OI,l3I,IXATECT

1 . tljro e 6paHoBnpoqec laxaxo c oAsrBa?

SpaHoBnpoqc e Hofa qecrrqRrre oA enacrL4qHara
cpeArHa ocrthr14paaroHory paMHoreHHaranonox6a, a AHaHa Apyfa
ca M o. anper F ( y B a a4r e 0 o p M d l v j d ra ,o AH o (H oe Hepr/j arapa ul 8opo-.
Kora Bo MarepujanHaracpeAxHa,{e ce Haj4e h3Bop Ha ocqrnaqrr, Meiy u3Bopor u cecrueNxre Ha cpeAxHarace jaByBaar
cpeArHara ce npucu]l'eHl Aa ocqrnhpaar co
Ha 3aeMHoAejcrBo. foA Hr4BFoBnhjaHue
H
aj
npB
o(e roqH ar aa ocqunxpaaroHr e 'r ecr m r ',
eaH
a
R
Ba
H
a
H
a
n38opor
H
a
6paH
or.
o p eHopeHq4ja
Op e k o p e N q v j a ra
Haj6n'13yAox3Bopor,a noAane'reHrre(eAoqHar no da3a oA nperxoAHrrel,11138opor
Ha6paHor.

2. Xov ce rpvre xapakrepxcrnktr Ha 6paHo

AeonH,paj 6paHoEaAonxrHa:
Kapaxrep crxHf Ha 6paHor ce: OpexOpeHqrjat, neproATl, a$nruryAara A.
EpaHoBaAorxrHa HajMaroro pacrojaH'1eBo HacoHaHa uupetbe Ha6paHor,Me.y ABeeecr4qu oA enarlxqHa cpeA4HaHorr
ocqrrxpaar Bo 0a3a v ce 6enex, col.
lt,= vT

3, AeOxHnpaj 6p3rHa Ha 6paH BorBpAa cpeAxHa:

BenhqtrHa
3a cBojcrBaHa qBpcrurerna;
E e lyHroBMoayn Fa enacr qHocr,Hapaxrepucr-1lHa

4. Ll.lro laHreH3nrerHa 6paH?

I,lHreH3rrr Ha 6paH e eHepfuja uro ce npeHecysaBo eArHuqa BpeMe,Nr3 eAuHrlqa nrourruNa, Ha
nospur.lHanocraBeHaHopMarHoFa npasqor Ha urxperseHa6paHor.

,'| :

E
,t

5. KaRorrac, XejreHc-0peHenoBsornphHqrn?
xajreHc - OpeHenoB nprHqvnr cHoja roqxa Bo npocropor Ao Hoja Aonpeno 6paNy8abero (ceRojaroqka Ha 6paHoBror
H a ceR yH A apH ure
6paH oB ,ro onpeAenyBa
Op o Hr )e r 33op Ha e n e Me F ra p e cHe H y F A a p ecHo epeH6paH ,a H repoepeH qrj ara
MoMeHr.
6paHyBarheroBo Hojall Aa 6 no ro!ka Bo r(oja6paHorcracyBaBo cneAH!4or
6. Lllro ce crycyBa co aronor Ha 3paxor Ha npe{puyBa}be xora 6paHor oAr.roA onrl1'iHhnoperxa Bo
onrr'{x, norycra cpearHa? nper6aBx co qprex:
np'4 npeM H 04 onrnqHl,1
noprka Bo onrrqkr norycra cpeAuFa,3paHorce npekpuyBa,1atoror oAr4

7. O6iacH, rorarHa peorexcrja r Haqpraj qprex:

npu npeMxHHa cBerrocHr4or6paH oa norycra Bo onrrrx noperHacpeAuHa,co 3foreMyBaBe
Ha YnaAH'4oraron, Bo eaeH MoMeHrcBerrvHara (e rolHe aa nu3ra Ha caMara roBpur,rHaHa
BoAara-Toa 3Ha,r,1
ryaHuqeH
Aexa aronor Ha npexpuyBa|bee 90". Toj ynaAeHaron ce HapeHyBa
aron Ha loT3nHa peoneHcrja agr.,
cBernrHara naia co nofoneM aro, oa
|p aHr qHr or r ojs ei e H ec e n p e x p u y B ary
, H yro ra n H oce peoreK r" pa.

8. 3ouro ce B,Raar,,croj{u 6paaoB""?

finecronorox{6araHaja3n
HyBaco reKor Ha speMero,rre He ce ABuxar no Aon)RriFaraHa koHeqor,14
3aroa BaHBure6paHoBr.,
ce Bl,1Haar
crojHr 6paHoBx.
9. ocHoaHuxapaBrepncrHHla
Ha3Byxr3By'rHxre6paHoBr.4
ce: shcuHa,6oja HaroHor 14laHreH3vreror10 . Ae o r Hr paj r oH: 38 y H o n
ocq naq
r p o 3 Be A e H
o A r1 3 B oH
p o j u3B eA yBxapMoH
a
L,rckr

ceB hkaqucrroH /xnucaM or oH

11. XoMoreHojaxe,Ma Maca oA 0.300 ks.'1 AorxrHa oA 6 Merp,. Jaxero 3arcrHarocorer co MacaoA 2 ks. Aa ce onpeArx
6p3xHaraHa urpehe HarpaHcoepsa,eH 6paH Hm jaxero:

lt= .rt 3
F ' 2 9' E C

rLL=o,300
%

e=6 ,*

Utrer: l-

30

3,s

i: , , 19, CN

*'T
,,

Ltl.

, , - t-dY!-ila
6 la

Jr- _ C,C5 r2iLr"r-

rc --l J:-

r[,I.--'.-.-.-

I r q c.N

-1=L:-' -\ c]osr.qi,-r-'

r er -\i

'.)

L}' 49t8 tl!/5

12. HaAcraxreHa nroqa co rHAe(cHa npeKpuyBabe n=1.55ce Haoia soAa co ,HAKHa npeKpuyBab oAn:1.33. CBerrrHa
naia oA crpaHa Ha craKroro Bp3 rpaHn{Ha floBpurvHa,craKro - BoAa. noA Hoi aro, rpe6a Aa naAH Ha o6aa.paHrqHa
noBpr!vHa3a rorarHo Aa ce peoreKfipa?

1,3 3
-=0 .8 5 8 0 6 =5 9 "

n1

Slr) dgr

n2

Konxasa rpe6a Aa 6rAE o

Ha 3arerHysa$e Ha xxqa Ha ABere crpaH, nprqBpcreHa, axo raa e so36yAeHaco
^an
erKrpoMrrHerHa srryuxa oA 100 Hz, 3a Aa ce 406r eAeH MeB. Xxqara HanpaBeHaco rycrvHa oA 7 C/clrl', co
HanpeqHrpecex oa 1mmu, co aorxrHa oa 1m.?

14. Ulro erpaHcoep3areH

6paH?t!eMarmrpaj qprex:
HaLlrperhe
HaHacoHara
TpaHcBp3arHl1
cpeAuNa
ocq nrpaar HopManHo
c 6paHoBrreKaAeqecrrqHre oA MareptrjanHara
Ha6paHor.

-lr-a
ls.

a- s +e

rs e

\21Jaar.e

AeonH,paj 6p3,Ha Ha 6paH Bo r,rHocr:

B e k o e d /u u F H rH r Bo n v M e H (kuorpatbe H areqH rrecpe4rH /:
I
c e rv c rrl a ra c o e a l x a ra .
/.6

"=.J_
\p
Llro ce cryqyBa co aroror Ha 3pakor Ha npe(puyEarhe {ora 6paHor oA, oA onrxqKx norycra
ao onrrqk|,l nopefta cpeArHa? npercraBn co qprex:
npx npeMuHoA onrriLrRanorycra Bo onrrqkr noperHa cpeariHa,aroror Ha npeRplryBatheHa
3paRoroah oa HopManara.

..r' I

17, Aot,H',paj laHre$,rer Ha3By'(:

t
I

r
't:.
-;

J1

xHreH3rrr larx ja.rrHa Ha lBy{Huor 6paH ,, l" ce aeo"Hnpa rcro RaKo uHreH3xrerorHa cekoi Apyr 6paH
',
T o a e e H e p trj a ,,E"H a 3 B y l e H6 p aH xoj a ce npeH ecyBB
a o eA rH r4LlB3peMet H r3 eA uH rqanonur r Ha s Ha
no B p L h H an o c rd B e Hro
a p Ma n H oH au pe' berd 6pahor.

18. tllro e nparHa'ryjHocr?

MvH,MarH,,ror
rHreF3frerHaqyjHocr
e nparHaqyjHocr,
npuMepF1000Hz
uMa/ mn:1o]':W/m'z.
19 . OnpeAerrja6p3rHara
Ha6paHorcnopeA
T= 0.1s.,lt=3cm.
noAaroqne:

T= 0.1s
l =3 cm
tr
3cm
V = : = :--:- = 30cm/s=0,3m/s
I
U. 1S

\= 9.7

20. HaAcraxreHa nroqa co ,HAexc Ha npexpu.ryBarbn=1.55ce Haoia soaa co |aHAeKc

Ha npeHpuy6al6eoA n=1.33. CBerrnxa
naia oA crpaHa Ha BoAara sp3 rpaHrcHa noBpurca, BoAa - craKro. noA Koj aron rpe6a Aa naAHe Ha oBaa rpaHrcHa
nospurrHa 3a ioranHo Aa c peorr{rrpa?
,

i"

[4 1

\L \l -<1 q l 1 :t"= =

1,5 5

- 0,358Ob' q 3 "

Sl!Ld-q.=\-.
.
iL

'{'55 - /(o'
^,55

"

21. korHasa rpe6a 4a 6rAe crrara xa 3arerxysarbe Ha xrqa Ha Asete 6paH, nprqBpcrHa, aKo raa e eo36yAeHaco
erekrpoMarHerHa Bvryuka oA 100 Hr, 3a Aa ce ao5re eaeH MeB. )l(rqara e HanpaBeHaco rYcrvHa oa 3 8/cm3, co
Ha n pqeH
npec eKo A 1 mm2 , c o Ao rx rH a o A 2 m .?

22. u.troe aoxftrryArxanH6paH?tleMarr3rpaj qprex:

3o Rojace !urp 6paHo'
ocr4rnrpaarBoHacoKa
/loHrrryArHarH,6paHosvce oHueRajkox qecrxqrreoA cpeArHaT3

23. A4rHrpaj 6p3yHaHa 6paH Bo rac:

RT

lt j
1l'

\P

'fif

p e rycrhHaHa racot p e npxrrcoH;

ye noac oHoBHoH
a
c ra H raR;e y H u Be F a n H ara c H akoH rl aH rai
Te anconyrHa reMneparypa; M e MonapHaMacaHa racol
24. O6jacH, peorexc,ja Ha 6paH u nprcraEnco qprex:
Kora HeHoj6paH *e naAHe Ha Hexoja noBp!.r'4Ha
roj oA Hero AenyMHoce peonekrrpa.
3aBhcHoxaKBae noBplu Hara/Aan, e frarRa unri MHory3aKpuBeHa,roj |ie ce poneKrrpa
HacoqeHourr4 AuOy3Ho.AHo e pa6orf 3a ABe xoMoreHucpeAuHu oAsoeHr co paMHa
H ece 016 e
rcrH r qHanoB pLr r H ,u a H oH aH e drd A H ep d v e i 6 pah, ro-A eayMH o
Aroror uro ro npaB, 3paHorHa ynaAHvor6paH 11HopManaraHa rpaHnrHaranoBprxrHace
ynaAeHaron o. no peoneRchjaraBo xcrara cpArHa,3paxor Ha ped,rercupaxror
HapeRyBa
6paH 3aoaia arcn I koj e eAHaxoBHa ynaaHuor aron. roj ce Bhka aron Ha pe6neHc'aja.
d =P
25. Xo,opeKopeHqfi ce yrrpa3By'r, ,Hopa3syx y 3By,{H,6paHoBr?
$yqHrre 6paHoEr oA 16 Hz Ao 20.000 Hz x rxe ce MexaH ,rHla6paHo8h.3Byqrre noA 16 Hz ce ,Hopa3syK, a HaA20000 Hz ce

Lllro ropHa rpaHyqa Ha qyjHocr?

MaRcrManHno HreH3xreruro fo qycr8y8aMee rpaH,qa Ha 6onBa,tlnv rcpHarpaHrqa Ha cyjtsocr.
KorHaBa 6paHoBaraAor){rHa alto 6p3[Hara e 7m/s. aT= 4s.?

ts' Tvtls

i\ = is

T = L"

y=1u rlft Lg = 28 t t

"-i

28. HaA MacnHanoBprllvHa co ,HAekc Ha npekpuysalbe n=1.75 c Haoia BoAa co l,HAeKcHa npeKpuysarb oA n=1.33
CBerrrHa naia oA.-rpaHa Ha craxrolo sp3 rpaHrqHa noBprlrHa, Macno - Eoga. noA xoj aro, rpe6a Aa flaAHe Ha oBaa
rpaHeeHanoBpuir.rHa
3arorarHo Aa ce peorexrypa?

ir.rrJSe'f .ffi .e,yG':ago

tr'-'1Js=1a"
5r-ruczgz

l./

Y
'

29. PacroiaHrero Meiy ja3r"r

Ha croeH 6paH co3AaAeH co 3ByqHa sr{ryum

Bo so3Ayx rcHecyBa 40cm. KorxaBa

6FxHara Ha$yRor e v= 340m/s.?

opexopeHqsjaraHasrryuKara al{oce 3HaeAexa

L= lrOc-u*
u = 5ho u-r-/5 = 34 ooo cr_lt/s
. . L -?

=)

L=!o
I

I =L' 2 . 40 [ = 3 oc r-u -

lc
Zl'
' .n n rt
r:#=
-"
J -

l6u

42542