ROASTER and acid

This is the initial operational part in the industry taking place as

soon as the raw material from mining and smelting segment
comes out.
The raw materials coming out the mine acting as the feed is ZnS
(zinc sulfide)plus some impurities as other metals like
cd,cu,pb,fe etc.
This part is divided into two segments

Acid Formation

Roasting

SO2
purification

H2SO4
formation

Roasting : this is the initial operation taking place of

conversion of the raw ZnS (zinc sulfide) into ZnO (calcine)
.

The general reaction taking palce in this is:

ZnS + 3/2O2
ZnO + SO2
This segment is the place of information of calcine from the
basic raw material ZnS which is then moved on in the
leaching and purification segment for the formation of
ZnSO4, which is then electrolyzed to form Zn as output
product.
The steps involve in the formation of calcine constitute
some of basic steps.
This is shown by following flow sheet:
Raw material
10% ZnS
(ZnS + impurities)
Powdered form

Storage
vessel

Conveying
system
MACHINE 1
Feed vessel
MACHINE 2

ROASTER
DEBING

High temp
furnace

ZnO + SO2 is

formed
nozzle

SO2 is sent for purification and

finally for
sulfuric acid manufacturing
The product coming out from roaster is sent to two sections :
1. ZnO to leaching segment.
2. Impure SO2 to purification segment and then to sulfuric acid
manufacturing.
Purified SO2 is sent to acid formation segment . the plant consist
of two main R2 and R3 acid plant where the purified SO2 gas is
passed into a catalytic converter for the formation of SO3 gas.
The following ractionn takes place:

So2 + 1/2 O2

SO3

H = -98.875 KJ/mol

Conversion reaction
The formed SO3 is transferred to IAT and FAT for final acid
formation .

R2 Plant

R3 Plant

Feed : 250MT / day

Feed: 840 MT/ day

Calcine generation: 220 MT/ day

MT/day

Calcine generation : 727

Acid generation: 216MT/day

MT/day

Acid generation: 772

Acid conversion:98.4%

Acid conversion : 98.4%

The acid conversion taking inside the absorption tower is given

by:
SO3 + H2SO4

H2S2O7

H2S2O7 +H20

2H2SO4
Drying

So2 PURIFING GAS

Tower

SO2
Blower

Heat exchanger

converter
Finalstock
absorption
Heat
tower
exchanger

Acid
storage tank

IAT

Heat exchanger