol with the melt-through symbol placed on the opposite side of the reference line. A broken arrow shall point to the member to be flanged where the Joint does not give this information (see Figure ! !) 3.16 Method of Drawing Symbols. Symbols may be drawn mechanically, electronically or freehand. Symbols intended to appear in publications or to be of high precision should be drawn with dimen- sions and proportions given in Appendix A. 3.17 U.S. Customary and Metric Units. The same system that is the standard for the drawings shall be used on welding symbols. Dual units shall not be used on welding symbols. If it is desired to show conversions from metric to U.S. customary, or vice versa, a table of conversions may be included on the drawing. For guidance in drafting standards, reference is made to ANSI Y14, Drafting Manual. For guidance on the use of metric (SI) units, refer- ence is made to ANSI/AWS AL.1, Metric Practice Guide for the Welding Industry. 3.18 Weld Dimension Tolerance. When a toler- ance is applicable to a weld symbol dimension, it shall be shown in the tail of the welding symbol with reference to the dimension to which it applies, or the tolerance shall be specified by a drawing note, code, or specification. FILLETLEG + 18 wm rouse 70 2s _/ SEGMENT ison fe TOLERANCE BUTT JOINT TyONT Ue JOINT EDGE JOINT Figure 4 — Basic Joints ( WELD CROSS SECTION ‘SYMBOL (A) AAROW-SIDE V-GROOVE WELD SYMBOL, — \Z WELD CROSS SECTION ‘SYMBOL, (6) OTHER-SIDE V-GROOVE WELD SYMBOL x) WELD CROSS SECTION SYMBOL (C) BOTH SIDES V-GROOVE WELD SYMBOL Figure 5 — Application of Arrow and Other Side Convention WELD CROSS SECTION SYMBOL (4) ARROW SIDE e WELD CROSS SECTION SYMBOL (8) OTHER SIDE : —K- i WELD CROSS SECTION SYMBOL {C) BOTH SIDES Figure 6 — Applications of Break in Arrow of Welding Symbol ‘WELD CROSS SECTION iF ‘SYMBOL, (A) BACK OR BACKING, SINGLE-J-GROOVE AND FILLET WELD SYMBOLS 3 T WELD CROSS SECTION : SYMBOL : (®) DOUBLE-BEVEL-GROOVE AND FILLET WELD SYMBOLS T WELD GROSS SECTION eS SYMBOL {C) SINGLE-BEVEL-GROOVE AND DOUBLE FILLET WELD SYMBOLS Figure 7 — Combinations of Weld Symbols 4 WELD CROSS SECTION SYMBOL (0) DOUBLE-SQUARE-GROOVE AND DOUBLE FILLET WELD SYMBOLS. 2 Figure 7 (continued) — Combinations of Weld Symbols a ee ol pre iretire 4 1H HH Es weios 2 symBo.s wie 725 Tal (0) COMBINED NTERMITTENT ANO CONTINUOUS WELDS (ONE SDE OF OR @ Figure 8 — Specification of Location and Extent of Fillet Welds -E a VA SYMBOLS (8) COMBINED INTERMITTENT AND CONTINUOUS WELDS (BOTH SIDES OF JOINT) WELDS. SYMBOLS (C) WELDS DEFINITELY LOCATED A Re | WELDS ‘SYMBOLS nA (0) WELDS APPROXIMATELY LOCATED. Figure 8 (continued) — Specification of Location and Extent of Fillet Welds Lal Lal WeLos SYMBOLS WELDS SYMBOLS SS ) wetos SYMBOLS (A) WELDS WITH ABRUPT CHANGES IN DIRECTION Figure 9 — Specification of Ex tent of Welding fc SS on weLDs. Ay weLDS weLDs ‘SYMBOL (8) APPLICATION OF WELD-ALL-AROUND SYMBOL Figure 9 (continued) — Specification of Extent of Welding ” ( SECTION A-A WeLos SYMBOL, {C) WELD IN SEVERAL PLANES Tr weLo ‘SYMBOL, {0) WELD AROUND A SHAFT | O : ° SYMBOL weLo (E) SEAL WELD Figure 9 (continued) — Specification of Extent of Welding 38 “Typ EACH END TWO FLANGES Typ 4 wa PAIR STIFFENERS a Z SECTION AA ns ens K<« 0TH FLANGES Figure 10 — Applications of “Typical” Welding Symbols 20 30 sy N (A) SQUARE-GROOVE WELD ‘SYMBOL @ |: U fs [IB WELD CROSS SECTION SYMBOL (8) SINGLE-BEVEL-GROOVE WELD SOF 30 on KS | ‘WELD CROSS SECTION SYMBOL, (C) SINGLE-V-GROOVE WELD ZA MEDED FROM TH SOE WELD GROSS SECTION SYMBOL (0) EDGE-FLANGE WELD wet Fao e = fa JOWNT DETAILED 7 ‘WELD CROSS SECTION JOINT NOT DETALED (€) CORNER-FLANGE WELD Figure 11 — Applications of Melt-Through Symbol 4, Groove Welds 4.1 General 4.1.1 Single-Groove Dimensions, Groove weld dimensions shall be specified on the same side of the reference line as the weld symbol (see Figure 12 (A) and (PIL, Xow a 4.1.2 Double-Groove Dimensions. Each groove of a double-groove joint shall be dimensioned; however, the root opening need appear only once (see Figure 13). ee ase 2\3 Ng d 2 14 > > . 3S 35° 4.1.3 Broken Arrow. For bevel-, J-, and flare- bevel-groove welds, a broken arrow is used, when necessary, to identify the member to be beveled or flanged (see 3.4). NA ae YN 21 4.2 Depth of Bevel and Groove Weld Size 4.2.1 Location. The depth of bevel, S, and groove weld size, (E), shalt be placed to the left of the weld symbol (see Figures 12-17). | © so y 25 11) us (18) wa 378) 3 2 4.2.2 Complete Joint Penetration. Omitting the depth of bevel and groove weld size dimensions 4) from the welding symbol requires complete joint Be) penetration only for single-groove welds and double-groove welds having symmetrical joint ge- ometry [see Figures 12(D), (E), 21, 22(), (B), (D), 23 and Appendix B4.2.2). (20) (25) 4.2.5 Depth of Bevel Specified, Groove Weld Size Specified Elsewhere. A dimension not in parenthe- ses placed to the left of a bevel-, V-, J- or U-groove a weld symbol specifies only the depth of bevel. fe e a NOTE 4.2.6 Depth of Bevel and Groove Weld Size Spec- ified. Except for square-groove welds, the groove weld size “(E)” in relation to the depth of bevel “S” shown as “S (E)" to the left of the weld symbol. “E” only is shown for the square-groove weld (see Figures 14, 15, 17 and 20), 4.2.3 Partial Penetration Welds, Groove Weld Size Specified, Depth of Bevel Not Specified. The size of groove welds that extend only partly through the joint shal be specified in parentheses on the Sm seldng symbol fee Figure 1204). (0) and (2 7 a © ee < 19) e 14) sis 76) 4.2.7 Joint Geometry Not Specified, Complete Joint Penetration Required. Optional joint geome- (17) try with complete joint penetration required is specified by placing the letters “CJP" in the tail of tie welding symbol and omitting the weld symbol (sce Figure 18). (v2 4.2.4 Complete Joint Penetration Welds, Groove Weld Size Specified, Depth of Bevel Not Specified ce The size of nonsymmetrical groove welds that extend completely through the joint shall be specified in pa- rentheses on the welding symbol (see Figure 16), 4.2.8 Joint Geometry Not Specified, Groove 4.3, Groove Dimensions Weld Size Specified. For optional joint geometry, the groove weld size is specified by placing the 4.3.1 Root Opening. The root opening of groove mension “(E)” on the arrow side or other side of _welds shall be specified inside the weld symbol the reference line as required, but omitting the and only on one side of the reference line (see Fig- weld symbol (see Figure 19). ure 21). © (sy 1 4.2.9 Flare-Groove Welds. The dimension “S” of “ flare-groove welds is considered as extending only to the tangent point indicated below by dimension 4.3.2 Groove Angle. The groove angle of groove lines (see Figure 20 and Appendix C4.2.9). welds shall be specified outside the weld symbol (see Figure 22). 10 4.3.3 Radii and Root Faces. The groove radii and root faces of U- and J-groove welds shall be FLARE-BEVEL-GROOVE specified by a cross section, detail, or other data with reference thereto in the tail of the welding symbol (see 3.11), sec ha >. ranevcnoove 24 4.4 Contours and Finishing of Groove Welds 4.4.1 Contours Obtained by Welding. Groove welds that are to be welded with approximately flush or convex faces without postweld finishing shall be specified by adding the flush or convex contour symbol to the welding symbol (see 3.12 and Figure 23(A)]. ANS _/* 4.4.2 Contours Obtained by Postweld Finishing. Groove welds whose faces are to be finished Nush or convex by postweld finishing shall be specified by adding both the appropriate contour and finish- ing symbols to the welding symbol. Welds that require a flat but not flush surface, require an ex- note in the tail of the welding symbol \d Figure 23(B) and (C)] 4.5 Back and Backing Welds 4.5.1 General. The back and backing weld sym- bols are identical, The sequence of welding deter- mines which designation applies. The back weld is made after the groove weld, and the backing weld is made before the groove weld (see 4.5.2 and 4.5.3). 4.5.2 Back Weld Symbol. The back weld sym- bol is placed on the side of the reference line oppo- site a groove weld symbol. When a single reference line is used, “back weld” shall be specified in the tail of the welding symbol. Alternately, if multiple reference lines are used, the back weld symbol shall be placed on a reference line subsequent to the reference line specifying the groove weld (sce Figure 24(A)] BACK WELD Vs 4.5.3 Backing Weld Symbol. The backing weld symbol is placed on the side of the reference line opposite a groove weld symbol. When a single ref- erence line is used, “backing weld” shall be speci- fied in the tail of the welding symbol. Alternately, if multiple reference fines are used. the backing weld symbol shall be placed on a reference line prior to the reference line specifying the groove weld [see Figure 24(B) and (C)]. BACKING WELD 4.5.4 Contour and Finishing of Back or Backing Welds 45.4.1 Contours Obtained by Welding. Back ‘or backing welds that are to be welded with approx- imately flush or convex faces without postweld fin- ishing shall be specified by adding the flush or convex contour symbol to the welding symbol (ee 3.12). BACK WELD 45.4.2 Contours Obtained by Postweld ishing. Back or backing welds that are to be fin- ished approximately flush or convex by postweld finishing shall be specified by adding the appropri- ate contour and finishing symbols to the welding symbol (see 3.13). Welds that require a flat but not flush surface, require an explanatory note in the tail of the welding symbol. 4.6 Joint with Backing. A joint with backing is specified by placing the backing symbol on the side 28 of the reference line opposite the groove weld sym- bol. Ifthe backing is to be removed after welding, an “R” shall be placed in the backing symbol [see Figure 25(A)], Material and dimensions of backing shall be specified in the tail of the welding symbol or on the drawing, ‘rast 4.7 Joint with Spacer. A joint with a required spacer is specified with the groove weld symbol modified to show a rectangle within it [see Figure 25(B)). In case of multiple reference lines, the rec- tangle need appear on the reference line nearest to the arrow [see Figure 25(C)]. Material and dimen- sions of the spacer shall be specified in the tail of the welding symbol or on the drawing. DOUBLE-V-GROOVE DOUBLE-U-GROOVE ‘ax SAE 1020 DOUBLE-BEVEL-GROOVE DOUBLE)-GROOVE 26 4.8 Consumable Inserts. Consumable inserts shall be specified by placing the consumable insert sym- bol on the side of the reference line opposite the groove weld symbol (sce Figure 26). The AWS con- sumable insert class shall be placed in the tail of the welding symbol (for insert class see latest edition of ANSI/AWS A5.30, Specification for Consumable Inserts.) class 3 ae INSERT cuss INSERT 49 Groove Welds with Back Gouging. A joint re- Guiring complete joint penetration involving back gouging may be specified using either a single or multiple reference line welding symbol (see Figure 27). The welding symbol shall include a reference to back gouging in the tail and (1) in the case of asymmetrical double-groove welds must show the depth of bevel from each side [see Figure 27(A)], together with groove angles and root opening, or (2) in the case of single-groove welds or symmetri- cal double-groove welds, need not include any other information except the weld symbols [see 4.2.2 and Figure 27(B) and (C)}, with groove angles and root opening. 4.10 Seal Welds. When the intent of the weld is to fulfill_a sealing function only, the weld shall be specified in the tail of the welding symbol as a seal weld (see Appendix B4.10). ‘SEAL WELD sy ‘SEAL WELD ene) 4.11 Skewed Joints, When the angle between the fusion faces is such that the identification of the weld type and, hence, proper weld symbol is in question, the detail of the desired joint and weld configuration shall be shown on the drawing with all necessary dimensions (sce Figure 28). a) 1 WELD CROSS SECTION a SYMBOL ou ow a We ai WELD CROSS SECTION we 7 syweot (8) (ay cm 11 a = 1 Oo, i 12 eto GROSS SECON srmeot (c) le WeLo GROSS SECTION aoe WELD CROSS SECTION ‘SYMBOL («E) (4) eto cAOSS SECTION syweot (2 Figure 12 — Specification of Groove Weld Size Depth of Bevel not Specified 7 2°, 2@18) Ze 1) WELD CROSS SECTION SYMBOL, GROOVE WELD SYMBOL WITH COMBINED DIMENSIONS. Figure 13 — Application of Dimensions to Groove Weld Symbol 80 7~\ no a WELD CROSS SECTION ‘syMBOL, (A) DEPTH OF BEVEL EQUAL TO WELD SIZE igure 14 — Groove Weld Size “(E)"” Related to Depth of Bevel “S” Eo ce wa 7 TEV 3 WELD CROSS SECTION SYMBOL, (6) DEPTH OF BEVEL LESS THAN WELD SIZE. 29 mao lee WEL onoss SECTION syweot (C) DEPTH OF BEVEL MORE THAN WELD SIZE ce (618) a L$ WELD CROSS SECTION symBoL {P) SQUARE-GROOVE WELD, WELD SIZE ONLY Figure 14 (continued) — Groove Weld Size “(E)” Related to Depth of Bevel 30 U4 38 eT j A) sean e al ie 7B. WELD CROSS SECTION symBot, @) NOTE OVERLAP OF 1/8 4 @) 4 (a) e WELD CROSS SECTION SYMBOL, NOTE: TOTAL WELD SIZE = 518 (ro) Figure 15 — Specification of Groove Weld Size and Depth of Bevel NOTE OVERLAP OF 1116 arts) |o| WELD CROSS SECTION (A) SQUARE-GROOVE WELD WITH NO ROOT OPENING 4 6 & —| WELD CROSS SECTION (8) ARROW-SIDE BEVEL-GROOVE WITH ROOT OPENING be, ney — sas a cd ‘SYMBOL, NOTE: TOTAL WELD SIZE = 516 ea [Al NOTE: TOTAL WELD SIZE GANNOT EXCEED T 0 ‘SYMBOL, jt «2 eye NOTE: TOTAL WELD SIZE CANNOT EXCEEDT * & WELD CROSS st {C) DOUBLE." b—e, ECTION ee (GROOVE WELD WITH ROOT OPENING Figure 16 — Specification of Groove Weld Size Only 3 2 ua NOTE OVERLAP 518. eae se] 2) vu _ el i c 7 . Tr = eae a — WELD cROsS SECTION erwsou NOTE: Tora, snoove wet sz Binet eeeeeo ss (A) ao wns =} roy 7— NOTE OVERLAP wn wena [7 o0 S ae a ___f wz ee SEES if a oe ale WELD CROSS SECTION SYMBOL NOTE: TOTAL GROOVE WELO SIZE ‘CANNOT EXCEED 1 ®) Figure 17 — Combined Groove and Fillet Welds 33 cup WELD GROSS SECTION ‘SYMBOL w e | co a a voce a @) Figure 18 — Complete Joint Penetration with Joint Geometry Optional 34 wa) V2 ia 9 oF va £5 So \WELD cRoss SECTION srmsot (A) - WELD cho3s SECTION srweo. (8) ‘0 va ve rr) . WELD cnoss secrion symeo. Tt veto onoss secnow veo. (0) Figure 19 — Partial Joint Penetration with Joint Geometry Optional WELD CROSS SECTION SYMBOL, ‘S = DISTANCE FROM POINT OF ‘TANGENCY TO TOP OF MEMBER. E = GROOVE WELD SIZE (A) FLARE-V-GROOVE WELD “Er c 5 L i i, WELD CROSS SECTION ‘SYMBOL, (B) FLARE-BEVEL-GROOVE WELD WITH FILLET WELDS ee : e-mousorom snooze : It wp coss semen — (©) SINGLE-FLARE-V-GROOVE WELD 35 Figure 20 — Applications of Flare-Bevel and Flare-V-Groove Weld Symbols 36 378 (18) WELD CROSS SECTION SYMBOL, (0) SINGLE-FLARE-BEVEL-GROOVE WELD uy re ay iG 3m (Way WELO cnoss secrion swaot (€) DOUBLE-FLARE-BEVEL-GROOVE WELD Tey ® 58 WELD CROSS SECTION SYMBOL, (F) TWO SINGLE-FLARE-BEVEL-GROOVE WELDS, Figure 20 (continued) — Applications of Flare-Bevel and Flare-V-Groove Weld Symbols i ah 6 = LK —__& : «) WELD CROSS SECTION SYMBOL = 7 YW? QT ‘ + 18 — 7 SYMBOL, Figure 21 — Specification of Root Opening of Groove Welds 37 38 fr i af (A) WELD CROSS SECTION ‘SYMBOL, oa . St Te 7 — (8) caer: Qo > . a swe. a = {D) Figure 22 — Specification of Groove Angle of Groove Welds WELD GROSS SECTION SYMBOL (A) ARROW-SIDE FLUSH CONTOUR SYMBOL, WELD APPROXIMATELY FLUSH. WITH THE BASE METAL aS ; [REINFORCEMENT REMOVED BY CHPPPING WELD CROSS SECTION SYMBOL {®) OTHER-SIDE FLUSH CONTOUR SYMBOL 9 s FINISH TO CONVEX CONTOUR, ‘BY GRINDING ADS, = WELD CROSS SECTION ‘SYMBOL, (C) BOTH SIDES CONVEX CONTOUR SYMBOL Figure 23 — Applications of Flush and Convex Contour Symbols 40 V.GROOVE WELD MADE BEFORE BACK WELD FROM OTHER SIDE oR Back WELD WELD GROSS SECTION SYMBOL BACK WELD (A) APPLICATION OF BACK WELD SYMBOL, V.GROOVE WELD MADE AFTER, BACKING WELD ON OTHER SIDE oF aac aNG BACKING WELD WELD CROSS SECTION SYMBOL {B) APPLICATION OF BACKING WELD SYMBOL. wa Gey \V-GROOVE WELD MADE AFTER BACKING WELD ON OTHER SIOE = on, oe 5.6.2 Contours Obtained by Postweld Finishing. Fillet welds that are to be finished approximately flat, convex, or concave by postweld finishing shall be specified by adding both the appropriate con- ‘our and finishing symbols to the welding symbol as follows (see 3.13), uw 5.7 Skewed Joints. When the angle between the fusion faces is such that the identification of the weld type and, hence, proper weld symbol may be in question, the detail ofthe desired joint and weld configuration shall be shown on the drawing [see 4.11 and Figure 28). 48 516 m6 WELD CROSS SECTION SYMBOL (A) SIZE OF SINGLE-FILLET WELD | Ht 12 1 1 — C 1 a e : S a fs 38 —_ 112 LEG ON ae MEMBER A om MEMBER® ax ae ae ae ro — (0) SIZE OF UNEQUAL LEG FILLET WELD F : =] “5 ? \WELO CROSS SECTION ‘SYMBOL {E) CONTINUOUS FILLET WELD Fp e | Fe WELD SYMBOL (F) LENGTH OF FILLET WELD igure 29 — Specification of Size and Length of Fillet Welds WELDS SYMBOL, (A) LENGTH AND PITCH OF INTERMITTENT WELDS WELDS, ‘SYMBOL (8) LENGTH AND PITCH OF CHAIN INTERMITTENT WELDS 5 10 30 310 EERE cen Lo [eal Fe eee el oss Lo weLos SYMBOL (C) LENGTH AND PITCH OF STAGGERED INTERMITTENT WELDS Figure 30 — Applications of Intermittent Fillet Weld Symbols 50. SECTION AA Lea WELD CROSS SECTION ‘SYMBOL, (A) FILLET WELD IN HOLE (OR SLOT) 38 vo FILLET 36 FILLET one LC WELD CROSS SECTION ‘SYMBOL, (8) DOUBLE-FILLET WELD SYMBOL FOR A SINGLE JOINT us) oe ricer one riuer stl os e sie rRueT mer oe weLo cRO8s SECTION smoot (C) DOUBLE-FILLET WELD SYMBOLS FOR TWO JOINTS Figure 31 — Applications of Fillet Weld Symbol 6. Plug Welds 6.41 General 6.1.1 Arrow-Side Holes. Holes in the arrow-side member of a joint to be plug welded shall be speci- fied by placing the plug weld symbol below the ref- erence line [see Figure 32(A)] 6.1.2 Other-Side Holes. Holes in the other-side member of a joint to be plug welded shall be speci- fied by placing the plug weld symbol above the ref- erence line (see Figure 32(B)}. 6.1.3 Dimensions. Dimensions of plug welds shall be specified on the same side of the reference line as the weld symbol (see Figure 33). 30° 25 [70 | 100 ae 6.1.4 Fillets in Holes. The plug weld symbol shall not be used to designate fillet welds in holes (see 5.5). st 6.2 Plug Weld Size. The plug weld size shall be specified to the left of the plug weld symbol and shall be preceded by the diameter symbol, ®, shown as follows [see Figure 33(A), (B), (E), (F) and (G)} Plug weld size is the diameter of the hole at the faying surface. 6.3 Angle of Countersink. The included angle of countersink of plug welds shall be located an the same side of the reference line and above or below the plug weld symbol as appropriate [see Figure 33 (B) and (E)). 45° 6.4 Depth of Filling. When the depth of filling is less than complete, it shall be specified inside the plug weld symbol [see Figure 33(C) and (E)}. The omission of a depth dimension shall specify complete filling [see Figure 33(A), (B), (D), (F) and (G)). 0 1 of Plug Welds. ‘The pitch (center-to- center distance) of plug welds in a straight line shall be specified 10 the right of the plug weld symbol (see Figure 33(D) and (E)]. The spacing of plug welds in any configuration other than a st Jine shall be dimensioned on the drawing. []10 6.6 Number of Plug Welds. When a definite num- ber of plug welds is desired in a joint, the number shall be specified in parentheses on the same side of the reference line as the weld symbol. The num- ber shall be either above or below the weld symbol, as appropriate [see Figure 33(D) and (E)]. When the welding symbol also includes the angle of coun- tersink, the number of plug welds shall be placed cither above or below the angle of countersink as appropriate (see Figure 33(E)]. o Ey @ 6.7 Contours and Finishing of Plug Welds 6.7.1 Contours Obtained by Welding. Plug welds that are to be welded with approximately flush of convex faces without postweld finishing shall be specified by adding the flush or convex contour symbol to the welding symbol (see 3.12). 6.7.2 Contours Obtained by Postweld Finis! Plug welds whose faces are to be finished appro. mately flush or convex by postweld finishing shall be specified by adding both the appropriate con- tour and finishing symbols to the welding symbol (see 3.13). Welds that require a flat but not flush surface require an explanatory note in the tail of the welding symbol. MACHINE FLAT 6.8 Joints Involving Three or More Members. Plug welding symbols may be used to specily weld- ing two or more members to another member. A section view of the joint shall be provided to clarity which members require preparation (see Figure 33 (F) and (G)}. & ions of Plug Weld Symbol &se& Se WELD CROSS SECTION SYMBOL (A) WELD SIZE WELD CROSS SECTION (8) INCLUDED ANGLE OF COUNTERSINK | 12 KR WELD CROSS SECTION SYMBOL (C) DEPTH OF FILLING WELDS (6 REQUIRED) ‘SYMBOL, (D) PITCH AND NUMBER sa [6 we n SECTION AA WELDS (7 REQUIRED) (E) COMRINED DIMENSIONS. syMaoL Figure 33 — Applications of Information to Plug Weld Symbols SEE SECTION AA (x SECTION A.A WELD CROSS SECTION SYMBOL NOTE: SECTION A.A IS MANDATORY TO CLARIFY THE INTERMEDIATE MEMBER IS. ONE OF THE ARROW SIDE MEMBERS (F) ONE PLUG WELD IN THREE-MEMBER ASSEMBLY yp 2 sives SEESECTIONAA 2 a 1 1 1 i | at SYMBOL SECTION AA WELD CROSS SECTION NOTE: SECTION A.A 1S MANDATORY SINCE EACH ‘QUTSIDE MEMBER 'S AN ARROW SIDE MEMBER. (G) TWO PLUG WELDS IN THREE-MEMBER ASSEMBLY Figure 33 (continued) — Applications of Information to Plug Weld Synibols 36 7. Slot Welds ‘7.1 General 7.1.1 Arrow-Side Slots. Slots in the arrow-side member of a joint to be slot welded shall be spec’ fied by placing the slot weld symbol below the ref- erence line [see Figure 34(A)}. 7.1.2 Other-Side Slots. Slots in the other-side member of a joint to be slot welded shall be speci fied by placing the slot weld symbol above the ref- erence line [see Figure 34(B)). 7.1.3 Dimensions. Dimensions of slot welds shall be specified on the same side of the reference line as the weld symbol (see Figure 35). we 7 30° o 19 150-250 7.1.4 Fillets in Slots. The slot weld symbol shall not be used to specify fillet welds in slots (see 5.5). 7.2 Width of Slot Welds. The width of a slot weld shall be specified to the left of the weld symbol (see Figure 35). Slot weld width is the dimension of the slot, measured in the direction of the minor axis, at 15 7.3 Length of Slot Welds. The length of slot welds shall be specified to the right of the weld symbol (see Figure 35). Slot weld length is the dimension of the slot, measured in the direction of the major axis, at the faying surface. % fmt 7 Angle of Countersink. The countersink in- cluded angle of slot welds shall be specified either above or below the slot weld symbol as appropriate {see Figure 35(A)). « e 30° 7.5 Depth of Filling. Depth of filling less than complete shall be specified inside the slot weld symbol {see Figure 35(B)]. Omission of the depth dimension shall specify complete filling (see Figure 35(A))- rm 34 7.6 Spacing of Slot Welds. The pitch (center-to- center distance) of slot welds in a straight line shall be specified to the right of the length dimension following a hyphen (see Figure 35). 100-200 LJ 7.7 Number of Slot Welds. When a definite num- ber of slot welds is desired in a joint, the number shall be specified in parentheses on the same side of the reference line as the weld symbol. The num- ber shail be either above or below the weld symbol, as appropriate (see Figure 35). When the angle of countersink is also included in the welding symbol, the number of slot welds shall be placed above or below the angle of countersink as appropriate [see Figure 35(A)]. ® [ee] © 3 7.8 Location and Orientation of Slot Welds. The location and orientation of slot welds shall be spec- ified on the drawing. 7.9 Contours and ig of Slot Welds 7.9.1 Contours Obtained by Welding, Slot welds that are to be welded with approximately flush or convex faces without postweld finishing shall be specified by adding the flush or convex contour symbol to the welding symbol (see 3.12). Ne 7.9.2 Contours Obtained by Postweld Finishing. Slot welds whose faces are to be finished approxi- mately flush or convex by postweld finishing shall be specified by adding both the appropriate con- tour and finishing symbols to the welding symbol Gee 3.13). Welds that require a flat but not flush surface require an explanatory note in the tail of the welding symbol. MACHINE FLAT 38 see NOTE. SECTION A-A WELD CROSS SECTION NOTE: ORIENTATION OF SLOT WELD SHOWN ON DRAWING. (A) ARROW-SIDE SLOT WELD SYMBOL. ‘SYMBOL, cA Z SECTION A-A see 1 NOTE WELD CROSS SECTION NOTE: ORIENTATION OF SLOT WELD SHOWN ON DRAWING (8) OTHER-SIDE SLOT WELD SYMBOL. symBol Figure 34 — Applications of Slot Weld Symbol Fs 10 10 10 10 5+ ORIENTATION. [AS SHOWN ON DRAWING. SEE DETAIL A wa 340 30° 6 WELD DETAIL A ‘CROSS SECTION (A) COMPLETELY FILLED SLOT WELDS ORIENTATION AS SHOWN ON DRAWING sd SEE DETAIL B a | 30 fea og eel wt | t ) DETAIL 8 (8) PARTIALLY FILLED SLOT WELDS SECTION A 39 Figure 35 — Applications of Information to Slot Weld Symbols 60 8. Spot Welds 8.1 General 8.1.1 Arrow-Side, Other-Side Significance. The spot weld symbol, relative to its location on the ref= erence line, may or may not have arrow-side mem- ber or other-side member significance (see 3.1.2, 3.1.3 and Figure 36). 81 ide Member. For those weld- ing processes for which arrow-side member signifi- cance is applicable, the arrow-side member shatl be indicated by placing the spot weld symbol below the reference line with the arrow pointing to this, member (see Figures | and 36(A)]. 8.1.1.2 Other-Side Member. For those weld- ing processes for which other-side member signifi- cance is applicable, the other-side member shall be indicated by placing the spot weld symbol above the reference line [see Figure 36B)}. 8.1.1.3 No Side Significance. For those weld- ing processes for which no arrow-side or other-side significance is applicable, the spot weld symbol shall be centered on the reference line [see 3.1.3 and Figure 36()). 8.1.2 Dimension Location. Dimensions shall be specified on the same side of the reference line as the spot weld symbol, or all dimensions shall be shown on either side when the spot weld symbol has no arrow-side or other-side significance (see Figures 36 and 38) wa) 2 8.1.3 Welding Process Reference. The process reference shall be indicated in the tail of the weld- ing symbol (see 3.11.1 and Figures 36-38) 8.1.4 Projection Welds. The projection weld symbol shall be used with the projection welding process reference in the tail of the welding symbol. ‘The projection weld symbol shall be placed above or below (not centered on) the reference line to des- ignate which member receives the embossment in accordance with the location conventions given in 3.1.2 (see Figure 37). 8.2 Size or Strength of Spot Welds. Spot welds shall be specified by either size or strength to the left of the spot weld symbol as follows: 8.2.1 Size. The size of a spot weld shall be speci- fied, in inches or millimeters, as the diameter of the weld at the faying surfaces of the members [see Figure 38(A)). 38 fo \ / ‘6 On 6 8.2.2 Strength. The shear strength of a' spot weld shall be specified in pounds or newtons [see Figure 38(B)), 8.3 Spacing of Spot Welds. The pitch (center-to- center distance) of spot welds in a straight line shall be specified to the right of the weld symbol [see Figure 38(C)] On / "200 8.4 Number of Spot Welds 8.4.1 Number Specified. When a definite num- ber of spot welds is desired in a joint, the number shall be specified in parentheses on the same side of the reference line as the spot weld symbol. The number may be either above or below the weld symbol when there is no other-side member signifi- cance and the symbol is centered on the reference tine [see Figure 38(C), (D), (E) and (F))- bf oN a am 8.4.2 Grouped Spot Welds. A group of spot ‘welds may be located on a drawing by intersecting centerlines. The arrow shall point to at least one of the centerlines passing through each weld location. When spot welds are to be.randomly located in a group. the area in which they are to be applied shall be clearly indicated {see Figure 38(E)]. XxX io xx-| x(t ; . Xxx xx—l 6 8.5 Extent of Spot Welding. When spot welds ex- tend less than the distance between abrupt changes in the direction of welding, or less than the full length of the joint (see 3.9), the desired extent shall be dimensioned on the drawing [see Figure 38(D)] 6 @ 8.6 Contours and Finishing of Spot Welds 8.6.1 Contours Obtained by Welding. When the exposed surface of either member in a spot welded Joint is to be welded with approximately a flush or convex face without postweld finishing, that surface shall be specified by adding the flush or convex con- tour symbol to the welding symbol (see 3.12). 8.6.2 Contours Obtained by Postweld Finishing Spot welds whose faces are to be finished approxi- mately ‘lush or convex by postweld finishing, shall be specified by adding both the appropriate con- tour and finishing symbols to the welding symbo! (Gee 3.13), Welds that require a lat but not Mush surface require an explanatory note in the tal of the welding symbol. 0m > MACHINE FLAT 8.7 Multiple Member Spot Welds. When one or more members are included between the two outer members in a spot welded joint, the spot weld sym- bol for the two outer members shall be used (see Figure 39). CO) SECTION AA WELD CROSS SECTION SYMBOL (A) ARROW-SIDE SPOT WELD SYMBOL g eee r----4 on SECTION AA * WELD CROSS SECTION SYMBOL (@) OTHER-SIDE SPOT WELD SYMBOL an a ° eee r----4 SECTION AA a (WELD CROSS SECTION ‘SYMBOL (C) NO ARROW-OR OTHER-SIDE SIGNIFICANCE Figure 36 — Applications of Spot Weld Symbol JH ns > | pus —} aL ' ow Z see Bt.) 7% | | SECTION AA DeTALe = WELD CROSS SECTION Aen NOTE: SYMBOL REQUIRES THE ARROW SIDE MeMBEA TO BE EMBOSSED (A) ARROW-SIDE PROJECTION WELD SYMBOL a 6 | t ny Pw (SEE DET. ©) ETAL C ! SECTION AA i A WELD CROSS SECTION NOTE: SYMBOL REQUIRES THE ARROW SIDE MEMBER TO BE EMBOSSED (8) OTHER-SIDE PROJECTION WELD SYMBOL Figure 37 — Applications of Projection Weld Symbol 63 SECTION A.A, WELD CROSS SECTION SYMBOL (A) WELO SIZE a 100 ©) SS SECTION AA. , J ow WELD GROSS SECTION ‘SYMBOL, (8) STRENGTH a a Orson na eos @ SYMBOL, {C) NUMBER AND PITCH Figure 38 — Applications of Information to Spot Weld Symbol craw SECTION AA. a WELDS (@ REQUIRED) SYMBOL (0) EXTENT OF WELDING i _ . of e at oe a on (E) SPECIFIED NUMBER OF WELDS LOCATED AT RANDOM = fs ye een ape 1 Ss - secnON nA at eins (6 neOUIRED) smo. 65 (F) COMBINED INFORMATION Figure 38 (continued) — Applications of Information to Spot Weld Symbol 66 lea SECTION AA WELD CROSS SECTION SYMBOL Figure 39 — Multiple Member Spot Weld 9. Seam Welds 9.1 General 9.1.1 Arrow-Side, Other-Side Significance: The seam weld symbol, relative to its location on the reference line, may or may not have arrow-side member or other-side member significance (see 3.1.2, 3.1.3 and Figure 40). 9.1.1.1 Atrow-Side Member. For those weld- ing processes for which arrow-side member signifi- cance is applicable, the arrow-side member shall be indicated by placing the seam weld symbol below the reference line with the arrow pointing to this member {see Figures | and 40(A)). 9.1.1.2 Other-Side Member. For those weld- ing processes for which other-side significance is applicable, the other-side member shall be indi- cated by placing the seam weld symbol above the reference line [see Figure 40(B)]. 9.1.1.3 No Side Significance. For those weld- ing processes for which no arrow-side or other-side significance is applicable, the seam weld symbol shall be centered on the reference line (see 3.1.3 and Figure 40(C)] 9.1.2 Dimension Location. Dimensions shall be shown on the same side of the reference line as the ‘weld symbol, or all dimensions shall be shown on either side when the seam weld symbol has no ar- row-side or other-side significance (see Figure 41). 2 1000 ws 3 9.1.3 Welding Process Reference. The process reference shall be indicated in the tail of the weld- ing symbol (see 3.11.1 and Figures 40 and 41). 9.2 Size and Strength of Seam Welds. Seam welds shall be specified by either size or strength to the left of the seam weld symbol as follows: a 9.2.1 Size. The size of a seam weld shall be specified, in inches or millimeters, as the width of the weld at the faying surfaces of the members [see Figure 41(A)). ry a —— 2 9.2.2 Strength. The shear strength of a seam weld shall be specified in pounds per linear inch or in newtons per millimeter [see Figure 41(B)]. 7 200 OE Neg 26 9.3 Length of Seam Welds 9.3.1 Dimension Location. The length of a seam weld shall be specified to the right of the weld sym- bol {see Figure 41(A) and (D)). .3.2 Abrupt Changes. When a seam weld ex- tends the full distance between abrupt changes in the direction of welding (see 3.9), no length dimen- sion need be specified on the welding symbol. 68 9.3.3 Specific Lengths. When a seam weld ex- tends less than the distance between abrupt changes in the direction of welding, or less than the full length of the joint, the extent shall be dimen- sioned on the drawing [see 3.9 and Figure 41(C)]. 9 9.4 Dimensions of Intermittent Seam Welds 9.4.1 Pitch. The pitch of intermittent seam welds shall be specified as the distance between centers of the weld increments (see Figure 41(A) and (D)]. 9.4.2 Pitch Dimension Location. The pitch of intermittent seam welds shall be specified to the right of the length dimension following a hyphen [see Figure 41(A) and (D)]. 0-100 368 75-150 9.5 Number of Seam Welds. When a definite num- ber of seam welds is desired in a joint, the number shall be specified in parentheses on the same side of the reference line as the weld symbol. The num- ber shall be either above or below the weld symbol as appropriate [see Figure 41(D)}. 6) @ 9.6 Orientation of Seam Welds 9.6.1 Intermittent Welds. Uniess otherwise in- dicated, intermittent seam welds shall be interpre- ted as having length and pitch measured parallel to the weld axis [see Figure 41(A)}. 9.6.2 Showing Orientation. When the orienta- tion of seam welds is not as in 9.6.1, a detailed drawing shall be used to specify the weld orienta- tion [see Figure 41(D)]. 9.7 Contours and Finishing of Seam Welds 9.7.1 Contours Obtained by Welding. When the exposed surface of either member in a seam welded joint is to be welded with approximately a flush or convex face without postweld finishing, that surface shall be specified by adding the flush or convex contour symbol to the welding symbol (see 3.12). 9.7.2 Contours Obtained by Postweld Finishing, ‘Scam welds whose faces are to be finished approxi- mately flush or convex by postweld finishing, shall be specified by adding both the appropriate con- tour and finishing symbols to the welding symbol {see 3.13). Welds that require a flat but not flush surface require an explanatory note in the tail of the welding symbol. e\\ a ROLL FLAT 9.8 Multiple-Member Seam Welds. When one or more members are included between the tvo outer members in a seam welded joint, the seam weld symbol for the two outer members shall be used (see Figure 42) e 6 Taw A; a — SECTION AA WELD CROSS SECTION SYMBOL, e (A) ARROW-SIDE SEAM WELD SYMBOL, EW. cA SECTION A-A WELD CROSS SECTION (8) OTHER-SIDE SEAM WELD SYMBOL e SEW cece SECTION A-A : eto cRoss secon erwoou. {€)NO ARROW. OR GTHER-SDE SIGNIFICANCE Figure 40 — Applications of Seam Weld Symbol A 4 ve Jf 2 a SECTION AA WELO CROSS SECTION SYMBOL, (A) SIZE, LENGTH AND PITCH OF INTERMITTENT SEAM WELDS EBw q 200 oped a SECTION AA WELD CAOSS SECTION SYMBOL (8) STRENGTH OF SEAM WELDS ORIENTATION SHOWN LON DRAWING craw 3 e Ee oe WELD CROSS SECTION ‘SYMBOL (C) EXTENT OF SEAM WELD Figure 41 — Applications of Information to Seam Weld Symbol see omaw) DETAR.© eae a 8 REC Xk 16 SECTION A-A DETAIL WELD CROSS SECTION (0) ORIENTATION OF SEAM WELDS Figure 41 (continued) — Application of Information to Seam Weld Symbol n A SECTION A.A WELD CROSS SECTION SYMBOL Figure 42 — Multiple Member Seam Weld 10. Flange Welds 10.1 General. The fotlowing welding symbols are intended to be used for sheet metal joints with one or more flanged edges. 10.1.1 Edge-Flange Welds. Edge-flange welds shall be specified by the edge-flange weld symbol on joints either detailed or not detailed on the drawing [see Figure 43(A) and (B)] TN Xt 10.1.2 Corner-Flange Welds 10.1.2.1 Joint Detailed. Corner-flange welds on joints detailed on the drawing shall be specified by the comer-flange weld symbol [see Figure 43(C) and (D)]. KX 10.1,2.2 Joint Not Detailed. Corner-flange welds on joints not detailed on the drawing shall be specified by the corner-flange weld symbol. A bro~ ken arrow shall point to the member to be flanged. [see Figure 43(C) and (D)]. 7 — lt 10.1.3 Edge-Flange Welds Requiring Complete Joint Penetration. Edge-flange welds requiring complete joint penetration shall be specified by the edge-flange weld symbol with the melt-through symbol placed on the opposite side of the reference B line, The same welding symbol is used for joints either detailed or not detailed on the drawing (see Figure 11(D)). fw ys 10.1.4 Corner-Flange Welds Requiring Complete Joint Penetration. 10.1.4.1 Joint Detaited. Corner-flange welds requiring complete joint penetration shall be speci- fied by the corner-flange weld symbol with the ‘melt-through symbol placed on the opposite side of the reference line {see Figure 11(E)]. Nope a, 10.1.4.2 Joint Not Detailed. Corner-flange welds requiring complete joint penetration shall be specified by the corner-flange weld symbol with the melt-through symbol placed on the opposite side of the reference line, A broken arrow shall point to the member to be flanged [see Figure 11(E)] pa are (©) MULTIPLE LAYER SURFACING WELD REDUCE ROOT —] ven OPENING TO BiG MAX. Se MN, 318 MAX j——T ba WELD CROSS SECTION ee (0) CORRECTION OF DIMENSIONS Figure 46 — Applications of Surfacing Weld Symbol a FA BRAZE CROSS SECTION SYMBOL, BRAZE CROSS SECTION SYMBOL a) Figure 47 — Application of Brazing Symbols 82 "A a enAZe CROSS SECTION srwaou. (8) cu~ clearance SENSE venue 5 Harge 2 tes {sj VY BRAZE CROSS secnow srueot. (c) es poeta a BRAZE CROSS SECTION SYMBOL () Figure 47 (continued) — Applications of Brazing Symbols oy a a ak 3 001 -.003 =-903 mal 06 Lt Tt Saale ae : _ ‘, + " Ox 7 7 le (F) Te — oa fe eee Le oe oT a Figure 47 (continued) — Applications of Brazing Symbols 83 84 Part C Nondestructive Examination Symbols 14, Elements of the Nondestructive Examination Symbol The examination symbol consists of the follow- ing elements: (1) Reference line Q) Arrow (3) Examination method letter designations (4) Extent and number of examinations (5) Supplementary symbols (6) Tail (Specifica- tions, codes or other references) 14.1 Exa In Method Letter Designations. Nondestructive examination methods shall be spec- iffed by use of the letter designation shown below. Examination Method Letter Designation ‘Acoustic emission ‘AET lectromagnetic er Leake 1 Magnetic particle wr [Nevtton radiographic NRT Penetrnt PT Proof PRT Radiographic RT Uleasonie ur Visual vr 14.2 Supplementary Symbols. Supplementary symbols to be used in nondestructive examination symbols shall be as follows: EXAMINE FELD ALL AROUND | EXAMINATION P| F— RADIATION — DIRECTION # | @ 14.3 Standard Location of Elements of a Nonde- Examination Symbol. The elements of a nondestructive examination symbol shall have standard locations with respect to each other as shown in Figure 48, NUMBER OF EXAMINATIONS REFERENCE LINE SPECIFICATION OR OTHER REFERENCE \ + TAL EXAMINATION METHOD LETTER DESIGNATIONS. LENGTH OF SECTION TO BE EXAMINED EXAMINE IN FIELD EXAMINE-ALL- AROUND ARROW Figure 48 — Standard Location of Elements. 15. General Provisions 15.1 Location Significance of Arrow. The arrow shall connect the reference line to the part to be examined. The side of the part.to which the arrow points shall be considered the arrow side of the part, The side opposite the arrow side of the part shall be considered the other side. 15.2 Location of Letter Designations 15.2.1 Location on Arrow Side. Examinations to be made on the arrow side of the part shall be speci- fied by placing the letter designation for the selected examination method below the reference line. NU - vr 15.2.2 Location on the Other Side. Examina- tions to be made on the other side of the part shall be specified by placing the letter designation for the selected examination method above the refer- ence line, ur aT 85 15.2.5 Examination Combinations. More than one examination method may be specified for the same part by placing the combined letter designa- tions of the selected examination methods in the appropriate positions relative to the reference line, Letter designations for two or more examination methods, to be placed on the same side of the refer- ence line or centered on the reference line, shall be separated by a plus sign. Pr \_uteaT. — oN aT 15.2.6 Welding and NDE Symbols. Nondestruc- tive examination symbols and welding symbols may be combined. ur e wT pat wear 15.2.3 Location on Both Sides. Examinations to bbe made on both sides of the part shall be specified by placing the letter designation for the selected exami- nation method on both sides of the reference line. 15.2.4 Location Centered on Reference Line. ‘When the letter designation has no arrow- or other- side significance, or there is no preference from which side the examination is to made, the letter designation shall be centered on the reference line. ee \ oN AT 15.3 US. Customary and Metric Units. When itis required to specify dimensions with nondestruc~ tive examination symbols, the same system of units that is standard for the drawing shall be used. Dual dimensioning shall not be used on nondestructive examination symbols. If it is required to include conversions from metric to U.S. customary, or vice versa, a table of conversions may be included on the drawing, For guidance in drafting standards, reference is made to the ANSI Y14, Drafting Man- ual. For guidance on the use of metric (SI) units, reference is made to AWS Al.1, Metric Practice Guide for the Welding Industry 86 16. Supplementary Symbols 16.1 Examine-All-Around, Examinations required all around a weld, joint or part shall be specified by placing the examine-all-around symbol at the june- tion of the arrow and reference lines. a 16.2 Field Examinations. Examinations required to be conducted in the field (not in a shop or at the place of initial construction) shall be specified by placing the field examination symbol at the junc- tion of the arrow and reference lines. 16.3 Radiation Direction. The direction of pene- trating radiation may be specified by use of the ra- diation direction symbol drawn al the required angle on the drawing and the angle indicated, in degrees, to ensure no misunderstanding, 45° RT 90° NAT 17. Specifications, Codes and References Information, applicable to the examination spec- ified and which is not otherwise provided, may be placed in the tail of the nondestructive examina- tion symbol, Anz RT . 18. Location, Orientation and Extent of Nondestructive Examination 18.1 Specifying Length of Section to be Examined 18.1.1 Length Shown. To specify examination of welds or parts where only the length of a section need be considered, the length dimension shall be placed to the right of the letter designation, \_Pr2s0 18.1.2 Location Shown. To specify the exact lo- cation of a section to be examined, as well as the length, dimension lines shall be used qe, M6. —|—_— 11 bean e are 18.1.3 Full Length Examination. When the fuil length ofa part is to be examined, no length dimen sion need be included in the nondestructive exami- nation symbol. 18.1.4 Partial Examination, When less than one hundred percent of the length of a weld or part is to be examined, with locations to be determined by a specified procedure, the length to be examined is specified by placing the appropriate percentage to the right of the letter designation. The selected pro- cedure may be specified by reference in the tail of the nondestructive examination symbol. 18.2 Number of Examinations. To specify a num- ber of examinations to be conducted on a joint or part at random locations, the number of required examinations shall be placed in parentheses either above or below the letter designation away from the reference line. Re @ 18.3 Examination of Areas. Nondestructive exam~ ination of areas shall be specified by one of the fol- Towing methods: @ ur 18.3.1 Plane Areas. To specify nondestructive examination of an area represented as a plane on the drawing, the area to be examined shall be en- closed by straight, broken lines with a circle at each change in direction. The letter designations for the nondestructive examinations required shall be tused in connection with these lines as shown be- low. When necessary, these enclosures shall be fo- cated by coordinate dimensions. 87 18.3.2 Areas of Revolution. For nondestructive examination of areas of revolution, the area shall be specified by using the examine-all-around sym- bol and appropriate dimensions. The following il- lustration specifies (A) Magnetic particle examination of the bore of the flange for a distance of two inches from the right hand face, all the way around the circumference. (B) Radiographic examination of an area of rev- olution where dimensions were not available on the drawing. Tz | ks RT— ‘The symbol below specifies an area of revolution subject to an internal proof examination and an ex- ternal eddy current examination. Since no dimen- sions are given, the entire length is to be examined. 18.3.3 Acoustic Emission. Acoustic emission is generally applied to all or a large portion of a com- ponent, such as a pressure vessel or pipe. The sym- bol below indicates application of AET to the ‘component without specific reference to location of sensors. 88 Table 1 Letter Designations of Welding and Allied Processes and Their Variations Processes and Tacs cams Tar ieacaa eg are TSEWHE en aoen welding fe | scion mend me Benoa eg pita rethsee pe eli ma Sete ag a oe oe Sane ao ok ert fo Sige cnet ae ves cave meiavopa meg We acca csoae Gua oneas electrogas welding, EGW dip soldering coc toy necemuee eee cane Guay Milo a epee a Sees eee | cme went piensa atc ee ue ee cee eae e prea rr Med els eidng oan cae Suan eens, aoa sw Se eet ea 0 aoe, os 5 ieee rete i cas ered pen imiaratlag Spee ee ee me mabe paper a peer Cas ee vec See eer oo foe, Soren aunts cating ee eo ee Caen eee ee ey ueteaneniae e SS eee ae canes a Fo eben a ey conten rine oeeie ee ears ion ov eae een A cee eae Oy cae as eecean rey stadt cues peee temas ee ona a, on chomerans ret ees temes arcane ein ee een oy aeneadas Table 2 al Cross Reference to Table 1 by Process Processes and Letter Processes and Letter Variations Designations Variations Designations are cutting AC laser beam cutting Lac are spraying ASP laser beam evaporative cutting LBCEV are welding. AW laser beam inert gas cutting LBCIG air acetylene welding AAW laser beam oxygen cuiting LBC-O air carbon arc cutting CAC-A laser beam welding LBW atomic hydrogen welding AHW medium vacuum electron beam welding ERW-MV. ‘metal are welding BMAW metal powder cutting poc block brazing BB nonvacuum electron beam welding EBW.NV brazing B oxyacetylene culting OFC-A carbon are braze welding CABW oxyacetylene welding oaw carbon are cutting CAC oxyfuet gas cutting OFC ‘carbon arc welding CAW ——oxyfuel gas welding oFw coextrusion welding CEW oxygen are cutting AOC cold welding CW oxygen cutting a diffusion brazing oxygen lance cutting Loc

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