Preparation of Buffer Solutions

Abstract
A buffer is an aqueous solution containing a weak acid and its conjugate base or a weak
base and its conjugate acid. Buffer solutions are used as a means of keeping pH at a nearly
constant value in a wide variety of chemical applications. Buffer solutions are resistant to pH
change because of the presence of an equilibrium between the acid (HA) and its conjugate base
(A-).
There are different was of preparing a buffer solution: one method is, prepare a solution
with an acid and its conjugate base by dissolving the acid form of the buffer in about 60% of
the volume of water required to obtain the final solution volume. Then, measure the pH of the
solution using a pH probe.
This experiment was designed to prepare and get acquainted with buffer solutions.
Different acid and solutions were utilized such as NaOAc paired with HOA and HPO4 plus
NaH2PO4. pH ranges were given between 2.0 to 8.2 per solution.
After the buffer solutions were ready it was subjected to pH testing to determine whether
it is acidic or base using a pH meter . Adjustments were made as necessary.

Introduction