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43 354984626 PDF
43 354984626 PDF
4/29/2015
4/29/2015
>S>N
- -...
1.
1,3-
1,3-
1,2-
1,2-
4/29/2015
1-1,3-
()
1 H- 1,2
()
2-- 1,3
5--4-1,2-
1--1-1,3-
(N- )
1,3 - -
1,3 - -
4/29/2015
1,2 - -
1,2 - -
-
(
)
( )
Z = N,
Z = O,
Z = S,
4/29/2015
Z = N, NH, O, S
: > >
Z = N, NH, O, S
4/29/2015
( )
Z = N,
Z = O,
Z = S,
: > >
4/29/2015
Z = N, NH, O, S
-
( )
( )
> > > > >
( (N= )
4/29/2015
pKa
N-hydrogen
pKaH
pKa -
pKaH -
4/29/2015
1,2
1. 1,3
/
( )
Z = NH, NR
Z = O
1,2
2. -
Z = NH, NR
Z = O
10
4/29/2015
1.
( )
1960
2. -
() ()
: 1,3
( )
( )
11
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,
,
- 70 C
- 114 C
-
(, , )
sp3 C-
3 (5) -
12
4/29/2015
Bird IA 90
1,2
- (3
C-, 3 N-).
N
(N1) (
)
(N2 )
(
)
4
> >
13
4/29/2015
1. -
,
-
.
2. C -
HNO3/H2SO4
,
N2O4/
4-
1-
4-
14
4/29/2015
3. 4-
N-
1,2
, N- 1-
15
4/29/2015
1.
pKa = 14,2
pKa = 17,5
H2
H2
16
4/29/2015
,
,
- 95 C
1. 1,3
17
4/29/2015
2. -
Bird IA 90
- (3 C-,
-
N-).
18
4/29/2015
1. C- -
4-
2. C- -
N-
19
4/29/2015
,
,
- 114 C
350 C
+ H2S + 8H2O
20
4/29/2015
C- -
1,3
1. -
Z = NR
Z = S
21
4/29/2015
1,3
2. ,
(TosMIC)
N- Z = NR
Z = O
Z = S
, ,
- 89-91 C
- 256 C
5,6 D
(
, N-H, ).
.
22
4/29/2015
1.
+ NH3
HCOOH + HCHO
+ 2NH3 + HCHO
+ 3H2O
2. -
NH
N
H
23
4/29/2015
3.
(TosMIC)
N -
(BetMIC)
Bird IA 79
1,3
- (3
C-, N-).
(N1)
(
(N3
)
(
24
4/29/2015
p ,
sp2
p
,
sp2
1,3
, 4 5
4(5)
25
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1. (N3)
26
4/29/2015
2. -
:
N-
1
1,3
3. -
4 (5)-
4,5
27
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4. -
4(5 )
(
(II) )
5. -
(4,5 ) (2,4,5 )
2,4,5
4(5)
28
4/29/2015
1. 1,3
1. N-
pKa = 14,2
( ),
, pKa = 17,5
-
,
,
- 69 C
Bird IA 47
-
29
4/29/2015
- (
)
1. -
( ),
(
).
30
4/29/2015
(2- )
-
,
,
- 117 C
Bird IA 79
31
4/29/2015
-
1. -
Hantzsch synthesis
2,4
S-
- 2
- 5
32
4/29/2015
1.
2. C-
- :
5-
2. - (
II
3. - , 2 - C-5.
33
4/29/2015
1. N ()
2. N
3.
N-, N-,
N-,
4. N a O > S > P
5. ,
, , , , , , ,
34
4/29/2015
6.
[],
.
,
,
.
9H - [4,5 d ]
[2,3 d ]
10
9H-
35
4/29/2015
4,5
( )
5 -4-
( )
36
4/29/2015
1.
pKaH = 2.5
+
1. -
37
4/29/2015
C- -
,
C8.
C- (C - 2, C - 6 C 8)
38
4/29/2015
pKa = 8,9
N-Hydrogen
[2,3-d]
39
4/29/2015
Isay
4,5
[2,3-d]
()
Isay -
2,4,5
6 7
40
4/29/2015
: Taylor
6
1,2
2-
:
- -
(SN2)
(3,4 7,8)
41
4/29/2015
: -
N-
6-
6-
5-
X=
N -
O -
S -
B -
42
4/29/2015
1-
1. OH2. H+
1-H -
43
4/29/2015
6
N-
,
44
4/29/2015
1,2
1,3
1,4
1,4 :
[f] 1,4
[b] 1,4
45
4/29/2015
5- 2-
N-
46