HC VIN CNG NGH BU CHNH VIN THNG

---------------------------------------

TNG TH TRNG

MT S THAM S CHNH TRONG TI U MNG V TUYN 3G

V NH GI TRIN KHAI TI VINAPHONE

Chuyn ngnh: K thut in t

M s: 60.52.70

TM TT LUN VN THC S

NGI HNG DN KHOA HC: TS. PHM VIT H

H NI 2012

Lun vn c hon thnh ti:

HC VIN CNG NGH BU CHNH VIN THNG

Ngi hng dn khoa hc: TS. Phm Vit H

Phn bin 1:

Phn bin 2: ..

Lun vn s c bo v trc Hi ng chm lun vn thc s ti Hc vin Cng ngh Bu

chnh Vin Thng
Vo lc:

.......gi ....... ngy ....... thng ....... .. nm ...............

C th tm hiu lun vn ti:

- Th vin ca Hc vin Cng ngh Bu chnh Vin thng

M U
Khi th trng vin thng ni chung v th trng thng tin di ng ni ring
mc bo ha th vn cht lng dch v c a ln hng u i vi cc nh khai thc
mng. Mng thng tin di ng VinaPhone cng khng nm ngoi quy lut ny, vic nng
cao cht lng mng, c bit cc thnh ph ln mang tnh sng cn i vi nh mng
trong tnh hnh cnh tranh khc lit nh hin nay.
Xu hng thu bao s dng dch v d liu ang dn chim u th so vi dch thoi
thng thng, c bit l cc thnh ph ln. V vy ngoi vic nng cao cht lng mng
2G (GSM), vic nng cao cht lng mng 3G (WCDMA) s l cha kha VinaPhone
chim lnh th trng trong thi im hin ti v giai on sp ti.
m bo cht lng mng v tuyn 3G, ngi ta c th iu chnh rt nhiu tham
s, chng hn nh: cc tham s iu chnh t xa, tham s ti v tr lp t, tham s phm vi
cell v phm vi vng ph, nhiu, tham s v lu lng Bn cnh c hn 20 ch s KPI
nh gi cht lng dch v mng v tuyn 3G.
Do vy, vic nghin cu cc ch s KPI chnh, cc tham s iu chnh chnh v cch
khc phc trong ti u ha mng v tuyn 3G l cn thit. Cc tham s v quy trnh ti u
cn m bo ph hp vi c th ca Vit Nam v mng Vinaphone. Chnh v vy em
la chn ti Mt s tham s chnh trong ti u mng v tuyn 3G v nh gi trin
khai ti Vinaphone.
Ni dung ti gm c 3 chng:
-

Chng 1: Tng quan v h thng thng tin di ng 3G cng ngh WCDMA

Chng 2: Ti u mng truy nhp v tuyn cng ngh WCDMA

Chng 3: Phn tch v nh gi ti u mng truy nhp v tuyn WCDMA ca

VinaPhone ti qun Thanh Xun H ni

CHNG 1: TNG QUAN V H THNG THNG TIN DI NG

3G CNG NGH WCDMA
1.1.

Tng quan v h thng thng tin di ng 3G

Lin minh vin thng quc t ITU nh ra cc yu cu cho cc dch v thng tin di
ng ton cu 2000 (International Mobile Telecommunications 2000, IMT-2000), thng
c c bit n vi tn gi l 3G.
Cc yu cu i vi 3G l: Ci thin dung lng h thng, tng thch vi cc h
thng 2G, h tr a phng tin, v cc dch v d liu tc cao p ng c cc tiu
ch:
-

Tc t 2 Mbps i vi cc mi trng c nh hoc in-building

Tc t 384 kbps i vi cc mi trng i b hoc th

Tc t 144 kbps i vi cc mi trng rng ln

UMTS c thit k cho hng pht trin ca h thng thng tin di ng 2G GSM
c th t c tc d liu cao v dung lng ln. Mc d UMTS s dng li phn
ln mng li ca GSM, nhng n s dng cng ngh truy nhp v tuyn khc so vi cng
ngh GSM (c gi l cng ngh WCDMA) vi rng knh ln hn rt nhiu (5MHz so
vi 200kHz ca GSM) v c trin khai trn di bng tn ring. Chun UMTS cho php
d dng chuyn giao i vi h thng GSM v GPRS trong giao din v tuyn.
UMTS h tr a dch v, vi cht lng dch v tt hn v tc d liu cao hn.
Tc d liu PS c th t c l 14 Mbps, trong khi tc CS ti a l 384 kbps.

1.2.

Cu trc mng UMTS

Nhn trn phng din mng th mng UMTS c cu trc nh Hnh 1.2.

Hnh 1.2 - Cu trc mng UMTS

Trong mt h thng WCDMA, chc nng ca thit b mng li v c bn khng thay

i so vi h thng GSM/GPRS, nhng giao din v tuyn th chuyn thnh mt giao din

3
v tuyn mi, l UTRAN. Mng truy nhp AN v thit b ngi s dng UE l hon ton
thay i.

1.3.1. Thit b ngi s dng UE

1.3.2. Mng truy nhp v tuyn UTRAN

Hnh 1.4 - Mng truy nhp v tuyn UTRAN

UTRAN l phn mng truy nhp v tuyn ca h thng WCDMA. N bao gm 1

hoc nhiu phn h mng v tuyn RNS. Mi RNS bao gm mt B iu khin mng v
tuyn RNC v mt hoc nhiu Node B. Mc ch chnh ca UTRAN l cung cp mt kt
ni gia UE v mng li CN.
Cc giao din mng UTRAN:
Giao din Iu: giao din gia CN v UTRAN
Giao din Iub: cung cp cc kt ni bo hiu v s liu gia RNC v Node B
Giao din Iur: cung cp cc kt ni bo hiu v s liu cho vic thc hin chuyn
giao mm lin RNC
Giao din Uu: cung cp cc kt ni bo hiu v s liu v tuyn

4
T chc mng v tuyn UMTS c m t nh Hnh 1.5

Hnh 1.5 - T chc mng v tuyn UTRAN

Cell l mt vng ph sng c nhn dng bi mt nhn dng trm gc: PSC trong
UTRAN, BSIC trong GERAN.
Mi Node B iu khin mt tp hp cc cell, thng thng mt Node B c cu
hnh 3 cell.
Trong min CS, mt tp hp cc cell c iu khin bi mt s Node B c gi l
mt Vng nh v LA. Qun l di ng trong min CS da trn c s cc LA.
Trong min PS, qun l di ng da trn c s cc Vng nh tuyn RA.
Cell, LA, RA c nhm li thnh cc Vng ng k UTRAN URA. URA c s
dng qun l v tr ca UE trong UTRAN khi n hot ng ch kt ni UTRA.
Mi lin h yu cu duy nht gia LA, RA v URA l: mt RA phi l tp con ca
mt v ch mt LA (mt RA khng th ln hn mt LA). Mt RA c th l mt LA, hoc
mt s RA nm gn trong mt LA. Mt URA c th nh hn mt LA hoc RA, cho d iu
ny khng bt buc. Mt cell c th c nhn dng bi ti a 8 URA.

1.3.3. Mng li CN

Hnh 1.6 - Mng li CN

UMTS cung cp c chuyn mch knh CS v chuyn mch gi PS. MSC/VLR v

GMSC c gi l min CS, trong khi SGSN v GGSN c gi l min PS. C 2 min
ny s dng chung mt HLR v AuC.
UMTS Release 5, c 2 thay i chnh nh sau:
Min mng li CS c th c phn thnh Mt phng bo hiu v Mt phng ngi
s dng, mt MSC c thay th bng mt MSC Server (cho mt phng bo hiu) v
Media Gateway (MGW, cho mt phng ngi s dng).
i vi GERAN, ngoi vic s dng cc giao din A/Gb kt ni vi CN, th nay
ch Iu c th c s dng kt ni cc BSC vi CN thng qua cc giao din
Iu-CS v Iu-PS ging nh UTRAN.

1.3.

Giao din v tuyn v t chc knh

1.3.1. Cc knh logic R99

1.3.2. Cc knh truyn ti R99
1.3.3. Cc knh vt l R99
1.3.4. Cc knh ch c lp vt l trong R99
1.3.5. Cc knh HSDPA

Hnh 1.11 - Cc knh HSDPA

1.4.

Kt lun chng

Chng 1 l nhng thng tin chung nht v mng 3G WCDMA: xut x, cu trc v
t chc mng v tuyn, cc knh vt l trn giao din v tuyn ca h thng 3G WCDMA.

CHNG 2: TI U MNG TRUY NHP V TUYN CNG

NGH WCDMA
2.1.

Gii thiu chung v ti u

Thut ng ti u trong lun vn ny c hiu l vic thay i/iu chnh cc tham

s trn mng mt cch hp l t c cc ch tiu cht lng mng nh mong mun.
Ti u mng WCDMA bao gm 2 ni dung:
-

Ti u mng li: ti u phn mng li

Ti u mng v tuyn: ti u phn mng truy nhp v tuyn

Lun vn ny ch cp n mt phn trong ni dung ti u mng WCDMA, l

ti u mng v tuyn WCDMA.

2.2.

Mc tiu ti u

Mc tiu ca ti u l nhm m bo cht lng dch v QoS ca mng phc v

nhu cu khch hng.

2.3.

Qu trnh thc hin ti u

Ti u mng v tuyn WCDMA bao gm 2 ni dung:
-

Ni dung 1: Ti u vng ph sng (Ti u RF)

Ni dung 2: Ti u cc tham s

Ti u RF l mt phn quan trng ca ni dung ti u mng v tuyn, n m bo v

mt vng ph sng trc khi tin hnh ti u cc tham s h thng.
Mc ch ca ti u RF trong mng WCDMA l:
-

Ti u vng ph sng

Kim sot Pilot Pollution

Kim sot ch s SHO cn c trn s liu o kim

Ti u RF bao gm c vic ti u danh sch cell ln cn.

Sau khi thc hin xong giai on ti u RF s chuyn sang giai on ti u cc tham
s h thng.

2.4.

Cc ch s KPI chnh s dng trong ti u

2.4.1. Cc ch s cht lng KPI 3G ly trn h thng OMC

2.4.2. Cc ch s KPI 3G o kim ti hin trng
2.5.

Cc tham s chnh iu chnh ti u

Do iu kin hn ch v nng lc x l v tc p ng, ngi ta phi gim thiu

s lng cc tham s hiu chnh/thay i. Cc tham s c la chn hiu chnh da
trn tiu ch:
-

Tham s c th iu chnh/thay i trc tip t h thng hoc ti trm.

Cc tham s c la chn c nhiu nh hng n cht lng mng

Sau khi iu chnh/thay i cc tham s c th nh gi thng qua kim chng,

i chiu vi kt qu o thc t.

Cn c theo nguyn tc trn, cc tham s chnh c la chn iu chnh nh sau:

RSCPCPICH: y chnh l gi tr nng lng chip trung bnh Ec ca knh CPICH
Ec/IoCPICH: nng lng chip trung bnh knh CPICH trn tng mt ph nng lng
tp m
Pilot Pollution: nhiu knh pilot

2.5.1. RSCPCPICH
Gi tr ny nh gi mc tn hiu (vng ph sng). Tiu chun cht lng RSCP ca
CPICH c xc nh theo yu cu ti u c th. Ni chung, ngi ta thng nh gi
RSCP knh CPICH theo mc -95 dBm nh trong Bng 2.5.
Bng 2.5 - nh gi RSCP knh CPICH trong h thng UMTS
Tham s nh gi

Mc yu cu

CPICH_RSCP -95
dBm

>= 95%

Phng php nh gi
Kt qu kim tra b scan trong cc
iu kin khng ti outdoor

nh gi mc thu thng c chia theo cc mc cht lng nh sau:

-

Tt nu CPICH_RSCP 85 dBm;

Trung bnh nu 95 dBm CPICH;RSCP < 85 dBm;

Km nu CPICH_RSCP < 95 dBm.

2.5.2. Ec/IoCPICH
Ch s ny phn nh cht lng ca vng ph sng. Tiu chun cht lng Ec/Io ca
CPICH c xc nh theo yu cu ti u c th. Ni chung, ngi ta thng nh gi
Ec/Io knh CPICH theo mc -12dB nh trong Bng 2.6.
Bng 2.6 - nh gi Ec/Io knh CPICH trong h thng UMTS
Tham s nh gi

Mc yu cu

CPICH_Ec/Io -12 dB

97%

Phng php nh gi
Kt qu kim tra b scan trong cc
iu kin khng ti outdoor

nh gi thng c chia theo cc mc cht lng nh sau:

-

Tt nu CPICH_Ec/Io 6dB;

Trung bnh nu 8dB CPICH_Ec/Io < 6dB;

Chp nhn c nu 12dB CPICH_Ec/Io < 8dB;

Km nu CPICH_Ec/Io < 12dB

2.5.3. Nhiu knh pilot

Mt v tr c xc nh l b nhiu pilot khi ti v tr tha mn cc iu kin sau:
-

S lng tn hiu p ng > 3

Tt c cc tn hiu p ng trn c RSCPCPICH -100dBm

Chnh lch RSCPCPICH ca cc tn hiu trn < 5dB

Nhiu knh pilot s gy ra cc vn sau:

-

Gim gi tr Ec/Io: Nhiu pilot mnh gy nhiu ti cc tn hiu c ch nn Io tng,

Ec/Io gim, BLER tng v cht lng mng gim

Rt cuc gi do chuyn giao: Do c nhiu hn 3 pilot mnh hoc khng c pilot

chnh tn ti trong nhiu pilot nn UE chuyn giao lin tc gia cc pilot v c
th gy ra rt cuc gi

Gim dung lng h thng: Nhiu gia cc khu vc c nhiu pilot tng nn dung
lng h thng b gim

10

2.6.

Trnh t thc hin ti u

2.6.1. Tng quan

Ti u RF bao gm:
-

Qu trnh chun b

Qu trnh phn chia cluster

Qu trnh ti u cluster

Qu trnh kim tra

2.6.2. Qu trnh chun b

Qu trnh chun b s thc hin cc vic sau:
-

Xc nh cc gi tr cn t c cho b ch s KPI

Chun b cc cng c v cc ngun lc thc hin

2.6.3. Qu trnh phn chia cluster

-

Phn chia cc cluster mt cch hp l

Phn b cc trm trong cluster

Xc nh cc tuyn ng tham chiu

11

2.6.4. Qu trnh ti u cluster

Qu trnh ti u cluster bao gm cc cng vic nh Hnh 2.4

Hnh 2.4 - Tin trnh thc hin ti u RF

a) Thu thp s liu

b) Phn tch li
c) Thc hin iu chnh cc tham s
2.6.5. Qu trnh kim tra
Sau khi iu chnh, thc hin kim tra kt qu iu chnh. Nu sau khi iu chnh cc
ch s KPI vn cha t theo yu cu, cn phn tch v tip tc iu chnh n khi tt c cc
ch s KPI t yu cu.

12

2.7.

iu chnh cc thnh phn v tham s ti u phn v tuyn

2.7.1. iu chnh cc tham s anten v cu hnh phn cng

a) iu chnh x l vng ph sng km
b) X l mt cn bng gia ng ln v ng xung
c) iu chnh x l cc v tr khng c Pilot ch o
2.7.2. iu chnh tham s h thng
Trong trng hp iu chnh cc thng s vt l ca cc NodeB m KPI vn cha
m bo th s phn tch a ra gii php iu chnh tham s h thng (ngng
handover, thi gian trigger,), tuy nhin thun tin trong qu trnh vn hnh th hn ch
vic iu chnh tham s h thng c tnh cc b, nh l m nn nghin cu a ra cc
mc ngng c tnh cht ton khu vc, hoc ton mng.

2.7.3. xut lp mi, nng cp cu hnh cc phn t

i vi cc trng hp vng ph yu do tha trm th nn gp rt trin khai thm trm mi,
hn ch vic iu chnh cc trm hin ti v nh vy thng s c nh hng xu n cht lng
vng ph hin ti.

2.8.

Kt lun chng

Trong chng 2 ta nu ra l do chn cc tham s chnh khi thc hin ti u trong

mng VinaPhone, ng thi nu ra mt s trng hp in hnh v gii php khc phc
nhm nh hng cho qu trnh ti u mng.

13

CHNG 3: PHN TCH V NH GI TI U MNG TRUY

NHP V TUYN WCDMA CA VINAPHONE TI QUN
THANH XUN - H NI
3.1.

Phn tch khu vc cn ti u

Qun Thanh Xun l mt trong cc qun c VinaPhone nh gi l khu vc trng

im cn thc hin nng cao cht lng mng.
Qun Thanh Xun l mt trong nhng qun c t l cc cng trnh xy dng mi
cao, mt xy dng dy c v phc tp, nh hng ln n s thay i phm vi ph sng
ca cc trm. Hn na trong thi gian t u nm 2012 n nay, c rt nhiu trm mi ti
khu vc ny c pht sng, do cn phi thc hin gp vic ti u mng nhm m bo
cht lng phc v khch hng.
V gii hn v thi gian nn lun vn ny ch trnh by minh ha vic thc hin ti
u mng mt cluster thuc qun Thanh Xun.

3.2.

Qu trnh thc hin ti u

Trc tin cn xc nh mc tiu ti u, bao gm:
-

Vng cn ti u: Cluster 2 ca MBSC_1154H_HNI (Qun Thanh Xun), cluster

ny bao gm 57 trm (171 cell)

Phn b cc trm trn bn v cung ng tham chiu:

Hnh 3.1 Phn b trm v cung ng tham chiu ti u

14

3.2.1. Kim tra cc trm NodeB

Thc hin kim tra cc trm m bo cc thng s vt l ca trm c lp t
ng nh thit k.

3.2.2. Thc hin o kim (Drive Test)

3.2.3. Phn tch, nh gi v iu chnh
3.3.

Tng kt cc tham s iu chnh

3.4.

Tng hp kt qu ti u

3.4.1. Kt qu ti u mc thu RSCP

Trc
Trung
bnh
-79.48

Ln
nht
-46

Nh
nht
-110.6

Sau
Lch
chun
10.512

Trung
bnh
-75.65

Ln
nht
-36.82

Nh
nht
-109.31

Lch
chun
10.352

15

3.4.2. Kt qu ti u Ec/N0
Trc
Trung
bnh
-5.64

Ln
nht
-24.5

Sau
Nh
nht
-2.8

Lch
chun
2.051

Trung
bnh
-5.37

Ln
nht
-2.05

Nh
nht
-37.55

Lch
chun
2.20

3.4.3. Kt qu ti u Pilot Pollution

Trc

Sau

T l s mu pilot pollution trn scanner

T l s mu pilot pollution trn scanner

742 / 16352 4.54%

1352

/ 30572 4.42%

16

3.4.4. HSDPA Throughput

Trung
bnh
2907.7

Trc
Nh
Ln nht
nht
12557.53
0

Sau
Lch
chun
2698.13

Nh
nht
0

Trung
bnh
Ln nht
2958.43 12071.97

Lch
chun
2344.60

3.4.5. UE Tx_Power
Trc
Trung
bnh
-22.044

Ln
nht
22.5

Sau
Nh
nht
-50

Lch
chun
12.87

Trung
bnh
-21.26

Ln
nht
17.37

Nh
nht
-52.31

Lch
chun
10.42

17

3.4.6. DL BLER
Trung
bnh
1.345

Trc
Ln
Nh
nht
nht
100
0

Sau
Lch
chun
9.46

Trung
bnh
0.672

Ln
nht
100

Nh
nht
0

Lch
chun
4.44

3.4.7. MOS

Trung
bnh
3.798

Trc
Ln
Nh
nht
nht
4.23
1.09

Lch
chun
0.368

Trung
bnh
3.84

Sau
Nh
Ln nht
nht
4.15
2.57

Lch chun
0.233

18

Bng nh gi so snh ch s KPI

3.5.

Bng 3.3 So snh ch s KPI o kim trc v sau ti u

TT

Ch s KPI 3G

Gi tr yu cu

CPICH Ec/Io

97 % s mu
CPICH Ec/No 12dB

Gi tr trc
Gi tr sau
khi iu
khi iu
chnh ti u
chnh ti u
98.90%
98.68%
(16172/16352) (30169/30572)

CPICH RSCP

98 % s mu
CPICH RSCP 95dBm

97.94%
98.03%
(16015/16352) (29971/30572)

Pilot Pollution
ratio

5%

UE_TX_Power

98 % s mu
UE_Tx_Power 10 dBm

4.54%
4.42%
(742/16352)
(1352/30572)
99.71%
99.99%
(14257/14299) (18379/18381)
99.30%
100%
(710/715)
(910/910)
91.67%
96.17%
(1210/1320)
(1433/1490)
97.33%
98.75%
(219/225)
(315/319)
0.91%
0.32%
(3/219)
(2/315)

5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14

Soft Handover
Success Rate
CS_Quality
(DL)
CSV Access
Successful Rate

95% s mu
BLER 2.0 %

CSV Drop Rate

1.5 %

PDP Context
Activation
Success Rate
HSDPA Access
Successful Rate
PSD Drop Rate

98 %

98 %

98%

97.22%
(70/72)

98.78%
(81/82)

98 %

98.97%
(575/581)
1.43%
(1/70)
0.73%
(2/575)

99.51%
(605/608)
0.00%
(0/81)
0.33%
(2/605)

2907.7 kbps

2958.43 kbps

3.798

3.84

2.0 %

HSDPA Drop
2.0
Rate
HSDPA_
HSDPA_Ave_DL_Throughput
Ave_Throughput
(Loaded) 600kbps
Voice MOS
Mean 3

19

3.6.

Kt lun chng

Trong chng 3 ny trnh by qu trnh thc hin ti u v tuyn i vi mt

cluster c th, t khu chun b, thc hin drive test, nh gi cht lng mng trc khi
iu chnh, thc hin phn tch li v iu chnh cc tham s nhm nng cao cht lng
mng, o kim v nh gi cht lng mng sau khi iu chnh.
Qua kt qu ti u mng cho thy cc tham s chnh c la chn l ph hp vi
iu kin thc t, m bo ch tiu cht lng mng phc v nhu cu ca khch hng trong
iu kin hin ti.

20

KT LUN
Vic chn ra mt s tham s chnh iu chnh ti u l ph hp vi iu kin hin
ti ca VinaPhone:
-

Cn trin khai nhanh vic ti u mng

Cng c thc hin ti u cha mnh

Khng nhn lc c th thc hin d n ln

Thng qua knh kho st hi lng ca khch hng v tri nghim thc t ca cc
ng nghip VinaPhone v VNPT H ni thy rng sau khi thc hin ti u cht lng
mng c ci thin rt nhiu, chng t vic nh gi cht lng mng thng qua mt s
ch s KPI chnh cng kh st vi cht lng thc t.