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Muc luc :
Trang
Chng 1 : Cac phep o c ban
-Muc ich va y nghia cng tac thi nghim in
-Khai ni m thng dung trong cng tac thi nghi m
-Phep o i n tr cach i n
-Phep o i n tr m t chiu
-Phep o ti s bin
-Phep xac inh cc tinh va t u dy
-Phep o h s tn hao i n mi cach i n
-Phep o khng tai
-Phep o ngn mach
-Phep th cao th bng i n ap chinh lu (m t chiu) va o dong ro
-Phep th cao th bng i n ap co tn s 50Hz
Chng :2 Thi nghi m cac thit bi i n
-Thi nghi m lp mi may bin ap lc cp i n ap t 110KV tr ln
-Thi nghi m lp mi bin ap lc cp i n ap 35KV
-Thi nghi m inh ky may bin ap
-Thi nghi m May bin i n ap
-Thi nghi m May bin dong i n
-Thi nghi m dao cach ly
- Thi nghi m may ct
-Thi nghi m chng set
-Thi nghi m cap lc cao th
-Thi nghi m cap lc ha th
- Thi nghi m Cu chi cao th
-Thi nghi m Tu i n
cao th va ha th
-Thi nghi m may phat i n ng b
-Thi nghi m o i n tr ni t (tip ia)
-Thi nghi m s cach i n ,thanh cai
-Thi nghi m Cac Dung cu an toan
-Cac bc thi nghi m m t m t thit bi

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cuoi
I-Muc ich va y nghia cng tac thi nghim in
- Muc ich cua cng tc thi nghi m la nh gi cht lng cua cc thit b in trong
cng trnh va pht hin cc sai st trc khi a cc thit b nay vao s dung .
- Y nghia cng tc thi nghi m : la c s c tinh php ly khng nh cng trnh a sn sang
cho vi c s dung v n hanh
- Cng tc thi nghim in la g ?la cng vic nh gi va a ra kt lu n cui cng cua
mt cng trnh v mt in . Cng tc thi nghim in bao gm cc cng tc sau :
- nh gi thit b
- Kim tra s hot ng cua thit b trong tng th cng trnh
- a ra nhng kt lu n cui cng cua cng trnh v m t i n
II- Cng tc nh gi cht lng :
1/ nh gi thit b :
- s dung cc thit b kim tra tin hanh o c ly s li u cua tng thit b
- s dung cc thit b th nghi m th kha nng chu ng cua thit b
- so snh cc s li u o c va phep th nghi m vi cc tiu chun c tinh php ly
nh gi thit b
2/ Kim tra s hot ng cua thit b :
- da vao cc thit k c tinh php ly kim tra s hot ng cua tng thit b c
ung vi thit k
- trn c s kim tra nay pht hi n nhng im sai trong qu trnh thi cng cung nh
iu bt hp ly trong thit k
3 /Kt lu n cui cng :
- Da vao cng tc nh gi cht lng thit b va kim tra hot ng cua tng thit
b a ra kt lu n chung v cng trnh
Bai 1 : Cac khai ni m thng dung trong cng tac thi nghi m cao ap
- i tng thi nghi m :la thit b i n ho c t p hp cc thit b i n lin kt vi
nhau se c kim tra
- Thit b thi nghi m : la thit b dng kim tra m t hng muc hay nhiu hng
muc cua thit b vi du megamet
- Hng muc thi nghi m : la m t phep o ly s li u hay phep th nghi m thit b vi
du hng muc ti s bin
- Tiu chun thi nghi m
:la t p hp cc s li u chun do nha nc hay nha san xut
thit b quy nh lam c s so snh vi du Tiu chun nghanh i n ,IEC ..
- Phng php thi nghi m : phng php thc hi n kim tra vi du xc nh ti s
bin my bin p c th dng ngun 3 pha hay ngun m t pha
- Ngi thi nghi m : la nhn vin thc hi n cc phep o lng , th nghi m
- Thit b nht th: la cc thit b in lc gm cc nhm my in tinh (my bin
p, my bin in p, my bin dng in), my in quay (my pht in, ng c
in), my ct va dao cch ly (my ct, dao cch ly, dao ct phu tai, cu ch cao
th), thit b in khc trong Trm bin p (thanh ci, chng set, tu in, khng
in, s cch in)
- Thi nghim mi (TNM): la thi nghim nh gi cht lng thit b in ln u
trc khi ng in nghim thu a vao s dung.
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Thi nghim nh k (TNK): la thi nghim chn on, phng nga s c i vi

thit b in sau mt khoang thi gian lam vic theo qui nh.
Bai 2 :Phep o i n tr cach i n
1/Cc nh nghia :
- in tr cch in: la in tr cua cch in khi t mt in p mt chiu vao cch
in cua thit b in.
- H s hp thu: la t s gia in tr cch in o c sau 60 giy (R60) k t luc
t in p va in tr cch in o sau 15 giy (R15).
- H s phn cc: la t s gia in tr cch in o c sau 10 phut k t luc t
in p va in tr cch in o sau 1 phut.
2/Y nghia cua phep o :
- in tr cch in la hng muc kim tra u tin nh gi s b v tnh trng
cch in cua cc thit b in
- nh gi s bin i cua dng in r qua cch in theo thi gian, khi o in
tr cch in xc nh thm h s hp thu va h s phn cc
3/Phng php o i n tr cch i n:
- Gin tip :
Dng vnmet va ampemet m t chiu o dng i n r cc i n p tiu chun
500V,1000V,2500V,5000V
Rc = U/Ir (M)
U : i n p m t chiu t vao cch i n
Ir :Dng i n r o c
- Phng php trc tip :
Dng Mgamet chuyn dng c i n p trn cc cc o :
500V,1000V,2500V,5000V
Luc nay tr s trn mgm la tr s thc cua Rc
4/Cch o c ban:
M t cc i n p o t vao phn dn i n cua thit b ,cc i n p cn li t vao phn
cch i n cua thit b

5/S dung mgmmet:

o Rc gia phn dn va vo khng loi tr dng r t mch khc

o Rc gia phn dn va vo c loi tr dng r t mch khc

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o Rc gia hai phn dn c loi tr dng r t mch khc

6/ Cng tc chun b :
- Kim tra i tng c thi nghim a c ct in, cch ly hoan toan vi cc
ngun in p, vo thit b phai c ni t.
- Ni t tm thi cc u cc cua i tng c thi nghim, sau tch cc u cc
cua i tng ang ni vao h thng.
- i vi cc loi my in: thc hin thm vic ni tt cc u dy ra cua mi cun
dy c o.
- V sinh cc b mt cch in bn ngoai cua i tng c thi nghim loi tr sai
s o do dng r b mt.
- La chn in p thi nghim, s phep o ph hp vi quy nh cua nganh in i
vi tng i tng thit b c thi nghim.
- Kim tra ngun, cc u ni va dy o cua M-gm-met phai am bao yu cu k
thut.
- u ni s o ph hp quy trnh s dung thit b o.
- Lam hang rao an toan bao v, treo bin bo va c ngi canh an toan.
- Ghi nhn cc gi tr nhit mi trng t nhit k .
- Khi thi nghim my in : ghi thm nhit du, nhit cun dy t cc ng h
nhit lp trong i tng o.
- Tho cc ni t tm thi ang ni trn cc u cc cua i tng c thi nghim.
7/ Tin hanh o va ly s liu :
- Chn in p thi nghim trn thit b o v v tri in p thich hp.
- Cp ngun thi nghim trn thit b o v v tri ON ng thi theo di ng h thi
gian.
- Ghi nhn li cc gi tr in tr cch in cc :thi im 15 giy va thi im 60
giy ho c cc thi im khc sau khi t in p o theo yu cu cua phep o.
- o cch i n cua i tng thi nghi m cua my i n theo quy nh :
cch i n cua cc phn dn i n so vi vo
cch i n gia cc phn dn i n so vi nhau
- i vi cc my bin p lc 110kV khi c yu cu th ly thm cc gi tr in tr
cch in ti cc thi im 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10 phut ve c tuyn in tr
cch in theo thi gian va xc nh h s phn cc.
- i vi cc, tu in, khng in : ghi nhn li cc gi tr in tr cch in cc thi
im 15 giy, 60 giy sau khi t in p o theo yu cu cua phep o xc nh h
s hp thu.

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- i vi cc my in tinh, my in quay: khi gi tr o khng n nh th tm thi
ngng o, u tt cc u cc cun dy va u t it nht trong 5 phut xa hoan toan
cc in tich d.
- Sau khi o xong th tt ngun thi nghim, dng sao tip a ni t cc u cc
i tng cn thi nghim nhm xa in tich d.
- u ni s o thich hp vi phep o k tip va tin hanh cc bc tng t o
va ly s liu.
- Sau khi thc hin xong tt ca cc phep o trn mt i tng thit b, cn phai v
sinh thit b o, dn dp va hoan tra s v trng thi ban u
8/X ly s li u :
- Khi nhi t o khc vi nhi t tiu chun ho c nhi t ghi trong ly lch thit
b th phai hi u chinh Rc theo nhi t bng m t h s K2
t=t2-t1
K2
t=t2-t1
K2
1
1.04
10
1.5
2
1.08
15
1.84
3
1.13
20
2.25
4
1.17
25
2.75
5
1.22
30
3.4
t1 :nhi t o trc hay cho trong li lch
t2 :nhi t o o sau
- t> 0 khi quy i v t1 phai nhn vi K2
- t< 0 khi quy i v t1 phai chia vi K2
Vi du : Rc =1000M t1=250c cho trong li lch ,Rc =600M t2=350c quy i v t1
t=10>0 , K2=1.5, : Rc quy i = 600 x 1.5 = 900M
- Tinh h s hp thu Kht=R60/R15
K1.3 cch i n kh ,K <1.3 cch i n b m
- Tinh h s phn cc Kpc=R10/R1
T cc kt qua nay so snh vi tiu chun kt lu n i n tr cch i n
Bai 3 : Phep o i n tr m t chiu
1/Cc nh nghia :
- in tr mt chiu : la in tr thun cua cun dy cc my in c o khi t mt
in p mt chiu vao hai u cc cua cun dy .
2/Y nghia :
- in tr mt chiu cun dy la thng s xc nh tnh trng cc cu truc phn dn
dng trong my in : cun dy chinh, cun dy phn p, cc mi tip xuc cua u
vao va cu truc dn dng bn trong, cc cu truc dn in cua b chuyn nc phn
p...
3/Phng php o
- a/Gin tip :Dng vn met va ampemet

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i n tr m t chiu
R=U/I
U : i n p m t chiu o
I :Dng i n o c
Lu y trong phng php nay cn:
- chn i n tr hn ch thich hp
- i tng thi nghi m c tinh i n cam ln cn tho ng h vn trc khi ngt
mch
- b/Trc tip:
Dng cc cu o i n tr m t chiu nh : P333T
Gi tr th hi n trn cu o la gi tr trc tip

4/Cng tc chun b:
Kim tra i tng c thi nghim a c ct in , cch ly hoan toan vi cc
ngun in p , vo thit b phai c ni t .
- Ni t tm thi cc u cc cua i tng c thi nghim , sau tch cc u cc
cua i tng ang ni vao h thng .
- Kim tra ngun , cc u ni va dy o cua thit b o in tr mt chiu chuyn dung
hoc ng h Ampe, Vn DC (khi o bng phng php V-A) phai am bao yu cu
k thut .
- u ni s o theo nguyn tc : in tr mt chiu cua cun dy my in c
qui nh o cho tt ca cc pha, cc cun dy toan b cc nc phn p cua cun dy
(i vi my bin p) hoc ph hp quy trnh s dung thit b o . Tr s dng in
mt chiu o cn phai khng lam cho nhit cun dy thay i ng k trnh
sai s do nhit (dng o khng c vt qu 20% dng in nh mc cua cun
dy my in)
- Lam hang rao an toan bao v , treo bin bo va c ngi canh an toan .
- Ghi nhn cc gi tr nhit mi trng t nhit k .
- Khi thi nghim my in : ghi thm nhit du , nhit cun dy t cc ng h
nhit lp trong i tng o.
- Tho cc ni t tm thi ang ni trn cc u cc cua i tng c thi nghim
5/Tin hanh o va ly s liu :
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Bt chuyn mch chn thang o dng in va in tr trn thit b o in tr mt

chiu chuyn dung v v tri thich hp.
- Bt chuyn mch cp ngun thi nghim trn thit b o v v tri ON ng thi theo di
n khi in tr n nh th ghi nhn gi tr o .
- Khi tin hanh o in tr mt chiu cun dy bng phng php Vn - Ampe, phai c
in tr iu chinh trong mch o giam thi gian n nh dng o (thi gian qu
cua mch R-L) va tin hanh theo trnh t sau:
- ng ngun mt chiu, dng bin tr iu chinh cho dng in o ph hp vi yu
cu. Ch cho dng in o n nh.
- Nhn nut n o p, trong cng mt thi im, c tr s dng in va in p.
- Nha nut n o p trc khi ct ngun mt chiu (hoc khi thay i nc phn p cua
b iu p di tai)
Lu y : S o in tr mt chiu bng phng php Vn - Ampe:

A a

UDC
-

B b

C c

Sau khi o xong th tt ngun thi nghim , dng sao tip a ni t cc u

cc i tng cn thi nghim nhm xa in tich d .
6/X ly s li u :
Khi nhi t o khc vi nhi t tiu chun ho c ghi trong ly lch my cn phai quy i v
m t nhit
- Cng thc tinh qui i in tr mt chiu theo nhit :
235 t 2
235 t 1
245 t 2
R t1 *
245 t 1

- Vt liu ch to cun dy bng ng:

R t 2 R t1 *

- Vt liu ch to cun dy bng nhm:

R t2

Rt1:i n tr o nhi t t1,Rt2:i n tr o nhi t t2

T1 nhi t o ln trc , t2 nhi t o ln sau
- Tinh ton sai s theo phn trm
- Trn c s so snh vi tiu chun a ra kt lu n
Bai 4: Phep o ti s bin
1/ Cc nh nghia :
- i vi my bin p lc ,bin i n p ,bin dng i n : ti s bin la h s bin i
gia
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s cp va th cp va m t trong nhng thng s c ban
2/Y nghia :
- Kim tra tinh ung n cua cu truc cun dy. Kt hp vi cc hng muc thi nghim
khc xc nh mc chm chp vng dy.
- Xc nh chc nng cua cc cu n dy
3/Phng php o:

- i tng thi nghi m : la my bin p lc ,my bin i n p th :

Ngun thi nghi m la ngun p ,thit b o lng la ng h vn va c ni song song
- i tng thi nghi m
:la bin dng i n
Ngun thi nghi m la ngun dng ,thit b o lng la ng h ampe va c ni ni tip
4/Cng tc chun b:
- Kim tra i tng c thi nghim a c ct in, cch ly hoan toan vi cc ngun
in p, vo thit b phai c ni t.
- Ni t tm thi cc u cc cua i tng c thi nghim, sau tch cc u cc
cua i tng ang ni vao h thng.
- Tho cc ni t tm thi ang ni trn cc u cc cua i tng c thi nghim.
- La chn ngun thi nghim va thit b o lng thich hp, s lng phep o ph hp
vi quy nh cua nganh in ho c cua nha ch to i vi tng i tng thit b
c thi nghim.
- u ni s o ph hp quy trnh s dung thit b o lng.
- Lam hang rao an toan bao v, treo bin bo va c ngi canh an toan
5/Tin hanh o va ly s liu:
- i tng thi nghi m la bin p i n lc :Xc nh cc nc phn p cn o i vi
tng cp cun dy ph hp vi ly lch my va yu cu kim tra cua nha ch to. Ln
lt tin hanh o tr s cua tt ca cc nc phn p cn o.
- i tng thi nghi m la my bin i n va bin dng i n : Xc nh cc cu n dy
cn o ph hp vi ly lch my va yu cu kim tra cua nha ch to. Ln lt tin
hanh o tr s cua tt ca cc cu n dy cn o.
- Ghi li s liu hin th trn thit b o cua tng phep o. Tinh ton gi tr o theo
hng dn cua qui trnh s dung thit b o ph hp vi s o hin ti.
- Cn so snh i chiu ngay s liu o vi s liu cho trong ly lch my (nhan my)
kim tra kt qua cua tng nc phn p, kp thi pht hin cc sai st, cc trng hp
bt thng trong tng nc phn p.
- u ni s o thich hp vi phep o k tip va tin hanh cc bc tng t o
va ly s liu.
- Sau khi thc hin xong tt ca cc phep o trn mt i tng thit b, cn phai v sinh
thit b o, dn dp va hoan tra s v trng thi ban u.
Bai 5 : Phep xac inh cc tinh va t u dy
1/Cc nh nghia :
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Cc tinh la s quy c khi ta chn m t u cua m t cu n dy lam cc tinh th m t

u nao cua m t cu n dy cn li se c cng cc tinh.
- Cc tinh cun dy c y nghia tng i. Hai cun dy (hay nhiu cun dy) c lin h
h cam se c khi nim cc tinh tng i so vi nhau: Cc cun dy c gi la c
cng cc tinh (tng ng vi mt cch qui c tn gi cc u cc cua chung) khi
vect in p cam ng trong tng cun dy u cng phng cng chiu.
2/ Y nghia
- Lam c s cho vi c xc nh t u dy cua my bin p lc ,chiu quay cua n g c
i n 3 pha
- Lam c s cho vi c u ni cc cu n dy phia th cp cua my bin i n p , my
bin dng i n phuc vu cho cng tc o lng o m ,bao v r le
3/ Phng php xc nh cc tinh cu n dy :
- S thi nghi m : gm ngun m t chiu va m t vn k chi khng

Khi cho xung i n p m t chiu vao hai u cu n dy va quy c u cu n dy

c ni vao cc dng cua ngun i n la cc tinh
- Hai u cua cu n dy cn li c ni vi vn k chi khng
- Khi ta bt u cp xung i n p m t chiu th vn k chi khng se l ch v phia
dng
- u dy nao c ni vi cc dng cua vn k chi khng c xem c cng cc tinh
vi u dy ni vi cc dng cua ngun m t chiu
- Trn hnh ve khi ta ng cu dao va vn k chi khng l ch v phia + th u a va u
c c cng cc tinh
Nu i tng thi nghi m la my bin i n p hay my bin p m t pha va my bin
dng i n th p dung phng php nay
Nu i tng la my bin p i n lc ba pha , my bin i n p ba pha thng s dung
phng php xung m t chiu ba tr s xc nh t u dy
4/Xc nh t u dy bin p i n lc ba pha , my bin i n p ba pha :
a/nh nghia :
- T u dy my bin p c xc nh la chi s cua vec t in p th cp (nh chi s
gi cua kim gi) khi cho vec t in p s cp (la kim phut) ang chi vao s 12 trn
mt ng h.
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Cn lu y cc h thng vec t in p s cp va th cp phai la cc h thng vec t

th t thun th khi nim t u dy mi c nghia (c nh vy, toan b h thng vec
t u quay ng b theo chiu dng "ngc chiu kim ng h", gc lch pha
tng i gia cc h thng vec t mi khng i).
- T u dy my bin p la mt thng s cu truc c ban, th hin gc lch pha tng
i (gn ung) gia cc h thng vec t in p s cp va th cp.
b/ Y nghia thng s t u dy :
- La c s p dung cc s thich hp tin hanh thi nghim cc thng s cua my
bin p va p dung cc cng thc tinh ton qui i kt qua thi nghim.
- La mt trong nhng iu kin xem xet va tinh chn phng n u ni vn hanh
song song my bin p.
- Tinh ton bao v r le.
- Phi hp trong u ni s mch dng th cp cua bao v r le (nht la bao v so
lch dc).
c/Phng php xung m t chiu ba tr s :

Nguyn tc :
- a dng i n di dng xung vao phia s cp my bin p , ni cu u A va C a
vao cc m , u B ni vi + cc dng
- Cp xung ln th nht ng thi c chiu l ch kim trn vn met chi khng ang
c mc vao pha ab ( cc + ni vi a ) ,ghi vao bang
- Cp xung ln th hai ng thi c chiu l c h kim trn vn met chi khng ang c
mc vao pha bc ( cc + ni vi b ) ,ghi vao bang
- Cp xung ln th ba ng thi c chiu l ch kim trn vn met chi khng ang c
mc vao pha ac ( cc + ni vi a ) ,ghi vao bang
- Quy c vnmet chi khng l c h v phia + th ghi du +, phia ghi du - ,khng l c h
th ghi 0
- Sau ba ln cp xung th tra bang xc nh t u dy
Bang 1: Cc tinh xung mt chiu ba tri s va t u dy tng ng ca may bin ap
T u dy

Cc tinh xung in p cam ng khi c xung dng

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1
+
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0
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3
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4
+
0
+
5
+
+
6
+
0
7
+
8
0
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0
11
+
12
+
0
5/Xc nh cc tinh cua cu n dy ng c ba pha :
a/Khi ni m
:
Th t pha cua cu n dy ba pha la quy c cc u dy cua cua ng c i n ba pha khi
ta u chung vi li i n ba pha th t thu n th ng c se quay theo chiu thu n
(truc quay ng c se quay theo chiu kim ng h khi nhn t phia truc ng c)
b/Y nghia :
- Lam c s cho vic u ni cc cu n dy cua ng c ph hp vi i n p lam vi c
cua ng c
c/Phng php o
Cch thc hi n tng t chi cp xung m t ln va o trn hai cu n dy cn li .Khi cp
xung vn met chi khng l ch tri
6/ Cng tc chun b :
- Kim tra i tng c thi nghim a c ct in, cch ly hoan toan vi cc ngun
in p, vo thit b phai c ni t.
- Ni t tm thi cc u cc cua i tng c thi nghim, sau tch cc u cc
cua i tng ang ni vao h thng.
- Tho cc ni t tm thi ang ni trn cc u cc cua i tng c thi nghim.
- u ni s o ph hp quy trnh s dung thit b o.
- Lam hang rao an toan bao v, treo bin bo va c ngi canh an toan.
7/Tin hanh o va ly s li u :
a/o cc tinh cun dy
- Xc nh cc i tng o vi tng cp cun dy ph hp vi ly lch my va yu cu
kim tra cua nha ch to. Ln lt tin hanh o cc tinh cua tt ca cc cp cun dy
cn o theo hng dn cua thit b o cc tinh chuyn dung hoc o cc tinh xung
in p cam ng khi c xung dng in p t vao u cun dy kia.
- Nu trong ca hai qu trnh ng xung (xung dng) va ct xung (xung m), cc tinh
in p ti cun dy o cc tinh u ging nh cc tinh xung a vao cun dy cp
xung th hai cun dy la cng cc tinh va ngc li.
- Cn so snh i chiu ngay cc tinh o vi cc tinh cho trong ly lch my (nhan my)
kim tra kt qua cua tng cp cun dy, kp thi pht hin cc sai st, cc trng
hp bt thng khng ph hp vi nhan my.
b/Kim tra t u dy cua my bin p
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Tin hanh u s o i vi tng cp cun dy theo bang , o xung mt chiu ba tr

s, ghi li cc gi tr cc tinh. Tra bang bit c t u dy tng ng vi t hp
cc tinh o c.
- Tin hanh kim tra t u dy theo chiu ngc li, kt qua t hp cc tinh o c
cn phai i xng vi t u dy a xc nh trong phep th thun qua chi s 12
(vi du : 1 i xng vi 11, 2 i xng vi 10, 3 i xng vi 9, ...)
Trong trng hp phep o thun va nghch c chi s t u dy khng i xng qua chi
s 12, cn phai xc nh th t tn pha va th t pha cua hai phia c trng nhau hay
khng.
- Lu y :khi thc hi n phep kim tra ngc xung i n p cam ng phu thu c vao ti s
bin ti s bin cang ln xung i n pcang ln c th gy ra gi t i n vacn chn vn
k thich hp o
Bai 6 Phep o h s tn hao i n mi cach i n
1/Cc nh nghia :
- H s tn hao in mi (Tg hay DF) la ti s gia thanh phn tc dung va thanh phn
phan khng cua dng in r qua cch in khi t trong mt in trng (in p)
xoay chiu U
Tg =I td/ Ipk
- Cht lng cua cch i n c phan nh bng tn hao cng sut P trong cch i n

P=U x Itd
= U x Ir x cos =
U x Ipk x Tg
= U x Tg x (U/Xc)
=
U 2 x C x Tg
trong U , C khng i nn P phu thu c vao Tg
2/Y nghia :
- Thi nghim h s tn tht in mi (Tg hay DF) dng xc nh cht lng cch
in chinh cua my in ni chung va my bin p ni ring.
- Tg ln cch i n m ,Tg nho cch i n kh
3/ Phng php o
o Tg ta thng dng cu o Tg (theo h nga cu)

S nay cn goi s thu n

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a/ Cu to :
- TP my bin p thi nghi m
- Cx i n dung cua i tng thi nghi m
- Co i n dung mu
- G ganovamet cn bng
- R3 i n tr iu chinh
- C4 i n tr iu chinh
- Cc khe h phng i n
b/ Nguyn ly lam vi c : Khi t vao cch i n m t i n p xoay chiu ,trong cch i n
c dng i n I chy qua .Phn tich dng i n I nay thanh hai thanh phn :thanh phn tc
dung Itd va thanh phn phan khng Ipk
Tg =I td/ Ipk =Ptd/Ppk =I2Rx/I2Xx = CxRx
Khi cu cn bng
Tg= CxRx = C4R4
Trong ch to ngi ta chn gi tr R 4=10000/ =3183 thay vao, khi s dung dng i n
tn s 50Hz va i n dung tinh ton la F ta c Tg=C4 . Ngi ta khc C4 theo
phn trm .Khi iu chinh cu cn bng ta c tr s o Tg% trc tip .
i vi cc loi cu o Tg khc th tr s c tinh theo hng dn cua nha ch to
c/Cc s o Tg
c hai s o : o thu n va o nghch
1/o thu n (nh a trnh bay ) thng p dung cho i tng thi nghi m khng c im
nao ni t . S nay rt it s dung
2/o nghch :
- Dy cao p cua bin p thi nghi m c ni vao vo cu o (vo cu o c cch ly
vi t )

S nay c nhc im
- dng r b m t cch i n cn o ,Tu Co ,dy do u qua ganavamet nn gy sai s o
nhng thc t hay dng v phn ln cc i tng thi nghi m u c m t u ni t
4/Cng tc chun b
- Kim tra i tng c thi nghim a c ct in, cch ly hoan toan vi cc ngun
in p, vo thit b phai c ni t.
- Ni t tm thi cc u cc cua i tng c thi nghim, sau tch cc u cc
cua i tng ang ni vao h thng.
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- V sinh b m t va lau kh b m t i tng o i tng thi nghi m
- Tho cc ni t tm thi ang ni trn cc u cc cua i tng c thi nghim.
- u ni s o ph hp quy trnh s dung thit b o.
- Lam hang rao an toan bao v, treo bin bo va c ngi canh an toan
5/Tin hanh o va ly s li u :
- c lng s b gi tr R3 va C4 va t gi tr
- Tng i n p n m t gi tr thp hn gi tr yu cu o , iu chinh R3 va C4 o cc
gi tr ln cho cu tng i cn bng
- Tip tuc tng n gi tr yu cu va , iu chinh R3 va C4 cc gi tr tinh chinh
- Trong qu trnh o khng th cn bng cu c th do nhiu i n trng mnh cn phai
tm bi n php kh nhiu
- Khi o cn p p dung cc bi n php giam sai s :
Lp vng chn dng r b m t i tng thi nghi m ri ni vi u chng nhiu
cua cu o .S dung ngun c it sng hai b c cao
Bai 7 Phep o khng tai
1/Cc nh nghia :
Cc thit b i n khi lam vi c trng thi khng tai tiu thu m t lng cng sut t
ha li thep phn cng sut nay gi la tn hao khng tai va c xc nh qua phep o
khng tai .
2/Y nghia :
- Ly s li u lam c s so snh s liu dng in khng tai va tn hao khng tai vi s
liu xut xng
- Nu dng khng tai hoc tn hao khng tai o c ti v tri lp t sai khc
(ln hn) qu ngng cho phep so vi s liu xut xng chng to my i n
a b cc tc ng trong qu trnh chuyn ch lam x lch li thep, gng t, lam
chm chp cc l thep trong li thep.
- Nu dng khng tai tng vt bt thng chng to kha nng my i n
b chp
vng hoc ngn mch pha (trng hp ngn mch pha thng chi pht hin
c khi in p o la ng k so vi in p nh mc cua cun dy).
3/ Phng php o

- i tng thi nghi m : la my i n xoay chiu m t pha :

Ngun thi nghi m
la ngun i n p xoay chiu m t pha ,thit b o lng la ng h
vn ampe , Oat met m t pha
- i tng thi nghi m : la my i n xoay chiu ba pha :
Ngun thi nghi m la ngun i n p xoay chiu ba pha ,thit b o lng la ng h vn
ampe va Oat met ba pha
4/Cng tc chun b:
- Kim tra i tng c thi nghim a c ct in, cch ly hoan toan vi cc ngun
in p, vo thit b phai c ni t.
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Ni t tm thi cc u cc cua i tng c thi nghim, sau tch cc u cc

cua i tng ang ni vao h thng.
- Tho cc ni t tm thi ang ni trn cc u cc cua i tng c thi nghim.
- La chn ngun thi nghim va thit b o lng thich hp, s lng phep o ph hp
vi quy nh cua nganh in ho c cua nha ch to i vi tng i tng thit b
c thi nghim.
- u ni s o ph hp quy trnh s dung thit b o lng.
- Lam hang rao an toan bao v, treo bin bo va c ngi canh an toan
5/ Tin hanh o va ly s li u :
- Nng dn ngun thi nghi m n gi tr i n p nh mc ,ng thi c cc gi tr
trn thit b o lng
- Trong qu trnh nng cn theo di c hi n tng xay ra
- Thi nghim nay cn phai tin hanh trc khi tin hanh thi nghim o in tr cun
dy bng dng in mt chiu. Khi li thep my in b t ha mt chiu, dng in
khng tai cung tng ln lam cho thi nghim khng tai khng c chinh xc cn thit
pht hin nguyn nhn gy nn tng dng khng tai.
- Trong trng hp nghi ng nguyn nhn gy ra s tng dng khng tai la do li thep
a b t ha mt chiu, ta cn tin hanh bin php kh t ha mt chiu li thep my
i n ri tin hanh li thi nghim khng tai.
Bai 8 :Phep o ngn mach
1/Khi ni m :
Cc thit b i n khi lam vi c trng thi c tai u tiu hao m t lng cng sut di
dng nhi t do i n tr cua cc cu n dy phn cng sut nay gi la tn hao ngn mch va
c xc nh qua phep o ngn mch .
2/Y nghia
- Thi nghim ngn mch xc nh hai thng s c ban cua my i n : Thng s in p
ngn mch va tn hao ngn mch. Cc thng s nay c s dung trong cc trng
hp sau:
o Tinh ton xc nh hiu sut my i n.
o Tinh ton xc nh bin i in p theo phu tai cua my i n
o Tinh chn vn hanh song song my bin p.
o Tinh ton vn hanh kinh t .
o Tinh chn gi tr tc ng cua bao v r le.
3/Phng php o
a/i tng thi nghi m la my i n tinh :my bin p

Ngun thi nghi m la ngun xoay chiu ,thit b o lng :vnmet ,ampemet,oatmet
- a ngun thi nghi m vao m t cu n dy (thng la phia cu n dy cao p ) .u tt
cu n dy cn li
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Nng dn i n p ngun thi nghi m cho n khi dng i n trong cu n dy bng

dng i n nh mc
b/i tng thi nghi m la my pht i n

u tt cc u ra cua cc cu n dy stato
Nng dn dng kich t cho n khi dng i n trong cu n dy stato bng gi tr nh
mc
Bai 9 Phep th cao th bng i n ap chinh lu (m t chiu) va o dong ro
1/ Cc nh nghia :
- Dng in r : La dng in chy trn b mt cua cch in khi t mt in p chinh
lu vao cch in cua thit b in .
- in p th : La in p t vao vt liu cch in cua cc thit b in.
- Tr s dng in r: la tr s dng in o c sau 01 phut k t luc in p th t
n tr s a la chn
2/Y nghia
- Hng muc kim tra nh gi v tnh trng cch in cua cc thit b in
- Thm d s h hong cuc b cua v t li u cch i n
- La thng s chinh xc nh cht lng thit b i vi mt s loi chng set van
- Thng qua s bin i cua dng in r qua cch in theo thi gian thi nghim , c
th nh gi c mc suy giam cht lng cua vt liu cch in.
3/Phng php th :

TN t ngu iu chinh
TP Bin p to p
P mo phng
R i n tr hn ch phng
CL chinh lu cao p
Cx la i tng thi nghi m
CT cng tc cao p ni tt ng h A ,khi cn ly s li u dng th nhn CT
4/Cng tc chun b :
- Kim tra i tng c thi nghim a c ct in , cch ly hoan toan vi cc
ngun in p , vo thit b phai c ni t .
- Ni t tm thi cc u cc cua i tng c thi nghim , sau tch cc u cc
cua i tng ang ni vao h thng .
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i vi cc loi my in : Thc hin thm vic ni tt cc u dy ra cua mi cun

dy c o .
- V sinh cc b mt cch in bn ngoai cua i tng c thi nghim loi tr sai
s o do dng r b mt .
- La chn in p thi nghim , s phep o ph hp vi quy nh cua nganh in i
vi tng i tng thit b c thi nghim ho c theo yu cu cua nha san xut .
- Kim tra ngun , cc u ni va dy o cua thit b phai am bao yu cu k thut .
- u ni s o ph hp quy trnh s dung thit b o .
- Lam hang rao an toan bao v , treo bin bo va c ngi canh an toan .
- Ghi nhn cc gi tr nhit mi trng .
- Khi thi nghim my in : ghi thm nhit du , nhit cun dy t cc ng h
nhit lp trong i tng o.
5/Tin hanh o va ly s li u :
- Chn in p thi nghim trn thit b o v v tri in p thich hp.
- Cp ngun thi nghim trn thit b o .
- Tng dn in p th n in p a la chn. Tc tng in p 2.5KV/giy.
- Ghi nhn gi tr dng in r thi im 60 giy sau khi in p th t n gi tr a
la chn .
- i vi cc thit b cn kim chng li tr s in tr cch in : ghi nhn cc gi tr
dng in r cc thi im 15 giy, 60 giy sau khi in p th t n gi tr a la
chn xc nh in tr cch in va h s hp thu .
- i vi cc my in tinh , my in quay : khi gi tr o khng n nh th tm thi
ngng o , u tt cc u cc cun dy va u t it nht trong 5 phut xa hoan
toan cc in tich d .
- Sau khi ghi nhn gi tr o th giam in p v 0, ct ngun thi nghim , dng sao tip
a ni t cc u cc i tng cn thi nghim nhm xa in tich d .
- Sau khi thc hin xong tt ca cc phep o trn mt i tng thit b ,cn phai v sinh
thit b o , dn dp va hoan tra s v trng thi nh khi a nhn ban u
Bai 10 Phep th cao th bng i n ap co tn s 50Hz
1/Cc nh nghia :
- bn cch in : La kha nng chu ng in p xoay chiu cch in chinh cua
thit b ma khng b ph huy hoc chc thung.
- in p th : La in p t vao vt liu cch in cua cc thit b in.
- Cch in c xem la bnh thng: nu trong qu trnh th khng xay ra hin tng
phng in chc thung hoc phng in b mt .
2/Y nghia :
- Hng muc kim tra chinh nh gi v tnh trng cch in cua cc thit b in
- Kim tra ch n ng n nht cch i n chu ng trong m t phut ma tinh cht
cachs i n khng bi ph huy .
3/Phng php th :

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AB thit b ngt t ng
A thit b iu chinh i n p
TP Bin p to p
Cx i tng th nghi m
4/ Cng tc chun b :
- Kim tra i tng c thi nghim a c ct in , cch ly hoan toan vi cc ngun
in p , vo thit b phai c ni t .
- Ni t tm thi cc u cc cua i tng c thi nghim , sau tch cc u cc
cua i tng ang ni vao h thng .
- i vi cc loi my in : Thc hin thm vic ni tt va ni t cc u ra cua cc
cun dy khng th nghim .
- V sinh cc b mt cch in bn ngoai cua i tng c thi nghim .
- La chn in p thi nghim , ph hp vi quy nh cua nganh in i vi tng i
tng thit b c thi nghim .
- Kim tra ngun , cc u ni va dy o cua thit b phai am bao yu cu k thut .
- u ni s o ph hp quy trnh s dung thit b o .
- Lam hang rao an toan bao v , treo bin bo va c ngi canh an toan .
- Ghi nhn cc gi tr nhit mi trng t nhit k cua NTN .
- Khi thi nghim my in : ghi thm nhit du , nhit cun dy t cc ng h
nhit lp trong i tng o.
- Tho cc ni t tm thi ang ni trn cc u cc cua i tng c thi nghim .
5/Tin hanh o va ly s li u :
- Chn in p thi nghim trn thit b o v v tri in p thich hp.
- Cp ngun thi nghim trn thit b o .
- Tng dn in p th n in p a la chn vi tc tng in p 2.5KV/giy.
- Duy tr in p th trong thi gian 1 phut , sau giam in p v 0, ct ngun thi
nghim , dng sao tip a ni t cc u cc i tng cn thi nghim nhm am
bao an toan .
- Sau khi thc hin xong tt ca cc phep o trn mt i tng thit b ,cn phai v sinh
thit b o , dn dp va hoan tra s v trng thi nh khi a nhn ban u

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Chng 2 : Thi nghi m cac thit bi i n

Bai 1 : Thi nghi m lp mi may bin ap lc cp i n ap t 110KV tr ln
1/Hang muc kim tra bn ngoai :
Xem xet tnh trng bn ngoai
- s u vao : c b nt, b v
- r le hi : Phao c b chm ,ri du
- R le dng du , r le p lc
- B iu p di tai ,khng tai
- ng h chi th nhi t
- Mc du trong my bin p ,b iu p
- B hut m silicagen cua b iu p di tai ,My bin p
- Cc ng c qut mt (nu c)
- ni t vo my
- Cnh tan nhi t , cc tn pha
v.v.v
2/ Hang muc : i n tr cach i n :
Thit b :Mgmmet
Nguyn tc thc hi n:
o i n tr cch i n cua mi cu n dy so cc cu n cn li va vo(t)
Cc cu n dy khng tham gia vao phep o c ni tt va ni vi vo my
- My bin p c 2 cu n dy
Cu n cao so vi : cu n h +vo

Cu n h so vi : cu n cao +vo

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Cun cao so vi cu n h

Khi my bin p c 3 cu n dy o
-Cu n cao so vi : cu n trung +cu n h +vo
-Cu n trung so vi : cu n cao +cu n h +vo
-Cu n h so vi : cu n cao +cu n trung +vo
-Cu n cao so vi cu n trung
-Cu n cao so vi cu n h
-Cu n trung so vi cu n h
Cn xc nh cc tr s i n tr cch i n tai cc thi im 15 va 60 tinh ton h s
hp thu
i vi my bin p c i n p 110KV cn xc nh thm h s phn cc va c tinh
i n tr cch i n theo thi gian
Quy i cc kt qua nhi t tiu chun va nh gi kt qua
3/Hang muc thi nghi m khng tai :
1/Nguyn tc :
Chi thc hi n cho m t cu n dy bt k ,Cu n dy cn o c b phn th khi o cn
chuyn v nc nh mc
Khi c u iu ki n v ngun nn thc hi n n i n p nh mc
Thng thng thi nghi m chn phia cu n dy c i n p thp
Thit b vn ampe otmet
2/s thi nghi m :
a/ my bin p 3 pha

s 2 ot met
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s 3 ot met
b/My bin p m t pha

Dng khng tai c tinh ton

My bin p ba pha

My bin p m t pha

Cng sut khng tai tinh ton

m t pha Po =Pw
Ba pha
Po= Pa + Pc (i vi 2 otmet)
Po=Pa Pb +Pc (i vi 3 ot met)
Trng hp ngun thi nghi m la m t pha va i n p thp th thc hi n thi nghi m
i n p thp sau quy i v nh mc nh mc
o cng sut trn hai pha ,pha khng o c ni tt
Nu cu n dy o la hnh Y

Nu cu n dy o la tam gic
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cng sut tinh ton khng tai i n p thp

Po' = (Poab +Pobc +Poac )/2
Pom

Po (Um

)n

Pom :cng sut khng tai nh mc

U : i n p thp thc t o khng tai
Po : Cng sut khng tai thc t i n p thp
Um
: i n p nh mc
n
: nu U=( 5-10) % Um th n=1,9 thep cn nng
n=1,8 thep cn ngu i
Lu y khi thi nghi m khng tai my bin p bng ngun m t pha :
- cn phai bit s u dy bn trong chn pha ni tt cua cu n dy ang o ,trnh
c sai s do cam ng
- Tin hanh o khng tai trc trnh sai s do t d sinh ra t cc xung m t chiu
- i n p thi nghi m khng nho hn 2% i n p nh mc cua cu n dy
- Khi thi nghi m
kt qua o nhiu ln khng ging nhau ccn phai kh t bng ngun
m t chiu i cc tinh ri o li
Tiu chun :khng c tiu chun ha
* Thng thng dng khng tai pha gia lun nho hn dng khng tai hai pha cn li
Ioa=Ioc = (1.2-1.5)Iob
* Dng khng tai hai pha ba khng c l ch nhau qu 2%
*C th dng phng php so snh vi kt qua thi nghi m xut xng hay ln thi
nghi m trc
4/Hang muc kim tra t u dy :
Nguyn tc : s dung phng php xung m t chiu ba tr s

Thit b: ngun m t chiu c i n p thp (1,5 V -6V)

Vn met c thang o nho (mV)
Tiu chun : T u dy phai ph hp vi s li u xut xng va ghi trn nhan my
Lu y : (xem li bai phep o cc tinh)
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5/Hang muc o i n ap ngn mach
Nguyn tc :
a ngun vao m t cu n dy , cu n kia u tt .i n p a vao sao cho dng i n
trong ngn mch chy trong cu n dy bng nh mc
Thng thng ngn mch cu n c i n p thp
S

thi
nghi m
My bin p m t pha

s thi nghi m My bin p 3 pha

i n p ngn mch dy tinh ton Uk % =( Utn/Um )100

Khi khng c ngun ba pha th cho phep thi nghi m bng ngun m t pha i n p thp

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Dng ngn mch dy trung bnh
Ik =( IA + IB +IC)/3
i n p dy ngn mch trung bnh
Uk =(3/2)x (UAB +UBC+UAC)/3= 0,288(UAB +UBC+UAC)
Cng sut tn hao ngn mch trung bnh :
Pk=(PAB +PBC+PAC)/2
Quy i kt qua v nh mc :
Cng sut ngn mch
Pkm

Pk

(Im/Ik) 2

i n p ngn mch phn trm

Uk% =( ( Uk x Im )/(Um x Ik) ) x100
Lu y :
khi thi nghi m ngn mch m t pha i n p thp i n p thp cho phep t 1/10 n 1/20
i n p nh mc
i vi my bin p c 3 cu n dy cn xc nh cc i n p ngn mch :
Uk% Cao h ,Uk% Trung h
6/Hang muc o ti s bin
Nguyn tc :
o ti s bin tt ca cc nc bin p
Ti s bin cua my bin p la ti s i n p dy cua cu n s cp va cu n th cp khi my
bin p khng tai
S thi nghi m

ti s bin tinh ton

K= U1/U2 U1,U2 i n p dy bn cao va bn h
Khi khng c ngun ba pha c th o ti s bin bng ngun m t pha
My bin p u Y/Y
K= U1/U2
My bin p ni Y/
K= (3/2)x(U1/U2)
My bin p ni /Y
K= (2/3)x(U1/U2)
Lu y :
Khi o ti s bin i n p thi nghi m khng nho hn 1% i n p nh mc
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Khi o cn phai bit s u dy bn trong chn pha ni tt cua cu n dy ,trnh
c sai s do cam ng
Tiu chun : Ti s bin khng c sai khc qu 2% t s bin p cng u phn nhnh
cc pha khc ho c s li u cua nha ch to
My bin p c b iu chinh di tai ,s sai khc cua ti s bin p khng vt qu tr s
cua m t nc iu chinh
7/o tn tht i n mi tg ca cu n dy may bin ap
Nguyn tc :
o tn tht i n mi cc cu n dy c i n p t 20KV tr ln
o tn tht i n mi cua cu n dy so vi cc cu n dy cn li va c ni vi vo
i n p o tn tht i n mi khng qu 10KV
Thit b : cu o tg chuyn dung
Thng thng o tg cua
Tg : Cao Trung +H +vo
Tg : Trung Cao+H +vo
Tg : H Cao +Trung +vo
8/Hang muc :thi nghi m du cach i n
a/o cng cch i n cua du bin p
nguyn tc :
Th i n p phng cua du my bin p
Th i n p phng cua du b iu p di tai
Thit b : my th i n p phng du
Vi mt mu th tin hanh 6 ln nh thung.
Gi tr trung bnh cua in p phng xc nh theo cng thc:
UP

1
n

Pi

(kV)

i 1

Tiu chun :
Gi tr i n p phng trung bnh khng nho hn 35KV(cp i n p t 15-35 ) va 45KV
(cp i n p trn 35 KV)va 60KV (cp i n p 110-220KV),70 KV cp i n p 500KV
b/o tn tht i n mi cua du nhi t 90o C
c/Tp cht c hc phai khng c khi nhn bng mt thng
Ngoai ra cn m t s hng muc o khc c thc hi n trong phng ha du nh
Nhi t chp chy , nht ng hc , tr s axit ,tr s oxy ha ,ham lng m vvv
9/Hang muc :Th nghi m cao th bng i n ap chinh lu (co tinh cht tham khao)
Nguyn tc :
o dng i n r cua mi cu n dy so cc cu n cn li va vo(t)
i n p th nghi m : phu thu c vao cp i n p
6-15 : 10KV , 20-35 :20 KV , 110-220 :40 KV
Thit b my th cao th m t chiu
Tiu chun : khng tiu chun ha , tham khao cc gi tr sau
- so vi cc ln o trc khng c sai khc 50% cua gi tr o ln u tin
- tiu chun cua b cng nghi p n ng
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10/Hang muc o i n tr m t chiu
Nguyn tc :
i n tr m t chiu cua cc cu n dy, trn tt ca cc pha cua mt cu n dy ti cc nc
phn th
Thit b cu o i n tr m t chiu ho c phng php vn-ampe
Tiu chun so snh:
i n tr o c khng c sai khc qu 2% tr s i n tr cua cng u phn th cc
pha khc ho c so vi nha ch to
11/ Hang muc thi nghi m s u vao :
S u vao c thi nghi m :
o i n tr cch i n :Nng rn s ,Rn vo
M gm 1000-2500V , i n tr cch i n khng nho hn 100M
o tn tht i n mi tg va i n dung cua cch i n chinh cua s (gia nng s va rn
s) i n p 10KV
o tn tht i n mi tg cua rn s so vi vo i n p 2KV
Tiu chun : <3% cho cp 110kv ,<2% cp 220KV
12/Kim tra b iu ap di tai :
a/ Kim tra phn c khi :
tinh nguyn vn cua b ph n truyn ng , khng kt c khi
b/Kim tra phn i n iu khin :
S u dy c ung vi thit k
ng c i n iu p
Cch i n cua b iu p
c/Kim tra b Cngtc K
Chu trnh lam vi c cua cc tip im d p la (chup sng b iu p)
d/Kim tra th vng : kim tra hanh trnh cua cc dao la chn
Cng vi c nay chi thc hi n khi nao c tho lp thit b
S thi nghi m

nh du truc truyn ng
ng ngun hai en u sng
Dng tay quay theo chiu tin t nc 3 ln nc 4 va quay va m s vng quay truc
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Khi en 1(2) tt th ghi s vng m c (tip im la chn cu a m)
Quay tip tuc theo chiu cu cho n khi en 1(2) sng li th ghi s vng m c
(dao la chn mi a tip )
Quay tip cho n khi b cng tc K chuyn mch ,ghi s vng m c (b chuyn
mch lam vi c)
Quay tip cho ht s vng cua nc phn th
L p gian va so snh vi nha ch to
L p th cho chiu ngc li 4 v 3
13/Hang muc kim tra cac bin dong chn s :
Cc hng muc cn kim tra sau :
i n tr cch i n cu n th cp :mgm 1000V i n tr cch i n khng nho hn 1M
Ti s bin
Dng i n t ha
14/ Kim tra cac thit bi phu tr :
- H thng qut mt :
ng c qut mt : Rm t chiu ,R cch i n , Dng i n tai,Chiu quay
Th ch iu khin : bng tay ,t ng
ng c bm du Rm t chiu ,R cch i n , Dng i n tai,Chiu quay
- Th ch iu khin : bng tay ,t ng:
Bai 2 : Thi nghi m lp mi bin ap lc cp i n ap 35KV
1/Kim tra tnh trng bn ngoai
- s u vao : c b nt, b v
- r le hi : Phao c b chm ,ri du
- ng phng n (r le phng n)
- B chuyn nc phn th
- ng h chi th nhi t
- Mc du thng du phu
- B hut m silicagen cua My bin p
- ni t vo my
- Cnh tan nhi t , cc tn pha
v.v.v
2/Kim tra cch i n
Nguyn tc thc hi n:
o i n tr cch i n cua mi cu n dy so cc cu n cn li va vo(t)
Cc cu n dy khng tham gia vao phep o c ni tt va ni vi vo my
Cu n cao so vi : cu n h +vo
Cu n h so vi : cu n cao +vo
Cn o li i n tr cch i n sau khi th cao th xoay chiu
3/Hng muc thi nghi m khng tai :
/Nguyn tc thc hi n :
Chi thc hi n cho m t cu n dy bt k ,Cu n dy cn o c b phn th khi o cn
chuyn v nc nh mc
Khi c u iu ki n v ngun nn thc hi n n i n p nh mc
Thng thng thi nghi m chn phia cu n dy c i n p thp
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4/ Hng muc kim tra t u dy
i vi my bin p phia cao p ho c h p ma cu n dy c hai cp i n p cn phai
kim tra cho cc cp i n p
5/Hng muc kim tra ngn mch :
i vi my bin p phia cao p ho c h p ma cu n dy c hai cp i n p cn phai
kim tra cho cc cp i n p
6/Hng muc kim tra ti s bin
i vi my bin p phia cao p ho c h p ma cu n dy c hai cp i n p cn phai
kim tra cho cc cp i n p
7/Hng muc o tn tht i n mi tg
Chi thc hi n cu n dy c cp t 22KV tr ln .
Nu c hai cp i n p thc hi n cho cho cp cao nht
8/Hng muc o i n tr m t chiu
i vi my bin p phia cao p ho c h p ma cu n dy c hai cp i n p cn phai
kim tra cho cc cp i n p
9/Hng muc thi nghi m du cch i n
Cn thi nghi m cc hng muc lam c s ban u
10/Hng muc th nghi m cao th i n p chinh lu
12/Hng muc th nghi m cao th i n p xoay chiu tng cao
Th nghi m : Cao H +vo
H Cao +vo
Ty theo loi cch i n giam nh tiu chun th nghi m c thp hn lai cch i n bnh
thng
13/Kim tra cc phn phu tr (nu c)
Bai 3 Thi nghi m inh ky may bin ap
1/Kim tra tnh trng bn ngoai
2/Hng muc o i n tr cch i n
3/Hng muc thi nghi m khng tai
Chi thi nghi m khi cn thit
4/Hng muc thi nghi m t u dy:
Chi tin hanh khi cn thit
5/Hng muc thi nghi m ngn mch :
Chi thi nghi m khi cn thit
6/Hng muc kim tra ti s bin
Chi tin hanh khi cn thit
7/ Hng muc o tn tht i n mi
8/Hng muc thi nghi m du cch i n
Tp cht c hc
o i n p phng
Ham lng m
Ham lng axit
Nhi t chp chy
nht ng
Nu Tg cu n dy ln cn o thm Tg cua du
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9/Hng muc thi nghi m cao th i n p chinh lu
10/Hng muc thi nghi m cao p xoay chiu
11/Hng muc o i n tr m t chiu
o ti nc ang v n hanh i vi my bin p khng c b iu p di tai
12/Hng muc kim tra s u vao
o cch i n gia rn s va vo nng s va rn (cch i n chinh cua s)
o tn tht tg cua cch i n chinh
13/Hng muc thi nghi m
b iu p
Chup sng b iu p
14/Hng
muc
kim
tra
bin
dng
chn
s
15/
Kim
tra
cc
thit
b
phu
kim tra cc ng c i n
Bai 4 : Thi nghi m May bin i n ap
1/Hng muc kim tra bn ngoai
- tnh trng s u vao
- tip a thn my
- Bnh silicagen
- Cc ki hi u cu n dy
- Nhan my
- r ri du
i vi TU m t pha kiu tu kim tra thm
- Khi tu chia p
2/Hng muc o i n tr cch i n :
Cao H 1+H2 +vo
H 1 Cao + H 2 + vo
H 2 Cao + H 1 + vo
o cch i n cua cc cu n h dng megam 1000V
i vi Tu kiu tu :
o i n tr cch i n cua khi bin p trung gian
o i n tr cch i n cua khi tu chia p
Sau khi th nghi m cao th xoay chiu ho c th cch in vng bng i n p cam ng
cn phai o li i n tr cch i n
3/Hng muc o dng khng tai va ng xung kich (khng thc hi n i vi Tu kiu tu)
a i n p vao cu n h 1 ho c h 2 bng i n p nh mc o dng khng tai
Sau ng xung kich 5 ln (vi c nay chi thuc hi n trong thi nghi m lp mi )
i vi Tu ba pha khi thi nghi m khng tai tin hang ln lc tng pha
4/Hng muc thi nghi m cao th xoay chiu
Chi thc hi n vi Tu kiu cam ng khng c cch i n giam nh.
Cao h1+ + h2 +vo
Th cao th xoay chiu cu n h so vi cc cu n h + vo + t i n p th 1KV
Cc TU kiu tu th nghi m theo hng dn nha ch to
5/Hng muc th cch i n vng bng i n p cam ng
Chi thc hi n vi Tu kiu cam ng
a i n p vao cu n h 1 ho c h 2 bng 1,3 i n p nh mc thi gian th 2 phut
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6/Hng muc thi nghi m cc tinh cc cu n dy
Chi thc hi n thi nghi m lp mi
7/Kim tra ti s bin
Sai s cho phep nm trong sai s cua dung cu o
8/o i n tr m t chiu:
i vi Tu kiu cam ng : kim tra tt ca cc cu n dy
i vi Tu kiu tu :chi kim tra phn th cp
Sai s cho phep khng ln hn 2%
9/Hng muc o i n dung va tn tht i n mi tg cua tu chia p
Chi thc hi n vi kiu tu
Bai 5 :Thi nghi m May bin dong i n
1/ Hng muc Kim tra bn ngoai :
- tnh trng s u vao
- tip a thn my
- Bnh silicagen
- Cc ki hi u cu n dy
- Nhan my
- r ri du
2/Hng muc o cch i n :
o cch i n cua tt ca cc cu n
o cch i n cua cc cu n h dung mgam 1000V
Sau khi th nghi m cao th xoay chiu cn phai o li i n tr cch i n
3/Hng muc kim tra cc tinh cc cu n dy
Hng muc nay chi thc hi n i vi thi nghi m lp mi ho c thc hi n khi cn thit
4/Hng muc o ti s bin
Nguyn tc : bm dng vao cun cao o dng cu n h
i vi ti phia h c nhiu cu n dy cn thi nghi m
tt ca cc cu n dy
Ho c Ti c cu n cao, cu n h c nhiu ti s bin cn thi nghi m tt cc ti s bin

Trong thi nghi m nh k chi kim tra ti ti s ang v n hanh .C th kim tra gn ung
ti s bin bng cch to dng vao cu n h va o i n p trn cu n cao p c h mch
luc nay ti s bin bng vi ti s i n p trn cu n h va i n p trn cu n h.
5/Hng muc o i n tr m t chiu
o tt ca cc cu n dy k ca cu n cao p
Chi tin hanh trong thi nghi m lp mi ho c khi cn thit
Sai s cho phep khng ln hn 2%
6/Hng muc o c tinh t ha :
Cung cp vao cu n h cc dng i n c tr s t 0 n 1,2 nh mc ng thi o i n
p ri trn cu n h va thit l p ng cong t ha
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Nu nha ch to chi cho phep ly m t im cn phai ly ti im
i cu n dy c nhiu cp i n p th chi thc hi n trn cp c chn lam vi c
Ti phia h c nhiu cu n dy cn thi nghi m cho tt ca cc cu n
c tinh t ha c so snh vi nha ch to ho c Ti cng loi
7/Hng muc o tn hao i n mi :
Thc hi n i vi Ti c cp i n p 35KV tr ln
Cao so vi vo i n p 10 kv
8/ Hng muc th nghi m
du
Thc hi n i vi Ti c cp i n p 35KV tr ln ,thi nghi m i n p phng cua du
9/Th cao th xoay chiu
Ti c cch i n bng cht hu c rn thi gian th nghi m la 5 phut
Ty theo loi cch i n giam nh tiu chun th nghi m c thp hn lai cch i n bnh
thng
i vi bin dong lp chn s may ct ,chn s may bin ap
Th nghi m cc hng muc :
Kim tra bn ngoai
o i n tr cch i n cu n h so vi vo
o i n tr m t chiu cu n h
Kim tra cc tinh
Kim tra ti s bin
Kim tra c tinh t ha
Th cao th xoay chiu cu n h so vi cc cu n h + vo +t i n p th 1KV
Bai 6 : Thi nghi m dao cach ly
1/Hng muc kim tra tnh trng bn ngoai
- S
- B truyn ng c lp ung khng
- dao tip a i kem
- Hot ng cua b tip im phu
- Gi
- Tip a
- Lin ng c gia dao tip a va dao cch ly
- Cc i n tr sy
2/Hng muc Kim tra thao tc truyn ng bng c khi
Khi thao tc ng ct bng c khi cc li dao cch ly c i ht hanh trnh ,dao tip i
c tip xuc tt khng
Kim tra cc cu n i n t dng trong mch lin ng
i vi dao cch ly iu khin bng i n kim tra s u dy iu khin , ng c
i n , th truyn ng bng i n , kim tra cc tip im lin ng hanh trnh
Kim tra truyn ng ng vi i n p iu khin nh mc va cc tiu
3/Hng muc o i n tr cch i n :
tng pha so vi vo
Cn phai o i n tr cch i n sau khi th nghi m cao th xoay chiu
4/Hng muc o i n tr tip xuc :
S li u so snh vi s li u nha ch to
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5/Hng muc th nghi m xoay chiu :
Th nghi m trng thi ng va trng thi ct
Bai 7: Thi nghi m may ct
1/Hng muc kim tra tnh trng bn ngoai :
- Tnh trng s
- Tu truyn ng
- Cc chi th
i vi my ct khi SF :
-ng h chi th p lc khi
-H thng phn phi khi
-S cn bng cua gi chi thc hi n trong thi nghi m lp mi hay khi cn thit
-Kim tra p p lc khi bao dng chi thc hi n trong thi nghi m lp mi
-Kim tra tip im canh bo p lc khi cp 1, cp2 va quy v nhi t tiu chun
-Kim tra ham lng m cua khi SF6
-Kim tra p lc khi np
-Kim tra r ri khi SF6 sau khi np bao nhiu gi theo tiu chun cua nha ch to
chi thc hi n trong thi nghi m lp mi hay khi cn thit
2/Hng muc kim tra tu truyn ng :
Kim tra s y dy c ung vi thit k cua nha ch to chi thc hi n trong thi
nghi m lp mi hay khi cn thit
Kim tra cch i n cua mch iu khin ,cu n ct cu n ng ,m t tich nng ho c
cu n ng i n t Mgm 500V-1000 , tr s khng nho hn 1.0M chi thc hi n trong
thi nghi m lp mi hay khi cn thit
Kim tra thi gian tich nng cua l xo i n p nh mc chi thc hi n trong thi nghi m
lp mi.
i vi vi my ct truyn ng bng khi nen (c p lc) cn kim tra h thng khi nen
Kim tra hot n g ng ct bng c khi
Kim tra hot ng ng ct bng i n
Kim tra hot ng cua mch chng gia gi i kem trong tu truyn ng
Kim tra hot ng ng ct theo cc chu trnh Ct ng ,ng Ct ,Ct ng- ct
Kim tra hot ng cua m t s chc nng khc : sy , cc tip phu cua my ct v.v
3/Hng muc kim tra i n p lam vi c nho nht cua cu n ng cu n ct
Xc nh i n p nho nht ma cu n ct, cu n ng vn lam vi c c
My ct c nhiu cu n ng ho c cu n ct cn phai kim tra tt cc cu n
Tiu chun :so snh vi nha ch to hay Cu n ct khng nho hn 60% Um ,cun ng
khng nho hn 80% Um
4/Hng muc o thi gian ng ct :
thit b thi nghi m : thit b chup sng my ct
Thi gian ng , ct cua cc pha my ct , o khng ng thi cua cc pha my ct
Cc gi tr nay c xc nh trn cc th chup sng
5/Hng muc kim tra i n tr cch i n
o cch i n cua cc pha my ct trc va sau khi th cao th xoay chiu
My ct ang ng : tng pha so vi vo
My ct ang ct : Gia hai tip im tinh trong cng m t pha ,ln cho cc pha
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6/Hng muc o i n tr tip xuc :
thit b : cu o tip xuc , phng php vn ampe mt chiu
in tr tip xuc : la in tr thun cua cc mi ghep ni gia cc chi tit dn in cua
thit b in.
in tr tip xuc la hng muc kim tra nhm nh gi cht lng cc mi tip xuc cua cc
thit b in. Nh vao cc phep kim tra nay ma ngi s dung thit b c th sm pht
hin ra cc khuyt tt cung nh cc h hong ti cc mi ghep ni, cc im tip xuc trn
my ct
7/Hng muc th cao th xoay chiu cc pha my ct :
Th nghi m my ct trng thi ng : Th cc pha so vi t (A+B+C-Vo)
th khoang cch gia cc pha my ct (pha A+C- B+vo) va (B-A+C+vo)
Th nghi m trng thi ct : gia m t u tip im va u cn li cua tip im (c
ni vi vo) cua cng m t pha
i vi my ct c lng Ti chn s th phai thi nghi m thm Ti chn s
i vi ct du cn thi nghi m i m p phng cua du va tp cht c hc
My ct du c s u vao cn thi nghi m thm s u vao :
Cch i n cua s , tn tht i n mi tg cch i n chinh cua s
i vi my ct hp b cn kim tra dao tip a i kem , s chinh xc c khi cc ngam
hoa th , s nh nhang cua cc lin ng c khi v tri
Bai 8 Thi nghi m chng set
A Chng set van co khe h phong i n khng co i n tr song song
1/Hng muc kim tra bn ngoai :
Kim tra b m t s chng set , nhan chng set , tip a , b m set
2/Hng muc o cch i n
- Thit b thi nghim : thng dng cc Mgmet in t nh: ISOL5003, KYORITSU
3121,.... in p o t 1000V n 2500V DC.
- Phng php o:
+ i vi chng set van in p nho hn 3KV phai dng Mgmet c in p
1000VDC.
+ i vi chng set van in p ln hn 3KV phai dng Mgmet c in p
2500VDC.
+ i vi chng set van nhiu phn t trong 1pha phai o tng phn t ring bit.
3/Hng muc o dng r :
i vi chng set van nhiu phn t trong 1pha phai o tng phn t ring bit.
+ in p th nghim p dung theo hng dn nha ch to chng set tng ng, tiu
chun nganh, tiu chun b cng nghip nng.
+ Nu s dung cc hp b o nh A-70 th nghim cn phai mc thm tu in
cao th song song vi i tng o va phai tr i dng in i qua tu in bng cch
tin hanh th nghim 2 phep o: phep o th nht o dng in tng i qua i
tng o va tu in, phep o th hai o dng in i qua tu in.Trong ca hai phep
o cng tc chn phai nm v tri tng ng vi phu tai in dung.
4/Hng muc th i n p phng tn s cng nghi p:

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+ S dung cc hp b th nghim cao th va nng in p cho n khi chng set van
phng in. Phep o c tin hanh nhiu ln va ly tr s trung bnh, khoang thi gian
tin hanh cc ln o khng nho hn 10 giy.
5/Hng muc kim tra b m set :
Nguyn tc cho xung dng i n ngn hn chy qua b m set ,b m set se m m t
n v
C th dng tu i n a c np i n cho tu i n nay phng i n qua b m set
Chu y dng i n phng nay khng nn qu ln so vi dng nh mc cua b m set
B Chng set van co khe h co i n tr song song
1/Hng muc kim tra bn ngoai : nh A/1
2/i n tr cch i n :nh A/2
3/Hng muc o dng i n r :nh hng muc A/3
4/Hng muc kim tra b dm set : nh A/5
C Chng set van oxit kim loai khng co khe h phong i n
1/Hng muc kim tra bn ngoai : nh A/1
2Hng muc o i n tr cch i n :nh A/2
3/Hng muc o i n p tham khao xoay chiu ( c tinh vn ampe xoay chiu )
- Thit b thi nghim: thng dng cc hp b th nghim cao th nh :A-70, cc xe
cng trnh, thit b o tr s inh thanh phn in tr cua dng in r LCM II.
Thit b o lng phai c t ti ui chng set van va chn chng set phai cch
in vi t.
+ S dung cc hp b th nghim cao th nng in p va c tr s in p ti thi
im dng in r xuyn qua chng set t n tr s dng in tham khao. Tr s dng
in tham khao nay c cho bi nha ch to chng set van.
4/ Hng muc kim tra b m set : nh A/5
D Chng set van oxit kim loai co khe h phong i n :
1/Hng muc kim tra bn ngoai : nh A/1
2/Hng muc o i n tr cch i n : nh A/2
3/Hng muc th i n p phng tn s cng nghi p :nh A/4
4/Kim tra b m set :nh A/5
E Chng set ng
1/ Hng muc kim tra bn ngoai :
Kim tra b m t bn ngoai chng set ,u cc tip a chng set ,nhan chng set , B chi
bo chng set
2/ Hng muc o ng kinh trong (mm)
3/Hng muc o khe h phng i n trong
4/Hng muc o i n tr cch i n : trc va sau khi th phng cao th xoay chiu
5/Hng muc th i n phng cao th xoay chiu
Bai 9 Thi nghi m cap lc cao th
1/Hng muc kim tra bn ngoai :
Kim tra v t li u cch i n : cch i n la loi g : du ,giy tm du, polyetylen khu
mch (XLPE), vv.
2/Hng muc kim tra cch i n :
Mgam in p t 1000V n 2500V DC
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+ i vi cp mt li c man chn in p c t vao gia rut dn in va man
chn kim loi.
+ i vi cp mt li khng c man chn, cp phai c nhung trong nc va in p
c t gia rut dn in va nc.
+ i vi cp nhiu li ma cc li c man chn ring, th in p c t gia tng
rut dn in va man chn kim loi.
+ i vi cp nhiu li ma cc li khng c man chn ring, th in p c t gia
tng rut dn in va tt ca cc rut dn cn li cng vi vo kim loi.
3/Hng muc th chu i n p cao th :
- Thit b thi nghim :Dung cu thng dng la cc hp b th nghim cao th nh A
-70, PGK-70, cc xe cng trnh.
+ Tu theo tinh cht cch in, iu kin th nghim ma s dung in p th nghim
xoay chiu hoc in p th nghim mt chiu.Cp qu dai ho c cng sut thit bi
khng u th khng th th nghi m xoay chiu ma phai th nghi m m t chiu
i vi cp s dung loi vt liu cch in trn c s polyetylen khu mch (XLPE)
phai dng in p th nghim xoay chiu.
+ in p th tra theo tiu chun TCVN 5935-1995 (Muc 14.4d).
+ i vi cp mt li c man chn in p th phai c t trong 5 phut gia rut
dn in va man chn kim loi.
+ i vi cp mt li khng c man chn, cp phai c nhung trong nc c nhit
phng trong thi gian 1 gi, sau in p th c t trong 5 phut gia rut dn
in va nc.
+ i vi cp nhiu li ma cc li c man chn ring, th in p th c t trong 5
phut gia tng rut dn in va man chn kim loi.
+ i vi cp nhiu li ma cc li khng c man chn ring, th in p th c t
trong 5 phut gia tng rut dn in va tt ca cc rut dn cn li cng vi vo kim
loi.
+ Nu s dung cc hp b o nh A -70 th nghim in p mt chiu cn phai
t cng tc nm v tri tng ng vi phu tai in dung.
+ Trong mi trng hp n p th nghim phai nng ln t t n tr s in p cn th
nghim.
Ngoai ra cn m t s hng muc khc it thc hi n nh :
o i n tr ru t cp trn m t n v chiu dai , i n dung cua tng pha ,o tn hao
i n mi
Bai 10 Thi nghi m cap lc ha th
1/Hng muc kim tra bn ngoai : nh cp cao th
2/Hng muc o i n tr cch i n : nh cp lc cao th ,s dung megam 1000V
3/Hng muc o i n tr ru t cp :
Ly mu cua on cp theo n vi chiu dai va o i n tr thun cua mu . sau quy
i v nhi t 20oC va trn km va xc nh sut i n tr (mm2,1m,200C) da vao tiu
chun cua nha ch to ho c khng ln hn 0,09 i vi ru t ng , Khng ln hn
0.0294 i vi ru t nhm
4/ Hng muc th nghi m cao th xoay chiu :
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Th chiu i n p xoay chiu tn s cng nghi p 1000V thi gian 1 phut ho c theo tiu
chun nha ch to
Bai 11 Thi nghi m Cu chi cao th
Cu ch cao th bao gm cu ch ng va cu ch t ri
1/Hng muc kim tra tnh trng bn ngoai :
S , ng ch , tip a gi
2/Hng muc kim tra thng mch
Dng vn nng kim tra s lin mch cua ng ch (cu chay)
3/Hng muc o i n tr cch i n cua gi :
o trc va sau khi th cao th xoay chiu
o cc cc gi cua cu ch so vi t
4/ Hng muc th chu i n th tng cao xoay chiu thi gian m t phut
5/Hng muc kim tra s tip xuc gia ng ch va cc cc cua gi
6/ Hng muc thao tc ng ct : chi thc hi n i vi cu ch t ri
Bai 12 Thi nghi m Tu i n cao th va ha th
1/Hng muc kim tra bn ngoai
Kim tra s cch i n , vo bao che ,tip a vo tu
2/Hng muc o i n tr cch i n :
o i n tr cc u ra cua tu so vi vo , gia hai cc ,xc nh h s hp thu
o trc va sau khi th cao th
3/o i n dung cua tu :
c th dung thit bi o i n dung ho c phng php vn ampe
s o i n dung cua tu n pha

Cx = ( Ix106 )/ x U ( F)
Trong U (V) , I(A) i n p va dng i n o c
=2 f nu (f=50hz) th =314
i vi b tu 3 pha th :
o i n
dung gia m t cc va hai cc cn li c ni tt ,sau hon vi vng trn
C c 3 kt qua o dng cng thc tinh ra cua cc c p cc

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Thu t Ni tt
1
c1.c2
2
c2.c3
3
c3.c1
Tinh ton i n dung gia cc cc cua tu

i n dung o
C3-c1.c2
C1-c2.c3
C2-c3.c1

Ki hi u
C3-1.2
C1-2.3
C2-3.1

C1-2 = (C1-2.3 + C2-3.1 - C3-1.2)/2

C2-3 = (C2-3.1 + C3-1.2 - C1-2.3 )/2
C3-1 = (C3-1.2 + C1-2.3 - C2-3.1)/2
Tinh i n dung cua ca b tu
Cx=(C1-2.3 + C2-3.1 + C3-1.2)/2
4/Hng muc o tn tht i n mi
chi tin hanh i vi tu i n thng tin lin lc ,tu phn chia ,tu trich cng sut
o cc cc so vi vo , gia hai cc
5/Hng muc th chu i n th tng cao xoay chiu
Tu in nng cao cos th nghi m cc cc so vi vo ,gia cc cc
Tu thng tin lin lc th nghi m trn phn t
Tu b dc th nghi m
xoay chiu cc cc so vi vo , th nghi m
m t chiu gia cc cc
Trong trng hp khng u cng sut c th th nghi m m t chiu vi i n p th
nghi m cao hn xoay chiu hai ln
6/Hng muc th ng i n xung kich i n p nh mc
khi c iu ki n th th ng xung kich 3 ln i n p nh mc . Thi gian th nghi m
la m t phut . Khi ng cn kim tra dng i n cc pha khng c khc nhau qu 5%
Bai 13 Thi nghi m may phat i n ng b
1/Hang muc kim tra bn ngoai
kim tra cc b ph n c khi , cht lng v sinh vv
2/Hang muc o i n tr cach i n
trc khi o cn phai ni t cc cu n dy trong 5 phut
o i n tr cch i n cu n dy stato dng megam 2500V
o i n tr cch i n cu n dy ro to megam 500-1000V
o i n tr cch i n cua gi truc rto megam 1000V
o i n tr cch i n cua mch kich thich megam 1000V
o i n tr cch i n cua cc t trch nhi t
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3/Hang muc o i n tr m t chiu :
a/ cu n dy stato u cc u dy a ra ngoai :o cho tng cu n dy trong tng pha
b/cun dy stato khng u cc u dy a ra ngoai : ta o tng c p pha ri tinh ton
ni hnh Y
Ra= (RAB +RAC - RBC )/2
Rb= (RAB +RBC - RAC )/2
Rc= (RBC +RAC - RAB )/2
Ni
Ra = RAB +( (RAB +RAC - RBC ) x (RAB +RBC - RAC ))/ (2 x (RBC +RAC - RAB ))
Rb= RBC +( (RAB +RBC - RAC ) x (RBC +RAC - RAB ))/(2 x (RAB +RAC - RBC ))
Rc= RAC + ( (RAB +RAC - RBC ) x (RBC +RAC - RAB ))/(2 x (RAB +RBC - RAC ))
c/ cu n dy ro to
4/Hang muc o khe h giua roto va stato
hng muc nay chi thi nghi m khi lp mi hay khi sa cha c tho rto
kim tra s ng tm gia roto va stato
s dung thc l c day theo tiu chun o khe h khng khi gia rto va stato
i vi rto cc li o khng di 4 im trn m t m t cc
i vi rto cc n khng di 8 im trn m t m t cc
i vi rtoc chiu dai loi thep <300mm , chi cn o trn m t m t cc
i vi r to c chiu dai loi thep 300mm cn phai o ca hai phia cua m t m t cc
sai l ch tng c p o i di n qua tm ,so vi gi tr trung bnh khong vt qu quy nh
My c P> 150MW cho phep 5% nho hn 150MW 10%
5/Hang muc xac inh cc tinh cu n dy stato
hng muc nay chi thi nghi m khi lp mi hay khi cn thit
Chn bt k cu n dy cua m t pha cp xung i n p m t chiu (1,5V) o i n p trn
cc cu n cn li

mV l ch phai ung cc tinh

6/Hang muc kim tra th t pha
hng muc nay chi thi nghi m khi lp mi hay khi cn thit
cung cp vao rto m t ngun m t chiu thp ,quay rto theo chiu nh du trn thn
my
cc mV se l ch sang phai ri sang tri theo th t A,B,C

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7/ Hang muc xac inh cac thng s qua ca may phat i n
hng muc nay chi thi nghi m khi lp mi hay khi cn thit
s thi nghi m :

Tp my bin p thi nghi m 220/12Vac

Cc dung cu o lng A,W ,V ,Ti
tinh ton thit b thi nghi m :
Tinh dng i n va cng sut thi nghi m
I= (U x Sm)/(2 x 0,15 U2 m ) (A)
P= U xI cosk
(Kw)
U i n p o trn cc u cc stato (V)
Um i n p dy nh mc cua my pht (KV)
Sm Cng sut nh mc cua my pht (MVA)
cosk h s cng sut ngn mch ly 0,2-0,4
xc nh cc thng s :
o ln lc cc thng s sau
UAB , IAB, PAB ,
UBC , IBC, PBC ,
UAC , IAC, PAC
Tinh ton tng tr pha cu n dy stato
ZAB = UAB/2IAB ZBC = UBC/2IBC ZAC = UAC/2IAC ()
i n tr pha cua stato
RAB = PAB/I2AB
RBC= PBC/I2BC RAC = PAC/I2AC ()
Cam khng pha stato
XAB =Z2AB- R2AB XBC =Z2BC- R2BC
XAC =Z2AC- R2AC
Gi tr trung bnh
Ztb= (ZAB + ZBC + ZAC )/3
Xtb = (XAB +XBC + XAC )/3
Rtb = ( RAB + RBC + RAC)/3
i n khng siu qu
dc truc (Xd) ngang truc (Xq)
Xd = Xtb x
Xq = Xtb + x
Trong
x= 0.667 x XAB( XAB XBC ) XBC ( XBC XCA) XAC ( XAC XAB)
i n khng th t nghch X2 Xtb
i n khng phn trm
X% =(( Xtb x Sm )/U2m) x 100
Xtb i nkhng trung bnh (m)
Sm cng sut nh mc (MVA)
U m i n p nh mc (V)
i n tr siu qu dc truc (Rd) ngang truc (Rq)
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Rd = Rtb R
Rq = Rtb + R
Trong
x= 0.667 x RAB( RAB RBC ) RBC ( RBC RCA) RAC ( RAC RAB)
8/Hang muc th chiu i n th m t chiu tng cao va o dong ro theo tng pha
vi c o lng dng r c thc hi n khng di 5 gi tr t 0,2 U max n Umax va
chia thanh cc khoang bng nhau .i vi mi cp i n p duy tr 1 phut va ly cc gi tr
15 va 60 giy .Cc gi tr th nghi m theo tiu chn nha ch to. Vi c th nghi m c
th tng pha cho tng cu n dy cua pha so vi cc pha khc c ni vi vo
9/Hang muc th nghi m cao th xoay chiu
i n p th nghi m theo nha ch to .Thi gian th nghi m 1 phut
Sau khi th nghi m 1 phut giam i n p th nghi m v bng gi tr nh mc my
pht trong thi gian 5 phut kim tra hi n tng phng i n vng quang .
Hng muc nay cn thc hi n theo hng dn cua nha ch to
10/Hang muc thi nghi m khng tai va ngn mach may phat
Hng muc nay chi th nghi m
theo chng trnh c bi t
11/ Thi nghi m ng c i n ng b
ng c i n ng b c tin hanh theo muc 1 n 10
Ring muc thi nghi m cc tinh th mV se l ch tri
Bai 14 Thi nghi m
o i n
tr ni t (tip ia)
1/Hng muc kim tra bn ngoai :
Kim tra s tip xuc gia cc thanh dn ni vo thit b n h thng tip a
Kim tra s thng mch toan h thng
Kim tra ng kinh ln nht cua h thng tip a
2/Hng muc o gi tr i n tr tip a
o i n tr tip a theo phng php trc tip
Dng cu o chuyn dung nh M416
S o

iu chinh cu cn bng
c gi tr trn num iu chinh va nhn vi h s t trn cu gi tr nay la Rn
Cc trong la cc p , cc nm ngoai la cc dng (d)
Khi dng cu o i n tr sut cua t
Ni cu theo s

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Cc cc ng theo ng thng va cch nhau m t khoang L

iu chinh cu cn bng
S= 2 Rn.L (.m)
o Rn phng php gin tip Vn Ampe
A i n tr ni t cn o
B cc phu
C cc d

Cc cc cm thng hang vi Rn cch nhau m t khoang L

Cp ngun chobin p cch ly BT c tri s trn cc ng h
Rn= U/I , S= 2 Rn.L (.m)
Cc s o thc t :
i vi Rn : c t i n ,nha ca c t chng set ,cc trm i n nho

1 cc p , 2 cc dng
i vi Rn : h thng tip a ni mch vng vi nhau nh trm ln

Vi d la ng cheo ln nht cua h thng tip ia theo ban ve thit k

Bai 15 Thi nghi m s cach i n ,thanh cai
S cch i n y la cc s c cch i n rn : gm , cht hu c rn, compoxy vv .
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La s ng s chui s xuyn khng phai cc s u vao my ct my bin p
1/Hng muc kim tra bn ngoai
kim tra b m t s , cc kt cu i kem
2/o i n tr cch i n
o i n tr cch in trc va sau khi th cao th
Dng megam 2500V , chi o khi kh va trc khi lp ln ng dy vv khng nho hn
300M
3/ Hng muc th chu i n p xoay chiu tn s cng nghi p
thi gian th 1 phut i vi s c cch i n gm , 5 phut i vi s c cch i n hu c
rn
4/Hng muc o phn b i n p trn chui s :
chi thc hi n cho s treo thanh chui

t i n p vao chui s va o i n p trn tng phn t s ,dng kp chuyn dung

(vng kim loi) p vao phia trn va di cua m t phn t s treo
C cu o i n p la c cu tinh i n
Lu y cn c bn php an toan trnh tip xuc i n p cao (dng sao cch i n thao
tc o i n p)
i vi s c lp thanh thanh ci ta tin hanh th ca thanh ci
Thi nghi m thanh ci trn va nm trong tu hp b :
1/Kim tra bn ngoai
2/ o cch i n
3/th cao th xoay chiu
tng pha cua thanh ci so vi hai pha cn li va vo , tiu chun th c thp hn so vi th
tng phn t
4/o i n tr tip xuv cc mi ni (ghep) :
chi thc hi n khi c mi ghep va khi lp mi ho c khi sa cha c tho lp
Bai 16 Thi nghi m Cac Dung cu an toan
Dung cu an toan bao gm cc dung cu thao tc : sao cch i n ,tham cch i n ,gng
cch i n ,dy eo an toan (dy an toan),But th i n cao th ,km o i n
1/Hng muc kim tra bn ngoai
2/ o cch i n
3/o dai
thc hi n cho sao cch i n , But th i n cao th ,km o i n
dai cua phn cch i n khng phai chiu dai toan b ma la chiu dai toan b tr i
phn tay nm thao tc
4 /Th cao th xoay chiu :
sao cch i n 35KV tr xung:
3 ln i n p nhng khng nho hn 40KV, thi gian th 5 phut
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sao cch i n 110KV trln
3 ln i n p pha , thi gian th 5 phut
gng tay cch i n cc cp i n p
12KV , thi gian th 1 phut
giay cch i n cc cp i n p ln hn 1KV
mi : 20KV,thi gian th 2 phut ,cu : 15KV,thi gian th 1 phut
Ung ccg i n 1KV
mi : 5KV,thi gian th 2 phut ,cu : 3,5KV,thi gian th 2 phut
tham cch i n
1KV mi : 20KV,thi gian th 2 phut ,cu : 15KV,thi gian th 1 phut
<1KV mi : 7,5KV,thi gian th 2 phut ,cu : 3,5KV,thi gian th 1 phut
i n p th cn t trn toan b chiu dai on cch i n , cho phep chia nho ra th
nhng khng qu 4 on va i n p t vao mi on cn tinh theo i n p t trn
toan b chiu dai va c ng thm 20%
Chi c th nghi m sau khi th bn c
Dung cu gi la th nghi m t khi khi chu c i n p t vao khng c hi n tng
phng i n b m t sau khi ct i n ly tay s khng c hi n tng pht nng cuc b
Bai 17 Cac cng tac thi nghi m hoan chinh m t thit bi cao ap
1/ Cng tc chun b :
a/Xc nh i tng thi nghi m :
i tng thi nghi m se c thi nghi m dng g : Lp mi hay nh k
Nu lp mi cn bit rng i tng ang t ri hay a lp vao h thng
Nu nh k cn bit thm rng i tng ang hot ng hay sau sa cha ai tu
b/Thu th p tai li u lin quan n i tng :
Tai li u m ta chi tit , bin ban thi nghi m xut xng ,nh k , i tu . Cc tai
li u nay c nh n t : nha cp hang , chu quan ly , chu u t , mnh ang c
Tiu chun nh gi i tng :tiu chun nha san xut , tiu chun nha nc , tiu
chun cua nghanh . Cc tai li u c ly t nha cp hang , mnh ang c
c/ chun b v t t va thit b thi nghi m :
Xc nh xem i tng c bao nhiu hng muc , Cn cc thit b loi g , cc dung
cu h tr nh :v t li u v sinh i tng ,dung cu tho lp i tng (cle, cc kha
(tip)),xe cu v v
Cn bao nhiu nhn s , trnh chuyn mn
Ngun thi nghi m c cung cp t u
2/Cng tc tin hanh thi nghi m :
a/ Chun b hi n trng :
Nh n hi n trng thi nghi m
B tri thit b thi nghi m thich hp
Thc hi n cc bi n php an toan : ging dy , t rao chn ,treo cc bin bo an
toan , c ngi gim st cc ngi khng c nhi m vu thi nghi m
b/ Tin hanh thi nghi m
C th thc hi n cc hng muc theo m t trnh t nao ho c ty theo tnh hnh
thit b thi nghi m c khng theo m t trnh t nao
Xc nh thi nghi m theo phng php , theo tiu chun nao
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Lp s thi nghi m
Khi bt u thi nghi m cn thng bo cho ngi gim st bit
Ghi nh n cc s li u thi nghi m
3/Cng tc nh gi s li u thi nghi m

X ly s li u thi nghi m v tiu chun nh gi

nh gi tng hng muc thi nghi m
nh gi toan b cc hng muc
Bo co kt qua cho ngi c trch nhi m

4/Cng tc

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