KHOA VT L

Thin vn i cng
Trnh by

GV. Cao Anh Tun

Gio trnh
1. Trn Quc H, Gio trnh thin vn hc i cng, HSP, 2004
2. Nguyn nh Non, Gio trnh vt l thin vn, NXB GD, 2008
3. Phm Vit Trinh, Bi tp thin vn, NXB GD, 2009
4. Donat G.Wentzel, Thin vn vt l, NXB GD, 2003.

Chng 1 Chng 2 Chng 3 Chng 4 Chng 5 Chng 6

Tng quan v v tr

Ngn H

H Mt Tri

Tng quan v v tr

SAO Mt Tri

m sao cu (M13)

L en
m sao m rng (NGC 4755)

Tinh vn u nga (B33)

Hng t thin h

Ni dung
Chng 1: Quan st bu tri
Chng 2: nh sng quang ph
Chng 3: Mt s i lng thin vn
Chng 4: Thin th trong V tr
Chng 5: Kt thc ca sao
Chng 6: V tr hc
Chng 7: Knh thin vn Thit b ghi nhn

Chng 1 Chng 2 Chng 3 Chng 4 Chng 5 Chng 6

Chng 1:

Quan st bu tri
1.1. Thin cu h ta
a. Thin cu:

NG CHN TRI

Chng 1:

Quan st bu tri
1.1. Thin cu h ta
a. Thin cu:
b. Nht ng

Nht ng

Chng 1:

Quan st bu tri
1.1. Thin cu h ta
c. H ta chn tri
- cao h (0o n 90o)
- Khong cch nh Z = 90o -h
- phng A (0o n 360o),
Thay i theo thi gian
quan st

22/6: H ch

23/9: Thu phn

21/3: Xun phn

22/12: ng ch

http://whassupinthemilkyway.blogspot.com/2008/09/shine-on-harvest-moon.html

Chng 1:

Quan st bu tri
1.1. Thin cu h ta
d. H ta xch o
- Xch v (0o n 90o)
- Xch kinh (0h n 24h)
- Gc gi t (0h n 24h)
Xch v v Xch kinh khng thay i
theo thi gian quan st

Chng 1:

Quan st bu tri
1.1. Thin cu h ta
e. V v cao Thin cc bc:

Chng 1:

Quan st bu tri
Bi tp:
Sao A Thin lang: xch v A = -16o39, xch kinh A = 6h44ph
Sao B Chc n: xch v B = +38o46, xch kinh B = 18h36ph
1. Khi sao A KTT xc nh cao, phng sao A
2. Khi sao B KTT xc nh cao, phng sao B
3. Khi im xun phn KTT trn xc nh v tr sao A, sao B
Ni quan st ti H Ni = 21o
Ni quan st ti Tp.HCM = 10o30

Chng 1:

Quan st bu tri
1.2. Thi gian
a. Ngy sao, ngy Mt tri
- Tri t quay 1 vng li nhn thy sao A:
1 ngy sao
- Tri t quay li nhn thy Mt tri:
1 ngy Mt tri
- Ngy sao < Ngy Mt tri
- Ngy sao + 1o = Ngy Mt tri
- Ngy Mt tri Ngy sao = 1o = 4ph

Chng 1:

Quan st bu tri
1.2. Thi gian
b. Gi Mt tri thc:
T
Thi gian gia 2 ln Mt tri i qua KTTrn
0h00 : MT kinh tuyn di
12h00: MT kinh tuyn trn
1 ngy MTT = 3600 = 24h MTT
T = gc gi MT + 12h
= t + 12h

Chng 1:

Quan st bu tri
1.2. Thi gian
c. Gi Mt tri trung bnh:
Tm
Ngy MTT cc ngy trong nm khng bng nhau.
Ngy MTTB = Trung bnh tt c cc ngy MTT trong nm.
Ngy MTTB lin h ngy MTT qua phng trnh thi gian.
= Tm - T
: thi sai c in trong lch thin vn hng nm

Chng 1:

Quan st bu tri
1.2. Thi gian
d. Gi sao:
s
Thi gian gia 2 ln im Xun phn
qua kinh tuyn trn
0h00 : kinh tuyn trn
1 ngy sao = 3600 = 24h sao
Q = M+MQ
s = + tS
= xch kinh + gc gi
(ca ngi sao M)
* Gi sao = xch kinh ca ngi sao qua kinh tuyn trn ti thi im .

Chng 1:

Quan st bu tri
1.2. Thi gian
e. Thi gian v kinh a l:
Ti a im 1 v 2
1 - 2 = Tm1 Tm2
= T 1 - T 2
= s1 s2
Khi tnh bng :
(1 - 2)/15 = Tm1 Tm2
= T 1 - T 2
= s1 s2

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Chng 1:

Quan st bu tri
1.2. Thi gian
f. Cc loi gi Mt tri trung bnh:
Tri t chi lm 24 mi: mi mi cch nhau
1h = 150
Gi mi l gi MTTB a phng ca kinh tuyn gia mi .

Gi php lnh l gi qui nh cho mt quc gia theo mi qui nh.

Chng 1:

Quan st bu tri
1.2. Thi gian
Bi tp:
1. Mt ngy xch v Mt tri l -23o05 thi sai l 3 pht. Lc Mt
tri qua KTT ti Vinh ( = 18o32, = 105o40), ng h eo tay
ca ngi quan st ch 12h05ph. Hi:
a. Tm gi Mt tri trung bnh a phng ti Vinh
b. Xc nh chnh xc ca ng h ngi quan st
c. cao v phng ca Mt tri lc y.

11

Chng 1:

Quan st bu tri
1.2. Thi gian
Bi tp:
2. Mt nh a cht ghi nht k c on nh sau:
cao sao Bc cc, hai mt ba ba
Gia tra hng v Bc, bng di bng thn ta
Trc pht 13, vng chung mi hai ting.
Thi sai l tr 9. Tnh c ta ta.
Hy cho bit ngy thng v a im ca nh a cht khi vit on
trn. Cho rng ng h thp chung nh th chy chnh xc theo
gi php qui ca Vit Nam

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