VAAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNLOGY DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SUBJECT: Heat and Mass IV : SUBJECT CODE: EHCIY4A TEST PAPER 2: MARK 60: DURATION: 1H50: DATE: 20/09/2007 Examiners: Peter Osifo QUESTION T 30 marks) Water at a mean temperature of 20 °C and velocity of and 1.5 mis, respectively, flows through @ horizontal brass tube with diameter of 50 mm, Saturated steam at 60 °C surrounds the tube. Estimate the tube temperature and condensation rate per unit tube length. Water [ Condensate} Density (Kg/m”) | 999 991 Specific Heat (I/kg.K) 4184 4179 Thermal Conductivity (Wim.K) 0,598 0,634 Viscosity (kg-m/s) 1,08 x 107 0,631 x 107 | Heat of Vaporisation (i/kg) 2461 2324 QUESTION 2 (30 marks) A Tiguid hydrocarbon is to be cooled down from 160°C to 80°C by heat exchange with 2.8 ke/s water (C= 4180 J/kg.K), The water enters the heat exchanger on the tube side at 15°C and must leave at §3°C. The tube-side heat transfer coefficient is known to be 1250 Win? K. Available for this serviee is a heat exchanger with 2 tube passes and 1 shell pass, The | heat exchanger contains 144 (72 per pass) steel tubes (ID = 23.0 mm; OD = 25,4 mm; k= i 45 Wim), ‘The baffles are spaced at intervals of 124 mm and are 25% cut (i.e. fs = 0,1995). The tube pattem is tangular, the tube pitch is 32 mm and the tubes 5 m long per pass, The shell has an inside diameter of 460 mm. Is this heat exchanger adequate to obtain the desired heat transfer? [ Liquid hydrocarbon 120°C 61°C Density (kg/m*) 834 866 L | Specific Heat (I7kg K) 2114 2035 Thermal Conductivity (W/mK) 0,113 0,123 Viscosity (kg.m/s) [630 x10" 473 x10"| Conveeticn = Jntemal flow N= 436 Nu = 3,66 h i Hot Forced Convection — Extemal flow Nu= Pr 04 +0.sner) Mu = 2,0-+0,60 fe pr Laminar, constant g, G2 < 20 Laminar, constant Tyan G2 < 20 Laminar, constant Tyqy, Gz>20 14 fOr Toa > Te 13 fOr Tray < 7 Turbulent, Turbulent, £/D > 10 Figure 2:Heat slensfert air flowing normal to a single tube Liquid cioss-flow over single cylinder Flow over single sphereNu =b-(Gr-Pr}f System ' ontal cylin Vertical plates/wills and cylinders Horizontal plated walls | Heated, facing dpward or f Cooled, facing downward Cooled, facing jipward or Heated, facing downward sins Ca Where [ror eytinders: ' And, fop plates/walls: a Por Ga Re = 40, aie eran Ll Figure 3: Film doefficient for condensation on vertical tubes we ntHorizontal tube wand A, =I ] BP Ped} | | | -Figure 5: Correction of LMTD for 2-4, 2-6 and 2-8 heat exchangers Mu =0.2- Re pa fe Shell-side heat teansfer coefficient Maat Cross-tlow Bxcha Nu = 0,287: Re" Pr p Shell-side heat transfer coefficient where, values for Fy, 7 —Re=2000 Re= 8000 ; 0.92 0,94 0,90 095 0,85, Plate-type Exchangers My = 0,37 Rel. Pro® V7 : x. Moe, Ac 2 Wt: 5 ou