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UR Daa UT aed Ce aaa Dna ra ae aon Cee Docc Cr oe See ar LL RE cao aa) eae ans Peace De ea ek often with cogent reasons and in great Cem mean ore Which of these images best ee eae ec kal ee CU nd Puck chapter ~=— Chapter Outline 4d ScienceandSantaClaus 82 4.2 Continental Drift. 83 4.3. Evidence from the Seafloor 44 Plate Tectonics g CChapter Snapshot: lates of the World 96 .5 PlateBoundaries 102 46 TheBigPicture 109 4.1 Science and Santa Claus ab Key Points + Afundamental change in the way we think about something is called a paradigm shift + The surface of Earth is different from the exterior of the other terrestrial planets. + The theory of plate tectonics divides the outer portion of Earth into plates and explains the distribution of ‘mountain ranges, earthquakes, and volcanoes. ‘When I was seven years old, I asked Santa Claus to bring me a voleano for Christmas. It seemed like an innocent enough request at the time. As I looked around, I couldn't help noticing that the relatively modest landscape around our house could benefit from an interesting landform or two, To my young imagination, no land- form was more interesting than a volcano. Of course, I wanted 4 fully operational volcano, with batteries and magma included, Needless to say, I was underwhelmed by the toy trucks and socks that showed up under the tree that year. It was not too much later that one of my schoolmates in- formed me that Santa Claus was, in fact, a mythical figure, and that I should be taking any requests for volcanoes directly to my parents, As [ adapted to this new version of Santa Claus reality, underwent a personal paradigm shift, A paradigm is a generally accepted View of how some aspect ofthe world works, A paradigm shift occurs when we un- dergo a fundamental change in our view or rethink our understanding of a basic concept. We discussed famous example of a scientific paradigm shift in Chapter 2: the change from the geocentric to the beliocentric explanation of Earth's relationship to the sun. This chap- ter describes another key para-

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