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TRNG THPT L HON

T: TON- TIN
Li vn long
CNG N TP HC K 1 - TON 10
Nm hc 2011- 2012
PHN L THUYT
I S
Chng 1 : Tp hp, cc php ton trn tp hp
Chng 2: Hm s, tp xc nh hm s, hm s chn, l cch chng minh
Chng 3 : phng php gii phng trnh bc hai bc hai, nh l Viet, cc ng dng ca nh l
Vi-et.Phng php gii phng trinh cha cn v phng trinh cha gi tr tuyn i thng gp .
Chng 4 : Cc tnh cht ca bt ng thc; Bt ng thc Cauchy.
HNH HC
Chng 1 : Cc php ton trn vecto, nm cc quy tc 3 im, quy tc hnh bnh hnh, ta ca 1
im, ca vecto trn h trc Oxy.
Chng 2 : Gi tr lng gic ca mt gc bt k, du ca cc gi tr lng gic; Gc gia hai
vecto, tch v hng gia hai vecto; cc tnh cht ca tch v hng; biu thc ta ca tch v
hng v ng dng
CC DNG BI TP
I- TP HP CC PHP TON TRN TP HP
Bi 1: Tm A B ; A B ; A \ B ; B \ A , bit rng
a/ A = (2, + ) ;
B = [1, 3]
b/ A = (, 4] ;
B = (1, +)
c/ A = [-3; 5] :
B = (2; 7]
CHNG II: HM S BC NHT V BC HAI
Bi 1: Tm tp xc nh ca cc hm s sau:
3 x
3x
a) y
b) y
x2
x4
x
c) y
d) y 2 x x 2 5 x
( x 1) 3 x
Bi 2: Xt tnh chn l ca hm s sau trn TX
4
a/ y = 4x3 + 3x
b/ y x 2 x 5
c/ y = x 1 x 1

d/ y x 1 x 1

e/ y = 1 x + 1 x
Bi 3 Xc nh a, b th hm s y=ax+b :
a) i qua hai im A(0;1) v B(2;-3)
b/ i qua C(4, 3) v song song vi t y =

2
x+1
3

c/ i qua D(1, 2) v c h s gc bng 2

1
2

d/ i qua E(4, 2) v vung gc vi ng thng y = x + 5

Bi 4:Xt s bin thin v v th ham s sau t th xc nh x y 0 v xc nh x y 0
2
a/ y = x 2 - 4x+3
b) y x 2 x
c) y = x 2
d) y = x2 3x
2
Bi 5: Xc nh parabol y = ax +bx+1 bit parabol :
a) i qua hai im A(1;2) v B(-2;11)
b) C nh I(1;0)
c) Qua M(1;6) v c trc i xng c phng trnh l x=-2
d) Qua N(1;4) c tung nh l 0
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Trang 1

Bi 6 Cho hm s y = ax2 + bx + c (a khc 0)

a. Bit th hm s c nh S(1;4) v ct trc tung ti im c tung bng 3. Tm cc h
s a, b, c.
b. Kho st lp bng bin thin v v th hm s vi cc h s a, b, c va tm c.
c. Suy ra th cc hm s y = -x2 + 2|x| + 3 (C)
V y = |-x2 + 2|x| + 3|
d. Bng th bin lun s nghim ca phng trnh: |-x2 + 2|x| + 3| = m -1
Bi 7. Bin lun theo m s nghim ca phng trnh:
2
2
2
a) x 5 x 6 3m 1
b) x 4 x 3 2m 3
c) 2 x x 4m 3 0
Bi 8. Tm m phng trnh sau c nghim duy nht: x 2 2 x 4 x 2 2 x 5 m
2

Bi 9. Tm m phng trnh sau c 4 nghim phn bit:

x 2 x 2 4m 3

2
Bi 10. Tm m phng trnh sau c 3 nghim phn bit: x x 2 5 2m
2
2
Bi 11.Cho hm s: y x 2m 1 x m 1
1. Chng minh rng vi mi m, th lun ct ng thng y x ti hai im phn bit.
2. Tm trn mt phng ta nhng im m th hm s khng th i qua vi mi gi tr
ca tham s m
CHNG III: PHNG TRNH QUY V BC NHT V BC HAI
Bi 1: Gii cc phng trnh sau
1) x x 1 2 x 1
2) 3x2 5x 7 3x 14

3)
5)

x 1 (x2 x 6) = 0
4 x 2 2 x 1 - 1 = 3x

4)

3x 7 x 1 2

6) 3x 2 9 x 1 =

3x2 1
4
7/

x-1
x-1

x2 3x 4
8/
x+4
x+4

9)

10)

x 2 2x 4 2 x

11) x 3 x 2 4 x 2 9

12)

3x 2 9 x 1 x 2

13)

14)

3x 2 9 x 1 x 2

16)

4 1 x 2 x

18)
20)

x 3 7 x 2x 8
x 2 3 x 5 2x

x2 4x 6 x 4
x 2 3x 2 3 x 0

15) 3x 3 3x 1 5
17)
19)

x 1 x 2 x 3
5x 1 3x 2 x 1 0

Bi 2. Gii cc phng trnh sau

1) 2x 1 x 3
3) 2 x 2 3 x 2 2 x 2 3 x 3

2) 2x 2 = x2 5x + 6
4) x 2 x 1 4 x 3

x2 1
x 1

x
5) 2
6)
1
x2
x x6
Bi 3 Gii cc phng trnh sau
x y xy 5
x y xy 11
x y 1
1) 2
2) 2
3) 2
2
2
2
x y xy 7
x y y x 30
x xy y 7
Bi 4 Cho phng trnh : x2 2(m+4)x + m2 - 8 = 0 (1) ; m l tham s .
a) Vi gi tr no ca m phng trnh (1) c hai nghim phn bit x1 , x2 ?
b) Tm mt h thc gia x1 v x2 khng ph thuc m.
c) Tm gi tr ca m A = x1 + x2 - 3x1.x2 t gi tr ln nht .
2
2
Tm gi tr ca m B = x1 x2 x1 x2 t gi tr nh nht
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Ngi son : li vn long

tp k I

Website: http://violet.vn/vanlonghanam n

Bi 5 : Cho phng trnh : x 2 2(m 1) x m 4 0

(1)
a) Chng minh (1) c hai nghim vi mi m.
b) m =? th (1) c hai nghim tri du .
c) Gi s x1 , x2 l nghim ca phng trnh (1) CMR : M = 1 x2 x1 1 x1 x2 khng
ph thuc m.
Bi 6 Tm cc gi tr ca m mi phng trnh sau c bn nghim phn bit :
a) (m+ 3)x4 - 3(m -1)x2 + 4m = 0
b) (m -1)x4 + (2m -3)x2 + m -1 = 0
Bi 7 . Tm m phng trnh sau c ng ba nghim
a) x 4 2(m 1) x 2 m 4 0
b) (m 1) x 4 (m 2) x 2 m 1 0
c) x 3 (m 2) x 2 (m 2 m 1) x m 2 0
d) x 3 x 2 ( m 3) x m 1 0
CHNG IV : BT NG THC
ab bc ca

6a, b, c 0
Bi 1: Chng minh bt ng thc:
c
a
b
c

a b
Bi 2. Cho a,b,c l cc s dng.Chng minh rng: 1 1 1 8
a

b c
Bi 3: Chng minh rng vi mi a, b, c khng m , ta c :
( a + b)( b + c )( c + a ) 8abc ( Du = xy ra khi no)

ab bc ca
abc
c
a a
a b
c 1 1 1


Bi 5: Cho ba s a,b,c > 0. Chng minh:
bc ca ab a b c
Bi 4: Cho a, b, c l ba s dng . Chng minh:

Bi 6: Cho a, b 1. Chng minh:

1
1
2

2
2
1 a 1 b 1 ab

Bi 7: Cho ba s dng a, b, c tha mn a + b + c = 1.Chng minh rng:

Bi 8: Cho hai s a, b tha mn a b 0 . Chng t rng:
dng .

a 3 b3

1 1 1
9.
a b c
3
a b
: Cho a , b la hai so
2

1
4
ab

1
1
) 2.
Bi 10:. Cho a, b l hai s dng. Chng minh: (a b)(
2a 2b
Bi 9: Chng minh bt ng thc : 1 ab 1

Bi 11: Cho a, b, c l cc s dng chng minh rng :

abc abc abc 9

ab
bc
ca
2

Bi 12: Cho a, b, c l ba cnh ca tam gic. CMR:

a
b
c

3.
abc
bca
c a b

x2
x 1
a) tm tp xc nh ca hm s
b) tm gi tr nh nht ca hm s trn tp xc nh
x2 5
Bi 14. cho hm s y
tm gi tr nh nht trn tp xc nh
x2 1
Bi 13 . cho hm s y

Bi 15: Cho x , y, z l cc s dng chng minh:

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Trang 3

xy
yz
zx
x yz

x y yz zx
2
Bi 16: Cho a, b, c l di ba cnh ca tam gic. Chng minh rng:

a 2 b 2 c 2 2 ab bc ca

x 5 y 5 x 4 y xy 4 0 bit rng x y 0 .

Bi 17 Chng minh bt ng thc sau:

HNH HC
CHNG I: VC T V CC PHP TON VC T
Bi 1. Cho tam gic ABC, M l trung im AB v N l im trn cnh AC v NA

uur

uuu
r

uuu
r r

3
AC . Gi G l trng
4

tm ca tam gic AMN. Cmr: 7GA 2GB 3GC 0

Bi 2: Cho tam giac ABC co AM la trung tuyen. Goi I la trung iem AM va K la
mot iem tren canh AC sao cho AK =

1
AC. Chng minh ba iem B, I, K thang
3

hang
Bi 3.. Cho tam gic ABC, E l trung im AB v F thuc tho mn AF = 2FC.
a) Gi M l trung im BC v I l im tho mn 4EI = 3FI. CMR : A, M, I thng hng.
b) Ly N thuc BC sao cho BN = 2 NC v J thuc EF sao cho 2EJ = 3JF. CMR A, J, N thng hng.
c) Ly im K l trung im EF. Tm P thuc BC sao cho A, K, P thng hng.
Bi 4. Cho tam gic ABC. Tm qu tch im M sao cho :

uuu
r uuu
r

uuu
r uuur uuur

3 uuur uuur
MB MC
2
uuu
r uuur uuur uuur uuur
c) MA 2 MB MC MB MC

uuu
r uuur

b) MA AC MA MB

a) MA MB MC

uuu
r

uuur

uuur

uuur uuur

d) 3MA 2 MB 2 MC MB MC

Bi 5. Cho hai im A, B v ng thng d. Tm v tr im M trn d sao cho di cc vc t sau nh

uuu
r uuur

nht ? a) MA MB

uuu
r

uuur

uuu
r uuur

b) MA 2 MB

c) 3MA MB

uuu
r

uuur

d) 3MA 2 MB

uuu
r

uuur

e) 2 MA 3MB

CHNG II : H TRC TA V TCH V HNG

Bi 1. ( 2 im ) Cho A(1;2) ; B(-2;6) ; C(4;4)
a) Chng minh rng A, B, C khng thng hng..
b) Tm ta trc tm H ca tam gic ABC
Bi 2: (2 im ) Cho tam gic ABC vi A(-1;4) ; B(-4; 0) ; C(2; 2).
a) tnh cc cnh v cc gc ca V ABC
a) Tm ta trc tm H ca tam gic ABC.
b) Tnh CosA v din tch tam gic ABC.

1
.
3
Tnh gi tr ca biu thc:P = 3sin2x - cos2x + cotx
2
Bi 4 Cho gc x ( 900 x 1800 ), vi sinx =
.
3
Tnh gi tr ca biu thc. P = 3 sin2x + cosx + tanx
Bi 5 Trn mt phng to Oxy cho 4 im A(7 ; -3) , B(8 ; 4) , C(1 ; 5) , D(0 ; -2). Chng minh
rng t gic ABCD l hnh vung
Bi 6: Cho A(2;-3) B(5;1) C(8;5)
a) xt xem ba im sau c thng hng khng ?
b) tm ta im D sao cho tam gic ABD nhn gc O lm trng tm
c)tm ta trc tm ca tam gic ABD
Bi 7: Cho ABC : A(1;1), B(-3;1), C(0;3) tnh
a/ cc cnh v cc gc ca ABC
Bi 3 Cho gc x vi ( 00 x 900 ), vi sinx =

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Ngi son : li vn long

tp k I

Website: http://violet.vn/vanlonghanam n

b/ Trong tm ca ABC v din tch ABC

c/ A l im i xng ca A qua C
d/ im D t gic ABCD l hnh bnh hnh
e/ im M sao cho 3MA MB MC O
Bi 8Cho ABC c A(4; 3) , B(1; 2) , C(3; 2).
a) Tm ta trng tm G ca ABC.
b) Tm ta im D sao cho t gic ABCD l hnh bnh hnh.
Bi 9 Cho A(2; 3), B(1; 1), C(6; 0).
a) Chng minh ba im A, B, C khng thng hng.
b) Tm ta trng tm G ca ABC.
c) Tm ta im D t gic ABCD l hnh bnh hnh.
Bi 10. Cho tam gic ABC c A 3; 2 , B 1;0 , C 2; 4 .
a) tnh cc cnh v cc gc ca ABC
b) Chng minh rng tam gic ABC vung ti A.
c) Tnh chu vi ca tam gic ABC.
d) Tnh din tch ca tam gic ABC..
3
Bi 11. Cho tam gic ABC vi A(4;6); B(1;4); C(7; )
2
a. CM: ABC vung
b. Tm to tm ng trn ngoi tip ABC.
uuu
r uuur uuur uuu
r uuur
c. Tm tp hp cc im M tho mn: 2MA 2 MB 3MC MA MC
Bi 12. Cho tam gic ABC vi A(1;-2); B(0;4); C(3;2). Tm to ca:
a. Trng tm G ca tam gic
b. Vc t trung tuyn ng vi cnh BC
c. im D sao cho ABCD l hnh bnh hnh. d. Tm I ng trn ngoi tip tam gic ABC.
uuur
uuu
r uuu
r
uuur uuu
r uuu
r r
e. im M bit: CM 2 AB 3 AC
f. im N bit: AN 2 BN 4CN 0
Cu 13: Trong mt phng to 0xy cho ABC c A(1;2); B(0;0); C(3;0) Gi G l trng tm ca
uuu
r uur
ABC, M l trung im ca BC, P l im c xc nh bi: 5AC=7AP
1. Tnh to trung im I ca on GM
2. Chng minh rng 3 im B, I, P thng hng
Bi 14: Tam gic ABC c A(2;5) B(4;-3) C(-1;6)
uu
r uu
r uur r
uuu
r uuu
r r
a) Tm I sao cho IA 3IB 2 IC 0
b) Tm D sao cho 3DB 2CD 0
c) CMR: A, I, D thng hng?
Cu 15: Cho A(-3;1), B(1;4), C(3;-2)
a) Tim ta trng tm G ca tam gic IAB, vi I l trung im BC.
b) Tm ta im D DBGI l Hnh bnh hnh. Tm ta tm ca hnh bnh hnh.
c) tnh cc cnh v cc gc ca ABC
d) Tm ta trc tm H ca tam gic ABC
Cu 16.Trong h to Oxy, cho cc im A(-2; 1), B(2; -1), C(-5; -5).
uuu
r uuu
r
a/. Tm ta ca cc vect AB, AC . Chng minh: A, B, C l ba nh ca mt tam gic
b/. Tm ta im D sao cho t gic ABCD l hnh bnh hnh
c/. Chng minh rng tam gic ABC vung cn A. T tnh din tch ABC
Cu 15. Cho tam gic u ABC cnh a.
uuu
r uuu
r uuu
r uur uur uuu
r
a. Tnh theo a gi tr ca biu thc: T AB.BC BC.CA CA. AB .
b. M l im bt k trn ng trn ngoi tip ABC. Chng minh
2
MA MB 2 MC 2 2a 2 .

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rng:

Trang 5

III. H THC LNG TRONG TAM GIC

Chng minh rng trong mi tam gic ABC ta c:
a) b c2 a(b.cosC c.cosB)
b) (b2 c2)cos A a(c.cosC b.cosB)
b) sin A sin B.cosC sinC.cosB sin(B C )
Bai 2.
Cho ABC. Chng minh rng:
= 600 .
a) Nu (a + b + c)(b + c - a) = 3bc th A
Bai 1.

b3 + c3 - a3
= 600 .
= a2 th A
b+c - a
= 600 .
c) Nu cos(A + C ) + 3cosB = 1 th B
= 600 .
d) Nu bb
( 2 - a2) = c(a2 - c2) th A
b) Nu

Bai 3.

a) Nu
b) Nu
c) Nu
d) Nu
e) Nu

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Cho ABC. Chng minh rng:

b2 a2
bcos A a cosB th ABC cn nh C.
2c
sin B
2cos A th ABC cn nh B.
sinC
a 2b.cosC th ABC cn nh A.
b
c
a
th ABC vung ti A.

cosB cosC sin B.sinC

S 2R2 sin B.sinC th ABC vung ti A.

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