TABLE OF CONTENTS

ANNUAL PLAN OF ACTION UNDER NATIONAL HORTICULTURE MISSION 2005-06........... 1

1.1
BACKGROUND INFORMATION ............................................................................................................... 1
1.2
STATUS OF HORTICULTURE IN PUNJAB ................................................................................................. 1
1.2.1 Fruits ............................................................................................................................................... 1
1.2.2 Vegetables........................................................................................................................................ 2
1.2.3 Spices ............................................................................................................................................... 2
1.3
POTENTIAL FOR HORTICULTURE ........................................................................................................... 2

PROJECT DETAILS ................................................................................................................................. 3

2.1
PROJECT OBJECTIVE AND STRATEGY .................................................................................................... 3
2.1.1 Objective .......................................................................................................................................... 3
2.1.2 Strategy............................................................................................................................................ 3
2.2
TECHNICAL SUPPORT GROUP (TSG)..................................................................................................... 5
2.3
METHODOLOGY .................................................................................................................................... 5
2.4
DETAILED ACTION PLAN 2005-06 ........................................................................................................ 6
2.4.1 Cluster I ........................................................................................................................................ 7
2.4.2 Action Plan for Development in Cluster I................................................................................... 10
2.4.3 Cluster - II...................................................................................................................................... 13
2.4.4 Action plan for Development in Cluster II.................................................................................. 14
2.4.5 Cluster III.................................................................................................................................... 17
2.4.6 Action Plan for Development of Cluster III ................................................................................ 21
2.5
PROTECTED CULTIVATION .................................................................................................................. 23
2.5.1 Green House (Hi tech) ................................................................................................................... 23
2.5.2 Green House ( Normal) ................................................................................................................. 24
2.5.3 Mulching ........................................................................................................................................ 24
2.5.4 Shade nets ...................................................................................................................................... 25
2.5.5 Plastic Tunnels............................................................................................................................... 25
2.6
ORGANIC FARMING / VERMICOMPOST UNIT ....................................................................................... 26
2.7
HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT .................................................................................................... 26
2.8
POLLINATION SUPPORT THROUGH BEE KEEPING ............................................................................. 27
2.9
POST HARVEST MANAGEMENT ........................................................................................................... 27
2.9.1 Wholesale/ Terminal Markets ........................................................................................................ 29
2.9.2 Commodity Based Wholesale Market ............................................................................................ 29
2.9.3 Market led Extension, awareness, training and evaluation services ............................................. 29
2.9.4 Quality & Residue Analysis laboratory ......................................................................................... 30
2.10
INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY ................................................................................................................. 30
2.11
MISSION MANAGEMENT ..................................................................................................................... 30
2.11.1
Institutional strengthening and Hire/ Purchase of vehicles ...................................................... 31
2.11.2
Collaboration with International Agencies ............................................................................... 31
2.11.3
Monitoring and Evaluation ....................................................................................................... 31
2.12
INNOVATIVE STRATEGY FOR MARKETING .......................................................................................... 31
2.13
AGRI EXPORT ZONE ............................................................................................................................ 32

LIST OF TABLES:
TABLE 1 AREA AND PRODUCTION OF SPICES IN PUNJAB ........................................................................................ 2
TABLE 2 MATRIX DISTRICT AND CROPS IDENTIFIED ........................................................................................... 7
TABLE 3 THE CROP WISE DETAILS FOR AREA EXPANSION AND REJUVENATION IS GIVEN IN TABLE BELOW: .......... 11
TABLE 4- INTERVENTIONS FOR CLUSTER I ......................................................................................................... 12
TABLE 5 CROP WISE DETAILS FOR AREA EXPANSION AND REJUVENATION IS GIVEN BELOW: ................................ 15
TABLE 6 INTERVENTIONS FOR CLUSTER II ......................................................................................................... 16
TABLE 7 VEGETABLE SEED PRODUCTION AND SEED INFRASTRUCTURE............................................................... 18
TABLE 8 NURSERY PRICE LIST, PUNJAB ............................................................................................................... 19
TABLE 9 INTERVENTIONS FOR FLORICULTURE ..................................................................................................... 20
TABLE 10 INTERVENTIONS FOR CLUSTER III ..................................................................................................... 23
TABLE 11 INTERVENTIONS FOR PROTECTED CULTIVATION .................................................................................. 25
TABLE 12 HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT ..................................................................................................... 27

LIST OF MAPS:
MAP 1 IDENTIFIED CLUSTER FRO NHM PLAN ........................................................................................................ 6
MAP 2 IDENTIFIED CROPS FOR CLUSTER I .......................................................................................................... 10
MAP 3 IDENTIFIED CROPS FOR CLUSTER II........................................................................................................... 14
MAP 4 IDENTIFIED CROPS FOR CLUSTER III .......................................................................................................... 21

ii

ANNUAL PLAN OF ACTION UNDER NATIONAL HORTICULTURE MISSION 2005-06

1.1

Background Information

Geography and Climate: Punjab is the northwest state of India situated at 290 - 32/ to 320-32/
North latitude and 730-55/ to 760-50/ East longitude. The state of Punjab is bordered to the
north by Jammu and Kashmir, to the northeast by Himachal Pradesh, to the south and
southeast by Haryana and to the southwest by Rajasthan. The total area of the state is
50,362 square kilometres (occupying 1.54 % of the countrys total geographical area.)
The state of Punjab lies in the sub-tropical belt and is situated in the North-west of Indian
sub-continent. It lies over 1600 Km. away from the Bay of Bengal. The Shivaliks are on its
North-Western boarder and Rajasthan deserts are in the South. These factors determine its
climatic conditions. Winter season is cool extending from the end of October to the end of
March. The summer season lasts from April to June. The annual rainfall in Punjab ranges
between 250 mm and 1000 mm. Some cyclone rainfall occurs mainly from December to
January & March is beneficial to the Rabi crops. Climatically the state has three major
seasons.

Hot weather (April to June) when temperature rises as high as 440 C.

Rainy season (July to September). Average rainfall annual ranges between 960 mm
sub-mountain region and 460 mm in the plains.

Cold weather (October to March). Temperature goes down as low as 40 C.

1.2

Status of Horticulture in Punjab

Out of the total net sown area of 42.01 lakh ha horticulture crops are currently grown over
an area of 2.05 lakh hectares which accounts for 4.8 % of the net sown area. The area
under fruit crops is 0.47 lakh hectares (ha) and 1.58 lakh ha is under vegetable crops which
accounts for 2.5 % of the total vegetable production in the country. Flowers are grown over
an area of 0.006 lakh ha.
1.2.1

Fruits

Presently the total area under fruit cultivation is 0.47 lakh ha, with the production of 6.80
lakh tonnes. The major fruit crops of Punjab are citrus, mango, litchi, guava, ber, and pear.
Among the citrus group most of the processable varieties are grown in the state. Under
Punjab mandarin, kinnow is the most prevellent

variety convering an area of 20,000

hectares with a production of 3.00 lakh tonnes, there is further scope to double the
production in the next 5 years.
1

1.2.2

Vegetables

Punjab is a leading state in terms of production of vegetables. The total area under
vegetable crop is 1.58 lakh ha. with the production of 27 lakh tonnes. The annual
productivity of the state is 16.8 MT/ha as compared to the average nationl productivity of 14
Mt/ha.The major vegetables grown in the state are cauliflower, peaas, potato, onion, chilies,
tomato, brinjal.
1.2.3

Spices

Some of the important spices like chili, ginger, and turmeric are also grown in the state. The
total area under spices production during the year 2002-03 was 10957 ha with the
production of 30249 tonnes.
Table 1 Area and Production of Spices in Punjab
SPICE
Chilli
Garlic
Celery
Total

1.3

Area (ha)
8250
1180
2000
11430

2000-01
Production (T)
13068
14337
2800
30205

Area (ha)
8895
1220
746
10861

2001-02
Production ( T)
14125
15320
299
29744

Area (ha)
8990
1225
742
10957

2002-03
Production (T)
14306
14976
967
30249

Potential for Horticulture

The ecological conditions with high fertility levels of soil and extensive irrigation facilities i. e.
94 % being highest in the country provide ample opportunities for diversification in to
profitable horticulture. Successful Kinnow (citrus) cultivation in the state has made it the
forerunner state in the citrus production. Advances in the production of potato, cucurbits,
chillies, tomato and brinjal amongst vegetables is equally important. Among the fruits crops
Kinnow has assumed a significant place occupying approximately 33 % of the total area
under fruits. Other types of citrus such as sweet orange, Lime, Lemons etc. has been left far
behind. In Jalandhar and Hoshiarpur production of seed potato is quite significant whereas
in Ludhiana and Patiala potato is grown mainly for direct consumption. Chillies, Tomato,
Brinjal, and Onion crops have also witnessed sharp progress in area and production in the
recent past. In case of Chillies and Tomato productivity has substantially increased because
of the adoption of hybrids.

PROJECT DETAILS

2.1

Project Objective and Strategy

2.1.1

Objective

National Horticulture Mission (NHM) will be implemented in Punjab to promote holistic

growth of the horticulture sector covering fruit, vegetables, root & tuber crops, mushroom,
spices, flowers, aromatic plants and cashew. This is centrally sponsored scheme in which
Government of India shall provide 100% assistance to the State Mission during the 10th
Plan. During the XI Plan, the Government of India assistance will be 85% with 15%
contribution by the State Governments.
The main objectives of the mission are:

To provide holistic growth of the horticulture sector through an area based regionally
differentiated strategies which include research, technology promotion, extension, post
harvest management, processing and marketing, in consonance with comparative
advantage of each State/ region and its diverse agro climatic feature;

To enhance horticulture production, improve nutritional security and income support to

farm households;

To establish convergence and synergy among multiple on going and planned

programmes for horticulture development;

To promote, develop and disseminate technologies, through a seamless blend of

traditional wisdom and modern scientific knowledge

To create opportunities for employment generation for skilled and unskilled persons
especially unemployed youths.

2.1.2

Strategy

To meet the above stated objective, an end to-end holistic approach is adopted covering
production, post-harvest management, processing, and marketing to ensure appropriate
returns to the growers. Before proceeding further it would be pertinent to understand a little
about the Agro Climatic conditions of Punjab.
In achieving the targeted area expansion under different crops the following strategies will
be adopted.

Awareness building through extension and information dissemination on crop

possibilities and market demand. The State Horticulture extension machinery as well as
private sector extension will have a role to play in this.
3

Quality planting material grafts, air layers, seedlings, micro-propagules - will be made
available for orchard development both through the Govt. machinery as well as
through private sector participation. This will include seed material for tubers and spices,
and certified seeds of vegetables and spices.

Technical support services will be made available at the doorstep of farmers to ensure
adoption of appropriate crop production and PHM technologies by farmers.

The role of the private sector will be encouraged through contract farming arrangements.
The State machinery as well as the private sector, through contract farming
arrangements, will have a role in extension, supply of quality planting material and
provision of technical support services.

Organic farming in production of vegetables and spices will be encouraged. Since much
of traditional horticulture in Punjab has relied on organic methods; the state has strength
in this area.

Since marketing has been identified as the primary constraining factor in development of
the Horticulture sector a well-coordinated strategy will be followed for development of
marketing infrastructure and market linkages. The following strategic interventions have
been planned:
 In promoting area expansion, choice of crops and of varieties will be geared to the
market and to the needs of the processing units and exporters
 Development of market linkages through promotion of a chain of marketing operators
viz. consolidators, traders, and commission agents will be attempted. For this
purpose the necessary regulatory framework will be put in place through amendment
of the APMC Act so that value chain is maintained.
 Establishment of appropriate Post Harvest Management Infrastructure will be
accorded priority. While the private sector will be assigned primary role, the existing
public sector agencies will also play a major role as catalyst.
 Market development will be based on a market study and a comprehensive Master
Plan has been assigned to a consultant.
 For Improvement of the supply chain facilities for sorting / grading / packaging/
storage and transportation will be promoted. Provision will be made for development
of collection centers and transportation to local markets.
 A chain of cold storages and a network of reefer vans will be promoted at all
important centers identified through the above study in the cooperative/private/ public
sector.
 For exploiting Industrial / Urban markets of neighboring States, development of trade
channels will be encouraged.
4

 A proposal has been made for the development of Perishable Cargo Centre at
Amritsar as a part of the marketing strategy under innovative scheme.
 Close link with APEDA for export potential.
2.2

Technical Support Group (TSG)

The state Mission will have a strong technical component and will be the centre of mission
management. Technical support to the mission at state level will be provided by the National
Horticulture Board, as per the operational guidelines to formulate, appraise and monitor the
implementation of the missions programmes. The Technical Support Group (TSG) housed
in the NHB, will have flexible norms for recruiting professionals in contract. The TSG would
comprise of personnel at different levels, who will provide the technical services in
accordance with the terms of reference laid for the purpose and approved by EC.
TSG will have the following role and functions:

To visit the districts regularly and frequently to provide guidance in organizational and
technical matters.

To compile materials for conduct of regional workshops in respect of different plantations

and different aspects viz., production, post- harvest management, processing, marketing

To mount supervision and evaluation mission.

Assist the state mission in capacity building programmes.

2.3

Methodology

In developing the Action Plan, the thrust has been on area approach and promotion of
Horticultural crops in compact patches and in cluster villages. While selecting the clusters,
comparative advantage of crops like marketing opportunities, seasonal advantage, local
consumption,

export/import

substitution

scope

for

intensification

and

productivity

improvement have been taken into consideration. Besides contiguity of the potential area
for expansion has also been kept in view so that enhanced production and productivity in
these regions is taken care of. The methodology of selecting clusters of contiguous areas
and potential crops shall entail focused approach as this will integrate all the activities for
commercial uptake of the horticulture in that area. This will lead to economic development of
the area as the crops selected have comparative advantages.
The activities identified for this mission shall be implemented in project mode rather than
generic developmental programme of state.

2.4

Detailed Action Plan 2005-06

Based on geographical and climatic conditions of the growing belts, potential for expansion
following 15 districts have been identified in clusters:

Cluster -l

: Firozpur, Muktsar, Bhatinda

Cluster -ll

: Gurdaspur, Hoshiarpur, Amritsar

Cluster III

: Ludhiana, Kapurthala, Jalandhar, Fatehgarh Sahib, Patiala

Map 1 Identified cluster fro NHM Plan

The crops selected are for cluster I Citrus, Grapes, Guava, and Ber. In cluster II the
crops selected are Citrus, Litchi, Guava, and Pear. Vegetable Seed Production, Flowers,
Spices, Aromatic are identified as potential crops for cluster III The integrated approach
would be adopted for development of plantation, creation of post harvest system and
development of marketing Infrastructure in identified crop to make them hubs of activities for
doubling the production and enhancing marketing as per the matrix below:

Table 2 Matrix District and Crops Identified

S.No.

District

Cluster I
1.
Firozpur
2.
Muktsar
3.
Bhatinda
Cluster II
4
Amritsar
5
Gurdaspur
6
Hoshiarpur
Cluster III
7
Ludhiana
8
Kapurthala
9
Jalandhar
10
Fatehgarh
Sahib
11
Patiala

Citrus

Litchi












Grapes

Guava









Pear

Ber

Veg.
seed
Pro.

Flowers

Spices

Aromatic




























Cluster - wise strategy proposed to be adopted in the action plan 2005-06 is discussed
below:
2.4.1

Cluster I

The districts identified for cluster - I are Firozpur, Muktsar, and Bhatinda. The districts of
cluster I comes under arid irrigated zone where the average maximum and minimum
temperature is 42 0 C and 7 0 C, respectively. The annual rainfall of the cluster rainfall
ranges between 400-500 mm. The soil type of this cluster is medium to heavy. The suitable
crops of this cluster are citrus, grape, ber, and guava.
2.4.1.1 Citrus
Citrus fruits occupy third position after mango and banana in the production of fruits in India.
The state of Punjab which has much lower area under citrus than many other states has the
credit of having achieved higher productivity (12.9 MT/ha) which is only second to the
productivity of these fruits in the state of Andhra Pradesh (13.5 MT/ ha). Multinational firms
like Tropicana Foods have started growing Sweet orange on contractual basis in Abohar
and Bhatinda districts for juice making. For processing purpose new processing units are
being established by PAIC.
Under Punjab mandarin, Kinnow is the most prevalent variety covered in an area of 20,000
ha with a production of 3.00 lakh tonnes. The technology to be adopted for achieving
production is planting of newer cultivars, use of tolerant rootstocks, better nutrient and water
management practices and appropriate control measure of insects and pests through use of
IPM practices.
7

Constraints in Production
The Kinnow plant has an inherent problem of declining at an early age because of early
bearing and tendency for over production. The other major constraints of production are:

Availability of indexed virus free plant material continues to be the major hurdle

Large number of insects pests, fungal diseases, viruses and virus like disease continue
to pose a serious problem

Infrastructure with respect to production technology is quite scanty

Post harvest infrastructure and storage facilities are not available

2.4.1.2 Grapes
Grape growing in the state has assumed great significance in view of heavy investments
needed to develop the recommended structure for the vines training system as well as
because of heavy returns. It is grown on an area of 1378 ha producing 37206 MT. It is
mainly cultivated in the arid and semi arid conditions of Firozpur and Bhatinda districts.
Only table grape varieties are under cultivation in Punjab with Perlette being over 99 %,
while other varieties like Beauty Seedless, Thompson Seedless & Anab- e- Shahi are just 1
%. The cluster has scope of producing processable grape varieties like Chardonnay, Pinot
Noir, Chenin Blanc. There is great export potential of exporting grapes to gulf, Europe,
SAARC and South East Asian countries.
Constraints in Production
Earlier grape cultivation has flourished in Punjab & farmers were benefited but cultivation
decreased during past 5- 7 years due to lack of introduction of new table & processing
varieties. The major constrains of production are:

Limitation of processable varieties

Non availability of proper rootstock

Maturity in very short period lead to glut situation, thus losses to farmers.

Matures during the monsoon, sometimes the crop is affected by pre-monsoon rains
resulting into total loss.

Climatic hindrances like short vegetative cycle from bud break to harvest and high
temperature at maturity

2.4.1.3 Ber
Ber is an ancient fruit grown in Punjab. The districts of Sangrur, Bhatinda and Patiala have
emerged as the main areas of production. The main cultivars which are grown in the districts
are Umran, Kaithli, Wallaiti. The productivity of Ber in Punjab has increased to 15 T/ha
during the last decade. Ber in Punjab starts ripening in March April when no other fruits is
harvested in Punjab and hence gets good market price. The Ber fruit is grown mostly on
degraded soil and such pockets is available in the Firozpur district which can profitably be
put for ber production in the state. Moreover nearness to Delhi is a big advantage from
marketing point of view.
Constraints in Production
The major constraints in production are:

The crop experiences a difficult pruning process during the summer months.

Lack of good soft cultivars for growing of ber

The crop is being attacked by fruit fly

High incidence of powdery mildew

The necessary Infrastructure for PHM handling is not developed

2.4.1.4 Guava
The state of Punjab though occupying a very small proportion of the countrys area under
this fruit but the productivity (17.5 MT/ha) is only next to Madhya Pradesh (20.0 MT/ha). The
total area under guava cultivation during the year 2004-05 was 7309 ha with the production
of 127908 MT.
Comparative Advantage of Punjab Guava

High Productivity

Extended harvesting season throughout the year

Map 2 Identified crops for cluster I

2.4.2

Action Plan for Development in Cluster I

2.4.2.1 Production of Planting Material

For new plantation and for rejuvenation of old senile orchards production of quality planting
material is required. For this nurseries are required to be set up in main citrus producing
districts. One model nursery ( 4 ha) for citrus and other fruits will be set up in Firozpur under
public sector. In Bhatinda one small (1 ha) nursery is proposed in public sector for citrus,
guava and one small (1 ha) nursery for guava is proposed in Muktsar.
2.4.2.2 Area Expansion/ Rejuvenation/ Replacement of Senile Plantations
It is proposed to rejuvenate an area of 2550 ha under the identified fruit crops in cluster I.
Also it is estimated to bring an additional area 600 ha under different processable varieties
of citrus, guava and wine making for grapes. As an innovative crop ber is proposed to
cultivate in an area of 50 ha in Bhatinda.

10

Table 3 The crop wise details for area expansion and rejuvenation is given in table below:
Crop

Area Expansion

Districts covered

Citrus

300 ha

Grapes

50 ha

Guava

200 ha

Ber
Total

50
600 ha

Firozpur,
Muktsar,
Bhatinda
Firozpur,
Muktsar,
Bhatinda
Firozpur,
Muktsar,
Bhatinda
Muktsar, Bhatinda

Rejuvenation/
Replacement of old /
senile orchards
2400 ha
50 ha
100 ha

Districts covered

Firozpur,
Bhatinda
Bhatinda

Muktsar

Bhatinda, Firozpur,
Muktsar

2550 ha

2.4.2.3 Post harvest Infrastructure

To strengthen the post harvest infrastructure to meet the present level of production as well
as the anticipated increase in production volumes, quality at the consumer level can be
increased with appropriate post harvest infrastructural facilities. Therefore, plan envisages
functional infrastructure like:
Collection centres: Nine collection centres, three in each identified district is proposed
under the national horticulture mission plan. The collection centre will consists of mechanical
sorting, grading and packing line. The estimated cost for each unit is 15.00 lakh and the
proposed assistance is credit linked back ended subsidy @ 25 % of the capital cost of the
project in general areas and 33.33 % in case of hilly and tribal area.
2.4.2.4 Multi Product Processing Unit
One multi product processing unit is proposed to set up in Abohar (Firozpur) for processing
of citrus and guava. The unit will be an integrated facility which will be basically for guava
and citrus, tomato.
2.4.2.5 Cold Storage
Two cold storage is proposed to be set up, one in Hoshiarpur and one in Firozpur for
storage of citrus under controlled condition. The estimated cost of this storage Rs. 2.00
crore per unit and the assistance is credit linked back ended subsidy @ 25 % of the capital
cost of the project in general areas and 33.33 % in case of hilly tribal areas.
2.4.2.6 Rural / Apni Mandi
The present haats or weekly bazaars which constitute first contact point with commercial
circuits for the producers do not provide even the most basic of amenities and facilities such
as shelter, water, electricity, roads etc. Bringing about an improvement in market facilities at
rural level has a direct impact on farmers income. Once developed the rural markets
11

provide improved services for buyers and create an element of market security for the
growers. Haats need to be provided with mobile banks on haat days by Gramin Banks.
Therefore, in total three rural markets, one in each identified district is proposed in cluster I.
These rural markets will have the minimum basic infrastructure such as sheds, auction/sale
platforms, proper flooring, drainage, provision for drinking water, internal roads, electricity
etc. the estimated cost for development of each market is 15.00 lakh per unit and the
proposed assistance is credit linked back ended subsidy @ 25 % of the capital cost of the
project in general areas and 33.33 % in case of hilly and tribal area.
The minimum basic infrastructure in each market such as sheds, auction/sale platforms,
proper flooring, drainage, provision for drinking water, internal roads, and electricity etc. will
be set up.
Table 4- Interventions for cluster I

S.
No.

Programme
PLANTATION
INFRASTRUCTURE
& DEVELOPMENT
Production Of Planting
material
a) Public sector
i) Model Nursery
ii) Small nursery ( 1ha)
b) Private Sector
i) Small nursery ( 1ha)

Establishment of New
gardens
i. Fruits ( Perennial)
Rejuvenation/
Productivity
enhancement

Estimated Cost

Proposed
Assistance

Phy./
Location

Fin. ( Rs.
Lakhs)

Rs. 18.00
lakhs/unit
Rs. 3.00 lakh/
unit

Max. of Rs. 18.00

lakh per nursery
Max. of Rs. 3.00
lakh per nursery

1
(Firozpur)
1(
Bhatinda)

18.00

Rs. 3.00 lakh/

unit

50 % cost limited to
Rs. 1.50 lakh/
nursery

1(
Firozpur)

1.50

Rs. 22500/ha
50 % of the total
cost subject limit of
Rs. 15,000/ha to a
limit of 2 ha
credit linked back
ended subsidy @ 25
% of the capital cost
of the project in
general areas and
33.33 % in case of
hilly and tribal area

600
2400

135.00
360.00

33.75

Rs. 30,000/ha

Functional
infrastructure

Rs. 15.00 lakh

4
5
5

Multi Product Line

Cold Storage
Rural/ Apni Mandi
Total

Project Based
Rs. 2.00 Crores
Rs. 15.00 lakh

Abohar
2
3

12

3.00

100.00
11.25
662.50

2.4.3

Cluster - II

The districts identified for cluster - I are Amritsar, Gurdaspur, Hoshiarpur. The districts
Gurdaspur and Hoshiarpur comes under submontane zone and Amritsar comes under
central zone, where the average maximum and minimum temperature is 42 0 C and 7 0 C,
respectively. The annual rainfall of the cluster rainfall ranges between 500-900 mm. The soil
type of this cluster is medium to heavy. The suitable crops of this cluster are citrus, litchi,
pear and guava.
2.4.3.1 Citrus
The variety Kinnow has established itself as the lead citrus variety in the state. Its
productivity of 15 MT/ha is the highest amongst citrus fruits in the country. The demand of
this fruit is also increasing in the foreign markets. Thus there is immense opportunity in
expanding area under this crop. Many exotic varieties such as many variant selection of
Satsuma mandarin from Japan also offer a good scope of diversifying citrus production in
the state.
2.4.3.2 Litchi
Litchi is one of the important tropical fruit crops of Punjab and of great nutritional value. A
uniquely flavoured fruit, the whitish flesh of the litchi has a strong tangy sweet taste and a
very popular fruit in India. It also finds great favour in export markets. Exports of canned
Litchi have been virtually static for the last 2 3 years. It is exported mainly to gulf countries
like Saudi Arabia, UAE, Qatar, Oman and Bahrain as well to some EU countries. There is
good export potential provided quality fruits are produced employing appropriate pre
harvest and post harvest practices. For this, post harvest handling practices need to be
standardized and post- harvest infrastructure needs to be created. The total area under litchi
cultivation during the year 2004- 05 is 1263 ha with the total production of 12630 figuring the
productivity to be 10 MT/ha.
2.4.3.3 Pear
Pear is an important fruit crop of Punjab. It is cultivated in an area of over 2450 ha with a
total production of 49,000 tonnes. Major variety grown in Punjab is sand pear. Sand Pear
is a hard textured fruit having juice content to the extent of 65 70 %, with sugar brix
varying from 7 9 %. Compared with apple, it falls below consumer expectations as table
fruit because of superior fruit characteristics of apple, (apple has 85 % plus juice content
with average sugar brix in the range of 9 11 %, depending upon the variety). The state has
now plans to further develop the production volume by setting up superior post harvest
management techniques as well as by promoting its processing.
13

2.4.3.4 Guava
The state of Punjab though occupying a very small proportion of the countrys area under
this fruit but the productivity (17.5 MT/ha) is only next to Madhya Pradesh (20.0 MT/ha). The
total area under guava cultivation during the year 2004-05 was 7309 ha with the production
of 127908 MT.

Map 3 Identified Crops for Cluster II

2.4.4

Action plan for Development in Cluster II

2.4.4.1 Area Expansion/ Rejuvenation/ Replanting of senile/ old orchards

It is proposed to rejuvenate an area of 950 ha under the identified fruit crops in cluster II.
Also it is estimated to bring an additional area 830 ha under different processable varieties
of citrus, guava and litchi.

14

Table 5 Crop wise details for area expansion and rejuvenation is given below:
Crop
Citrus
Litchi
Guava

Area
Expansion
300 ha
100 ha
200 ha

Pear

230

Total

830 ha

Districts covered
Hoshiarpur
Gurdaspur , Hoshiarpur
Gurdaspur , Hoshiarpur,
Amritsar
Gurdaspur , Hoshiarpur,
Amritsar

Rejuvenation/ Replacement
of old / senile orchards
600 ha
150 ha
200 ha

Districts covered
Hoshiarpur
Gurdaspur
,
Hoshiarpur, Amritsar
Amritsar

950 ha

2.4.4.2 Production of Planting Material

For new plantation and for rejuvenation of the old senile orchards production of quality
planting material is required. For this nurseries are required to be set up in main fruits
producing districts. It is proposed to set up one model nursery (4 ha) under public sector and
one model nursery (4 ha) under private sector at Amritsar for Pear/ Guava also one model
nurseries (4 ha) under private sector at Hoshiarpur need to be set up for citrus.
2.4.4.3 Post harvest Infrastructure
To strengthen the post harvest infrastructure to meet the present level of production as well
as the anticipated increase in production volumes, quality at the consumer level can be
increased with appropriate post harvest infrastructural facilities. Therefore, plan envisages
functional infrastructure like:
Collection centres: Nine collection centres, three in each identified district is proposed
under the national horticulture mission plan. The collection centre will consists of mechanical
sorting, grading and packing line and facility for temporary storage. The estimated cost for
each unit is 15.00 lakh and the proposed assistance is credit linked back ended subsidy @
25 % of the capital cost of the project in general areas and 33.33 % in case of hilly and tribal
area.
2.4.4.4 Multi Product Processing Unit
One multi product processing unit is proposed to set up in Hoshiarpur for processing of
citrus and guava. The unit will be an integrated facility which will be basically for guava and
citrus and tomato.
2.4.4.5 Cold Storage
One cold storage is proposed to be set up in Gurdaspur for storage of litchi under controlled
condition. The estimated cost of this storage Rs. 2.00 crore per unit and the assistance is
credit linked back ended subsidy @ 25 % of the capital cost of the project in general areas
and 33.33 % in case of hilly tribal areas.
15

2.4.4.6 Rural/ Apni Mandi/ Direct Markets

The present haats or weekly bazaars which constitute first contact point with commercial
circuits for the producers do not provide even the most basic of amenities and facilities such
as shelter, water, electricity, roads etc. Bringing about an improvement in market facilities at
rural level has a direct impact on farmers income. Once developed the rural markets
provide improved services for buyers and create an element of market security for the
growers. Haats need to be provided with mobile banks on haat days by Gramin Banks.
Therefore, in total three rural markets, one in each identified district is proposed in cluster
I. These rural markets will have the minimum basic infrastructure such as sheds,
auction/sale platforms, proper flooring, drainage, provision for drinking water, internal roads,
electricity etc. the estimated cost for development of each market is 15.00 lakh per unit and
the proposed assistance is credit linked back ended subsidy @ 25 % of the capital cost of
the project in general areas and 33.33 % in case of hilly and tribal area.
The minimum basic infrastructure in each market such as sheds, auction/sale platforms,
proper flooring, and drainage, provision for drinking water, internal roads, and electricity etc.
will be set up.
Table 6 Interventions for cluster II

S.
No.

Programme
PLANTATION
INFRASTRUCTURE &
DEVELOPMENT
Production Of Planting
material
a) Public sector
i) Model nursery ( 4ha)
b) Private Sector
i) Model Nursery

Sub Total
Establishment of New
gardens
i. Fruits ( Perennial)
Rejuvenation/
Productivity
enhancement
Sub Total
Functional infrastructure

Estimated
Cost

Proposed
Assistance

Phy./ Location

Fin. ( Rs.
Lakhs)

Rs. 18.00
lakh/ unit

Max. of Rs. 18.00

lakh per nursery

1 ( Amritsar)

18.00

Rs. 18.00
lakh/ unit

50 % cost limited
to Rs. 9.00 lakh/
nursery

(Hoshiarpur (1)
Amritsar (1)

18.00

36.00

Rs.
30,000/ha

Rs. 15.00
lakh

16

Rs. 22500/ha
50 % of the total
cost subject limit
of Rs. 15,000/ha
to a limit of 2 ha

830 ha
950 ha

186.75
142.5

credit linked back

ended subsidy
@ 25 % of the
capital cost of the

329.25
33.75

S.
No.

Programme

Estimated
Cost

Multi Product Line

Cold Storage

Project
Based
Rs. 2.00
crore / unit

Rural/ Apni Mandi

Proposed
Assistance
project in general
areas and 33.33
% in case of hilly
and tribal area

Phy./ Location

Hoshiarpur
credit linked back
ended subsidy
@ 25 % of the
capital cost of the
project in general
areas and 33.33
% in case of hilly
and tribal area
credit linked back
ended subsidy
@ 25 % of the
capital cost of the
project in general
areas and 33.33
% in case of hilly
and tribal area

Rs. 15.00
lakh

50.00

11.25

Total

2.4.5

Fin. ( Rs.
Lakhs)

460.25

Cluster III

The cluster III which includes districts of Ludhiana, Kapurthala, Fatehgarh Sahib, Patiala,
and Jalandhar is specifically earmarked for the development of vegetable seed production,
floriculture and spices.
2.4.5.1 Vegetable Seed Production
The state Horticulture Mission will ensure the timely availability of the good quality seeds
and planting material to the farmers at nominal price. Fro vegetable seed production as well
as production of seedling, the approach would be as follows:

Public sector: The production of vegetable seeds on the lands being owned by the
universities or on lands taken up on contract farming mode belonging to seed growers.
The total land area taken would be 250 ha.
 50 ha at Matteuara farm in Ludhiana is identified for vegetable seed production
 75 ha at Malsian, Dhogri, Kartarpur in Jalandhar
 125 ha at PAU

Commercial production of vegetable crops is restricted due to inadequate production and

distribution of good quality seeds and nursery. The districts identified for vegetable seed
production are Ludhiana, Kapurthala, Fatehgarh Sahib, Patiala, and Jalandhar. Cultivation
of hybrids not only increases the vegetable production to meet the requirement of the
population but also increases the per capita income of the marginal farmers.
17

2.4.5.2 Seed Infrastructure

In order to establish/strengthen infrastructure facilities for production and distribution of
quality seed, assistance for creating facilities of seed cleaning, grading, processing, packing
and seed storage is proposed. 100 % assistance is provided to the public sector and
assistance to the private sector is credit linked back ended subsidy limited to 25 % of the
project cost. Punjab being the seed capital of the country, there are large number of public
and private sector seed growers who need the assistance for proper handling, storage and
packaging of seeds.

Public Sector :
 PAU along with the Director Horticulture will implement this programme.

Private sector:
 The private seed companies engaged in vegetable seed production and seed
processing will be assisted. During the year 2005-06 assistance will be given to five
vegetable seed infrastructure units.

Table 7 Vegetable Seed Production and Seed Infrastructure

S. No.

Item

Cost/ unit

No. of units

Production of high quality

vegetable seeds of open
pollinated and hybrid
varieties
Development of Infrastructure
for production of hi tech
production of quality seeds in
the districts of Kapurthala,
Jalandhar, Ludhiana,
Fatehgarh sahib, Patiala
Total

Rs. 50,000/ ha

250 ha

Amount (Rs.
In lakhs)
125.00

Rs. 5.00 lakh/unit

Public : 10

50.00

Rs. 2.00 lakh/unit

Private : 25

50.00

325.00

2.4.5.3 Nursery Development

In Punjab, there are total of 50 privately registered nurseries and the government nurseries
number 28. There are infact over 200 nurseries in the state but few have registered and
most would not gain registration through the certification process. The state does have a
Punjab Fruit Nurseries Act, 1961, which was amended in 2000 and is the basis of Punjabs
Fruit Nurseries registration procedures. The amendment was primarily concerned with the
raising of fees which stand at Rs 1500 for the first fruit species and Rs. 300 for succeeding
fruit species with a renewal fee of Rs. 500 for the first fruit species and Rs. 100 for
succeeding fruit tree species, with fines for contravening the act being between Rs 500 to
Rs 50000 or up to 6 months in prison.
18

Prior to the planting season the DOH sets the sales rates of the plant material that are
distributed from the government nurseries, the rates are very low ( table 8) and do not reflect
the true cost of producing high quality germplasm. For example grafted citrus and mango
have a price of Rs 20 per plant and is the highest priced material available from the
government nurseries.
Table 8 Nursery Price List, Punjab

Name of the Plant

Citrus, mango, guava, loquat, jamun, chiku and ber (budded and grafted)
Litchi Layered
Peach, Plum, Aonla, Grapes ( budded and grafted)
Lime, Pomegranate, Phalsa, peach (produced by cuttings)
Grapes ( cutting)
Seedling amla, Jamun, phalsa, loquat, sweet lemon
Papaya
Root stock seedling ( lemon, peach, kainth, guava, amla, khirni)
Root stock without earth ball
Budd sticks with not less than 10 buds
Lemon, ber, peach, pear, guava, jamun, loquat, and amla
Mango one bud stick

Price per Plant

Rs 20
Rs 15
Rs 20
Rs 15
Rs 15
Rs 10
Rs 5
Rs 5
Rs 0.50
Rs 10
Rs 10
Rs 4

2.4.5.4 Floriculture
Growing of flowers is an important component of diversification of agricultural cropping
patters. Punjab ranks high on the horticulture map of the country. The horticulture scenario
in the state has metamorphosed from traditional open cultivation to commercial and hi
tech cultivation of flowers. The state has over 8000 ha, under traditional and commercial
flowers with production of over 50,000 M. T. the state has varying soil types and agro
climatic conditions which offers tremendous scope for commercial floriculture.
 Cut flowers
There is wide scope to increase the area under cut flowers in the districts of Jalandhar,
Ludhiana, and Fatehgarh Sahib. The cut flowers like chrysanthemum will be promoted
under this component.
 Bulbous Flowers
The bulbous flowers like Gladiolus will be promoted as bulbous flower along with cut
flowers. The improved varieties of bulbous flower crops will be collected from different
research stations and multiplied at Govt. nurseries. Assistance @ 50 % of the cost of
cultivation subject to maximum Rs. 45,000 will be provided to the small scale farmers. One
beneficiary can avail assistance for 2 ha area while assistance @ 33 % of ten cost of
cultivation subject to maximum Rs. 29,700 will be provided to other farmers.
19

 Loose Flowers
Loose flowers like Marigold; Chrysanthemum etc will be promoted around, Ludhiana, Patiala
and Fatehgarh Sahib. Assistance @ 50 % of the cost of cultivation subject to maximum Rs.
12,000 will be provided to the small scale farmers. One beneficiary can avail assistance for
2 ha area, while assistance @ 33 % of the cost of cultivation subject to maximum Rs. 7920
will be provided to other farmers. One beneficiary can avail assistance for 4 ha area.
Table 9 Interventions for Floriculture
S.No.

Component

a) Cut flowers
Small scale (2 ha)
Other farmers
b) Bulbous Flowers
Small scale (2 ha)
Other farmers
c) Loose flowers
Small scale (2 ha)
Other farmers
Nursery (1 ha)
Public
Tissue culture lab (up gradation)
Total

2
3.

Proposed
assistance

Target ( ha)

Fin (Rs. Lakhs)

Rs 35,000/ha
Rs. 23100/ha

50
50

17.5
11.55

Rs. 45,000/ha
Rs. 29700/ha

50
50

22.5
14.85

Rs. 12000/ha
Rs. 7920/ha

50
50

6.00
3.96

1 (Ludhiana)
1

3.00
8.00
87.36

Rs. 3 lakh/unit
Rs. 8.00 lakh/unit

2.4.5.5 Spices and Aromatic Plants

The present scenario of Punjab Agriculture warrants crop diversification i.e. shifting of some
area from traditional crops to the new high value crops such as aromatic and spices crops
namely mentha, celery, and garlic.
 Garlic
The area of Garlic in Punjab is 1370 ha with the production of 15810Tonnes and productivity
of 12.0 MT/ha, which is almost three times the national average. The main areas of garlic
production are Patiala, Ludhiana, and Kapurthala. Now with introduction of large size clone
varieties the area is expected to increase very fast because the climate of Punjab is highly
suitable for large sized garlic production.
 Mentha
Presently 15,000 ha mentha cultivation is in Punjab with production of 18750 tonnes mentha
oil and Punjab ranks second in the production of mentha oil in the country. The main area
is concentrated in Ludhiana, Patiala, Jalandhar districts. The demand for mentha oil in
increasing both nationally and internationally the demand for various species like paper
mint, Speer mint and Burgamot mint is increasing but biggest market is of Japanese mint
which is commonly known as Japanese Mentha. There is concentrated area of Mentha in
Jalandhar, Fatehgarh Sahib, Ludhiana, and Patiala districts which are all adjoining districts
20

and most of distillation plants are located in this area only, and also one modern plant has
been established in Moga which is playing pivotal role in spreading the area.
 Celery
Celery is grown for its seed and Punjab alone produces more that 80 per cent of the total
production in India. Celery fits well in the rotation with cabbage, peas and potato. The total
area under celery in the year 2003 was 742 ha with the total production of 967 MT. The
major districts of production are Amritsar and Gurdaspur in Punjab.

Map 4 identified Crops for cluster III

2.4.6

Action Plan for Development of Cluster III

2.4.6.1 Area Expansion under Spices and Aromatic Plants

An area of 500 ha is proposed to expand under Garlic and the districts identified for
expansion are Patiala and Ludhiana. An area of 250 ha is identified under aromatic plants,
where Mentha will be expanded on an area of 200 ha and celery on an area of 50 ha. The
districts identified for expansion are Patiala, Ludhiana, Jalandhar, Amritsar and Gurdaspur.
21

2.4.6.2 Production of Planting Material

For new plantation production of quality planting material is required. For this nurseries are
required to be set up in main floriculture producing districts. It is proposed to set up one
small nursery (1 ha) under public sector at Patiala for floriculture and spices.
2.4.6.3 Post Harvest Management
To strengthen the post harvest infrastructure to meet the present level of production as well
as the anticipated increase in production volumes, quality at the consumer level can be
increased with appropriate post harvest infrastructural facilities. Therefore, plan envisages
functional infrastructure like:Collection centres: Fifteen collection centres, five in each identified district is proposed
under the national horticulture mission plan. The collection centre will consist of mechanical
sorting, grading and packing line. The estimated cost for each unit is 15.00 lakh and the
proposed assistance is credit linked back ended subsidy @ 25 % of the capital cost of the
project in general areas and 33.33 % in case of hilly and tribal area.
2.4.6.4 Rural/ Apni Mandi/ Direct Markets
The present haats or weekly bazaars which constitute first contact point with commercial
circuits for the producers do not provide even the most basic of amenities and facilities such
as shelter, water, electricity, roads etc. Bringing about an improvement in market facilities at
rural level has a direct impact on farmers income. Once developed the rural markets
provide improved services for buyers and create an element of market security for the
growers. Haats need to be provided with mobile banks on haat days by Gramin Banks.
Therefore, in total five rural markets, one in each identified district is proposed in cluster III.
These rural markets will have the minimum basic infrastructure such as sheds, auction/sale
platforms, proper flooring, drainage, provision for drinking water, internal roads, electricity
etc. the estimated cost for development of each market is 15.00 lakh per unit and the
proposed assistance is credit linked back ended subsidy @ 25 % of the capital cost of the
project in general areas and 33.33 % in case of hilly and tribal area.
The minimum basic infrastructure in each market such as sheds, auction/sale platforms,
proper flooring, and drainage, provision for drinking water, internal roads, and electricity etc.
will be set up

22

Table 10 Interventions for Cluster III

S.
No.

Programme
PLANTATION
INFRASTRUCTURE &
DEVELOPMENT
Production Of Planting
material
a) Public sector
i) Small nursery ( 1 ha)

Estimated
Cost

Proposed
Assistance

Phy./
Location

Rs. 3.00 lakh/

unit

Max. of Rs. 3.00

lakh per nursery

1 ( Patiala)
1
(Ludhiana)

4
5
6

Sub Total
Establishment of New
gardens
i. Spices and Aromatic
ii. Floriculture
Sub Total
Vegetable Seed
Production
Seed Infrastructure
Tissue Culture Labs
Functional infrastructure

Rs. 15.00 lakh

Rural/ Apni Mandi

Rs. 15.00 lakh

6.00

6.00

Rs. 11,250/ha

750 ha

250 ha
35
credit linked back
ended subsidy
@ 25 % of the
capital cost of the
project in general
areas and 33.33
% in case of hilly
and tribal area
credit linked back
ended subsidy
@ 25 % of the
capital cost of the
project in general
areas and 33.33
% in case of hilly
and tribal area

Total

2.5

Fin. ( Rs.
Lakhs)

84.37
76.36
160.73
125.00

15

100.00
8.00
56.25

18.75

474.73

Protected Cultivation

Activities like Green House construction, mulching, shade net and plastic tunnel will be
promoted with assistance available under Mission.
2.5.1

Green House (Hi tech)

The green houses will be mainly used for growing of Fruit Nurseries, and high value
vegetable and flower crops. They will also be used for hardening of tissue cultured plantlets.
In the green house the temperature, humidity are kept under control by using mini/ micro
irrigation and fogging System s per the need of crops which are to be grown in the green
house. The estimated cost of construction is Rs. 650/- per sq mt. The assistance @ 50 % of
the cost subject to a maximum of Rs. 325 per sq. m. will be available to small and marginal
23

farmers for a unit area of

1000 sq mts, and for other categories of the farmers, the

assistance will be @ 33.3% subject to maximum of Rs. 215 per sq mt.for a unit area of 1000
sq mts. per beneficiary.
The emphasis will be placed on cultivation of Carnation, Gerbera, Roses and Horticulture
Nursery Developments programmes in the Ludhiana, Patiala, Hoshiarpur, Firozpur,
Jalandhar, Bhatinda, Amritsar and Fatehgarh Sahib Districts.
2.5.2

Green House ( Normal)

In these type of greenhouses, dependence on electricity or other conventional fuel is

eliminated. These greenhouses will be operated with only natural Ventilation provision for
maintaining favourable temp., humidity and carbon dioxide concentration. The plastic net will
be used to prevent entry of insects and pests. The film to be used will be ultraviolet
stabilized and will be conforming to Standards of IS 2508. The estimated cost of such a
green house is Rs. 250 per sq mt . The assistance @ 50 % i.e Rs.125 per sq mt will be
provided for a unit of 1000 sq mt, per beneficiary for small and marginal farmers. The other
categories of farmers will be given 33.3% i.e Rs. 83.25 per sq,mt, assistance for a unit
of1000 sq. mt per beneficiary. The emphasis will be placed on cultivation of Gerbera, Roses,
Capsicum, Tomato. Cucumber& propagation of fruit nurseries in the Ludhiana, Hoshiarpur,
Firozpur, Jalandhar, Patiala, Amritsar and Fatehgarh Sahib Districts.
2.5.3

Mulching

It is necessary in the state of Punjab Plastic mulching for fruit trees and in Citrus cultivation
is found very effective. Under the Mission assistance @ 50 % of the total cost subject to a
maximum of Rs. 7000/- per hectare limited to 2 hectares per beneficiary is available. Plastic
mulching consists of laying suitable plastic film over the soll around a plant to limit
evaporation of water, to check the growth of weed and to protect crops form dirt. Only
flexible films are suitable for this practice,. The materials commonly used for mulching film
are Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC), Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) and Linear Low Density
Polyethylene (LLDPE) used green house films will also be used for mulching applications.
The thickness of the film will vary with the type of crops grown. lt ranges from 30 to 50
micron for short duration crops and 200 to 250 micron for fruit tree orchards. The emphasis
will be given to areas of Ludhiana, Patiala, Hoshiarpur, Firozpur, Jalandhar, Patiala,
Amritsar and Fatehgarh Sahib Districts.

24

2.5.4

Shade nets

An assistance @ 50 % of the cost subject to a maximum of Rs. 3500/ 500 sq. m. limited to 2
hectares per beneficiary will be available under the Mission. A shade net is a framed
structure covered with plastic net instead of plastic film or glass. Plastic net is stretched
properly before use. Once the shade net frame is installed the stretched plastic net is spread
over the structure from one end to the other without wrinkles and keeping over crops or
nursery. It protects the crops from high intensity direct solar radiation. The emphasis will be
given to areas of Ludhiana, Patiala, Hoshiarpur, Firozpur, Jalandhar, Patiala, Amritsar and
Fatehgarh Sahib Districts.
2.5.5

Plastic Tunnels

An assistance @ 50 % of the cost subject to a maximum of Rs. 5000/1000 sq. m. limited to

0.50 hectare per beneficiary will be available under the Mission. Plastic tunnel is also called
miniature green house, the low tunnels take full advantage of the properties of transparent
plastic films. The curved shape along with minimum framework helps to maximize the
illumination. Heat and water losses are reduced. The Installation is rapid and low cost.
Plastic low tunnels will be used in horticultural nurseries, floriculture, etc. The emphasis will
be given to areas of Ludhiana, Patiala, Hoshiarpur, Firozpur, Jalandhar, Patiala, Amritsar
and Fatehgarh Sahib Districts.
Activities like green house construction, mulching, shade net and plastic tunnels would be
promoted, the assistance for which is indicated in the guidelines. The physical and financial
Programme proposed is as under.
Table 11 Interventions for Protected Cultivation
S.
No.

Item

Particulars

Cost/Unit

1.

Green house
(High Tech)

Rs.325/sq.m
(1000
sq./m in each unit)

50

2.

Green house
(Normal)

Rs.125/sq.m
(1000
sq./m in each unit)

50

62.50

2.

Mulching

High tech green houses for

varietals testing & development
of Citrus and other horticulture
crops installed / to be installed
in
Jalandhar,
Hoshiarpur,
Patiala, Firozpur
Green houses for varietals
testing & development of
flowers and other fruits to be
installed
in
Jalandhar,
Hoshiarpur, Patiala, Firozpur
For Citrus and other horticulture
crops

Amount
(Rs. in
lakhs)
162.50

50

3.50

3.

Shade-net
*
proposed
under Private

Rs.7000/- per hectare

(2 hectares for each
unit)
Rs.7/- per sq.m. (2
hectares in each unit)

150

210.00

Shade net houses for raising

rootstocks and enclosing mother
trees with mist irrigation facility
25

No. of
Units

S.
No.

4.

Item

Particulars

sector

poly houses for off season

nursery.
Hot bed and cold
frame for conditioning/hardening
of rooted cuttings, water storage
tank, spray pumps, tools and
implements for propagation,
rootstock/seeds,
media,
manure/fertilizers,
hormones/
chemicals, packing material,
containers
For growing vegetable under
low
tunnels
in
Amritsar
Jalandhar, Sangrur, Mansa,
Bathinda,

Low-tunnels

Cost/Unit

Rs.5000 / 1000 sq.m

limited to 2 hect. Per
benefic ion.

No. of
Units

Amount
(Rs. in
lakhs)

600 hect.

Total

2.6

30.00

468.50

Organic Farming / Vermicompost Unit

The method of vermi composting for production of organic manure is found to be very
useful. It is therefore, proposed to support farmers for adoption of organic farming on
horticulture crops and also production of compost through vermin compost. It is proposed to
install 250 ha. Of vermi compost during 2005-06 for which an assistance of Rs. 75.00 lakhs
will be required.
2.7

Human Resource Development

Punjab is one of the leading state in the country for Horticulture Development. With the
increasing area under horticultural crops, the need for trained/semi-trained manpower is
growing. Also there is need to guide farmers about latest know-how in the field of
horticulture. The Government of Punjab has identified areas for setting up Agri Export Zones
for different fruits and vegetables. Thus there is need to give focus on export quality
production. For this it is essential to impart training to the departmental staff/officers
Training would be imparted on the aspects like improved cultivation practices, IPM, INM,
post harvest management practices and processing, export etc. is necessary. Human
resource development through trainings and demonstrations will be an integral part of the
State Mission. Under this Programme, training of the farmers, field level worker and officers
will be taken up. Programme for providing appropriate training to the farmers for the
adoption of high yielding varieties of crops and farming System will be taken up. Programme
for training of the officials concerned with the implementation of the programme and the field
level workers who will in turn train, guide the farmers will also be taken up.
An important activity under the training is to provide resource materials to the farmers and to
acquaint them about various farming techniques through exhibitions and demonstrations. In
26

order to ensure wider and full participation, Publicity about the training programmes will also
be required.
Table 12 Human Resource Development
S.
No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Particulars

Duration/
Nos.

Cost/Unit
(Rs.)

No. Of Participants

Farmers training
Supervisors Training
Officers Training
Study Tours
Entrepreneurs Training
Farmers Visits
Total

8
12
2
1
250
2

1500
6000
10000
200000
12
10000

500
120
50
10
500
60

Provision
Required
( Rs. Lacs)
60.00
86.40
10.00
20.00
150.00
12.00
116.40

The state has less of technical manpower therefore, it is recommended to have more of
technical person on contractual basis by implementing agency. Furthermore it is advisable
to appoint and recruit technical staff by the state government for implementing and
monitoring of the mission activities.
2.8

Pollination Support through Bee Keeping

In order to maximize agricultural production, honeybee can be used as an important input.

The overall responsibility of coordinating the beekeeping development programme in the
state would be vested in the identified State Designated Agency (SDA), KVIB. The KVIB has
been implementing the beekeeping programmes, it will be integrated in the NHM.
The bee traders from corporate/ private sector shall be registered with SDA, and they will be
selected based on their technical expertise, qualified personnel and infrastructure. The
registered bee breeders shall be eligible for financial assistance in the form of grant in
aid to a maximum of 50 % of the cost subject to maximum of Rs. 800/- colony with beehive.
Project envisages 25 Acres vegetable seed production in each district to be supported
through bee keeping. Estimated cost of the project would be Rs. 50 lakhs as per NHM
norms.
2.9

Post Harvest Management

The programmes for post harvest management are project based. States Missions, after
approval of the Executive Committee of the State Mission is to submit viable projects to EC.
Such projects as proposed by SHM are included in the document.
NHM assistance is available for Pack Houses, Cold Storage Units, Refrigerated Vans, and
C.A. Storage Mobile Processing Units, Market Intelligence, and Buy back intervention and

27

for the establishment of the marketing infrastructure for horticulture produce in

Public/Private/Cooperative Sectors.
The main objectives of providing assistance under this component are (a) to induce
Investments from private and cooperative sectors in the development of marketing
infrastructure for horticulture commodities (b) Strengthen existing horticulture markets
including wholesale, rural haats; (c) focus on promotion of grading, standardization and
quality certification of horticultures produce at farm /market level to enable farmers to realize
better price; and (d) create general awareness among farmers, consumers, entrepreneurs
and market functionaries on market related Agricultural Practices including contract farming.
Assistance under the scheme is provided on the following norms:
Credit linked back ended subsidy @ 25% of the capital cost of the project is provided for
new infrastructure projects for marketing of horticultural commodities and for strengthening
and modernization of existing horticulture markets such s wholesale or rural haats.
Marketing infrastructure' for the purpose of this Scheme may comprise of any of the
following:

Functional infrastructure for collection/assemblage, drying, cleaning, grading and

standardization, SPS measures and quality certification, labeling, packaging, ripening
chambers, retailing and wholesaling, value addition facilities (without changing the
product form).

Market user common facilities in the project area like shops/offices, platforms for
loading/un-loading/assembling and auctioning of the produce, parking sheds, internal
roads,

garbage

disposal

arrangements,

including

drinking

water,

sanitation

arrangements, weighing and mechanical handling equipments.

Infrastructure for Direct Marketing of horticulture commodities from producers to

Consumers/processing units/bulk buyers.

The above is included in the form of a terminal market in the Mission.

Assistance for setting up markets is linked with market reforms and preference is to be
given to those States which amend their State Agricultural Produce Marketing Acts for
facilitating alternate marketing by farmers/farmer groups involved in horticulture. Such
amendments have already been made for direct marketing of fruits & vegetables by for
setting up terminal markets. Other amendments are planned for contract farming, single
licensing etc. for Monsoon session of the State assembly.

Assistance is available to individuals, Group of farmers/growers/ consumers,

Partnership/ Proprietary firms, Non- Government Organizations (NGOs), Self Help
28

Groups (SHGs), Companies, Corporations, Cooperatives, Cooperative Marketing

Federations, Local bodies, Agricultural Produce Market Committees & Marketing Boards
and State Governments. In Punjab, this work is entrusted to PSAMB.

Cost of land in infrastructure projects will be restricted to 10 percent of the project cost in
rural areas and 20 percent in Municipal areas. The entrepreneur will not alienate the
land during the period of the loan for any purpose other than the purpose for which the
project is sanctioned. The size of the project will be determined on the basis of economic
viability and commercial considerations.

The various post harvest infrastructure is developed according to the identified clusters and
the outlay is given as per the cluster.
2.9.1

Wholesale/ Terminal Markets

Project based proposals are being prepared in the State to induce investments from private
and co-operative sectors in the development of marketing of horticulture commodities. In
this context a modern market for fruits and vegetables are planned for Patiala, Ludhiana,
and Amritsar. It will strengthen existing horticulture markets including wholesale markets and
rural haats. The proposed financial outlay for land and feasibility study is 4 crore for each
market, and the total is 12 crores.
2.9.2

Commodity Based Wholesale Market

Commodity based wholesale market yards will be set up during the national horticulture
mission. The basic components of the market yards will be Grading, Packing facilities, Cold
Storages, pack houses, rest room for drivers, dormitories for buyers, banking and other
supporting infrastructure facilities. The proposed outlay will be Rs. 2.00 crores/ market.
There will be total four such market, two in Firozpur and 2 in Hoshiarpur. The proposed
assistance is credit linked back ended subsidy @ 25 % of the capital cost of the project in
general areas and 33.33 % in case of hilly and tribal area.
2.9.3

Market led Extension, awareness, training and evaluation services

To educate and update the field functionaries and farmers on latest and new trends in the
National and International

market

i.e. Quality management , Good Manufacturing

Processing (GMP), Hazard Analysis Critical control Point (HACCP), Tractability and
advance packing specification

etc. financial assistance on actual basis (100% of actual

project cost .) is proposed for this component. Proposed financial outlay is 20.00 lakh for
year 2005-06.
29

2.9.4

Quality & Residue Analysis laboratory

The quality & residue analysis/ testing facility is proposed to be provided in Punjab
Horticultural Post Harvest Technology Centre of PAU at Ludhiana during 2005-06 with an
estimated cost of Rs. 20 Lakhs/-. Details of the facility to be developed are as under:

Strengthening of quality and residue analysis lab

Processing laboratory

Microbial analysis

Packaging equipment

Building infrastructure

Scientist & other Technical Staff

Contingency Expenses

2.10 Innovative technology

Under the innovative technology de bittering plant for citrus is proposed. The estimated
financial outlay of this plant is Rs. 2.00 crores @ 100 % assistance from National
Horticulture Mission. This plant will be helpful in developing the processing industry in the
state.
2.11 Mission Management
For the success of the NHM as envisaged it is necessary that Mission HQ is strengthened
with quality manpower including technical services, data base development, use of IT,
development of software and procurement of requisite hard wares, hiring and if necessary
purchase of vehicles, engagement of personnel on contract .It might be necessary at some
time to collaborate with international agencies. A provision of Rs 1250 Lakhs has been
made in the year 2005-06
For management of NHM, a separate State level Horticulture Mission will be established
District Level Mission Committees and Block/Village Level committees will also be
established. The state level mission and district/block level committees will have to be
supported with additional manpower. The manpower will be engaged strictly on contract
basis on merit. Separate technical support group will be constituted, which will help the
Mission Director are in managing its activities and also preparation and scrutiny of the
project. The Director of Horticulture or any other suitable person with adequate technical
qualification and experience will be appointed as Mission Director.

30

The State HM would provide funds to the State level organizations for taking up innovative
projects in the area of horticulture development, post harvest management, processing and
marketing to help promotion of HM activities in the state.
2.11.1 Institutional strengthening and Hire/ Purchase of vehicles
The Mission HQ will be strengthened with manpower including hiring of technical services,
database development, use of information technology, development of software and
procurement of hardware, hiring and if necessary purchase of vehicle, engagement of
personnel on contract who can assist in the day to day functioning of the office including
driver. Suitable provision for the same for office of Director (Horticulture) is also included.
Proposed financial outlay is 200.00 lakh for year 2005-06.
2.11.2 Collaboration with International Agencies
Attempts will be made to collaborate with the International agencies like FAO, World Bank,
Asian Development Bank etc, for taking up programme for the development of horticulture.
To organize study tours and to organize training programmes the NHM, the funds for this
purpose are earmarked in the Annual Action Plan. Proposed financial outlay is 100.00 lakh
for year 2005-06.
2.11.3 Monitoring and Evaluation
State HM would engage reputed agencies which will work in close association with the
concerned official of state Govt. and P.A.U., Ludhiana. This agency will also undertake
concurrent monitoring and end term evaluation and submit its monitoring report on quarterly
basis and evaluation report by the end of Xth plan. A monitoring and evaluation unit will be
established at the university which will play pivotal role in conducting monitoring and
evaluation studies in an efficient manner.
2.12 Innovative Strategy for Marketing
Horticulture scenario assumes greater significance from the point of view of fruit utilization
since consumption of fruits and vegetables in the state is quite high as compared to other
parts of the country. The state also produces export oriented fruits and vegetables and has
Agri Export Zone. But lacks the perishable cargoes facilities for exports at the airport. A
great need for modernization of structure is required in order to be competitive enough.
Hence, APEDA conducted a feasibility study and worked out that a total of Rs 1825 lakh will
be required for development of infrastructure and other facilities at the airport. It is proposed
that 100 % assistance would be provided under National Horticulture Mission under the new
programme of special gateway for exports in North India.
31

2.13 Agri Export Zone

The state has Agri- export zone for potatoes and vegetables. Seeds are supplied from this
zone to the contract farmers who are growing vegetables in 500 acres of land. Under the
mission more emphasis will be given to modernization and setting of processing units in
order to be competitive enough. Up gradation of the existing AEZ will be undertaken under
the various projects of horticulture products. Increase in exportable production will be the
main objective under the mission.

32

PROPOSAL FOR ASSISTANCE UNDER NHM 2005-06, PUNJAB

(Rs in lakh)
Sr.
No.

Programme

Estimated Cost

Phy

Fin

Research needs of Punjab

will be submitted to
Central
Government
Institutes under ICAR,
CSIR and others through
SAUs to take up need
based
research
and
development works

A.

RESEARCH

B.

PLANTATION INFRASTRUCTURE &

DEVELOPMENT
Production of planting
material
a) Public sector

Proposed assistance

i. Model nursery (4 ha)

Rs. 18.00 lakh/unit

Maximum of Rs. 18.00

lakh per nursery

36.00

ii, Small Nursery (1 ha.)

Rs. 3.00 lakh per

unit

Maximum of Rs. 3.00

lakh per nursery

9.00

iii. Rehab of existing Tissue

culture units

Rs. 8.00 lakh/unit

Maximum of Rs, 8.00

lakh/unit

8.00

i. Model nursery (4 ha)

Rs. 18.00 lakh/unit

18.00

ii. Nursery (1 ha.)

Rs. 3.00 lakh per

unit

Credit linked back ended

subsidy
50% of cost limited to Rs.
1.50 lakh/nursey

1.50

iv. Tisue culture Lab

Rs. 4.00 lakhs/ unit

4.00

b) Private sector

Maximum of Rs, 4.00

lakh/unit

Sub-total
c. Vegetable seed
production
a. Public Sector ( SAUs &
State Depts.BSSC.)

76.50

Rs. 50,000 per

100% of cost

250

125.00

Rs. 5.00 laks / small unit

10

50.00

Rs. 2 lakh/unit

25

50.00

ha

d. Seed infrastructure
a. Public sector
b. Privates sector

Project based

Sub-total
2

225.00

Establishment of new
gardens (ha.)
i. Fruits (Perennials)
ia- Perennials
iii Rejuventation /
productivity enhancement

Rs. 30,000/ha
(average)

Sub-total

Rs. 22500/ha

1430

321.75

50% of the total cost

subject to limit of Rs.
15,000/ha to a limit of 2
ha

3,350

502.50

824.25

iii. Flowers
33

a) Cut Flowers
50 % of the cost max. to
Rs. 35,000/ha @ 2 ha /
beneficiary
33 % max. to Rs.
23100/ha limited to 4 ha/
beneficiary

1. Small scale/ marginal

farmers
2. Other farmers

50

17.50

50

11.55

50

22.50

50

14.85

50

6.00

50

3.96

b) Bulbous Flowers
50 % of the cost max. to
Rs. 45,000/ha @ 2 ha /
beneficiary
33 % max. to Rs.
29700/ha limited to 4 ha/
beneficiary

1. Small scale/ marginal

farmers
2. Other farmers

c) Loose Flowers
50 % of the cost max. to
Rs. 12,000/ha @ 2 ha /
beneficiary
33 % max. to Rs. 7920/ha
limited
to
4
ha/
beneficiary

1. Small scale/ marginal

farmers
2. Other farmers

Sub-total
iv. Spices and Aromatic
plants

76.36
Rs. 15,000/ha (
average)

75 % of the cost subject to

a maximum of Rs.
11,250/ha limited to 4 ha
per beneficiary

750

Sub-total
3

84.38

84.38

Protected cultivation
1. Green House (Hitech)
a. Small & Marginal
Farmers

Rs. 650/ Sq. m

50% of the cost limited to

max of Rs.325/Sq.m for
hi-tech GH maximum of
1000 Sq.m./beneficiary

50

162.50

a. Small & Marginal

Farmers

Rs. 250/ Sq. m

50

62.50

3. Mulching

Rs. 14,000/ha

50

3.50

4. ShadeNet

Rs. 14/Sq. m.

150

210.00

5. Plastic Tunnel

Rs. 10 / Sq.m.

50% of the cost limited to

max
ofRs.125/Sq.for
normal GH maximum of
1000 Sq.m./beneficiary
50% of the total cost
limited to Rs. 7000/ha
max.
upto
2
ha/beneficiary
50% ofcostmaxof Rs.
3500/ 500 Sq.m max. upto
2 ha/beneficiary
50% of cost max of
Rs.5000/1000Sq.m max.
upto 0.5 ha

600

30.00

2. Green House (Normal)

Sub-total
4
5

VermiCompost/ Organic
farming
Pollination through Bee
Keeping

468.50
75.00
Rs. 1600/ colony

34

50% of cost max of Rs.

800/ colony

15 ha

50.00

HRD including
horticulture institute

Project based

100% assistance

a) Farmers training

Rs. 1500/- per farmer

b) Officers training
c) Study Tour
d) Supervisors and
Gardeners training
e) Entrepreneurs Training
f) farmers visits

500

60.00

@ 10000 per participants

50

10.00

@
200000
per
participants
@ 6000 per participants

10

20.00

120

86.40

@ 120 per participants

500

150.00

60

12.00

@ 10000 per participants

Sub Total
C.

116.40
Credit linked back-ended
subsidy @ 25% of the
capital cost of project in
general areas and 33.33 %
in case of hilly and tribal
areas

POST HARVEST
MANAGEMENT

I. Multi Product Line

Project based

2. Cold storage units

Rs. 2.00 crore/unit

-do-

150.00

3. Ref. Vans/containers

Rs. 24.00 lakh/unit

-do-

12.00

4. Market Intelligence

Project based

Project based

5. Quality & Residue

Analysis laboratory (
upgradation )
Est. of Marketing
Infrastructure for
horticultural produce in
Govt/Private/ Cooperative
sector

Rs. 20 lakhs/ unit

PAU

20.00

a) Wholesale/Terminal
markets ( Land & Feasibility
Study
b) Commodity based
wholesale Market ( citrus)

upto Rs. 400.00

lakhs

Credit linked back-ended

subsidy @ 25% of the
capital cost of project in
general areas and 33.33 %
in case of hilly and tribal
areas
do -

1200.00

Rs. 200.00 lakhs

do-

200.00

c) Rural Markets/Apni
Mandis/Direct Markets

Rs. 15.00 lakh

do -

11

41.25

d) Functional Infrastructure
for collection, grading etc.

Rs. 15.00 lakh

do -

33

123.75

e) Extension, quality
awareness & Market led
extension activities for fresh
processed products
Sub Total

Project based

100 % asst.

Innovative projects
including ongoing
programme

a) Self
employment and
Value addition on
field (asst. to
processor or for
common facilities
, Self
employment in

200.00

20.00

1967.00

35

25%
of
investment

capital

100

150.00

hort.

b) Activities for
prmotional
measures
i) Asst. for
participation in
Internationl
exhibition
ii) Meeting
chalanges of
WTO
iii) Strengthening
of Hort. Nurseries
iv) Udyan Pandit
Puraskra
v) Horticulture
exhibition / shows
c) IT based
Technology
dissemination
I) Technology
Dissamination
ii) Market
facilitation centre
d) De- Bittering
Plant
Sub-total
MISSION
MANAGEMENT
(i) State & Districts Mission
Strucutre including
additional manpower &
project preparation cost
(ii) Support to cooperatives
for infrastrucural
requirement
(iii) Institutional
Strengthening, ire/purchase
of vehicles,
hardware/software
(iv) Technical Support
group (TSG)

(v) Collaboration with

international agencies like
FAO, World bank etc.

25.00

60.00

100

300.00
8.50

@ 25000 per show

100

25.00

@ 10 lakh or 50 %

20.00

@ 10 lakh or 50 %

20.00

Rs.200.00 lakhs @ 100

%

200.00
808.50

5% of total annual
expenditure on the
basis of appraised
needs
Project based

300.00

Project based

200.00

Project based
subject to a ceiling
of Rs. 5 crore per
annums
Project based
subject to a ceiling
of Rs. 5 crore per
annums

500.00

150.00

100.00

Sub-total

1250.00

TOTAL

6021.89

36

100 % of the project

cost

Under NHM
SPECIAL GATEWAY
FOR EXPORT

1825.00

Grand Total

7846.89

37