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PAPER 1
No

(3472 / 1)

Items

Comments

No. of questions

25 questions

Total Marks

80 marks.

Time

.2 hours

Level of difficulty

Low :
6 :

PAPER 2
No

(Answer ALL)

Moderate
3

:
:

High
1

(3472 / 2)

Items

Comments

Three sections

Section A

Section B

Section C

No of questions

Answer

Choose

Choose

ALL..

four.

two..

40 marks

20 marks

(need to answer 12
questions )
3

Total marks (100)

40 marks

Time

2 hours..

Level of difficulty

Low :
4

Moderate :
3

High
3

FORMAT&COMPONENT

1 mark

1.5

minutes

Check answers
* Extra Time = .

ALGEBRA

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Functions
Quadratic Equations
Quadratic Functions
Indices & Logarithms
Simultaneous Equations
Progressions
Linear Law

Geometry

1. Coordinate Geometry
2. Vector

Calculus

1. Differentiation
2. Integration

Triginometry

STATISTICS

Social Science

Science & Technology

1. Circular Measures
2. Trigonometric Functions
1.
2.
3.
4.

Statistics
Probability
Permutation & Combination
Distribution Probability

1. Index Numbers
2. Linear Programming
1. Solutions to Triangle
2. Motion in a Straight Line.

FORM 4 TOPICS

P(X)

Learn with your heart

and youll see the wonders

FORM 4 TOPICS

TOPIC 1 : FUNCTIONS

b
image = ..

f(a) = b

Given f (x) and gf(x). Find g(x) . Thus, g(x) =

f ( x)

object = ..

3x 5
,
x 1

gf f

-1

X1

TOPIC 2: QUADRATIC EQUATIONS

[ ax2 + bx + c = 0 ]

Types of roots

>0
b2 4ac

- two distinct real roots

- intersects at two points

=0

- two equal roots

- touches / tangent

<0

- no root
- does not intersect
- f(x) is always positive

Real roots

Sum and Product of Roots [ ax2 + bx + c = 0 ]

Sum of roots, ( + ) =

b
a

Product of roots ( ) =

c
a

x2

Sx + P =0

TOPIC 3: QUADRATIC FUNCTIONS

General form

1.

ax2 + bx + c

f (x) =

Same value of a

Similarity

c = y-intercept.

Difference

Specialty

Able to find:
shape
y intercept
5

CTS form
=

a( x + p)2 + q
Same value of a
q = max/min value
of f(x)
Able to find
- turning point
( - p , q)

FORM 4 TOPICS

2.

Sketch Graphs:

y = ax2 + bx + c

(a) From the graph

i

value of a

ii

value of b2-4ac:

iii type of roots :

iii y-intercept
iv
3.

Positive
<0
No roots

Equation of axis of
symmetry :

X=

b
2a

Inequalities : Solving 2 inequalities use Graph

(x a) (x b) > 0

(x c) (x d) < 0

1. Let the right hand side = 0

- factorise
2. Find the roots of the equation
3. Sketch the graph
3. Determine the region

positive or negative

x<a

, x > b,

c<x<d

TOPIC 4: SIMULTANEOUS EQUATIONS

Substitution

Use .. method

To find the points between a straight line and a curve.

intersection

FORM 4 TOPICS

TOPIC 5: INDICES & LOGARITHM

Use Index rule :

(i)

x+1

. 125

1
25

Change the base to

.
the same number

5x +1. 5 3x = 52
x + 1 + 3x = 2
x =
INDEX
Use log

Use substitution :
or can be factorise

Insert log on both

sides

(ii)

8 3x = 7

(iii)

3
+ 3 = 12
n
3 . 3 + 3n = 12
a(3) + a = 12
4a = 12
a = 3
n
3 =3 n=1

(iv)

n+1

2n

............................ IND

Steps of solutions
1. separate the index
2. substitute

3
+ 5. 3
= 6
a2
+ 5a 6 = 0
(a 1) (a + 6) = 0
a = 1 , a = 6
3n = 1
3n 6
n=0

LOGARITHM : Use Rules of logarithms to simplify or to solve logarithmic equations

log2 (x + 9) = 3 + 2 log2 x
log2 (x + 9) log2 x
log2 (x + 9)
x2

=3

x + 9 = 23
x2
x + 9 = 8x 2
8x2 x 9 = 0
(8x -9) (x + 1) = 0
x 1,
7

x=

=3

FORM 4 TOPICS

TOPIC 6: COORDINATE GEOMETRY

Distance

Ratio theorem

Mid point

Equation of straight line y = mx + c

Area (positive)

Gradient

Arrange
anticlockwise

m1 = m2

- parallel

Equation of locus :
Rhombus :

: general form

ax + by + c = 0

: gradient form

y = mx + c
y
x

1
a
b

: intercept form

m1 m2 = 1

- perpendicular

use distance formula.

its diagonal are perpendicular to each other .

Parallelogram, square, rectangle, rhombus. its diagonal share the same mid point

TOPIC 7: STATISTCS
EFFECT ON CHANGES TO DATA
The change in
values when
each data is

Mean

Mode

Median

Range

Interquartile
range

Variance

Added with k

+k

+k

+k

unchange

unchange

unchange

unchange

Multiplied by m

TOPIC 8: CIRCULAR MEASURES

radian =
180

For s = r and A = r2 ,

the value of is in radian.

Area of segment = r2 ( - sin )

Shaded angle =

rad

FORM 4 TOPICS

TOPIC 9:

DIFFERENTIATION

gradient of normal mN mT = 1
gradient of tangent

mT =

Tangent

equation of normal

dy
dx

equation of tangent

y y1 = m(x x1)

Rate of change

dy = dy dx
dt
dx
dt

Small Changes

y = dy x
dx

Applications

minimum

d2y

maximum

d2y

dx 2

approximate value
y ORIGINAL + y

Turning points

dy
dx = 0

TOPIC 10:

dx 2

SOLUTION OF TRIANGLES

Sine Rule
- Ambiguous Case two possible angles acute and obtuse angle

Cosine Rule

Area

= ab sin C

TOPIC 11:

INDEX NUMBERS

I A,

Given that the price index of an item is 120. If the price index increases at the same
rate in the next year, what will be the new price index of the item?

I B, C = I

A, C

120

120

100

.
9

10

FORM 5 TOPICS

TOPIC 1: PROGRESSIONS

Janjang Aritmetik

Janjang Geometri
4, 3, 2.25, ., .

Examples

20, 15, 10, ..., .

Uniqueness

d = T2 T1
Sn

Others :
Given Sn find Tn

Example:

T
r= 2
T1

n( a l )
2

S =

Given Sn = n( 3 + 2n), find T8.

S8 S7

Thus, T8 =

Find the sum from the

3rd term until the 7th
term.

a
1 r

S7 S2

S 3 to 7 =

+
T1

+
T2

+
T3

+
T4

T5

T6

TOPIC 2: LINEAR LAW

Convert to linear form

b
x

ay = x +
y

p
h x
x

T + 1 = a 2 + k

y = ax

y=kp

xy

1
a

x2

b
a

y x

T 1

log y

log x

log a

log y

log p

log k

11

T7

TOPIC 3: INTEGRATIONS
To find THE EQUATION OF A CURVE given dy/dx

dy
= gradient function
dx
Equation of CURVE,

{gradient function} dx

the integrated function must have

AREA under a curve: Show how you would find the area of the shaded region.

str. line: y = 4x + 12
y = x2

2
0

intersection, x = 1
thus, y = 4(1) 12 = 3

1. Expand y
y = x3 3x2 + 2x

1. Formula

A
Shaded Area:

Shaded Area:
2. Find the area
Area under curve + area Area under curve area
4
2 2
2
=
x dx + (1)(4) = (4xx ) dx (3)(3)
1
0

x = y2 y

y = 4x - x2

1. Find the intersection

point.
when x = 2, y = 4

y = x (x1) (x2)

str.line: y = x + 4

x dy

Area above =

0 y dx

Area below =

2 y dx

Total area

VOLUME : Show the strategy to find the generated volume.

revolved about x-axis

y=x

revolved about x-axis

y = 4x - x

x = y2 1

y = x2 1

str. line: y = x + 4

str. line: y = 4x + 12

revolved about y-axis

revolved about y-axis

4
2
V

2 dx

where y2 = (x2)2

(x 2 ) 2 dx

+ Volume cone

1 2

4
2 dx

where y2 : (4x x2)2

2 dy

where x2 = y + 1

(4 x x 2 ) 2 dx

I=

volume cone
12

( y 1) dy

1
V

2 dy

where x2 = (y2 1)2

( y 2 1) 2 dy

FORM 5 TOPICS

TOPIC 4: VECTORS
If vectors a and b are parallel, thus, a = k b ...
If OA = a and OB = b , thus, AB = OB - OA= b a ...
If T is the mid point of AB thus,
Given m = 2i + 3j
i)

m+n

OT = AB...

and n = i 4j find,

= 2i + 3j + ( i 4j ) = 3i j .
32 ( 1)2

ii) m + n =

10 ..

iii) unit vector in the direction of m + n =

1

1
(3i j )
10

2 1

AB =

If A(1, 3) and B(2, 5) find AB : OA = , OB =

5 3 = 2
3
5

can also be written in the form of i and j.

Given CD = 2h x + 5y and CD = 8x 2hky , find the value of h and of k.

2h x + 5y

= 8x 2hky

compare coef. of x ,

TOPIC 5 :

(comparison method)

compare coef of y.

TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS

Solving equation : SIMPLE

Solve:
1. Separate coefficient of trigo

2 cos 2x =

cos 2x =

2. Determine the quadrant

3. Find the reference angle

for 0 x 360

3
2

2x = 30
0 x 720

4. Find new range (if necessary).

5. Find all the angles

positive values
1st and 4th
quadrant

2x = 30, 330, 390, 690

x = 15, 165, 195, 345

13

Solving Equation : Using Identity WHEN?

sin 2x cos x = sin x
cos 2x cos x = 0

Angles are not the same

sin2 x + 3cos x = 3
2 sec2 x + tan2 x = 5

have different functions .

Proofing: Use Identity

Remember : tanA

sinA
cosA

, tan

1 .
cot

Use of Trigo Ratios:

, sec 2x =

1
1
, cosec A =
sin A
cos 2x

Examples:
If sin A = , A is not acute,

From the question given,

1.

Determine the quadrant involved.

second.

2.

Determine the values of the other trig. fxn

in the quadrant.

cos and tan = negative

cos A = 3 , tan A =
5

find sin 2A
3.

Do you need to use identity?

4.

Substitute values

sin 2A = 2 sin A cos A

= 2 ( ) ( 3 )
5

24

25

Sketch Graphs
y = a sin b x + c a = max / minimum point
a cos b x + c
a tan b x + c b = number of basic shape between 0 and 2
c = increase / decrease translation of the
Basic Graphs
y = sin x
1-

1-

1-

y = tan x

y = cos x

1-

14

FORM 5 TOPICS

TOPIC 6: PERMUTATIONS & COMBINATIONS

Permutations = order of arrangement is important
Three committee members of a society are to be
chosen from 6 students for the position of
president, vice president and secretary. Find
the number of ways the committee can be
chosen.
Permutations: 6 3

Combinations =order not important.

Three committee members of a society are to be

chosen from 6 students. Find the number of
ways the committee can be chosen.

Combination: 6 3

with condition:
Find the number of different ways the letters
H O N E S T can be arranged if it must
begin with a vowel.

Find the number of ways 11 main players of a

football team can be chosen from 15 local
players and 3 imported players on the
condition that not more than 2 imported
players are allowed.

condition 2 Import.
Case : (2 Import, 9 local) or 3C2. 15C9
3
15
(1 import 10 locals) or + C1. C10
3
15
( 0 import 11 locals)
+ C0. C11

condition
vowels = 2 choices

TOPIC 7: PROBABILITY

P(A) =

n ( A)
n ( S)

- Probability event A or B occurs = P(A) + P(B)

- Probability event C and D occurs =

P(A) . P(B)

Considering several cases:

Probability getting the same colors = Example: (Red and Red) or (Blue and blue)
Probability of at least one win in two matches = (win and lose) or (lose and win) or (win and win)
Or using compliment event

15

1 (lose and lose)

TOPIC 8:

PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION
P(X)

BINOMIAL DISTRIBUTION

0.3
0.25 _
0.2 _
0.15 _
0.1 _
0.05 _

- The table shows the binomial probability distribution of

an event with n = 4 .
X=r

r=0

r=1

r=2

r=3

r=4

P(X)

0.2

0.15

0.3

0.25

0.1

0 1

X=r

Graph of Binomial Prob Distribution

total = 1
- formula: P(X = r) = n C r p r q n r
- mean, = np

standard deviation =

variance = npq

npq

NORMAL DISTRIBUTION
Z

- Formula :

Given value of X find the value of Z find the probability

[use formula]
[use calculator]

- Type 1

- Type 2

: Given the probability Find the value of Z Find its value of X .

[use log book]
[use formula]

TOPIC 9: MOTION IN STRAIGHT LINES

Displacement, s
s=
Maximum velocity
return to O

Velocity, v
v

v dt

ds
dt

Acceleration, a
a

d 2s
dv
=
dt
dt 2

dv
0
dt

a=0

s=0

v=0

stops momentarily

da
0
dt

max. acceleration

16

FORM 5 TOPICS

TOPIC 10: LINEAR PROGRAMMING

Given:

x+y 5

(ii)

(iii) 4x y

(i)

y >x2

(a)

Draw and shade the region, R, that satisfy the three inequalities on the graph paper provided
using 2 cm to 2 units on both axes.

(b)

Hence, find, in the region R, the maximum value of 2x + y where x and y are integers.

2 possible maximum points (x, y intergers)

(1, 4) and ( 3, 2) . Point (3, 1) cannot be
taken because it is not in R (its on dotted line)

2x + y = 2(1) + 4 = 6
= 2(3) + 2 = 8 the max value

6
4x = y

5
4
3

y=x2

2
R

6
y+x=5

2
3
4

17