India’s No 1 Stress and Strain IES Academy Chapter-1 Previous Conventional Questions with Answers Conventional Question GATE Question: The diameters of the brass and steel segments of the axially loaded bar shown in figure are 30 mm and 12 mm respectively. The diameter of the hollow section of the brass segment is 20 mm. Determine: (i) The maximum normal stress in the steel and brass (ii) The displacement of the free end ; Take E, = 210 GNim? and E, = 105 GN/m? 10 KN t 5 KN | temme |EXM so mms 20mm Darien A Steel 8B Brass J 0.15 m—sfe— 0.2 mofo 0.125 ma] x (12) = 862mm? = 36%10 rai Answer: 4 (Ad)ye = £(20)' = 225mm! = 285% bss (Adon =2(008~20*) Bang rtbex0 mn! (The maxirwtn normal stuess in steel and brass: 8.42 MN/m* Gi) The digplacement of the free end 81 = (EL) sy Hye + (Sh Joy BRA2x015 TOTO. | 12.73x0.1 (01-2) © 21x10" x10 * 10510" x10 * 10510" x10 OR) =9.178%10"%m = 0.09178 mm www.iesacademy.com Email: iesacademy@yahoo.com Page-53 25, 1" Floor, Jia Sarai, Near IIT. New Delhi-16 Ph: 011-26537570, 9810958290India’s No 1 Stress and Strain IES Academy Chapter-1 Conventional Question IES-1999 Question: Distinguish between fatigue strength and fatigue limit. Answer: Fatigue strength as the value of cyclic stress at which failure occurs after N cycles. And fatigue limit as the limiting value of stress at which failure occurs as N becomes very large (sometimes called infinite cycle) Conventional Question IES-1999 Question: List at least two factors that promote transition from ductile to brittle fracture. Answer: (@ With the grooved specimens only a small reduction in area took place, and the appearance of the facture was like that of brittle materials! (i) By internal cavities, thermal stresses and residual sytestis may combine with the effect of the stress concentration at the cavity i pradace a crack. The resulting fracture will have the characteristics | for brittle failure without appreciable plastic low, although the material/nily pve dibtile in the usual tensile tests. ND Conventional Question IES-1999 NeW Question: Distinguish between creep and fatiguel\_™ Answer: Fatigue is.a phenomenon associated with wpriabld loading or more precisely to eyelic stressing oF straining of a material, style oraponents subjected to variable loading get fatigue, which leads to their prematare failure under specific conditions When a member is subjected to aconstalPload over a long period of time it undergoes a slow permanent deforlygtion siideghls is termed as "Creep", This is dependent on temperature. . Conventional Question JES-2008 Question: What different stresses seb-up in a bolt due to initial tightening, while used as a fastenes? Naffié-albthe stresses in detail. © fen the mug a jnitially tightoned there will be some elongation in the bolt so le stress Will develop. Giy (SWh'ld ie ybhtening a torque across some shear stress. But when tightening will ‘ut completed there should be no shear stress. Answer: Conventional Question IES-2008 Question: A Copper rod 6 cm in diameter is placed within a steel tube, 8 cm external diameter and 6 cm internal diameter, of exactly the same length. The two pieces are rigidly fixed together by two transverse pins 20 mm in diameter, one at each end passing through both rod and the tube. Calculated the stresses induced in the copper rod, steel tube and the pins if the temperature of the combination is raised by 50°C. (Take Bs=210 GPa, @, = 0.0000115/" C; Ee=105 GPa, @, = 0.000017/°C www.iesacademy.com Email: iesacademy@yahoo.com Page-54 25, 1" Floor, Jia S: Near IIT. New Delhi-16 Ph: 011-26537570, 9810958290Stress and Strain IES Academy Chapter-1 ‘Steel tube Pin ( 20mm 6) SBSTNS SSSENE STEP USS STIS TY Copper rod Y | XPS TUYERE TET TSS xd*_a( 6 Area of copper rod(A,) = per real.) =" 44100 ad’ _n Area of steel tube (A,) = Ades 4] Rise in temperature, At ~50°C Free expansion of copper bar = @,LAt Froe expansion of stool tubo = a,LAt Difforence in free expansion = (a, ~ af) DXy. = (17-11.5)x10* x Lx50=2.95% 10% m A compressive force (P) é¥irigd byMtué! steel tube on the copper rod opposed the extra expansion of the copper rod amiithe copper rod exerts an equal tensile force P to pull the stccl tube. In this combifed effect reduetion in copper rod and increase in length of steel tube equalize'the difference in free expansions of the combined system, Reduction in lag length of copper rod due to force P Newto PL PL m ABP (Zei75>10°)(205x10") Tnereage in Yeppilef steel tube due to force P LE PL an), 2h. __PL__, (91). = Fig“ (a ieoixa0")(a1000") Difference in length is equated (AL), +(AL), = 2.75 x10" Z, (a), or P=2.75x10"[2,8275 105+ 2,1991%210]10" NV = 208652NN = 0.208652 MN Stress in copper rod, o, = P= -9208652_ s4pq 79.70 MPa A,” Ba215x10 www.iesacademy.com Email: iesacademy@yahoo.com Page-55 25, 1" Floor, Jia S: Near IIT. New Delhi-16 Ph: 011-26537570, 9810958290India’s No 1 Stress and Strain IES Academy Chapter-1 Stress in steel tube, 6, = = 9208652 "A, 2,1991x10* MPa =94.88 MPa Since each ofthe pin isin double shear, shear stress in pins (ru) __P 0.208652 BA ae 0.02) im 2x ¥ (0.02 al y = 332 MPa Conventional Question IES-2002 Question: Why are the bolts, subjected to impact, made longer? Answer: If we increase length its volume will increase so shock absorbing capacity will increased, \ ah Conventional Question IES-2007 Question: Explain the following in brief: (Effect of size on the tensile strength «."y y” Gi) Effect of surface finish on endurtgce fimit. Answer: (i) When size of the specimen increases vepstle s4zenath decrease, It is due to the veason that if size increases there sfiouldshe,more change of defects (voids) into the material which reduces the stfength appreciably. Gi) If the surface finish is poor, Whg"apgurance strength is reduced because of seratches present in the spstition.qFgom the seratch crack propagation will start Conventional Question IES-2004.%— Question: Mention the relationship HelWWbén three elastic constants i. elastic modulus (©), rigidity modulus (G)}and bulk modulus (K) for any Elastic material. How is the Poissofi's ratio (11) vélated to these moduli? Answer: . on 9KG Aga Bes PO0 4 = seg . Conventional Question IES-1996 Question: The elastic and shear moduli of an elastic material are 2101! Pa and 8x10! Pa respectively, Determine Poisson's ratio of the material, 9KG inswer: fe know B= = 3K, Answe! We know that B= 2G(1 + #) = 3K(1-2n) == E ,1+p= or, 1+u= 55 2x10! 25 2x(8x10") www.iesacademy.com Email: iesacademy@yahoo.com Page-56 25, 1" Floor, Jia S: Near IIT. New Delhi-16 Ph: 011-26537570, 9810958290