8/23/2015

IntegrationRules

IntegrationRules

Integration
Integration canbeusedtofindareas,volumes,centralpoints

andmanyusefulthings.Butitisoftenusedtofindthearea
underneaththegraphofafunctionlikethis:

Theintegralofmanyfunctionsarewellknown,andthereareusefulrulestoworkoutthe
integralofmorecomplicatedfunctions,manyofwhichareshownhere.
Thereare examplesbelow tohelpyou.

Common Functions

Function

Integral

Constant

adx

ax+C

Variable

xdx

x2/2+C

Square

x2dx

x3/3+C

(1/x)dx

ln|x|+C

Exponential

exdx

ex+C

axdx

ax/ln(a)+C

ln(x)dx

xln(x)x+C

Trigonometry(xinradians)

cos(x)dx

sin(x)+C

sin(x)dx

cos(x)+C

sec2(x)dx

tan(x)+C

Reciprocal

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IntegrationRules

Rules

Function

Integral

Multiplicationbyconstant

cf(x)dx

cf(x)dx

xndx

xn+1/(n+1)+C

SumRule

(f+g)dx

fdx+gdx

DifferenceRule

(fg)dx

fdxgdx

PowerRule(n1)

IntegrationbyParts

SeeIntegrationbyParts

SubstitutionRule

SeeIntegrationbySubstitution

Examples
Example:whatistheintegralofsin(x)?
Fromthetableaboveitislistedasbeingcos(x)+C
Itiswrittenas:

sin(x)dx=cos(x)+C
PowerRule
Example:Whatisx3dx?
Thequestionisasking"whatistheintegralofx3?"
WecanusethePowerRule,wheren=3:

xndx=xn+1/(n+1)+C
x3dx=x4/4+C
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IntegrationRules

Example:Whatisxdx?
xisalsox0.5
WecanusethePowerRule,wheren=:

xndx=xn+1/(n+1)+C
x0.5dx=x1.5/1.5+C
Multiplicationbyconstant
Example:Whatis6x2dx?
Wecanmovethe6outsidetheintegral:

6x2dx=6x2dx
AndnowusethePowerRuleonx2:

=6x3/3+C
Simplify:

=2x3+C

SumRule
Example:Whatiscosx+xdx?
UsetheSumRule:

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IntegrationRules

cosx+xdx=cosxdx+xdx
Workouttheintegralofeach(usingtableabove):

=sinx+x2/2+C

DifferenceRule
Example:Whatisew3dw?
UsetheDifferenceRule:

ew3dw=ewdw3dw
Thenworkouttheintegralofeach(usingtableabove):

=ew3w+C

Sum,Difference,ConstantMultiplicationAndPowerRules
Example:Whatis8z+4z36z2dz?
UsetheSumandDifferenceRule:

8z+4z36z2dz=8zdz+4z3dz6z2dz
ConstantMultiplication:

=8zdz+4z3dz6z2dz
PowerRule:

=8z2/2+4z4/46z3/3+C
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IntegrationRules

Simplify:

=4z2+z42z3+C

IntegrationbyParts
See IntegrationbyParts

SubstitutionRule
See IntegrationbySubstitution

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